موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Financial Innovations and Monetary Reform - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Many economics textbooks have explained the slow transformation from a sub- sistence economy to a barter economy, thus limited by the comparability of the objects or services exchanged. Although an improvement over the subsistence economy, the barter economy remains cumbersome and inefficient, as it requires the simultaneous acceptance of a transaction by both parties with physical delivery. The barter economy eventually gave way to a financial economy that was made possible by the issuance of money, a potentially universal intermediate means of payment, conducive to labor specialization and economic development.1 The Greek civilization and the emerging monetary system that resulted from it led international trade for centuries (from the fifth to the first century BC). Dur- ing this period of antiquity, the countries surrounding the Mediterranean became a world of commercial and industrial competition with the Greeks, the Phoenicians in the west and the Medes on the southeastern border as the players
Trevor Winchester Swan, Volume II - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: We now come to the first set of papers which made Trevor Swan famous. When Trevor Swan moved to the chair at the ANU he continued to dwell over the problems of internal and external balance which had been concerning him as an advisor to Prime Minister Menzies and even earlier when he was developing his econometric model of the Australian economy. In particular he was concerned that the very rapid immigra- tion programme, and the investment required to equip the newly arriving migrants would lead to excess demand in the economy and so create difficulties for policymakers in their attempts to achieve full employment, low inflation and a satisfactory outcome on the balance of payments (see Swan, 1949, 1950a, 1950c, 1950d). As early as November 1952, Swan wrote a paper, Simple Algebra (1952) which is included in this volume, for a meeting of economists at the Commonwealth (Central) Bank in Sydney addressing the issue of simultaneously achieving three objectives:
The Pearl of the East The Economic Impact of the Colonial Railways in the Age of High Imperialism in Southeast Asia - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: During the last decades of the nineteenth century until the 1930s, economic growth in Southeast Asia (we understand Southeast Asia at the end of the nineteenth century: Burma, British colony, Thailand or inde- pendent Siam, Malaysia British colony, Indonesia or Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonies, Indochina, French colonies and the Philippines, Spanish colonies until the end of the century, and from 1898 onwards, American colonies until independence) was a common fact among the economies of the region, despite finding differences in the growth patterns of different countries. Particularly relevant are the studies of Maddison, who analyze Indochina and the Dutch East Indies (Maddison 1990, p. 364). In the case of the Philippines, the most relevant growth model studies are provided by Hooley, with an attempt to explain the growth of the Philip- pines (Hooley 2005, pp. 464–488) and Booth, who emphasizes the analysis of the impact of the provision of new land for the plantation economy in the Philippine archipelago (Booth 2007, pp. 241–266). It should also be noted that these models often work with partially estimated data for dates for which there are no historical references, particularly when data from more remote areas must be covered. In the case of the Philippines, we have worked with data from engineering and execution projects for the Spanish period, and census data for the North American period
Transportation Systems for Tourism - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The term “transportation system” is usually referred to the equipment and logistics of transporting passengers and goods. It covers the trips by all means of transport, from cars and buses to boats, aircraft, and even space travel. The objective of a transportation system is to coordinate the movement of people, goods, and vehicles in order to use routes most efficiently. When implemented, transportation systems seek to reduce transport costs and improve delivery times through effective timetabling and route management. Periodic re-evaluations and the development of alternative routes allow for timely changes to the transportation system to for increasing the efficiency. A standard transportation system will usually feature multiple timetables designed to inform the user of where each vehicle in the fleet is expected to be at any given point in time. These timetables are developed alongside an array of route plans designed to coordinate vehicle movements in a way that prevents bottlenecks in any one location. The main benefit of implementing a transportation system is delivery of goods and users to their destinations in a timely manner. This, in turn, increases the effi- ciency of vehicle use, as the same vehicle can be used for “multi-drop” jobs, such as bus services or home delivery networks, far more effectively when their routes are planned in advance rather than being generated “on the fly”. Transportation systems are developed in a wide variety of sizes. Local transport networks spanning the bus network for a city and its suburbs are common, as are country-wide delivery networks for haulage firms. Airlines use international transportation systems to coordinate their flights. The larger the distance being covered, the more effective the use of vehicles when a transportation system is used.
Marx, Uno and the Critique of Economics - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Several years ago a young American gentleman came to spend a summer in Tokyo, and during his stay there contacted me hoping to arrange an interview with me; to be centred on my Unoist approach to Marxian economics. While willing to cooperate with him in that project, I was not confident from the beginning that I would be able to produce a satisfac- tory result for him. For I am not the type of person who has ready-made answers to questions that are typically thrown at him/her on the spur of the moment. Nevertheless, we thoroughly enjoyed meeting with each other and got along very well in our personal exchange of views on the subject matter. When he was about to leave Tokyo, I asked him to write down on paper a series of questions that he would have liked to ask me, which would give me the chance to elaborate upon. I thus obtained a series of wonderfully worded and exquisitely phrased questions that would have given me only delight and pleasure to answer. I have revisited these questions over the years and have had time to consider them against the progress my life-long research on Uno’s approach to economics has made since then. I now have a fully extended, more mature version of what makes economics an “objective” knowledge. In both parts, but especially in the first, I made use of the delightful phrasing that my American friend originally employed in posing his apt questions to me. I am grateful for his allowing me to reproduce once again some of his superb style of language in this book
Inter-firm Networks Coordination Through Board and Department Interlocks - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Firms do not interact only through prices, quantity or quality: rather they employ many other ways to coordinate their behavior. However, it is still rather unclear under which circumstances the mix of different ways is built, neither the relative relevance of each of them. What is sure is that one of such ways is through sharing a director between boards of related companies: this is the phenomenon named interlocking directorates or, more recently, board interlock (BINT), known since long, but still deserving a lot of attention. Actually, this is a form of coordination which occurs at a company’s highest level, because boards decide—or at least address to—the strategic behavior. There are indeed many reasons to share a director, reasons that do neither always nor intentionally deal with strategic issues. However, whatever they are, the effects of board interlock always impact, to a more or less extent, the sphere of strategies. Further, and more noteworthy, more or less intentionally and extensively, they imply some form of knowledge creation and sharing, espe- cially under its tacit form. In fact, what should actually be done when one sits in a board and how to perform this is not a task so precisely defined: its concrete execution depends primarily and essentially on the personal characteristics of each involved director and on various organization-specific circumstances. Hence, this is the conceptual perspective applied into this book: Board interlocks are inter-firm coordination forms that channel strategic knowledge, which is a resource particu- larly precious in innovation-based industries, and one becoming progressively more important also in all other industries. Due to these characteristics, the main research streams employed in this work are the four following: board interlocks, knowledge networks, inter-firm networks and Social Network Analysis (hereafter, SNA) as the main methodological approach.
Education and Economic Development - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The foundation of present-day society is based on human resources as a key element for growth and based on education for economic and social prosperity. It has become a true fact that current development relies heav- ily on education and culture as a business model, some communities hav- ing their own internalized ways, while other cultures provide for a more open society. Consequently, education in modern society has become a field of study as well as an object of study for teachers, economists, soci- ologists, and many other researchers. The progress of a society, considered from both an economic and a social perspective, is accomplished by acquir- ing knowledge allowing the human potential to be used in the best pos- sible way in various conditions. Education stands for the foundation of a free and open society, the cornerstone of a powerful and sound state. From a professional point of view, education represents the key foundation of human resource develop- ment worldwide. Globally, society itself heads continuously toward a knowledge-based economy, where education and performance are con- stantly judged against performance indexes, as well as a comparison index, among countries. Numbers and narratives lead to the transformation and valorization of strategic resources based on innovation, learning, and chang
New Perspectives and Paradigms in Applied Economics and Business - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface Due to the global situation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2022 6th Inter- national Conference on Applied Economics and Business (ICAEB 2022), which was planned to be held in Stockholm, Sweden, during August 24–26, was held as a hybrid conference during the same time period. The decision to hold the conference in hybrid mode was made in compliance with many restrictions and regulations that were imposed by countries around the globe. Such restrictions were made to mini- mize the risk of people contracting or spreading the COVID-19 through physical contact
آیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.