موضوعات
آموزش و پرورش
ادبیات و زبان
پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی
تاریخ و جغرافیا
داستان و رمان
دیگر
دین و فلسفه
روانشناسی
ریاضیات و آمار
سلامتی، تناسب اندام و رژیم غذایی
شیمی و پلیمر
علوم اجتماعی و حقوق
علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی
فیزیک و نجوم
کامپیوتر و اینترنت
کتابهای کودکان و داستان
کسب و کار و اقتصاد
کشاورزی و دامپزشکی و غذا
معماری
مهندسی و فناوری
هنر و تئاتر
محصولات
Seasonal Adjustment Without Revisions A Real-Time Approach - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface In the 1980s, the first author was asked for information about profit prospects of a number of companies, in order to predict the change of their prices on the stock market. He looked up annual reports and recent interim results of these companies and noted that interim results consisted largely of a comparison of recent quarterly results to those of the same quarter of the preceding year. Moreover, stock prices reacted instantly to the outcomes of these comparisons. He was struck by the fact that these outcomes were frequently predictable: If there had been an up or down in the preceding year’s quarterly result, this would affect the comparison to the recent quarter. If last year’s ups or downs had been large, such as a profit on the sale of a construc- tion, or a depreciation of goodwill, these would be referred to in the comparison of the present quarterly report and would not come as a surprise and have little or no impact on stock prices. But if the market had become used to rising quarterly profits of Company X to the tune of say 1% over the preceding year, then an increment of ‘only’ 0.5% in the recent quarter would have a negative impact on the stock prices. Yet, this slight reduction in the profit’s increment may have its cause not in the present quarter, but in the preceding year or in the preceding few quarters. But then it is predictable
Modern Cryptography Volume 2 A Classical Introduction to Informational and Mathematical Principle - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Preface For integer factorization and discrete logarithm calculation, P.W.Shor published an effective quantum calculation in SIAM Journal on Computing in 1997, which is called the Shor algorithm in academic circles. Classical public key cryptosystems such as RSA, ECC and so on could not resist the attack of the Shor algorithm, so the major security risks of public key cryptosystems are completely exposed to the Shor algorithm and quantum computer. In the past 20 years, the rise and development of post-quantum cryptography have close relation with the lattice cryptosystems. The academic community believes that the hard problems on lattice, such as the shortest vector problem (SVP), the continuous shortest vector problem (SIVP) and the determination of the shortest vector problem (GapSVP) can resist quantum computing effectively, so the public key cryptosystems based on the hard problems on lattice become the core theory and technology of the post-quantum cryptography. At present, there are six kinds of published post-quantum cryptosystems: 1. Ajtai-Dwork cryptosystem (1997). Ajtai constructed a collision-resistant Hash function by the circulant matrix and ideal matrix, and converted the collision point into the shortest vector problem on q-ary integer lattice. Ajtai first proposed the concept of random lattice (Gauss lattice) in 1996, and established the famous reduction principle ‘from the worst case to the average case’. The security of Ajtai-Dwork cryptosystem could be fully proved by this reduction principle. 2. GGH/HNF cryptosystem (1997). In 1997, Goldereich, Goldwasser and Halevi constructed a public key cryptosystem based on the closest vector problem on the q-ary integer lattice, which was further improved by Micciancio using the Hermite normal basis in 2005. The idea of Micciancio is very simple. Since the HNF basis of any lattice can be easily computed from its generated matrix, the GGH cryptosystem uses the HNF basis as the public key directly. 3. NTRU cryptosystem (1998). Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) is a quantum-resistant computing public key cryptosystem developed by J. Hoffstein, J. Pipher and J. H. Silverman in Brown University in 1998, which has become the most attractive post-quantum cryptosystem due to its simple algorithm, fas
Postal Strategies Logistics, Access, and the Environment - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: With continuously growing e-commerce with its increased demand for fast delivery, various e-commerce players have decided to enter this market to improve both efficiency and effectiveness of the service. Vertically integrated digital market- places’ business models, however, raise the concerns of competition and regulatory authorities across the world because of the anti-competitive behaviours they might facilitate. The paper discusses motivations behind and potential implications for competition of the logistic choices in last-mile delivery of important e-commerce platforms, providing a comparison between Amazon, Alibaba and Allegro
Default Nudges by Patrik Michaelsen · Cass R. Sunstein - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Abstract One of the most widely used nudges, and one of the most effective, is the default rule. A default rule works by designating one course of action as the default; it establishes what will happen unless the decision-maker actively makes a change. Why are defaults so effective, in areas that include savings, health care, and air pollution? The answer is that they tap into at least three different psychological mechanisms. On a policy level, defaults, like other nudge interventions, typically benefit from being cheap and easy to implement, resulting in a highly cost-effective way of inducing behavior change. This has made nudging a popular tool for businesses and government
Pandemic and the City - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The recent COVID-19 experience has left deep traces in the urban fabric and has prompted a re-orientation regarding the future of cities. Is an urban overhaul on the way? And will digital technology erode conventional urban agglomeration advan- tages? The socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic will definitely leave their mark on cities. For example, the digital divide has already become more apparent regarding equitable access to education or to virtual libraries. Furthermore, climate change will have a stronger influence on cities than in the past, given that avoiding close indoor activities or reducing dense concentrations of people may become commonplace. For example, operating restaurants with outside dining areas or organizing open-air activities which allow safe social distancing will face new challenges in cities, in particular in places where weather conditions may become less favorable
Global Cooperation and G20 Role of Finance Track - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: The realisation that emerging economies were becoming systematically important dawned on the major advanced economies with the Asian and Russian financial crises of the late 1990s, and hence, the necessity was felt for a larger forum than the G7 encompassing the emerging economies. The Group of Twenty Countries (G20) was launched as a forum of the finance ministers and Central Bank governors primarily to address the challenges to international financial stability that had begun in Asia in 1997. The need was felt for a “permanent forum” for informal dialogue between developing and developed countries in the G20. The need for the inclusion of major emerging economies in discussions on the international financial system was underlined by the global financial crisis of 2008. A platform was created where leaders of systemically important countries resolved to coordinate macroeconomic policies to counteract the global financial crisis. In turn, they analysed the deeper, underlying causes of the financial crisis. This chapter introduces and motivates the book and discusses the rationale behind the formation of the G20. It discusses the background of the G20, the role of G7 and G8, and discusses the organisation of the book in the chapters that follow
Disaster Management and Information Technology Professional Response and Recovery Management in the Age of Disasters - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: There is no one single journey when it comes to technology. For those who did not grow up as “digital natives” each has taken their own path in accepting, developing technological skills and expanding them by integrating them into their everyday work environment. Indeed, the journey continues with no hard- set destination before us. We only know that technological development and use of technology continue to expand exponentially with each passing day. What follows is therefore just one American perspective on how the profession of emergency management has adopted technologies over the decades in which the profession has existed. All the while, working daily to plan for, train, and practice for future emergency and disaster response events that are sure to come.
Intersectionality and Discrimination by Roger White - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: Abstract We begin with a brief discussion of the relationship between social justice and economic justice. This is followed by a presentation of persistent differences in U.S. labor market outcomes. Specifically, we identify significant differences in unemployment rates and hourly wages across race- and sex-based classifications, respectively. We then present unadjusted wage gaps (i.e., raw differences in average hourly wage rates) for several worker groups that correspond to the non-productive personal characteristics we consider in this study. These characteristics include Hispanic ethnicity, nativity, race, and sex. Having motivated our study, we introduce intersectionality and our primary research question: Is wage discrimination intersectional? This is followed by a discussion of why we use the term “discrimination” when referring to differences in wage rates that cannot be explained by differences in workers’ productive character- istics. We conclude the chapter with a roadmap for the remainder of the book
The Problem of Property Taking the Freedom of Nonowners Seriously - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: CHAPTER 1 Introduction As I went walking, a sign stopped me. On the one side, it said “No Trespassing.” But on the other side, it didn’t say nothing. That side was made for you and me. ... This land was made for you and me. —Woody Guthrie, “This Land Is Your Land” as covered by Remember Alice?1 Any conception of a right—whether legal or natural—has to be recip- rocal in the relevant ethic respect. A nonreciprocal “right” is merely a privilege. A right of self-ownership at least prima facie passes this test. It amounts to saying accept my ownership of my body as I respect your ownership of your body. The highly unequal ownership system that prevails in external assets (i.e., property in anything outside of our living bodies) prima facie fails this test in at least two ways. First, it gives one group control over resources essential to everyone’s survival and therefore, forces the propertyless group to perform services for the property-owning group to survive. Second, it amounts to saying, “You should respect my property for I would respect yours if you had any.
Ahmet Suayb Gundogdu Food Security, Affordable Housing, and Poverty - Original PDF
نویسندگان: خلاصه: CHAPTER 1 Affordable Housing and Poverty “The root causes of the problem in accessing affordable housing” In Islam, paying Zakat, avoiding Riba, and spending to avoid hoarding have much more value than abstaining from fornication, theft, and drinking. The hoarding issue has not been appropriately preached since Al-Ahbari has been hoarding.1 The importance, as well as the proper imposition of Zakat, is also ignored. Case Box 1.1 showcases the clari- fication from Muhammad ( ).آیا کتاب مورد نظر هنوز بر روی سایت قرار نگرفته است؟ جای نگرانی نیست! کافی است بر روی گزینه سفارش کتاب کلیک کرده و درخواست خود را ثبت کنید. در کمتر از چند ساعت کتاب شما را آماده خواهیم کرد.