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Institutions and Economic Development - Original PDF
Institutions and Economic Development - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Bryan Cheang · Tom G. Palmer خلاصه: Arguably, the most important question in Economics and probably in social sci- ence is ‘why are some nations rich, and others poor?’ Not only is this an interesting theoretical question, it has practical relevance to human living. According to the World Bank, 9.4% of the global population are still living below the poverty line of US$1.90-a-day (The World Bank, 2020). Understanding the factors that con- tribute to a nation’s economic development will help clarify the path forward for development policymaking. This Companion will explore the phenomenon of economic development and review the leading theories explaining why it is present in some nations and absent in others. Such a task will necessarily require one to be selective, as development studies is a complex field involving various disciplines with no easy answers. Even today, development economists debate the causes of development and how to foster it in poor nations, if at all possible. Before diving into development theories, however, this chapter will first define some basic concepts and establish general facts. The subsequent sections will pin down the concept of ‘economic development’ and provide factual information about changes in living standards over time. We show that a real and sustained improvement in living standards has indeed occurred—called the ‘Great Enrich- ment’ which started in the late eighteenth century onwards. Accordingly, we explore the deep determinants of this development and focus on the rules and values in society which have facilitated this improvement in living standard
The New Journey of China’s Economic and Social Development - Original PDF
The New Journey of China’s Economic and Social Development - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Fuzhan Xie · Fang Cai · Xuesong Li خلاصه: The 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China (2016–2020) (hereinafter referred to as the “13th Five-Year Plan”), deliberated and adopted at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress in March 2016, is a programmatic document in the decisive stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Making an overall evaluation of and learning experiences from the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan based on the major objectives and tasks defined therein will be of great significance for scientifically formulating medium and long-term development plan
The Future of the Greek Economy - Original PDF
The Future of the Greek Economy - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Panagiotis E. Petrakis · Pantelis C. Kostis · Kyriaki I. Kafka · Anna-Maria Kanzola خلاصه: n Part I of the present book, we introduce the reader to the method- ology used for scenario building and alternative futures analysis. First, we discuss how historical path-dependence and the presence of mega- trends “shape” the future (Chapter 1). We use a multidirectional approach through pastcasting and backcasting to highlight how the past, the present, and the future are connected through history and the dynamic presence of economic, social, and political megatrends. Second, we explore the “art” of forecasting, which is a combination of analytical skills, creativity, and a multidisciplinary outlook (Chapter 2). Essentially, we provide a step-by-step guide for scenario building analysis and generate the four possible scenarios for Greece in the next decade. Third, we high- light the importance of a series of contextual or “swinging” factors for the future (Chapter 3). Such factors concern the social and political settings, cultural values, and the effects of irreducible uncertainty. The analysis of the swinging factors is crucial because it facilitates speculation regarding which scenario is more likely to prevail.1
The Inseparable Nature of Love and Aggression Clinical and Theoretical Perspectives[2011] - Original PDF
The Inseparable Nature of Love and Aggression Clinical and Theoretical Perspectives[2011] - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Otto F. Kernberg خلاصه: The Inseparable Nature of Love and Aggression: Clinical and Theoretical Perspectives 1st Edition by Otto F. Kernberg (Author)
Prostate Cancer and the Man You Love:  Supporting and Caring for Your Loved One[2022] - Epub + Converted pdf
Prostate Cancer and the Man You Love: Supporting and Caring for Your Loved One[2022] - Epub + Converted pdf
نویسندگان: Katz Anne خلاصه: Prostate Cancer and the Man You Love: Supporting and Caring for Your Loved One by Anne Katz PhD RN FAAN; AASECT-certified sexuality counselor (Author)
IELTS Writing Task 2:  The Miracle Maker[2021] - Original PDF
IELTS Writing Task 2: The Miracle Maker[2021] - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Dr. Anna Hajizadeh خلاصه: Dr. Anna Hajizadeh
The Value of SEO: 100 Illustrated Essays and Stories to Help Anyone to Explain the Importance of SEO - Orginal Pdf
The Value of SEO: 100 Illustrated Essays and Stories to Help Anyone to Explain the Importance of SEO - Orginal Pdf
نویسندگان: Andrew Holland خلاصه: The Value of SEO: 100 Illustrated Essays and Stories to Help Anyone to Explain the Importance of SEO by Andrew Holland
The Meaning of Life - Epub + Converted PDF
The Meaning of Life - Epub + Converted PDF
نویسندگان: Russell Hasan خلاصه: The Meaning of Life: My Answer to Jordan B. Peterson According to Objectivism, what is the meaning of life? The meaning of life is: You. You are the meaning of your life. The meaning of your life is you. There is nothing else. Your life, and you living it, and the joy, and sadness, and whatever it means to you, that is the meaning of your life, that is the meaning of life for you. Jesus Christ is not the meaning of your life. Helping the poor, and Karl Marx, is not the meaning of your life. No. You, and only you, are the meaning of your own life. But that means that you have to work, and work hard, to create a meaningful life, to create meaning and intention and purpose and achievement for your life, to make your life meaningful. You have to do it, but it is something only you can do. Now, you could choose to have Jesus Christ be the meaning of your life, and many people have done that, but then that is about you, it isn't really about Jesus Christ. It's about what Jesus Christ means to you; it is not about Jesus Christ himself. And, likewise, you could choose for the meaning of your life to be helping others, but then it isn't really about helping others, it's really about you and the meaning that you create for yourself by choosing that as your purpose in life, as the focus of your life. People think that "What is the meaning of life?" is an impossible question to answer, but if you change it into "What is the meaning of my life?" then it becomes possible for you to answer it. But if you fail, if you do not create meaning and find meaningful people, events, emotions, goals, etc., in your life, then you fall into the void, the abyss, nihilism, then your life would have no meaning
Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species - Epub + Converted PDF
Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species - Epub + Converted PDF
نویسندگان: Nathaniel T Jeanson PhD خلاصه: If Darwin were to examine the evidence today using modern science, would his conclusions be the same? Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, published over 150 years ago, is considered one of history's most influential books and continues to serve as the foundation of thought for evolutionary biology. Since Darwin's time, however, new fields of science have emerged that simply give us better answers to the question of origins. With a Ph.D. in cell and developmental biology from Harvard University, Dr. Nathaniel Jeanson is uniquely qualified to investigate what genetics reveal about origins. The Origins Puzzle Comes Together If the science surrounding origins were a puzzle, Darwin would have had fewer than 15% of the pieces to work with when he developed his theory of evolution. We now have a much greater percentage of the pieces because of modern scientific research. As Dr. Jeanson puts the new pieces together, a whole new picture emerges, giving us a testable, predictive model to explain the origin of species. A New Scientific Revolution Begins So what comes next? Darwin's theory of evolution may be one of science's longest standing, but the latest genetics research is casting doubt on it. Are these new discoveries cause to critically reexamine Darwin's theory? Replacing Darwin asks you to give serious consideration to modern scientific advances and reevaluate the problems that have surfaced in Darwin's theory of evolution."
Objections To Evolution - Epub + Converted PDF
Objections To Evolution - Epub + Converted PDF
نویسندگان: Dr. Nirushan Sivanesan خلاصه: Preface Evolutionary theory is the dominant scientific explanation for how all species came into existence. We are told there is such overwhelming evidence for the theory that it has become irrefutable. It is taught as fact in most science classrooms in the Western world, and the consensus in the scientific community is that the theory is true beyond doubt. In Western civilisation, if you do not subscribe to it, you are considered unintelligent or uneducated. However, there has been significant controversy and debate over the theory since it was first brought into the public domain about 160 years ago. This book attempts to explore this controversy and bring forth a case against evolutionary theory using various perspectives. It should be noted that this case does not attempt to disprove evolutionary theory, as this would appear to be a futile task, analogous to trying to disprove the existence of God. It only aims to demonstrate the flaws of the theory and address the pertinent question of whether the theory has been proven to a reasonable degree, such that it should be considered fact. This book is purely a collection of ideas and arguments designed to promote critical thinking and offer an alternative perspective. It critiques evolutionary theory primarily from a philosophical point of view. No new research, data or observations are provided. The focus is on criticising the reasoning that is being used and the conclusions that are being drawn from the information that evolutionists themselves use to formulate their theory. The majority of contemporary anti-evolution books are written from a religious point of view. Please note that this book is dissimilar in this regard: it attempts to discredit evolutionary theory without promoting religion or God. It is not advocating an alternative doctrine, nor advocating an active denial of the theory

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