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A Sociology of Monsters Essays on Power Technology and Domination - Original PDF
A Sociology of Monsters Essays on Power Technology and Domination - Original PDF
نویسندگان: John Law خلاصه: We founded ourselves on class; then, at a much later date wc learned a little about ethnicity; more recently we discovered gender; and more recently still we learned something - perhaps not very much yet - about age and disability. So might a white, middle class, middle aged man with a normativcly approved set of physical skills write of the history of his sociology. So might he comment on the way in which he slowly learned that 'his' sociology had never spoken for 'us': that all along the sociological 'wc' was a Leviathan that had achieved its (sense of) order by usurping or silencing the other voices.Even so, this was a sociology always driven, at least in part, by a concern with distribution - for otherwise it would never have learned of its isolation. It was driven by a concern with pain. It was driven by an ambivalent wish to learn of and intervene about injustice. But what should count as a distribution was fought over time and time again in the retreat from a sovereign order. 'We* found it difficult to recognise class - for after all, we are all free and equal in the market. And ethnicity, too, was slow to come into focus, perhaps because it was hoped that this was underpinned by a logic of class. Then those who look class seriously - and, to be sure, those who did not - found it difficult to recognise gender. Where 'we* are now, gender is somewhat, but only somewhat, in focus. Still there are great silences about gender. As there are about age, about disability.
Trading with the Enemy: Britain, France, and the 18th-Century Quest for a Peaceful World Order - Original PDF
Trading with the Enemy: Britain, France, and the 18th-Century Quest for a Peaceful World Order - Original PDF
نویسندگان: John Shovlin خلاصه: A ground-breaking account of British and French efforts to channel their eighteenth-century geopolitical rivalry into peaceful commercial competition Britain and France waged war eight times in the century following the Glorious Revolution, a mutual antagonism long regarded as a “Second Hundred Years’ War.” Yet officials on both sides also initiated ententes, free trade schemes, and colonial bargains intended to avert future conflict. What drove this quest for a more peaceful order? In this highly original account, John Shovlin reveals the extent to which Britain and France sought to divert their rivalry away from war and into commercial competition. The two powers worked to end future conflict over trade in Spanish America, the Caribbean, and India, and imagined forms of empire-building that would be more collaborative than competitive. They negotiated to cut cross-channel tariffs, recognizing that free trade could foster national power while muting enmity. This account shows that eighteenth-century capitalism drove not only repeated wars and overseas imperialism but spurred political leaders to strive for global stability.

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