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The Man Who Understood Democracy - Epub + Converted PDF
The Man Who Understood Democracy - Epub + Converted PDF
نویسندگان: Olivier Zunz خلاصه: Go back in time. Examine the babe when still in its mother’s arms. See the external world reflected for the first time in the still-dark mirror of his intelligence. Contemplate the first models to make an impression on him. Listen to the words that first awaken his dormant powers of thought. Take note, finally, of the first battles he is obliged to fight. Only then will you understand where the prejudices, habits, and passions that will dominate his life come from. In a manner of speaking, the whole man already lies swaddled in his cradle.1 Alexis de Tocqueville made these observations in Democracy in America to explain his rationale for studying America’s “point of departure.” Of course, the beginning is also where the biographer must start. For the young Tocqueville, that external world was dominated by figures from the highest military and administrative nobility of the Ancien Régime, survivors of the Revolutionary Terror, loyal to the exiled Bourbons, and dead set against the liberal views Tocqueville himself would eventually embrace. Presaging this divergence, Tocqueville displayed considerable independence of mind at an early age, and he repeatedly flouted expectations. At the same time, he developed the habit of casting doubt on much of what he did and saw
Assistive Technologies and Environmental Interventions in Healthcare - Original PDF
Assistive Technologies and Environmental Interventions in Healthcare - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Lynn Gitlow, Kathleen Flecky خلاصه: The changes we have all seen in technology and corre spondingly with assistive technology in the past 10 years are mind‐boggling. Futurist and inventor Ray Kurzweil (2000) stated early in the twenty‐first century that com puters are 100 million times more powerful than they were 50 years ago. The exponential growth of computer capacity that Kurzweil and others predicted in the late 1990s continues to advance and has the potential for improving all aspects of life (Diamandis and Kotler 2014). These exponential changes in technology make it hard to keep up with the latest innovations. For example, one of the chapter authors worked in an assistive technology laboratory in which serial port add‐ons to computers evolved into Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports rendering the former connections and their attachments obsolete within in less than five years. Currently, com puters no longer come with disk drives and all of the software one needs to load on the computer comes from the cloud. Vicente (2006) stated, “... more and more technology is being foisted upon us at a faster and faster pace” (p. 13). In addition, technology is clearly a necessary part of our lives. For many of us, it is difficult to remember a time when cell phones, laptops, or navigation devices were not available to those who could afford it. Furthermore, the convergence of multiple technologies into a single, small, handheld device such as a smart phone is common as part of our work and personal experiences
Bodily Subjects Essays on Gender and Health, 1800–2000 - PDF
Bodily Subjects Essays on Gender and Health, 1800–2000 - PDF
نویسندگان: racy Penny Light, Barbara Brookes, and Wendy Mitchinson خلاصه: Constant good health is a chimera: the thing we all want, don’t notice when we have it, and mourn when we lose it. Being “healthy” is also something that women and men “do” in different ways. 1 The authors in Bodily Subjects all explore the historical entanglement between gender and health to expose how women and men “did” health in a variety of locations, from the nineteenth-century English Poor Law Union of Stourbridge, an early twentieth-century Aboriginal reserve in Queensland, Australia, to A I D S activists on the streets of Toronto in the 1990s. Our volume takes as its subject how gender is integral to the understanding of health and the way its meaning is embedded in cul- tural contexts connected to place and time. Our title reflects the way in which the body is both a subject of inquiry and a phenomenological experience. There is no “I” without a body and that body, Foucault has argued, is subject to regimes of power. 2 The title, Bodily Subjects, then, should be read in two ways. First, it re- fers to the embodied meanings of health for men and women and how these have expanded over time, from an able body signifying health in the nineteenth century to concepts of “well-being,” a psychological interpretation, which came to dominate health discourse in Western countries by the late twentieth century. Second, it refers to the way in which ill health turns individuals into subjects of the medical gaze. Medical expertise is brought to bear in diagnosing and treating indi- viduals in ways that are seen through the lens of gender
Construction Management JumpStart The Best First Step Toward a Career in Construction Management (3rd Edition) - Original PDF
Construction Management JumpStart The Best First Step Toward a Career in Construction Management (3rd Edition) - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Barbara J. Jackson خلاصه: Introduction Congratulations! You are about to embark on an adventure. This book is about the processes, the people, and the practices that we call construction management—a term and a profession that may be unfamiliar to many people. Construction, as most individuals understand it, is an activity or a series of activities that involves some craftspeople, building materials, tools, and equip- ment. But you will learn that there is a great deal more to it than that. If you think that construction is all about brawn and not much about brains, then you probably haven’t been paying very close attention to what has been going on in the built environment in the past several decades. Buildings today can be very complicated, and the building process has become extremely demanding. It takes savvy professional talent to orchestrate all of the means and methods needed to accomplish the building challenge. This book’s focus is not on construction per se. Its focus is on the construction process and those individuals who manage that process. Construction manage- ment involves the organization, coordination, and strategic effort applied to the construction activities and the numerous resources needed to achieve the building objective. Construction management combines both the art and science of building technology along with the essential principles of business, management, computer technology, and leadership. Construction management as a profession is a relatively new concept, which may explain why you have not heard of it before. Up until the 1960s, the management tasks associated with large construction projects were typically handled by civil engineers. But in 1965, faculty from nine universities gathered in Florida to form the Associated Schools of Construction. What started as a movement to upgrade the status of construction education at universities evolved into a standardized construction management curriculum leading to an exciting new career choice, one for which there was increasing demand. Men and women who love the idea of transforming a lifeless set of plans and specifications into something real—a single-family home, a high-rise office building, a biotech facility, a super highway, or a magnificent suspension bridge—had found an educational program that provided both the academic course work and the practical management tools needed to plan, organize, and coordinate the increas- ingly complex construction process. If you are one of the many individuals who desire the intellectual challenges of architecture, engineering, technology, and business, yet long to be outside in the thick of things, getting your hands dirty and ultimately producing a tangible result—something of lasting value—then construction management might just be the ticket for you
Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media by Chuan-Yu Wu - Original PDF
Discrete Element Modelling of Particulate Media by Chuan-Yu Wu - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Chuan-Yu Wu خلاصه: In numerical simulations of dense two-phase flow involving particulate materials the Discrete Element Method (DEM) has proved particularly effective in capturing the complex hydrodynamics of the solid phase. 1 DEM-based granular solid dynamics, including collisions and persistent contact with elaborate force-displacement laws, friction and cohesion have shown to be superior to traditional fluid-like, continuum approaches, which typically require coarse approximations and the introduction of artificial variables like solids pressure and viscosity. However, computational limitations of DEM models do not allow adding also the burden of flow simulations resolved at the level of particle-particle interstices, so that typically an averaged scale approach, with computational cell sizes of the order of a few particle diameters, is used. 2 .3 As a consequence, formulations of the drag force acting on individual particles are required to close the set of equations to solve for the solid and fluid phases. While many drag force models for monodisperse systems have been proposed in the literature, as discussed below, expressions for such force on a particle in a multi-particle system is currently the subject of extensive research work
Ecologies of Socialisms - Original PDF
Ecologies of Socialisms - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Germany, Nature, and the Left in History, Politics, and Culture خلاصه: Eli Rubin and Scott Moranda Introduction Is Germany the “Greenest nation” as Frank Uekötter has provocatively asked?1 Forget the Berlin Wall, forget the Cold War, World War II, the Nazis, the Holocaust, the Kaiserreich, and forget the storied history of the Social Democratic Party – the SPD. Germany is now the nation of separated trash, solar panels and wind power. The only Wende people talk about now, in relation to Germany, is the Energiewende. And perhaps, that is part of the point. The Energiewende provides for a national identity that generates warm, positive press and seemingly avoids the more divisive and troubling aspects of past markers of Germanness. Even if the reality of the “greenest nation” is more complicated, it is undeniable that Germany has been at the center of the global history of environmentalism. Scientific conservation had deep roots among the forest- ers, urban planners, and other technical experts of Wilhelmine Germany who had outsized influence on Progressive reformers in the United States and British civil servants across their Empire.2 German-speakers also shaped Romanticism, ecology, and notions of holistic interconnectedness, most importantly in the figure of Alexander von Humboldt, whose Kosmos had a global influence.
Experimental Design in Psychology Ninth Edition A Case Approach - Original PDF
Experimental Design in Psychology Ninth Edition A Case Approach - Original PDF
نویسندگان: M. Kimberly MacLin خلاصه: PART I Basic Principles in Experimental Design Some people dread taking the research methods course required for most psychology majors. I’m not sure of all the reasons why, but for many they fear the course. It often has a lab compo- nent; at some universities it is worth more credit than regular content courses. It simply often has the reputation of being “hard.” Instead, for a moment, consider that research methods is exciting! It provides you the tools to be able to conduct your own research. Finally, you are in charge and you can study what you want to know. You are explorer, scientist, puzzle solver. The frst half of this book (Part I) introduces to you the basics of scientifc inquiry, including what science is and how psychological science is a subset of it. We’ll discuss how to distinguish between facts, theories, and speculation and how each are useful for developing research questions. We’ll cover the basics of the scientifc method, the specifcs of experimental design, and a review of other non-experimental research methods (so you know when it is appropriate to choose the experiment). You will be given insight into how to fnd and read the literature in psychology as well as how to plan, design, and carry out research. We will also cover the rules and procedures designed to ensure sound, ethical, and meaningful research. Throughout this material, you’ll be exposed to examples from the psychological literature that will allow you to see concepts and principles as they play out in real research studies. And in one particu- lar chapter (Chapter 7) you’ll be prompted to critically analyze experimental designs that have conceptual or technical faws. Being sensitive to mistakes will help you avoid them yourself
Exporting the European Convention on Human Rights - Original PDF
Exporting the European Convention on Human Rights - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Maria-Louiza Deftou خلاصه: As for the right to protect one’s private and family life, as enshrined in Article 8 ECHR, the CJEU provided the very first explicit reference to the ECHR in Rutili v Minister for the Interior�53 In casu, the Convention was conceived as a source of inspiration as well as a human rights standard for determining the legality and legitimacy of the acts of Member States applying EU law. Therefore, the CJEU applied the ECHR as a clear human rights standard to also interpret the ‘public policy’ exception to the free movement of workers, justifying Member States to restrict this freedom only to the extent authorised by the ECHR, that is, when it is necessary for the protection of the interests of national security or public safety ‘in a democratic society’.54 This landmark case illustrates how the CJEU has progres- sively shaped its autonomous human rights case law, inspired, though, by the ECHR and by the common constitutional traditions of EU Member States.55 The Luxembourg Court established a much broader human rights review over their actions and paved the way for a much clearer reference to the Convention’s provi- sions as a material source of EU legal order, rather than a source of inspiration.56 Nonetheless, besides the consensus in this field, conflicts and inconsistencies between the two European jurisdictions have not been sidestepped. The main preoccupation of the following section is thus to unveil the extent to which the CJEU has directly referred to ECHR norms to protect private and family life57 with regard to the most controversial fields of data protection and migration/ asylum cases.
Housing Policy in the United States Fourth Editio - Original PDF
Housing Policy in the United States Fourth Editio - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Alex F. Schwartz خلاصه: 1 Introduction In its preamble to the 1949 Housing Act, Congress declared its goal of “a decent home in a suit- able living environment for every American family.” In the more than 60 years since this legisla- tion was passed, the federal government has helped fund the construction and rehabilitation of more than 5 million housing units for low-income households and provided rental vouchers to nearly 2 million additional families. Yet, the nation’s housing problems remain acute. In 2017, 44.7 million households lived in physically deficient housing, spent 30 percent or more of their income on housing, or were homeless (U.S. Census Bureau 2018; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 2018). Put differently, about 113 million Americans—around 35 per- cent of the nation’s population and more than triple the 28.5 million lacking health insurance in 2017 (Berchick, Hood, & Barnett 2018)—confronted serious housing problems or had no housing at all.1 This book tells the story of how the United States has tried to address the nation’s housing problems. It looks at the primary policies and programs designed to make decent and affordable housing available to Americans of modest means. It examines the strengths and weaknesses of these policies and programs and the challenges that still remain. The book takes a broad view of housing policy, focusing not only on specific housing subsidy programs, such as public housing, but also on the federal income tax code and regulations affecting mortgage lending, land use decisions, real estate transactions, and other activities integral to the housing market. Some of these broader aspects of housing policy provide financial incentives for investments in affordable housing, others attempt to make housing available to low-income and minority households and communities by penalizing discriminatory practices and through other regulatory interventions. Put simply, then, this book is about policies and programs designed to help low-income and other disadvantaged individuals and households access decent and affordable housing. It examines programs and policies that subsidize housing for low-income households or that attempt to break down institutional barriers, such as discriminatory practices in the real estate industry that impede access to housing. The book is intended to be a general overview of housing policy. It is beyond its scope to delve deeply into programmatic details or to cover all aspects of the field in equal depth. The focus is on federal and, to a lesser degree, state and local programs and policies that subsidize housing for low-income households or otherwise attempt to make housing accessible to this population. Much less attention is given to policies concerned with the physical aspects of housing, such as design standards and building regulations—except when they are explicitly employed to promote affordable housing. The book does not examine in detail the operation of housing markets or pro- vide a comprehensive legislative history of housing policy.
Integral Waterproofing of Concrete Structures - Original PDF
Integral Waterproofing of Concrete Structures - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Maher Al-Jabari خلاصه: Concrete is the most popular construction material, which has a widespread range of structural applications, under numerous environmental conditions and under various levels and types of mechanical loads. It is used in buildings, infrastruc- tures, dams etc. Its suitability and durability require a set of mechanical, physi- cal, and chemical characteristics in order to extend its service life. Concrete durability is defined according to Concrete Terminology by American Concrete Institute (ACI) [1], as “the ability of concrete to resist weathering action, chemi- cal attack, abrasion, and other conditions of service.” This performance is simply based on concrete chemistry. Concrete durability properties are determined by its chemical structure and porosity. These structural characteristics are determined by cement components and their reactions with water. Understanding concrete durability problems and solutions requires a sufficient knowledge about concrete chemistry.

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