موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Synthetic Polymers for Biotechnology and Medicine - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: One of the most powerful group of chemicals in the body are organic compounds collectively referred to as hormones. The glands responsible for the production and release of hormones comprise the endocrine system. Endocrine activities have been identified in certain organs, such as the heart, kidneys, duodenum, liver and the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas (which contains the insulin gland), which are normally associated with other system functions. There have been numerous attempts to replace organ function using cell transplantation including direct injections of dissociated cells into organs such as the liver, kidney or spleen.1-5 Subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes have also been evaluated.6-10 More recent investigations have applied extracellular matrix polymers as structural supports for cell transplantation and immunoprotection.11,12 Potential medical applications of such “artificial cells” or “tissue engineered” organoids include an extracorporeal bioartificial liver for detoxification,2 artificial red blood substitutes,13 the extracorporeal artificial kidney for hemodialysis,14 immunosorbents15 and drug delivery systems.16The transplantation of immunoisolated (microencapsulated) cells represents another emerging area in biotechnology research and commercialization. Under such a scenario, the encapsulated cells, which could be a xenograft, would be hidden from the immune system of the body, but would still be able to respond to extracellular stimuli (e.g., blood glucose), with the required hormone, in the case of diabetes therapy insulin, secreted into the systemic circulation. Other applications of the microencapsulation concept include the encapsulation of genetically modified cells, which represents a novel approach to somatic gene therapy.17 This chapter will review recent advances in cell encapsulation from material science, technological and tissue-related perspectives. Cell coating, microencapsulation devices and bioartificial organs will be discussed with the artificial pancreas and treatment of diabetes used as a case study denominator throughout the review.
Nanocomposites of Polymers and Inorganic Particles - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This chapter deals with composites comprised of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles of rather uniform shape. Such composites are attributed to the class of nanocomposites because of the small size of the embedded particles, while the polymer phase is continuous. The attribution of particles to the class of nanoparticles is somewhat arbitrary; often particles of dimensions up to 50–100 nm are assigned to this notion, and expressions such as nanosized particles, colloids, or, occasionally, ultrafine particles are also used to designate particles as nanoparticles. The small size of the incorporated particles can induce materials properties which differ from those of related composites containing larger particles, for example, as a result of an extremely large interface area, which can readily amount to 107–109 m2 in a cube meter of nanocomposite, or a markedly reduced scattering of visible light. The latter is important if transparent or translucent materials are required for optical applications. This intensity loss of transmitted light by scattering can be estimated with the equation
Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This work explores the use of composite nanotechnology for thin coatings on various substrates. It compiles recent advances in nanocomposite coatings for experienced researchers and provides background information for those new to the field. The book not only explains the synthesis of bulk nanocomposite materials, it describes their application in areas such as the automotive and packaging industries. It explains how nanocomposite coatings provide a gas barrier to the substrate foil or laminate and how the coatings are used to provide properties such as anti-scratch and anti-corrosion.
Adhesives, Sealants, and Coatings for Space and Harsh Environments - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: New technologies constantly generate new demands for exotic materials to be used in severe environments. The rapid developments of aerospace industries during the last two decades have required new materials to survive extreme high and low temperatures and various radiations. The exploration of new energy sources, e.g., solar and geothermal, has led us to develop new solar collectors and geothermal devices. Even the search for new oils has demanded that we study the corrosive environment of oil fields. In the telecommunication industries, optical fibers have been adopted broadly to replace metallic conductors. However, none of the optical fibers can survive abrasion or corrosion without the application of a coating material. For microelectronics, protection in terms of coatings and encapsulants is deemed necessary to prevent corrosion. One of the major causes of corrosion has been shown to be water which appears to be abundant in our earthly environments. Water can attack the bulk adhesive (or sealant), the interface, or the adherend. Water can also cause delamination of coating film, and it is definitely the major ingredient in causing cathodic or anodic corrosion. Thus, water becomes the major obstacle in solving durability problems of various materials in harsh environments.
Synthetic Metal Containing Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The development of the field of synthetic metal-containing polymers - where metal atoms form an integral part of the main chain or side group structure of a polymer - aims to create new materials which combine the processability of organic polymers with the physical or chemical characteristics associated with the metallic element or complex. This book covers the major developments in the synthesis, properties, and applications of synthetic metal-containing macromolecules, and includes chapters on the preparation and characterization of metal-containing polymers, metallocene-based polymers, rigid-rod organometallic polymers, coordination polymers, polymers containing main group metals, and also covers dendritic and supramolecular systems. The book describes both polymeric materials with metals in the main chain or side group structure and covers the literature up to the end of 2002.
Characterization of Spin Coated Polymers in Nano-environments as a Function of Film Thickness - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This thesis describes the behavior of ultrathin polymer films supported on a silicon wafer substrate. Two separate studies have been performed: the first focuses on the viscoelastic cooperativity of thin films, and the second concentrates on the morphological behavior of polymer brush films. Industrial use of thin films has increased for several reasons including the development of ever-smaller electronic devices. As applications of polymers become smaller and thinner, the behavior of polymer chains in these confined geometries needs to be understood. Many aspects need to be probed such as the effect of molecular weight, thermal degradation, and the adhesion properties. In the first study, one characterization scheme, cooperativity, was chosen to summarize the influence of the small scale on polymer behavior. The theory of cooperativity focuses on polymer chain interactions and relates those interactions to macroscopic behavior. This research looks specifically at the well-defined system of polymethyl methacrylate and silicon to understand better how cooperativity reveals polymeric behavior in thin films
Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Inorganic polymers contain elements other than carbon as part of their principal backbone structure and are known to exhibit a wide range of composition and structure. Emphasizing physical properties, chemical synthesis, and characterization of inorganic polymers, Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers presents valuable and informative coverage of the field.With numerous examples of real-world practical applications and end-of-chapter exercises, Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers is suitable for use as a text in special topics in organic and polymer chemistry courses. The book features useful sections on: * Classification schemes for inorganic polymers * Synthesis of inorganic polymers, including step-growth syntheses, chain polymerizations, ring-opening polymerizations, and reductive coupling reactions * Practical inorganic polymer chemistry topics such as polymer elastomers, dental and medical polymers, lubricants, lithographic resists, pre-ceramics, and more
Practical Guide to High Performance Engineering Plastics - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: High performance engineering plastics are used in a vast range of applications and environments. They are becoming increasingly important because of trends towards more reliable and higher performance machines and devices. This book gives readers a working knowledge and understanding of high performance engineering plastics. It starts with a simple, practical overview of key properties and principles. In each of the chapters there are sections on production chemistry, product forms, properties, processing and applications. There is a strong bias towards materials and concepts which are used in practice. The materials covered include high performance Polyethersulfones, Polyetherimides, Polyphthalamides, Polyphenylene Sulfide, Polyaryletherketones, Polyamideimides, Polyimides, Polybenzimidazole, Liquid Crystalline Polyesters and Perfluoropolymers. The reader will develop the ability to understand why materials are chosen for certain applications, why those materials have particular properties and how those properties can be modified. This will facilitate conversations with both materials suppliers and end users. It will help to identify the best and most cost effective solutions.
Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Composites - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This text, now in its second edition, offers an up-to-date, expanded treatment of the behaviour of polymers with regard to material variables and test and use conditions. It highlights general principles, useful empirical rules and practical equations; detailing the specific behaviour of many common polymers, the text: places emphasis on time and frequency dependence over temperature dependence; uses contemporary molecular mechanisms to explain creep, stress relaxation, constant strain rate responses and crazing; provides explicit equations to predict responses; supplies a discussion of large deformation multiaxial responses; compares statistical and continuum theories on the same data set; and updates stress-strain behavior and particulate filled systems.
Natural Polymers: Industry Techniques and Applications - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: This book introduces the most recent innovations in natural polymer applications in the food, construction, electronics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and engineering industries. The authors provide perspectives from their respective range of industries covering classification, extraction, modification, and application of natural polymers from various sources in nature. They discuss the techniques used in analysis of natural polymers in various systems incorporating natural polymers as well as their intrinsic properties.آیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.