CHAPTER 1 Introduction In February 2016, one of Spain’s leading newspapers, El País, published a story about Villa 31, one of the biggest slums in the center of the city of Buenos Aires, with this headline: “The misery that is impossible to hide in the center of Buenos Aires” (La Nación 2017). Paradoxically, in October of the same year, that headline became an opportunity for the mayor of Buenos Aires, Rodríguez Larreta, to announce a monumental redevelopment plan that would profoundly change the city’s social fabric and urban form: the urbanization of Villa 31 and its social integration with the rest of the city.1 At the Habitat III Regional Conference held in Ecuador in 2016, Rodriguez Larreta explained: “I want an integrated city, in which everyone can have the same rights and responsibilities... a city without slums, integrated from north to south” (La Nación 2016, my translation). This urban plan—incomplete at the time of writing—has become the central pillar of Buenos Aires’s urban redevelopment agenda. In September 2012, during his second year as mayor of Chicago, and as part of a commitment to revitalize “underutilized” lands and former industrial areas on the city’s southwest side, Rahm Emanuel publicly announced that he aimed to: “‘Return these areas to active, producti
چکیده فارسی
فصل 1 مقدمه در فوریه 2016، یکی از روزنامه های برجسته اسپانیا، El País، داستانی را در مورد ویلا 31، یکی از بزرگترین محله های فقیر نشین در مرکز شهر بوئنوس آیرس، با این عنوان منتشر کرد: "بدبختی که پنهان شدن در مرکز بوئنوس آیرس غیرممکن است» (La Nación 2017). به طرز متناقضی، در اکتبر همان سال، آن تیتر فرصتی شد برای شهردار بوئنوس آیرس، رودریگز لارتا، تا یک طرح بازسازی عظیم را اعلام کند که بافت اجتماعی و شکل شهری شهر را عمیقاً تغییر خواهد داد: شهرنشینی ویلا 31 و اجتماعی آن. ادغام با بقیه شهر.1 در کنفرانس منطقه‌ای Habitat III که در اکوادور در سال 2016 برگزار شد، رودریگز لارتا توضیح داد: «من شهری یکپارچه می‌خواهم که در آن همه بتوانند حقوق و مسئولیت‌های یکسانی داشته باشند... شهری بدون زاغه‌ها، از شمال به جنوب یکپارچه شده است» (La Nación 2016، ترجمه من). این طرح شهری - در زمان نگارش ناقص - به ستون مرکزی برنامه توسعه شهری بوئنوس آیرس تبدیل شده است. رحم امانوئل در سپتامبر 2012، در دومین سالی که شهردار شیکاگو بود، و به عنوان بخشی از تعهد به احیای زمین‌های «کم استفاده» و مناطق صنعتی سابق در جنوب غربی شهر، علناً اعلام کرد که قصد دارد: «این مناطق را به فعال، تولیدی
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Carolina Sternberg
Department of Latin American
and Latino Studies
DePaul University
Chicago, IL, USA
ISBN 978-3-031-21717-3 ISBN 978-3-031-21718-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21718-0
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