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High temperature strain of metals and alloys: physical fundamentals - Original PDF
High temperature strain of metals and alloys: physical fundamentals - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Valim Levitin خلاصه: Creep and fatigue are the most prevalent causes of rupture in superalloys, which are important materials for industrial usage, e.g. in engines and turbine blades in aerospace or in energy producing industries. As temperature increases, atom mobility becomes appreciable, affecting a number of metal and alloy properties. It is thus vital to find new characterization methods that allow an understanding of the fundamental physics of creep in these materials as well as in pure metals. Here, the author shows how new in situ X-ray investigations and transmission electron microscope studies lead to novel explanations of high-temperature deformation and creep in pure metals, solid solutions and superalloys. This unique approach is the first to find unequivocal and quantitative expressions for the macroscopic deformation rate by means of three groups of parameters: substructural characteristics, physical material constants and external conditions. Creep strength of the studied up-to-date single crystal superalloys is greatly increased over conventional polycrystalline superalloys. From the contents: - Macroscopic characteristics of strain at high temperatures - Experimental equipment and technique of in situ X-ray investigations - Experimental data and structural parameters in deformed metals - Subboundaries as dislocation sources and obstacles - The physical mechanism of creep and the quantitative structural model - Simulation of the parameters evolution - System of differential equations - High-temperature deformation of industrial superalloys - Single crystals of superalloys - Effect of composition, orientation and temperature on properties - Creep of some refractory metals For materials scientists, solid state physicists, solid state chemists, researchers and practitioners from industry sectors including metallurgical, mechanical, chemical and structural engineers.
Phase Transformations of Elements Under High Pressure - Original PDF
Phase Transformations of Elements Under High Pressure - Original PDF
نویسندگان: E. Yu Tonkov, E.G. Ponyatovsky خلاصه: The study of transformations of materials under high pressures promises to yield modifications with important applications in materials science and other fields including, by way of example, the dense metallic modification of hydrogen possessing extremely high superconducting properties. This work presents recent theoretical and experimental information gathered on phase diagrams of 96 elements. Data is presented on first- and second-phase transitions, melting lines, crystal structures of the stable and metastable phases, important phase properties such as the Curie and Neel temperature, and the superconducting temperature. Information is provided on elements' liquid state, amorphization, and metallization. Temperature-pressure diagrams are given for most of the elements.
Mossbauer analysis of the atomic and magnetic structure of alloys - Original PDF
Mossbauer analysis of the atomic and magnetic structure of alloys - Original PDF
نویسندگان: V V Ovchinnikov خلاصه: The monograph indicates the key problems that have to be solved for the further development of the Mossbauer methods for analysis of the nuclear and magnetic structure of alloys, and offer solution variants for some of these problems based on the generalised results of a wide range of theoretical and experimental investigations, including original work by the author of the book and his colleagues.
Understanding gut microbiomes as targets for improving pig gut health (Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 103)[2022] - Original PDF
Understanding gut microbiomes as targets for improving pig gut health (Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 103)[2022] - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Prof. Mick Bailey خلاصه: Understanding gut microbiomes as targets for improving pig gut health (Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 103) by Prof. Mick Bailey (Editor, Contributor), Emeritus Professor Chris Stokes (Editor, Contributor), Dr Laura Peachey (Contributor), Dr Sarah Lambton (Contributor), Dr Weilan Wang (Contributor), Dr Tingting Ju (Contributor), Prof Michael Gänzle (Contributor), Dr James T. Cullen (Contributor), Dr Peadar Lawlor (Contributor), Dr Gillian E. Gardiner (Contributor), Dr Thomas C. A. Hitch (Contributor), Dr David Wylensek (Contributor), Dr Jürgen Harlizius (Contributor), Prof Tom Clavel (Contributor), Dr Chunlong Mu (Contributor), Prof Weiyun Zhu (Contributor), Dr Marion Borey (Contributor), Dr Jordi Estelle (Contributor), Dr Claire Rogel-Gaillard (Contributor), Dr Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli (Contributor), Dr Barbara A. Williams (Contributor), Dr Michael J. Gidley (Contributor), Dr David Torrallardona (Contributor), Dr Joan Tarradas (Contributor), Dr Núria Tous (Contributor), Charlotte Lauridsen (Contributor), Dr Ole Højberg (Contributor), Dr Nuria Canibe (Contributor), Dr P. Bosi (Contributor), Dr D. Luise (Contributor), Dr P. Trevisi (Contributor), Dr Kim C. M. Lammers-Jannink (Contributor), Dr Stefanía Magnúsdóttir (Contributor), Dr Wilbert F. Pellikaan (Contributor), John R. Pluske (Contributor), Dr Walter J. J. Gerrits (Contributor)
The Concise Human Body Book:  An illustrated guide to its structure, function and disorders[2019] - Original PDF
The Concise Human Body Book: An illustrated guide to its structure, function and disorders[2019] - Original PDF
نویسندگان: DK خلاصه: The Concise Human Body Book: An illustrated guide to its structure, function and disorders by DK (Author)
The Endogenous Energy-Saving Technological Change in China’s Industrial Sector - Original PDF
The Endogenous Energy-Saving Technological Change in China’s Industrial Sector - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Xubo He خلاصه: Preface Decarbonization of the Chinese economy largely depends on the degree of decar- bonization of industry. Since improving energy efficiency and increasing energy R&D investment are arguably the chief drivers of the sustainable growth of the Chinese industry, this book attempts to study energy efficiency and energy R&D investment under one normalized economic model. By distinguishing between energy R&D investment and non-energy R&D investment and drawing on the paradigm of neoclassical economics, I start by clarifying the basic concept of energy- saving technological change (hereinafter referred to as “ESTC”) and the related endogenous mechanism, proceed to integrate under the existing endogenous growth model two different mechanisms whereby R&D heterogeneity affects energy effi- ciency, namely the effect of factor substitution and the effect of increased effective energy input, and finally build a framework of analysis and a mathematical model of R&D heterogeneity-based endogenous ESTC in industry. I analyze the model with the tools of competitive equilibrium, centrally planned equilibrium, and numerical simulation and empirically test the major assumptions of the model with industrial statistics and econometric analytical tools, namely the mixed data regression model, the panel data regression model, and the dynamic panel data regression model. This book focuses on how R&D heterogeneity influences endogenous ESTC in China’s industrial sectors and endeavors to answer the following questions: How does R&D heterogeneity bring about endogenous ESTC? How are the rates of ESTC in the industrial sectors estimated? What is the impact of R&D heterogeneity on the rates of ESTC in the industrial sectors? This book sets itself apart from other existing research by the following work and potentially innovative points
Wertschöpfung hybrid gestalten Geschäftsmodellentwicklung und Arbeitsgestaltung in der Digitalisierung - Original PDF
Wertschöpfung hybrid gestalten Geschäftsmodellentwicklung und Arbeitsgestaltung in der Digitalisierung - Original PDF
نویسندگان: ifaa – Institut für angewandte Arbeitswissenschaft e. V. خلاصه: V Vorwort Die fortschreitende vernetzte und intelligente Digitalisierung verändert bestehende Möglichkeiten und eröffnet neue Chancen, um Daten in Unternehmen wertschöpfend zu nutzen. Die daraus entstehenden Informationen können dazu beitragen, Kundinnen und Kunden innovative, datenbasierte Dienstleistungen zu bieten. Diese sogenannten Smart Services sind eine zusätzliche, hybride Wertschöpfung und helfen bspw. bei der Prozess- optimierung, Ressourceneinsparung und Planungseffizienz. In dem vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderten Projekt „AnGeWaNt – Arbeit an geeichten Waagen für hybride Wiegeleistungen an Nutz- fahrzeugen“ wurde die Entwicklung und Gestaltung hybrider Wertschöpfung durch ein breites Konsortium aus Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft erforscht. Von 2019 bis 2022 wurden drei Anwendungsbetriebe bei der Entwicklung und Pilotierung hybrider Geschäftsmodelle unterstützt. Hybridisierung erfordert Digitalisierung und geht einher mit Veränderungen in der Arbeitsgestaltung in den Betrieben. Insbesondere Prozesse und organisatorische Strukturen können sich durch die Hybridisierung verändern, sodass überprüft werden sollte, ob derzeitige Führungsleitlinien sowie Zusammenarbeit und Kompetenzen zukunftsfähig sind. Darauf aufbauend dient eine ganzheitliche, sozio- technische Gestaltung, bei der die Bedarfe von Führungskräften und Beschäftigten sowie die Rahmenbedingungen des Betriebs berücksichtigt werden, als Basis für die erfolg- reiche Implementierung hybrider Geschäftsmodelle. Diese Buchpublikation soll Unternehmen und weiteren Institutionen die Vorgehens- weise zur Entwicklung von hybriden Geschäftsmodellen sowie ihrer Umsetzung im Betrieb aufzeigen. Eine soziotechnische Gestaltung hybrider Wertschöpfung sowie ein geeigneter Umgang mit Veränderungen, welche durch Digitalisierung und Hybridisierung entstehen, werden aufgezeigt. Die in diesem Werk vorgestellten Inhalte und Ergebnisse basieren auf den im Projekt AnGeWaNt gesammelten Erfahrungen und liefern Ihnen Hinweise und Methoden, mit denen eine Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Gestaltung hybrider Geschäftsmodelle unterstützt wi
The Political Economy of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor - Original PDF
The Political Economy of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Bai Gao • Zhihong Zhen خلاصه: The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the pilot project of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This is China’s first government- to-government project with an aim to comprehensively promote the eco- nomic development of another country along the Silk Road. As China’s first overseas project with large-scale investment, CPEC has presented both the Chinese government and Chinese companies two major chal- lenges: not only must they undertake an adjustment process to situate themselves within the foreign political, economic, cultural, and religious environments, but they must implement CPEC projects via Pakistani insti- tutions and mechanisms which function under operational logics quite different from those at home. Analyzing the Chinese and Pakistani experi- ences during the early stage of CPEC can provide valuable insights that help us understand the political economy of the BRI
The Social City Space as Collaborative Media to Enhance the Value of the City - Original PDF
The Social City Space as Collaborative Media to Enhance the Value of the City - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Yasuhiro Kawahara • Saburo Saito • Junichi Suzuk خلاصه: Today, as cities worldwide are equipped with networks to implement the IoT, we can communicate seamlessly between the real and virtual worlds. With such an infra- structure, urban development and evaluation methods are entering a new phase. By grasping the ever-changing situation of the city and the behavior of the people in the city, and by building a CPS (Cyber-Physical System), it will be possible to provide the people in the city with the appropriate information in the right place at the right time. This information is created through a cloud system that interfaces with the city to provide customized information to every individual. Therefore, a city that is both functional and attractive to people would be the one that is equipped with software to create and communicate this kind of information in real-time and hardware to make the most of it. To provide a concrete perspective in this book, we discuss this new direction of urban development, emphasizing physical and social communication from the perspective of the people involved in the city. For example, we discuss how we can evaluate the city’s value as the intangible asset value of its attractiveness that people have embraced in their minds through their experiences. Also, we discuss how we can build a system that enhances the city’s value by utilizing communication tools such as IoT technology and social networking services. In this book, we refer to the concept of “The Social City” as a city that uses information and communication technology to promote communication between people and between people and the city in real space to revitalize the city. While elaborating on the conceptual frame- work of “The Social City,” each chapter provides an outlook by introducing specific research cases
Reimagining Prosperity Social and Economic Development in Post-COVID India - Original PDF
Reimagining Prosperity Social and Economic Development in Post-COVID India - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Arash Fazli · Amitabh Kundu خلاصه: The present volume is the outcome of a series of online seminars organ- ised by the Bahá’í Chair for Studies in Development at Devi Ahilya University, Indore, to explore the second-order effects of the COVID- 19 pandemic on India’s most vulnerable populations. The consequences of the pandemic in terms of the millions of deaths and the adverse impact on social and economic development around the world have been well- documented. India has been one among the worst-affected countries on account of the loss of both lives and livelihoods

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