موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Taxing Choices for Managing Natural Resources, the Environment, and Global Climate Change - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This book presents fiscal system reform perspectives to protect the local and global environment and preserve and sustain natural resources. Strategies and practices to manage and sharing of revenues from natural resources are highlighted. Alternative economic instruments such as carbon taxes, elimination of energy subsidies, and tradable permits to combat global climate change are examined. In addition, the roles of various orders of government in managing, taxing, and sharing natural resources in selected federal countries are documented to highlight the impact of such division of responsibilities in preserving natural resources and the environment. Finally, reform options to achieve integrity in oil and gas operations are highlighted
The Coronavirus Pandemic and Inequality - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: his book has been a long time in the making. It was first conceived in the summer of 2020 at which time few people expected a pandemic of the length we have experienced, dealing with a virus that is so efficient in morphing into ever more transmissible variants. Much of the world, including Europe, the United States, and Australia, now seems to have reached a point where COVID-19 is beginning to be regarded as endemic with occasional upticks, much like the annual influenza epidemics with which we have all learned to live. However, since we are not really out of the woods yet with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially as vaccination rates in many parts of the world are well below where they need to be, this book can only be a provisional assessment of the effects and response to the coronavirus pandemic. It is an attempt to summarize and take stock of where many countries in the world stand as of October 2022
Finance Capitalism and Income Inequality in the Contemporary Global Economy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Rising inequality in income distribution is one of the most persistent global challenges, widespread not only in low- and middle-income coun- tries but also in industrialised ones. There is an increasingly alarming sta- tistics on wealth and income disparity as, for instance, four consecutive Oxfam reports have witnessed. Thus, in 2015 the wealthiest 62 individuals owned as much wealth as 3.6 billion people compared with 388 individu- als in 2010. Their wealth had increased from 2010 by 44% or $542 billion, while the wealth of the bottom 50% of the world’s population dropped by 41%, or over one trillion dollars (Oxfam, 2016). By 2016, just eight mostly white men possessed the same amount of wealth as the poorest half of the global population and the richest 1% controlled more wealth than the rest of the globe. Between 1988 and 2011 the incomes of the poorest decile rose by less than $3 a year compared with a 182-fold increase of the richest 1% (Oxfam, 2017). In 12 months of 2017 the incomes of the world’s elite increased by $762 billion which was enough to eradicate extreme poverty seven times over. Between 2006 and 2015 worker income rose by an aver- age of just 2% a year compared with a 13% increase for billionaires per year. In 2017, top 1% earners received 82% of all growth in global wealth, whereas the poorest half of the world population did not benefit at al
The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Joan (Juan) Martinez-Alier has been a pioneer in ecological economics. In addition to being one of the founding editors of the journal Ecological Economics, he con- tributed enormously to its theoretical development, as well as to uncovering and explaining its foundations in the history of economic thought. As if that were not enough, he served as president of the International Society for Ecological Economics, as professor and mentor of many European students in this new field at the University of Barcelona and as a social activist for ecological justice all over the world. Back in the mid-1960s, I read something he had written that impressed me, and I wrote him about it. Later while attending a conference in Barcelona, I managed to meet him briefly. Our friendship grew at early conferences on ecological economics in Stockholm and Barcelona and in Costa Rica. On a trip to the USA, he visited me at Louisiana State University, and later, I managed to get him as a consultant at the World Bank for a month, although neither his efforts nor mine had much influence on that institution. I regret that the Atlantic Ocean prevented more frequent and closer contact between us. Nevertheless, collegial friendship with Joan has been a great personal benefit to me, as it has also been to many others. His many intellec- tual and moral contributions are a gift to all ecological economists, and to the world. Felicidades y gracias, Joan!
Trevor Winchester Swan, Volume II - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: We now come to the first set of papers which made Trevor Swan famous. When Trevor Swan moved to the chair at the ANU he continued to dwell over the problems of internal and external balance which had been concerning him as an advisor to Prime Minister Menzies and even earlier when he was developing his econometric model of the Australian economy. In particular he was concerned that the very rapid immigra- tion programme, and the investment required to equip the newly arriving migrants would lead to excess demand in the economy and so create difficulties for policymakers in their attempts to achieve full employment, low inflation and a satisfactory outcome on the balance of payments (see Swan, 1949, 1950a, 1950c, 1950d). As early as November 1952, Swan wrote a paper, Simple Algebra (1952) which is included in this volume, for a meeting of economists at the Commonwealth (Central) Bank in Sydney addressing the issue of simultaneously achieving three objectives:
Understanding Economic Transitions - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Around 1990, about a quarter of the world’s population lived in middle-income socialist economies and another quarter in high-income and middle-income cap- italist economies. The remainder lived in low-income economies with varying admixtures of planning, markets, and informal exchange institutions. Forty years later, the remaining outposts of socialism are Cuba and North Korea, while a few others (mainly in the former states of the Soviet Union) wallow in the no man’s land of neither functional capitalism nor socialism. The USSR sustained seven decades of statist socialism between 1922 and 1992, Central Eastern Europe (CE) and Southeastern Europe (SEE) for nearly five decades, and China for a little over three decades. By 2000, nearly all have systemically “transitioned” from a centrally-planned economy to some form of a decentrally organized market economy. How and why large parts of Europe, Eurasia, and East Asia transitioned out of the capitalist system in 1917–1952, how they managed to industrialize in non-market settings, and how and why they came back to the capitalist fold are questions comparative economic systems seek to address. Furthermore, this wrenching structural change entailed a concomitant political transition from a monoparty system to an illiberal multiparty system in formerly socialist Europe and the former Soviet Union (FSU). Comparative Economic Systems (CES) focuses on the workings of institu- tional economic mechanisms across economic systems and income levels. CES, at the macro-, meso-, and micro-levels, dwells on the two foundations of an economic system: ownership types for productive assets (state vs. private) and the degree of centralization of decision-making over resource allocation and income distribu- tion (plan vs. market). The conceptual entry points are incentives (known rewards or residual legatee rights) and the sources of discipline (bureaucratic-based or market-based competition). More broadly, Comparative Economics (CE), which is broader than CES, melds the study of economic systems with historical insti- tutionalism and development economics to explore the determinants of prosperity and inequality properties over time and across economic space within a given economic system
Food Security in the Economy of the Futur - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Computerized agricultural machinery has simplified and improved the comfort of agricultural labor, providing a significant increase in produc- tivity and production capacity. Internet-based e-commerce has optimized value chains in the agro-industrial sector. State Internet monitoring of the activities of agricultural enterprises has increased the accountability of their activities and the effectiveness of the agricultural policy. As digital agriculture took shape in the late twentieth and early twenty- first centuries, it successfully addressed key food security issues of the time. Countries have had the opportunity to implement ambitious food security doctrines and cover the entire population with nutrition security moni- toring programs. The then-existing demand for food was temporarily covered. However, the situation has changed dramatically as new global challenges to food security have emerged
algrave Studies in Agricultural Economics and Food Policy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The key questions which underpin the writing of this collective volume revolve around the concept of resilience and the contribution that this concept plays in the international development agenda, specifically in rela- tion to the issue of food security. Put simply: what does resilience bring that is relevant, useful and different from other previous or contem- porary concepts that have shaped the food security agenda, such as entitlements (Sen, 1981), vulnerability
Rethinking Economics Starting from the Commons Towards an Economics of Francesco - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: What would happen if the economics courses taught in universities focused on the topic of the commons rather than of private goods? What if the former became the main subject of study and the latter the exception in the study of economic science? What if social business, rather than being considered a hybrid form, became the typical approach, with ethical and green finance taking over the financial sector? Is it possible to move away from the primacy of consumers to the preeminence of ethical consumers who express their daily preferences for an inclusive, sustainable, and worker-friendly economic system? These and other questions are the basis of this book, which aims to systematize the academic contribution to the development of the Economy of Francesco (henceforth EOF). EOF is a global movement of young (under 35 years) economists, entrepreneurs, and changemakers who, in 2019, answered Pope Francis’ call to gather in Assisi to rethink and change the global economy. The three pillars of the EOF are Pope Francis, with his social and economic magisterium; the Franciscan economic thought of the late Middle Ages, which is a source of precious knowledge with which to imagine a new economy; and the ideas of the young people thinking, working, and living a new economy. EOF is also a forum for youth-driven inclusive dialogue, stimulating a vibrant global change toward a new economic system, one that should serve everyone, regardless of income, gender, race, class, family, or background, and one in which everyone can thrive and feel included. To achieve this goal, EOF has been structured since the very beginning along 12 thematic “villages,” i.e., working sessions rooted in topics critical for today’s economy. Each thematic village contains a tension in its title, representing the already contemporary eco- nomic systems and the not-yet economy for which the movement advocates (i.e., Agriculture and Justice, Work and Care, Co2 of Inequalities, Women for Economy, Policies and Happiness, and many more)
Capitalism at a Crossroads A New Reset? - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Introduction Ali Ari Abstract Over the last three decades, the world economy has faced several complex and interrelated problems such as global climate change, food and energy scarcity, rising inequality, poverty, and more frequent and severe financial and economic crises. However, the capitalist system has been struggling to bring responses to those increasing problems and uncertainty. This has generated lively debates on the sustainability of the liberal capitalist economic system. Therefore, this book aims first to assess current problems of the world economy from a theoretical and empirical perspective, then to propose plausible answers from different points of view to restore the capitalist economic system. Keywords Capitalism · Sustainability · Growth · Climate change · Global warming · Agriculture · Energy · Inequality · Debt · Financial crises · Financialization · Poverty · Trade wars · COVID-19 · Political crises · Economic security · Artificial intelligence · Technological change · Great reset · Degrowth · Green deals · Solidarity economy · Balance of power · Smart citiesآیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.