محصولات
Trading with the Enemy: Britain, France, and the 18th-Century Quest for a Peaceful World Order - Original PDF
Trading with the Enemy: Britain, France, and the 18th-Century Quest for a Peaceful World Order - Original PDF
نویسندگان: John Shovlin خلاصه: A ground-breaking account of British and French efforts to channel their eighteenth-century geopolitical rivalry into peaceful commercial competition Britain and France waged war eight times in the century following the Glorious Revolution, a mutual antagonism long regarded as a “Second Hundred Years’ War.” Yet officials on both sides also initiated ententes, free trade schemes, and colonial bargains intended to avert future conflict. What drove this quest for a more peaceful order? In this highly original account, John Shovlin reveals the extent to which Britain and France sought to divert their rivalry away from war and into commercial competition. The two powers worked to end future conflict over trade in Spanish America, the Caribbean, and India, and imagined forms of empire-building that would be more collaborative than competitive. They negotiated to cut cross-channel tariffs, recognizing that free trade could foster national power while muting enmity. This account shows that eighteenth-century capitalism drove not only repeated wars and overseas imperialism but spurred political leaders to strive for global stability.
Effective carbon rates 2021 : pricing carbon emissions through taxes and emissions trading. - Original PDF
Effective carbon rates 2021 : pricing carbon emissions through taxes and emissions trading. - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Centre for Tax Policy and Administration. خلاصه: Overall progress with carbon pricing remains modest  Around 60% of carbon emissions from energy use in OECD and G20 countries remained entirely unpriced in 2018.  The 44 OECD and G20 countries together have not even reached a fifth of the goal to price all emissions at least at EUR 60 per tonne CO2 (i.e. the CPS60) in 2018.  Less than a quarter of the countries studied are more than halfway to the EUR 60 benchmark, and just three countries achieved more than two-thirds of the benchmark in 2018.
Options for Operationalising Transparency in Commodity Trading Transactions - Original PDF
Options for Operationalising Transparency in Commodity Trading Transactions - Original PDF
نویسندگان: : OECD Development Policy Tools خلاصه:  7 OPTIONS FOR OPERATIONALISING TRANSPARENCY IN COMMODITY TRADING TRANSACTIONS © OECD 2021 Executive Summary This report provides an overview of possible options for operationalising enhanced transparency and reporting requirements by companies that purchase oil, gas and minerals (hereafter: buying companies) from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and other public entities that can be undertaken by home governments, host governments and their SOEs, trading hubs, free zones, commodity exchanges and industry associations. In particular, as a significant share of global commodity trading transactions take place in a small number of global trading hubs, those hubs should take active steps to avoid the reputational risk of harbouring corrupt transactions and suspicious deals, including by introducing requirements for companies active in commodity trading to disclose their payments to governments. The options for operationalising enhanced transparency set out in this report can act to reinforce each other and should not be seen as mutually exclusive
Trading Companies and Travel Knowledge in the Early Modern World - Original PDF
Trading Companies and Travel Knowledge in the Early Modern World - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Aske Laursen Brock, Guido van Meersbergen, Edmond Smith خلاصه: Trading Companies and Travel Knowledge in the Early Modern World explores the links between trade, empire, exploration, and global information transfer during the early modern period. By charting how the leaders, members, employees, and supporters of different trading companies gathered, processed, employed, protected, and divulged intelligence about foreign lands, peoples, and markets, this book throws new light on the internal uses of information by corporate actors and the ways they engaged with, relied on, and supplied various external publics. This ranged from using secret knowledge to beat competitors, to shaping debates about empire, and to forcing Europeans to reassess their understandings of specific environments due to contacts with non-European peoples. Reframing our understanding of trading companies through the lens of travel literature, this volume brings together thirteen experts in the field to facilitate a new understanding of how European corporations and empires were shaped by global webs of information exchange.
Algorithmic Short-Selling with Python: Refine your algorithmic trading edge, consistently generate investment ideas, and build a robust long/short product - Original PDF
Algorithmic Short-Selling with Python: Refine your algorithmic trading edge, consistently generate investment ideas, and build a robust long/short product - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Laurent Bernut خلاصه: Leverage Python source code to revolutionize your short selling strategy and to consistently make profits in bull, bear, and sideways markets Key Features • Understand techniques such as trend following, mean reversion, position sizing, and risk management in a short-selling context • Implement Python source code to explore and develop your own investment strategy • Test your trading strategies to limit risk and increase profits Book Description If you are in the long/short business, learning how to sell short is not a choice. Short selling is the key to raising assets when the markets are down. This book will help you demystify and rehabilitate the short-selling craft, providing Python source code to construct a robust long/short portfolio. It explains everything you have ever read about short selling from a long-only perspective. This book will take you on a journey from an idea (“buy bullish stocks, sell bearish ones”) to becoming part of the elite club of long/short hedge fund algorithmic traders. You’ll explore key concepts such as trading psychology, trading edge, regime definition, signal processing, position sizing, risk management, and asset allocation, one obstacle at a time. Along the way, you’ll will discover simple methods to consistently generate investment ideas, and consider variables that impact returns, volatility, and overall attractiveness of returns. By the end of this book, you’ll not only become familiar with some of the most sophisticated concepts in capital markets, but also have Python source code to construct a long/short product that investors are bound to find attractive. What you will learn • Develop the mindset required to win the infinite, complex, random game called the stock market • Demystify short selling in order to make consistent profits from bull, bear, and sideways markets • Generate ideas consistently on both sides of the portfolio • Implement Python source code to engineer a statistically robust trading edge • Perform superior risk management for high returns • Build a long/short product that investors will find appealing Who This Book Is For This is a book by a practitioner for practitioners. It is designed to benefit a wide range of people, including long/short market participants, quantitative participants, proprietary traders, commodity trading advisors, retail investors (pro retailers, students, and retail quants), and long-only investors. At least 2 years of active trading experience, intermediate-level experience of the Python programming language, and basic mathematical literacy (basic statistics and algebra) are expected
Options Trading For Dummies (For Dummies (Business & Personal Finance)) - Original PDF
Options Trading For Dummies (For Dummies (Business & Personal Finance)) - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Joe Duarte خلاصه: When it comes to boosting your portfolio, you’ve got options! Looking for a new way to flex your investing muscle? Look no further! Options Trading For Dummies offers trusted guidance for anyone ready to jump into the versatile, rewarding world of stock options. And just what are your options options? This book breaks down the most common types of options contracts, helping you select the right strategy for your needs. Learn all about the risk-reward structure of options trading and reduce your risk through smart mixing and matching. Today’s markets are more topsy turvy than ever before, but there is also more potential for everyday investors like you to profit, regardless of economic conditions. Options are great for broadening your retirement portfolio or earning a little extra scratch through shorter-term positions. Options Trading For Dummies is your plain-English resource for learning how! • Demystify the world of options contracts and how to trade them, including index, equity, and ETF options • Use technical analysis to create a solid trading strategy that limits your risk • Protect your assets and avoid the pitfalls common to first-time options traders • Learn about covered calls, butterfly positions, and other techniques that can enhance your gains Thinking of trading options, but not sure where to start? This latest edition of Options Trading For Dummies provides you with step-by-step advice for boosting your income under today’s market conditions.
India and the Silk Roads: The History of a Trading World - Original PDF
India and the Silk Roads: The History of a Trading World - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Jagjeet Lally خلاصه: India and the Silk Roads is a global history of a continental interior, the first to comprehensively examine the textual and material traces of India’s caravan trade with central Asia. But what was the fate of these overland connections in the ages of sail and steam? This book brings the world of caravan trade to life—a world of merchants, mercenaries, pastoralists and pilgrims, but also of kings, bureaucrats and their subjects in the countryside and towns. Their livelihoods did not become obsolete with the advent of ‘modern’ technologies and the consequent emergence of new global networks. Terrestrial routes remained critically important, not only handling flows of goods and money, but also fostering networks of trade in credit, secret intelligence and fighting power. With the waning of the Mughal Empire during the eighteenth century, new Indian kingdoms and their rulers came to the fore, drawing their power and prosperity from resources brought by caravan trade. The encroachment of British and Russian imperialism into this commercial arena in the nineteenth century gave new significance to some people and flows, while steadily undermining others. By showing how no single ruler could control the nebulous yet durable networks of this trading world, which had its own internal dynamics even as it evolved in step with global transformations, this book forces us to rethink the history of globalisation and re-evaluate our fixation with empires and states as the building blocks of historical analysis.
Fixed Income Trading and Risk Management: The Complete Guide - Original PDF
Fixed Income Trading and Risk Management: The Complete Guide - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Alexander Düring خلاصه: Fixed Income Trading and Risk Management: The Complete Guide delivers a comprehensive and innovative exposition of fixed income markets. Written by European Central Bank portfolio manager Alexander During, this book takes a practical view of how several different national fixed income markets operate in detail.
Detecting regime change in computational finance: data science, machine learning and algorithmic trading - Original PDF
Detecting regime change in computational finance: data science, machine learning and algorithmic trading - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Chen, Jun; Tsang, Edward خلاصه: "Based on interdisciplinary research into "Directional Change", a new data-driven approach to financial data analysis, Detecting Regime Change in Computational Finance: Data Science, Machine Learning and, Algorithmic Trading applies machine learning to financial market monitoring and algorithmic trading. Directional Change is a new way of summarizing price changes in the market. Instead of sampling prices at fixed intervals (such as daily closing in time series), it samples prices when the market changes direction ("zigzag"). By sampling data in a different way, the book lays out concepts which enable the extraction of information that other market participants may not be able to see. The book includes a Foreword by Richard Olsen and explores the following topics: Data science: as an alternative to time series, price movements in a market can be summarised as directional changes Machine learning for regime change detection: historical regime changes in a market can be discovered by a Hidden Markov Model Regime characterisation: normal and abnormal regimes in historical data can be characterised using indicators defined under Directional Change Market Monitoring: by using historical characteristics of normal and abnormal regimes, one can monitor the market to detect whether the market regime has changed Algorithmic trading: regime tracking information can help us to design trading algorithms It will be of great interest to researchers in computational finance, machine learning, and data science"--;Background and literature survey -- Regime change detection using directional change indicators -- Classification of normal and abnormal regimes in financial markets -- Tracking regime changes using directional change indicators -- Algorithmic trading based on regime change tracking.
A World Trading System For The Twenty-First Century - Original PDF
A World Trading System For The Twenty-First Century - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Robert W. Staiger خلاصه: When designing a world trading system for the twenty-first century, “Keep calm and carry on” beats “Move fast and break things.” Global trade is in trouble. Climate change, digital trade, offshoring, the rise of emerging markets led by China: Can the World Trade Organization (WTO), built for trade in the twentieth century, meet the challenges of the twenty-first? The answer is yes, Robert Staiger tells us, arguing that adapting the WTO to the changed economic environment would serve the world better than a radical reset. Governed by the WTO, on the principles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), global trade rules traditionally focus on “shallow integration”—with an emphasis on reducing tariffs and trade impediments at the border—rather than “deep integration,” or direct negotiations over behind-the-border measures. Staiger charts the economic environment that gave rise to the former approach, explains when and why it worked, and surveys the changing landscape for global trade. In his analysis, the terms-of-trade theory of trade agreements provides a compelling framework for understanding the success of GATT in the twentieth century. And according to this understanding, Staiger concludes, the logic of GATT's design transcends many, if not all, of the current challenges faced by the WTO. With its penetrating view of the evolving global economic environment, A World Trading System for the Twenty-First Century shows us a global trading system in need of reform, and Staiger makes a persuasive case for using the architecture of the GATT/WTO as a basis for that reform.

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