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The Study of Language seventh edition - Orginal Pdf
The Study of Language seventh edition - Orginal Pdf
نویسندگان: George Yule خلاصه: GET FASTER Download from an IPFS distributed storage, choose any gateway: Cloudflare IPFS.io Pinata local gateway download from the Tor mirror (make sure you're accessing via Tor) The Study of Language cover Author(s): George Yule Publisher: Cambridge University Press, Year: 2020 ISBN: 1108730701,9781108730709,1108499457,9781108499453 Search in WorldCat | Search in Goodreads | Search in AbeBooks | Search in Amazon.com Description: This bestselling textbook provides an engaging and user-friendly introduction to the study of language. Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, Yule presents information in bite-sized sections, clearly explaining the major concepts in linguistics and all the key elements of language. This seventh edition has been revised and updated throughout, with substantial changes to the chapters on phonetics and semantics, and forty new study questions. To increase student engagement and to foster problem-solving and critical thinking skills, the book includes over twenty new tasks. An expanded and revised online study guide provides students with further resources, including answers and tutorials for all tasks, while encouraging lively and proactive learning. This is the most fundamental and easy-to-use introduction to the study of language.
Current Issues in Public Utilities and Public Policy Empirical Studies Focusing on Japan - Original PDF
Current Issues in Public Utilities and Public Policy Empirical Studies Focusing on Japan - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Fumitoshi Mizutani · Takuya Urakami · Eri Nakamura خلاصه: Public utility industries are basic to both consumers and firms for main- taining daily life and economic activities. Relevant, practical information based on careful empirical study is necessary to create prudent policy for public utility indus- tries. This chapter summarizes three points: the aim of this book, the characteristics of public industries, and the topic of each chapter. The purpose here is to deepen the general understanding of public utility industries, which, compared with general industries, have distinguishing characteristics such as (i) the necessity for huge infras- tructure networks, (ii) the provision of essential services, (iii) the difficulty of storing services and a peak/off-peak imbalance, (iv) the necessity for a balance of publicness and marketability, (v) the existence of externalities, and (vi) the constraints imposed by public regulation
Healthcare and Disease Burden in Africa The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Public Health - Original PDF
Healthcare and Disease Burden in Africa The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Public Health - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Ilha Niohuru خلاصه: Chapter 1 Introduction There is an acute scarcity of research and studies on the conditions of healthcare in African countries. According to Marincola and Kariuki (2020), 20% of the global disease burden falls on the shoulders of Africa, yet only 1% of worldwide scientific output focuses on African countries. Filling the epistemological gap is critical, for it will not only shine a light on our understanding of the realities of the continent, but also pave way for more engaged future studies. The investigation of existing health- care conditions in Africa provides an indispensable basis for generating educated responses to the challenges that confront the continent as a whole and across its different localities. Africa also occupies a historically overlooked and underrep- resented position. It is a unique continent with highly diverse cultures, societies, and economic compositions. While significantly different from the Western or more economically developed parts of the world, Africa is playing a crucial role on the global stage in a variety of aspects. Therefore, studies of Africa will not only benefit the regional communities, but also have a long-lasting impact on the rest of the world. Africa carries the oldest and most diverse genome. Around seven billion of the world’s population share a common origin in Africa. The burden of disease in Africa is also shifting from communicable to non-communicable diseases, which is also a major concern of the societies that are more economically developed. Therefore, addressing the disease burden in Africa, in parallel, means investing in the prevention and treatment of diseases in the rest of the world.
Sustainable Development Disciplines for Society Breaking Down the 5Ps—People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace, and Partnerships - Original PDF
Sustainable Development Disciplines for Society Breaking Down the 5Ps—People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace, and Partnerships - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Shujiro Urata • Ken-Ichi Akao • Ayu Washizu خلاصه: Introduction This multidisciplinary book provides 14 problem-solving lectures on the sustainable development of people, peace, planet, and prosperity—four of the five keywords for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 4 namely people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships (5Ps). According to the Resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations (2015, p. 2), the SDGs are intended to promote the following actions in these five areas: (1) For people: end poverty and hunger in all their forms and dimensions, as well as ensure that all human beings can fulfill their potential with dignity and equality and in a healthy environment. (2) For planet: protect it from degradation, including through sustainable consumption and production, by sustainably managing natural resources and taking urgent action on climate change, so that it can support the needs of the present and future generations. (3) For prosperity: ensure that all human beings enjoy prosperous and fulfilling lives and that economic, social, and technological progress occurs in harmony with nature. (4) For peace: foster peaceful and inclusive societies that are free from fear and violence. (5) For partnerships: mobilize the means required to implement this agenda through a revitalized Global Partnership for Sustainable Development based on a spirit of strengthened global solidarity, focusing, in partic- ular, on the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable and with the participation of all countries, all stakeholders, and all people
Equity in Health and Health Promotion in Urban Areas Multidisciplinary Interventions at International and National Level - Original PDF
Equity in Health and Health Promotion in Urban Areas Multidisciplinary Interventions at International and National Level - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Alessandra Battisti · Maurizio Marceca · Giuseppe Ricotta · Silvia Iorio خلاصه: In the last twenty years, processes of metropolization have seen an uncontrollable increase, registering a rate of global urbanization that—according to the “World Urbanization Prospects 2018” of the United Nations—will reach almost 70% in 2050 [1]. These data, with a global vision, underline the dynamics of the growth of settlements and cities in quantitative, qualitative, historical and social evolution. In poor countries, this growth continues to take place following models of urban aggre- gation that has been unchanged over the years and inadequate to guarantee minimum conditions of health and sanitation. This situation continues to generate a proliferation of informal areas in conditions of extreme poverty and environmental vulnerability. According to a recent UN-Habitat report, which reports how more than a billion people are forced to live in informal settlements and estimates that this number will double by 2030, slums represent a phenomenon destined to define the near futur
Calming the Storms The Carry Trade, the Banking School and British Financial Crises Since 1825 - Original PDF
Calming the Storms The Carry Trade, the Banking School and British Financial Crises Since 1825 - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Charles Read خلاصه: But this long run is a misleading guide to current affairs. In the long run we are all dead. Economists set themselves too easy, too useless a task if in tempestuous seasons they can only tell us that when the storm is past the ocean is flat again. —J. M. Keynes, ‘A Tract on Monetary Reform’ in Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, IV (Cambridge: CUP, 2013) p. 65.1 The quotation from John Maynard Keynes’ A Tract on Monetary Reform (1923), that ‘in the long run we are all dead’, is probably the most misunderstood in economics. It is often naively assumed to be a carpe diem defence of Keynesian deficit financing during a downturn. That is, ‘care about the recession we’re in now, rather than about the long-term cost of borrowing’; or ‘recklessly enjoy the present and let the future go hang’.2
Seasonal Adjustment Without Revisions A Real-Time Approach - Original PDF
Seasonal Adjustment Without Revisions A Real-Time Approach - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Barend Abeln · Jan P. A. M. Jacobs خلاصه: Preface In the 1980s, the first author was asked for information about profit prospects of a number of companies, in order to predict the change of their prices on the stock market. He looked up annual reports and recent interim results of these companies and noted that interim results consisted largely of a comparison of recent quarterly results to those of the same quarter of the preceding year. Moreover, stock prices reacted instantly to the outcomes of these comparisons. He was struck by the fact that these outcomes were frequently predictable: If there had been an up or down in the preceding year’s quarterly result, this would affect the comparison to the recent quarter. If last year’s ups or downs had been large, such as a profit on the sale of a construc- tion, or a depreciation of goodwill, these would be referred to in the comparison of the present quarterly report and would not come as a surprise and have little or no impact on stock prices. But if the market had become used to rising quarterly profits of Company X to the tune of say 1% over the preceding year, then an increment of ‘only’ 0.5% in the recent quarter would have a negative impact on the stock prices. Yet, this slight reduction in the profit’s increment may have its cause not in the present quarter, but in the preceding year or in the preceding few quarters. But then it is predictable
Modern Cryptography Volume 2 A Classical Introduction to Informational and Mathematical Principle - Original PDF
Modern Cryptography Volume 2 A Classical Introduction to Informational and Mathematical Principle - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Zhiyong Zheng · Kun Tian · Fengxia Liu خلاصه: Preface For integer factorization and discrete logarithm calculation, P.W.Shor published an effective quantum calculation in SIAM Journal on Computing in 1997, which is called the Shor algorithm in academic circles. Classical public key cryptosystems such as RSA, ECC and so on could not resist the attack of the Shor algorithm, so the major security risks of public key cryptosystems are completely exposed to the Shor algorithm and quantum computer. In the past 20 years, the rise and development of post-quantum cryptography have close relation with the lattice cryptosystems. The academic community believes that the hard problems on lattice, such as the shortest vector problem (SVP), the continuous shortest vector problem (SIVP) and the determination of the shortest vector problem (GapSVP) can resist quantum computing effectively, so the public key cryptosystems based on the hard problems on lattice become the core theory and technology of the post-quantum cryptography. At present, there are six kinds of published post-quantum cryptosystems: 1. Ajtai-Dwork cryptosystem (1997). Ajtai constructed a collision-resistant Hash function by the circulant matrix and ideal matrix, and converted the collision point into the shortest vector problem on q-ary integer lattice. Ajtai first proposed the concept of random lattice (Gauss lattice) in 1996, and established the famous reduction principle ‘from the worst case to the average case’. The security of Ajtai-Dwork cryptosystem could be fully proved by this reduction principle. 2. GGH/HNF cryptosystem (1997). In 1997, Goldereich, Goldwasser and Halevi constructed a public key cryptosystem based on the closest vector problem on the q-ary integer lattice, which was further improved by Micciancio using the Hermite normal basis in 2005. The idea of Micciancio is very simple. Since the HNF basis of any lattice can be easily computed from its generated matrix, the GGH cryptosystem uses the HNF basis as the public key directly. 3. NTRU cryptosystem (1998). Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) is a quantum-resistant computing public key cryptosystem developed by J. Hoffstein, J. Pipher and J. H. Silverman in Brown University in 1998, which has become the most attractive post-quantum cryptosystem due to its simple algorithm, fas
Postal Strategies Logistics, Access, and the Environment - Original PDF
Postal Strategies Logistics, Access, and the Environment - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Pier Luigi Parcu · Timothy J. Brennan · Victor Glass خلاصه: With continuously growing e-commerce with its increased demand for fast delivery, various e-commerce players have decided to enter this market to improve both efficiency and effectiveness of the service. Vertically integrated digital market- places’ business models, however, raise the concerns of competition and regulatory authorities across the world because of the anti-competitive behaviours they might facilitate. The paper discusses motivations behind and potential implications for competition of the logistic choices in last-mile delivery of important e-commerce platforms, providing a comparison between Amazon, Alibaba and Allegro
Default Nudges by Patrik Michaelsen · Cass R. Sunstein - Original PDF
Default Nudges by Patrik Michaelsen · Cass R. Sunstein - Original PDF
نویسندگان: Patrik Michaelsen · Cass R. Sunstein خلاصه: Abstract One of the most widely used nudges, and one of the most effective, is the default rule. A default rule works by designating one course of action as the default; it establishes what will happen unless the decision-maker actively makes a change. Why are defaults so effective, in areas that include savings, health care, and air pollution? The answer is that they tap into at least three different psychological mechanisms. On a policy level, defaults, like other nudge interventions, typically benefit from being cheap and easy to implement, resulting in a highly cost-effective way of inducing behavior change. This has made nudging a popular tool for businesses and government

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