موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Fundamentals_of_Computer_Graphics - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface This edition of Fundamentals of Computer Graphics includes substantial rewrites of the material on shading, light reflection, and path tracing, as well as many corrections throughout. This book now provides a better introduction to the tech- niques that go by the names of physics-based materials and physics-based ren- dering and are becoming predominant in actual practice. This material is now better integrated, and we think this book maps well to the way many instructors are organizing graphics courses at present. The organization of this book remains substantially similar to the fourth edi- tion. As we have revised this book over the years, we have endeavored to retain the informal, intuitive style of presentation that characterizes the earlier editions, while at the same time improving consistency, precision, and completeness. We hope the reader will find the result is an appealing platform for a variety of courses in computer graphics. About the Cover The cover image is from Tiger in the Water by J. W. Baker (brushed and air- brushed acrylic on canvas, 16” by 20”, www.jwbart.com). The subject of a tiger is a reference to a wonderful talk given by Alain Fournier (1943–2000) at a workshop at Cornell University in 1998. His talk was an evoca- tive verbal description of the movements of a tiger. He summarized his point: Even though modelling and rendering in computer graphics have been improved tremendously in the past 35 years, we are still not at the point where we can model automatically a tiger swimming in the river in all its glorious details. By automatically I mean in a way that does not need careful manual tweaking by an artist/expert. The bad news is that we have still a long way to go. The good news is that we have still a long way to go
Climate Change in Central Asia Decarbonization, Energy Transition and Climate Policy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This chapter provides a broad introduction to the impact of climate change in Central Asia, a region that has been experiencing a greater rise in temperatures than other parts of the world. The chapter shows how climate change represents a significant threat to Central Asia, exacerbating existing economic and environmental challenges and fueling regional tensions over resource management. Inefficient water resource management at the national level and limited regional collaboration on the management of water resources, coupled with state capacities that remain insuffi- cient to tackle climate change impacts, compound water-related tensions between the countries in the region. The chapter also shows how decarbonisation efforts in Central Asia are still in their early stages, with coal remaining a primary source of energy. Although the Central Asian countries have announced decarbonisation targets and adopted green economy strategies and programmes to reduce green- house gas emissions, a large-scale clean energy transition remains unlikely in the short term. The chapter concludes by identifying a lack of scholarship on climate change in Central Asia, which limits the development of a coherent approach to climate change mitigation and adaptation and evidence-based decision-making in the region. The chapter argues that a more coordinated approach to tackling climate change across the region is needed, requiring closer collaboration and more effective joint management of natural resources by the five Central Asian states. Finally, the chapter presents the chapters in the rest of the book
Make Capitalism History A Practical Framework for Utopia and the Transformation of Society - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: v I do not demand voluntarism nor do I preach an automatism; I rather intend to demonstrate the objective possibility of change and its preconditions. I neither want to paint a utopian picture nor forbid utopian thinking; my aim is to unfold well-founded hope. I neither want to be desperately waiting for the better humans nor seal history’s horrors with man’s evil nature; I rather take humans seriously in their history and their potential. I neither want to waste my life in a never-ending struggle nor bow my head before the overpowering. With confi- dence in existing potential and certainty of well-founded hope, I want to realise human possibilities. For 300 years, capitalism has been turning cooperation into competition, work into exploitation, nature into the insignificant other; it strengthens racism and patriarchy, puts profit before people and, therefore, impedes peace, justice, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Today, when we are facing the risk of a climate crisis, the economic foundation of capitalism makes an ecological restructuring of society impossible. It is time to make capitalism history. To make capitalism history we need an alternative. We cannot demand the end of capitalism without having at least a vague idea of what a soli- dary, free society may look like. This book talks about societal alternatives, which we call utopias, and discusses different ways of how we may reach them. The end of capitalism is a “great transformation” (Polanyi), and such a societal transformation usually involves three aspects: something comes to an end (abolition), something continues (preservation) and something is raised to a qualitatively new level (development)
Living Better Together Social Relations and Economic Governance in the Work of Ostrom and Zelize - PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: olitical economy is a robust field of study that examines the economic and political institutions that shape our interactions with one another. Likewise, social economy focuses on the social interactions, networks, and communities that embody our daily lives. Together, these fields of study seek to understand the historical and contemporary world around us by examining market, political, and social institutions. Through these sectors of life, people come together to exchange goods and services, solve collective problems, and build communities to live better together. Scholarship in this tradition is alive and thriving today. By using the lens of political and social economy, books in this series will examine complex social problems, the institutions that attempt to solve these prob- lems, and the consequences of action within such institutions. Further, this approach lends itself to a variety of methods, including fieldwork, case studies, and experimental economics. Such analysis allows for deeper understanding of social phenomena, detailing the context, incentives, and interactions that shape our lives. This series provides a much-needed space for interdisciplinary research on contemporary topics on political and social economy. In much of academia today, scholars are encouraged to work independently and within the strict boundaries of their disciplines. However, the pursuit of understanding our society requires social scien- tists to collaborate across disciplines, using multiple methods. This series provides such an opportunity for scholars interested in breaking down the boundaries of disciplines in order to better understand the world around us
An Essay on China’s Development After the Demographic Golden Age - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Su Shi, a well-known ci poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote a seven-character quatrain: “It is a range viewed in face and peaks viewed from the side, assuming different shapes viewed from far and wide. Of Mountain Lu we cannot make out the true face, for we are lost in the heart of the very place”. The poem not only depicts the picturesque scenery of Mountain Lu and contains the dialectical idea that those closely involved in something cannot see it clearly, but also provides people with ways and means to observe things, giving the poem an enduring appeal. When we look at the past four million years of human evolution, the trajectory of humanity before they reach the pinnacles of achievements in economic, technological, cultural, and social dimensions today, we may find out there are three distinct eras. As is known to many, an economic era is not defined by what is produced, but by how and what kind of tools are used for production. As the production tools typical of an era vary, so does the capital an economy depends on for growth. We may roughly divide the economic development of humanity into three eras, characterized by hand tools and natural capital, by machine tools and production capital, and by intellectual tools and human capital, respectively. In the era of hand tools, agrarian and prior forms of society—which span from primitive, slave to feudal societies—relied mainly on natural capital. Natural capital provides natural means of living and production, and the multiplication of popula- tion is mainly reflected in the size of the workforce. Therefore, ancient and medieval civilizations appeared mostly in places with fertile land, abundant precipitation, mild climate, convenient land and water transportation, a dense population and large labor force. Cases in point are the five cradles of civilizations, namely, ancient Mesopotamia along the Tigris and Euphrates, ancient Egypt along the Nile Valley, ancient India along the Ganges River, ancient China along the Yellow River, and ancient Greece. The prosperity of the Seljuk Empire, the Russian Empire, and the French Empire in the Middle Ages could also be attributed to their superiority in natural capital and population
Helix Network Theory The Dynamic Structure and Evolution of Economy and Society Interdisciplinary Integrated Economics Creating a Brand New “Micro-Meso-Macro” Paradigm - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Foreword by Gong-Meng Chen I first met and started working with Gan Runyuan, the author of the book, around April and May of 2002. Back then, I had just established the China Accounting and Finance Research Centre at Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Shenzhen. Because the research centre was not long established, it was necessary to introduce various talents. Gan Runyuan was one of the first groups of personnel recruited into the research centre. By 2003, with the active support of Cheng Si-Wei, I and my colleagues had founded the China Venture Capital Research Institute. During that period of time, Gan Runyuan worked as my assistant and participated in many tasks at the China Accounting and Finance Research Centre and China Venture Capital Research Institute. He was easy-going, serious in working, and I was always impressed. Later, Gan Runyuan left Shenzhen to Shanghai. However, he still kept in touch with me and participated in several forums organised by the China Venture Capital Research Institute. At the end of March this year, Gan visited Shenzhen. I learned that he had written an economics monograph, Helix Network Theory, and he invited me to write a preface to this book. He said that this is the ten-year brainchild of his toil, blood, and sweat. I did not expect him after leaving Shenzhen for more than ten years, not only reading that many books on economics and sociology but also spending quite a few years writing an econo
The Emergence of a Tradition: Essays in Honor of Jesús Huerta de Soto, Volume II Philosophy and Political Economy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Only a small minority of people, in our experience, know what Jesús’s full name is. Due to some idiosyncrasies of Spanish naming conventions, this group is dominated by Spaniards. To aid the non-Spanish speaker, a brief explanation of his name is necessary. All Spanish surnames are composed of two parts. The first part is the father’s first surname, and the sec- ond is the mother’s first surname. The general form for all Spanish names becomes [first name] [paternal first surname] [maternal first surname]. Thus, all children have a different surname than their mothers and fathers, though this surname will include elements of both through their respective paternal branches. The children of Juan Garcia Fernandez and Sofia Gonzalez Martin, for example, would all have the surname Garcia Gonzalez. Jesús Huerta de Soto Ballester was born to Jesús Huerta Ballester and Concepción de Soto Acuña. His birth name was Jesús Huerta de Soto, and (after marrying Sonsoles Huarte) his children would have the surname Huerta Huarte. With six children, this linguistically challenging surname would have not been an isolated difficulty. After marriage, Jesús made the decision to legally change the order of his surnames. (This bureaucratic process is not straightforward, nor is it common.) As a result of this change, his first surname, Huerta de Soto, now includes elements of both his father’s and his mother’s names. His second surname, Ballester, is from his father. While the name remains essentially the same (Jesús Huerta de Soto at birth versus Jesús Huerta de Soto Ballester today), the change in ordering meant that the family name passed down to his children would be “Huerta de Soto” instead of “Huerta.” This also applies to their descendants. In all but the most formal situations in Spain, use of only the first surname
The Chinese Path Toward a Leaner Government - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Building a leaner government ( Jian Zheng Fang Quan , or “streamlining admin- istration and delegating powers” in the official translated documents) is essential in China’s transition from a planned economy to a market economy and in an effort to improve the country’s socialist market economy. People of our generation have all had some experiences with the planned economy. It was a time when the government managed everything from production to consump- tion. In other words, the government assumed the role of both the producer and distributor of goods. Little was outside the government administration. It set quotas that matched its plans and organized supplies according to the quotas. No one in China at that time had ever heard about the term Jian Zheng Fang Quan or stream- lining administration and delegating powers. In fact, it was impossible to streamline the government then because everything was controlled by the government, every decision had to come from the higher authorities, and all kinds of stuff were placed under the quota system. When a government assigned each of its staff with a particular task to either manage or supervise economic activities, how could it be streamlined? Power devolution was even more beyond imagination. The planned economy was based on the concentration of power. If power was delegated, how could the economy and people’s daily life go as the government had planned for them? Indeed, there were times when the Chinese government was concerned about the low efficiency and poor performance of the planned economy that too much concentration of power had entailed. However, there were no better ways. China had quite a few lessons learnt in a hard way. Trials to cut government power or remove some quota all ended up in market disorder. Shifting back to old practice only stifled the economy. Such policy flip-flops occurred time after time during the period of the planned economy. It was a doomed cycle that no one was able to brea
Digital Transformation of the Financial Industry Approaches and Applications - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface This book is aimed to be a collection of state-of-the-art research findings in digital transformations across the financial industry from the Central and East European markets. Digitalization is fundamentally changing financial services in the last few decades and tends to reshape the landscape of financial industry in an unprecedented manner. This book seeks to extend the concurrent body of knowledge on digital transformation in the financial industry by encompassing significant conceptual contributions, innovations in methods and techniques and by delineating the main applications of digital transformation in the CEE region. Although the books elaborating digital transformation in finance can be found in the market, these books dominantly focus on developed market. The aim of this book is to progress one-step forward—to focus on practice in developing and transitional/post- transitional countries. When any technology disrupts an industry, trailblazers are usually from the highly developed countries. Diffusion of tech-related disruption is, however, only rarely linear and uninterrupted. Thusly, we were highly motivated to collect the evidence on the development of fintech from the CEE countries. This book can serve to all important fintech stakeholders—students, academic community (with both technical and social science background), and practitioners (decision-makers and policy holders in various organizations of the financial sys- tems). As for the students, typical users are master or doctoral level of education with major subjects covering business, finance, accounting, economics, management science, and other fields in social science and/or engineering. As for the academic community, the book might be interesting for lecturers and scholars from CEE countries. Finally, the book is aimed at practitioners—economic analysts, informa- tion technology developers and information system experts, small investors, insti- tutional investors, as well as regulators of the financial system and national finance
Urban Infrastructure Globalization / Slowbalization - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The book addresses the issue of urban infrastructures within globalization. Slowbal- ization is then introduced rather than deglobalization to indicate important variables that could stand in the way of a prevailing reading key in the book. Wiig et al (2022) argue that starting from a volume (Graham, Marvin, 2001 ) the study of infrastructures has been brought to the center of urban studies and has inspired the infrastructural turn within urban sciences. Infrastructures, and urban ones in particular, precisely because of their differentiation, specialisms, formulas and organizational models that underlie their assembly, governance and management have always appeared residual compared to other themes such as the city, urbaniza- tion, the form urban, competitive advantage, applied globalization; or on another more technical side, specialisms such as engineering or other technical disciplines called upon to assemble and update the various infrastructures in various ways. Moss (2020) on Berlin, which tells the story of that city (1920–2020) through infrastructures, removing them from invisibility, may be singular, but it is not. Putting them at the center offers new ideas and angles both from the point of view of economics, finance, assembly technique and above all the spatiality of the city within the different forms of globalization. Today, urban infrastructures are also a fundamental part of the economy and finance and follow their evolution and trajectory. They assume particular impor- tance starting from the conjugation with the term globalization; we have seen a rapid transformation of the interconnected infrastructure precisely with the growth of glob- alization and the global city. The analysis focused more on what has been called the western global city and the context of the brownfield infrastructureآیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.