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. Fearless Flash Claudia McCue How to Use Adobe InDesign CS5 and the Tools You Already Know to Create Engaging Web Experiences Fearless Flash Claudia McCue This Adobe Press book is published by Peachpit. Peachpit 1249 Eighth Street Berkeley, CA 94710 510/524-2178 510/524-2221 ( fax) Peachpit is a division of Pearson Education. For the latest on Adobe Press books, go to www.adobepress.com To report errors, please send a note to errata@peachpit.com Copyright © 2011 by Claudia McCue Project Editor: Susan Rimerman Production Editor: Lisa Brazieal Developmental/Copy Editor: Erfert Fenton Technical Editor: Jean-Claude Tremblay Proofreader: Scout Festa Indexer: Karin Arrigoni Cover Design: Aren Howell Cover Illustration: Giovanni Meroni Interior Design: Kathleen Cunningham Notice of Rights All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information on getting permission for reprints and excerpts, contact: permissions@peachpit.com. Notice of Liability The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of the book, neither the author nor Peachpit shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the instructions contained in this book or by the computer software and hardware products described in it. Trademarks Adobe, Creative Suite, Flash, Flash Catalyst, InDesign, Illustrator, and Photoshop are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Peachpit was aware of a trademark claim, the designations appear as requested by the owner of the trademark. All other product names and services identified throughout this book are used in editorial fashion only and for the benefit of such companies with no intention of infringement of the trademark. No such use, or the use of any trade name, is intended to convey endorsement or other affiliation with this book. ISBN-13: 978-0-321-73482-2 ISBN-10: 0-321-73482-3 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound in the United States of America For my North Star iv Table of Contents Introduction vii Who Should Read This Book viii What You’ll Get Out of This Book viii What This Book is Not ix Software Requirements ix About the Exercise Files x Acknowledgements x Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys 1 Let’s Go Exploring 3 Looking Ahead 17 Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation 19 Presentation 20 Navigation 22 Deployment 24 Adding Navigational Controls 24 Exporting to SWF 36 Chapter 3 Multimedia 39 Video 40 Audio 48 Chapter 4 Animation 51 What Can Be Animated? 52 Events 55 Motion Presets 62 Page Transitions 70 Chapter 5 Button Up 75 Button Events 76 Button Appearance 82 Creating Button Art in Illustrator 93 Creating Button Art in Photoshop 102 Button Actions 113 Table of Contents v Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment 121 Off to a Good Start 122 Graphics 123 Exporting to SWF From InDesign 126 Deploying SWF Files 130 Wrapping Up 133 Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional 135 Preparing for Flash Professional 136 Lost in Translation 139 Editing in Flash Professional 141 Don’t Be Afraid of Code 144 Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst 145 The Flash Catalyst Workspace 147 Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 149 Planning for Flash Catalyst 156 Building on Photoshop Files 157 Building on Illustrator Files 174 Chapter 9 Putting It All Together 187 Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 188 Adding Hyperlinks 193 Multistate Objects: Creating a Slideshow 198 Photoshop: Making Buttons 201 Adding Navigation Buttons 205 Assigning Actions to the Navigation Buttons 208 Animating a Headline 209 Adding a Video 210 Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 211 Importing Flash Animation into InDesign 217 Exporting the Finished Project 218 Wrapping Up 220 Index 221 Where are the Lesson files 231 Table of Contents This page intentionally left blank More than once, I had sworn “I am going to learn how to use Adobe Flash.” I had resolved to branch out from my lifelong print-centric comfort zone and get hip. So I’d crank up Flash, meditate on the interface that looked so little like my old friends Photoshop and Illustrator, and say to myself, “I think I’ll go do some laundry.” I secretly envied designers who could make their content wiggle and bark, and dreamed that someday I’d be able to do that, too. But, frankly, Flash intimi- dated me. Then along came Adobe InDesign CS5, with a hefty arsenal of new interactive tools, accompanied by the new Adobe Flash Catalyst CS5—both refreshingly code-free. Suddenly, there was hope. Introduction viii Introduction Who Should Read This Book If you’re a print designer who has memorized most of the Pantone color numbers but has no idea what hexadecimal color codes are, being able to use familiar tools to create interactive content would be a new lease on your professional life. If you’re feeling a bit obsolete when you see coders whip out onscreen magic, don’t give up. You don’t have to completely retrain your brain. As a print designer, you’ve accumulated years of design savvy, honed your visual instincts, and practiced your production chops. And not a minute of that experience will be wasted when you begin designing pages for the Web. You don’t have to start over; you can hit the ground running, because you already know how to use the foundation tools in InDesign, Photoshop, and Illustrator. And even though you’ve never used it, you’ll find the Flash Catalyst interface friendly and intuitive. Instead of having to switch gears completely, you can build on what you already know, and apply your capabilities to interactive projects. This book can get you off to a good start on your new adventure. What You’ll Get Out of This Book While there isn’t room in this book to walk you through every single feature in InDesign, Photoshop, Illustrator, Flash Catalyst, and Flash Professional, you’ll pick up valuable new techniques for adding interactivity, including: ■ Awakening InDesign’s secret built-in Animation Encyclopedia ■ Animating InDesign page content with motion presets ■ Controlling the speed and play order of animations ■ Creating and applying custom motion presets ■ Creating custom button artwork in Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign ■ Importing video content and controlling poster and player options ■ Exporting to Flash Professional (and learning what’s lost in translation) ■ Editing animations in Flash Professional ■ Using the intuitive Heads Up Display in Flash Catalyst to turn Illustrator and Photoshop documents into interactive projects ■ Refining your files for online, in-house, or disc deployment And you’ll do all of this without writing a single line of code! ixWhat This Book is Not What I hope you get out of this book is a sense of relief (This isn’t so hard after all!) and a bit of inspiration (This is actually fun!). What This Book is Not This book doesn’t presume to teach you design principles. I’m a mechanic, not a designer. You’re the designer. All I can provide is insight into the inner workings of these tools. I’m counting on you to make it look good! This is not a programming book. It’s devoted to helping you avoid writing code. But don’t let that scare you away from the more technical possibilities. Mere mortals can learn ActionScript and make Flash Professional sing. I’ve written JavaScript to enhance Adobe Acrobat forms, and I am definitely not a programmer. It may be that this book will whet your appetite and inspire you to dig deeper into what you used to think were foreign territories. That would make me proud. Software Requirements Unless you’re planning on just reading this book at the beach (unlikely), you’ll need all the appropriate software to play along. The following Adobe applica- tions are used in the exercises: ■ InDesign CS5 ■ Photoshop CS5 ■ Illustrator CS5 ■ Flash Catalyst CS5 ■ Flash Professional CS5 If you have Adobe Creative Suite 5 Design Premium or Adobe Creative Suite 5 Master Collection, you have all the necessary software. As for hardware requirements, as long as you have sufficient horsepower to run the required software, you’re fully equipped. It wouldn’t hurt to have sufficient RAM that you can run several applications simultaneously, and there’s no such thing as too much hard drive space. See www.adobe.com/ products/creativesuite for official system requirements. If you have your own Web site, you’ll be able to upload finished project files and test them. If not, you can test them on your own computer. x Introduction About the Exercise Files The exercise files used in this book are organized by chapter on the CD. You can copy them all to your hard drive before you start working, or copy the exercise files for each chapter as needed. (Note: There are no exercise files for Chapter 6.) Because you will be working on and saving components of projects, then combining those components into finished work, it will be easier (and saner) to work off your local hard drive rather than trying to work off the CD. Most of the exercises include final versions of the working files and final exported SWF files so you can check your work. There is no home- work, and there are no tests (unless you count your boss asking, “Hey, since I gave you that book yesterday, can you have that interactive portfolio ready in the morning?”). All fonts required by the exercises are installed with Creative Suite 5, so you should not encounter any “missing font” messages unless you’ve manually modified your repository of fonts. While you’re welcome to rework and experiment with any content in the exercises, please don’t use any of the images or artwork commercially. Acknowledgments When I first saw the interactive features in InDesign CS5 and met the new kid on the block, Flash Catalyst, I was smitten. I thought, “I should write a book.” So I have to thank the gifted Adobe software wizards who somehow manage to think up compelling new features with every release. I’m con- vinced they have access to alien technology. (Have you seen Content Aware Fill in Photoshop CS5? I rest my case.) My thanks to Susan Rimerman for thinking this book might be a good idea, and for exercising industrial-strength patience. It was a treat to work once again with Lisa Brazieal as production editor. Jean-Claude Tremblay was invaluable as an eagle-eyed technical editor, and offered indispensable insight into Flash Professional. I owe him something a bit more tangible than gratitude. (I only hope he doesn’t say, “Oh, a Lamborghini will do.”) And while being edited might be an unconventional way to gain a new friend, that’s what happened as a result of having the delightful Erfert Fenton as an editor. I hope to actually meet all these people someday. Chapter 1 If you’ve been using Adobe InDesign to create pages for print, you’re probably comfortable with InDesign’s interface and way of thinking. So don’t be hesitant about branching out into the new interactive features of InDesign CS5; theyll feel immediately familiar to you even if you’ve never used any other tool to create ani- mation or interactive content. That’s the whole idea! Meet Your New Toys Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys2 Think of this chapter as a sort of warm-up lap to introduce you to the new tools you’ll be using. As you explore the new panels and features, you’ll add animation and interactive elements to a lesson file and discover how painless (and fun) it can be. You’ll learn how to apply and modify motion animation to make a headline drop gracefully into a page, how to import and play video, and how to preview your work before exporting. You’ll even make a slideshow from simple graphic frames. In later chapters, you’ll go into more depth with the tools you meet in this one, and before you know it you’ll be a whiz at bringing pages to life! Before you venture into the brave new world of interactivity, it’s helpful to know the meaning of a couple of important acronyms. Here’s your decoder ring: FLA: The native format of Adobe Flash Professional. FLA files can be edited in Flash Professional, but can’t be viewed online. Think of FLA files as the work- ing format for Flash; they must be exported to the SWF format for viewing. SWF: The letters stand for ShockWave Flash, the origins of which go back to a product called FutureSplash Animator, which was a competitor to Macromedia’s Shockwave. When FutureSplash was acquired by Macromedia, its name was truncated to Flash. Flash forward (so to speak) to 2005, and Flash becomes an Adobe product. The SWF format can be viewed in Adobe Flash Player (formerly the Adobe Shockwave Player), but cannot be edited in Flash. SWF files can include hyperlinks, animations, movies, sounds, page transitions, and buttons. InDesign CS5 can export FLA (editable Flash) files, which can then be fur- ther edited in Adobe Flash Professional. You’ll discover, though, that some of the behaviors created in InDesign can only be replicated or modified in Flash Professional by using a Flash-specific programming language called ActionScript. ActionScript allows you to manipulate objects and the Flash timeline to control behavior and interactions with objects. If you wish to go beyond the Flash capabilities of InDesign CS5, you’ll need to dedicate time to learning Flash and ActionScript. While ActionScript is beyond the scope of this book, I’ll recommend some resources later for those who want to dig deeper. InDesign CS5 can also export SWF files, which can be viewed online and placed into other InDesign files or Adobe PDFs, but can’t be modified in Flash. However, SWF files can be imported into a Flash project as components. Let’s Go Exploring 3 Since this book is largely focused on the Flash creation features of InDesign CS5, we’ll concentrate mainly on the tools for Flash content. But we’ll also explore the additions to the PDF creation options so you’ll be comfortable regardless of the export format you choose. As you’ll discover, while there is some overlap between the capabilities of the SWF format and those of inter- active Adobe Acrobat PDFs, Flash/SWF features are richer and more flexible than those supported by interactive PDFs alone. I’ll discuss the differences between SWF and interactive PDF capabilities later in this book. Let’s Go Exploring It’s time to explore InDesign’s new interactive panels. They’re easy to spot. Choose one of the new workspaces—Interactive or Interactive for PDF—and there they are (Figures 1.1 and 1.2). Figure 1.1 (left) Choose the new Interactive workspace to see panels appropriate for creating Flash content. Figure 1.2 (right) Choose the new Interactive for PDF workspace to activate panels appropriate for creating interactive PDFs. The new additions are Animation, Media, Object States, Preview, and Timing. (Bookmarks, Buttons, Hyperlinks, and Page Transitions are not new to InDesign CS5.) To access panels that govern interactive functions, choose Window > Interactive; all the necessary panels are available through a submenu. Now we’ll take a look at the new panels that create and control interactive fea- tures; we’ll explore all the interactive panels (old and new) in later chapters. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys4 Animation Panel Using the controls in the Animation panel, you can name a target object something meaningful (rather than just “rectangle” or the filename of a graphic), apply one of the many motion presets, specify when the animation is triggered and how it will play, scale the object over the course of the anima- tion, and even control its opacity. Any object in an InDesign document can be animated; you can create flying text frames, graphics that slowly become fully opaque, even objects that twirl around. Object Name If an object is a frame containing a placed graphic, it’s initially identified in the revamped Layers panel by the filename of the graphic. But you can change this to something more meaningful by renaming the object in the Layers panel or the Animation panel. Because you might use a button or other trigger to activate the animation of this object, you should give it a name you’ll remember later. And if you plan to place a graphic several times in a spread, but want to have each instance do something different, each frame will need its own unique name. Now you’ll explore the important sections of the Animation panel by adding some animation to an object in a project. To get started, copy the Ch_1_Exercise folder to your hard drive. NOTE: Initially, the Animation panel does not display the Properties controls. Click the small triangle to the left of the Properties label to reveal the bottom half of the Animation panel. You’ll want access to the Properties controls frequently, so this may be your preferred mode for the Animation panel. Object name Motion presets Event trigger Preview Delete animation Play controls Properties Show animation proxy Show timing panel Convert to motion path Let’s Go Exploring 5 Motion Presets In this exercise, you’ll use the Animation panel to make a headline drop in from the top of the screen. The headline starts life as a simple bit of Adobe Illustrator artwork, but you’re going to make it fly! 1. Launch InDesign CS5, and open the file VintageAd_start.indd. If you can’t see any of the pasteboard above the page, zoom out a bit. 2. Choose File > Save As, and save the file as VintageAd_working.indd. 3. Choose the Interactive workspace; you can choose Window > Workspace > Interactive, or choose from the Workspace pull-down menu near the right side of the Control panel. 4. Click the Animation panel button to expand the panel. Click the triangle next to the Properties control at the bottom of the panel to reveal all the options. 5. Choose the Selection tool (hereinafter referred to by its common name, “black arrow”), and select the Vintage Motocross headline. Note that in the Animation panel it’s identified by the artwork filename VintageHeader.ai. 6. In the Animation panel, change the name of the object to Headline, and then choose the Fly in from Top motion preset. The Animation panel shows a quick preview at the top, giving you an idea of what the motion preset does; a purple butterfly (a nod to InDesign’s original icon/mascot) drifts gracefully down from the top of the panel. Notice the green anima- tion line that appears above the headline artwork in the document page; this represents the start and end points for the fly-in motion. 7. You can preview the results of the animation settings by clicking the small Preview icon ( ) at the lower-left corner of the Animation panel; you should see the headline fly in from the top (Figure 1.3). You can pull on the corners of the Preview window to make it larger. Figure 1.3 Test your animation in the Preview panel. You can also launch Preview from the Animation, Timing, and Buttons panels. TIP: The animation line is a Bézier path, which means that you can edit its shape with the Pen tool. If you want to experiment, just select the animation line with the Direct Selection tool (white arrow), then switch to the Pen tool to add curvature. Whee! Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys6 8. If you want to change the speed of the headline’s fly-in, experiment with the Duration settings in the Play Controls section of the Animation panel. You can even loop the fly-in (but that’s a cruel thing to do to the end user). Event Trigger By default, animations play automatically when the page is displayed, but animations can be triggered by other events, such as the click of a button. In the Vintage Motocross file, there is a custom animation al- ready in place, but it doesn’t yet have any trigger to set it in motion. You’ll fix the animation so it’s triggered when the page is displayed. 1. In the Layers panel, click the eyeball visibility control to show the wheel layer, and then click the triangle to the left of the layer name to expand the display of the layer’s contents. There’s only one object in the layer, an Illustrator file named BikeWheel.ai. Click the small square to the right of the BikeWheel.ai entry in the layer to target the bike wheel artwork. If necessary, zoom out to see the wheel artwork in the pasteboard to the right of the page. 2. Select the wheel with the black arrow, and you’ll see the curving green line that indicates a custom motion preset (Figure 1.4). In a later exercise, you’ll create your own custom motion preset; any path can become a mo- tion guide for an animation. 3. In the Animation panel, note that the preset is labeled as Custom, but there’s no event listed as a trigger to start the animation. Click the small downward- pointing triangle next to the word Choose to select On Page Load from the pull-down menu that appears (Figure 1.5). Set the Duration to 3.5 seconds. Figure 1.4 Select the wheel art to view the custom motion path. Let’s Go Exploring 7 Figure 1.5 Choose On Page Load to trigger the wheel animation. Note the other options available. 4. Click the Preview icon at the bottom left of the Animation panel to open the Preview panel and see the results. Note how the wheel follows the curving motion path. 5. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section. Play Controls While the canned motion presets are a great start, you’ll often want to modify the behavior of an animation. You can control the duration, repetition, and pace of the animation with the play controls in the Animation panel. 1. If necessary, reselect the wheel and open the Animation panel. If the Properties section of the panel is hidden, click the triangle to the left of the Properties control to display the additional controls. 2. Change the Speed setting to Ease Out and preview the result. Notice how the wheel slows down before it comes to a stop, rather than moving at a uniform speed. 3. Change the Rotate attribute to -180°—now the wheel will spin slowly during its animation. Change the Duration to 5 seconds, and preview the result. 4. Set the Opacity to Fade In and preview the change. 5. Change the Opacity back to None (meaning that there will be no opacity effects), and then change the Scale setting to 50% and preview the results. The wheel looks like it’s bouncing away from you as it moves from right to left. 6. Save the file, and leave it open for the next section. Preview Panel As you add more complexity to interactive documents, you may wish to con- centrate on the behavior of a single object, or test links that jump to other spreads in the file, or hyperlinks that lead to Web sites. By default, the Preview TIP: Pull the Preview panel loose from the panel dock so that it’s a floating panel, and pull on its corners to increase its size. That way, every time you choose to preview by clicking the Preview icon in the Animation, Timing, or Buttons panel, you can keep the original panel open while previewing. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys8 panel shows the current spread, but you can change that. It also offers navi- gation controls, allowing you to page through a multipage document to test internal links. In addition, the Preview panel warns you if links are missing, or if any content is incompatible with the Flash Player (Figure 1.6). 1. Select the wheel, and choose the Preview Selection option ( ) and click the Play button ( ) in the Preview panel. Only the wheel animation appears in the Preview panel. 2. With the wheel still selected, choose the Preview Spread option ( ) and click the Play button again to see the entire page in action. Since this document has only one single-page spread, the Preview Document button ( ) won’t be helpful. (Although it might seem odd to refer to a single page as a spread, that’s how InDesign thinks of a single, non-facing page. You can have from one to ten pages in a spread. If you wish to view the behavior of the entire document—for example, to test cross-references— the Preview Document option is very helpful.) 3. Keep the document open for the next section. Timing Panel Animations play in the order in which they were created, which is not always what you want. You may want to change the order of animations, or have multiple animations play simultaneously. The Timing panel (Figure 1.7) helps you control the order in which animations play, and gives you the option of setting a delay between a triggering event and the beginning of an animation. Figure 1.6 Preview panel controls and options Play preview Clear preview Go to previous spread Go to next spread Preview document Preview spread Preview selection Missing link or incompatibility with Flash Player Let’s Go Exploring 9 1. In the Layers panel, click the visibility control for the video layer, and then click the triangle to the left of the layer name to display the objects in the layer. The only object is the filmstrip artwork, Filmstrip.ai. Click the small square to the right of the Filmstrip.ai name to target it. Because the filmstrip art is the only object in the video layer, you can also Option-click or Alt-click the layer name; this selects all objects in a layer. The black filmstrip art looks static, but it is set to fade in slowly. 2. Preview the animation by clicking the Play button in the Preview panel, or by clicking the Preview icon in the Timing panel. Notice that the filmstrip fades in before the headline and wheel animations occur. You’ll change that in the following steps. 3. Select the filmstrip art and look at its behavior in the Animation panel; it’s set to use the Fade-in preset, with a custom duration of 1 second. 4. Open the Timing panel (Window > Interactive > Timing). The Filmstrip.ai art is first in the list, so it plays before the headline and wheel animations start. Change the order of animations by dragging the Filmstrip.ai object to the bottom of the list (Figure 1.8). Now it will play after the headline drop and wheel-roll are finished. Test the results by clicking the Preview icon in the Timing panel. 5. You’ve corrected the order in which the animations play, but now there’s an awkward delay before the filmstrip art appears. In the Timing panel, select the BikeWheel.ai object, and then Shift-click the Filmstrip.ai object. Click the Play Together icon ( ) at the bottom of the Timing panel. Preview the new timing; now the filmstrip fades in as the wheel rolls, but its appearance covers up the last bit of the wheel’s trip across the page. Figure 1.7 The Timing panel lets you control the order of animations, as well as add delays. You can set multiple animations to play simultaneously. Preview Play separately Play together Figure 1.8 Change the order of animations by dragging the Filmstrip.ai object to the bottom of the list in the Timing panel. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys10 6. If you play the filmstrip after the wheel, it’s too late. If you play the filmstrip simultaneously with the wheel, it’s too early. What’s the “just right” solution? Add a little delay to the filmstrip’s appearance. Select the Filmstrip.ai object in the Timing panel, and set the Delay to 1.75 seconds (you can use the up/down controls to the left of the Delay field rather than bothering with typing). 7. Preview the new setting and see what you think. The filmstrip fades in just as the wheel disappears behind it. While it might seem counterintuitive to play two animations simultaneously while adding a delay to one of them, sometimes it’s the easiest way to exercise granular control over what plays when. Save the file and leave it open for the next section. Media Panel InDesign CS5 allows you to import high-quality video and audio, and makes it easy to add professional-looking play controls. The Media panel (Figure 1.9) gives you control over the appearance and behavior of multimedia files. As with animations, you can control what triggers the multimedia content to play. You can also add a poster to represent the multimedia in the page if you want to control its appearance. A poster can be a frame from the video, a Figure 1.9 Use the Media panel to control the behavior of placed audio and video files. You can even add navigation points to a video, which can be triggered by buttons or events. Place video from url Set options for PDF export Place video or audio file Preview Play movie preview Play on page load Choose poster Controller Add/remove navigation points Navigation points Let’s Go Exploring 11 high-resolution image to represent an audio or video file, or InDesign’s default graphic placeholders. 1. In the VintageAd_working.indd file, target the video layer. You’ll place a video on top of the filmstrip art. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_1_Exercise folder, and select moto1.f4v. Click in the page to place the file on the filmstrip art. Select the video with the black arrow and, using the mouse or your keyboard arrows, position the outline of the video so it looks like a frame in the filmstrip (Figure 1.10). 2. Now you’ll experiment with the four options InDesign offers for the rep- resentation of the video in the document. If necessary, select the placed video with the black arrow, and choose the None option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. To see how the video will appear in the final export, press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl- Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. Because (oddly) there is no option in the Media panel to automatically launch Preview, the keystroke-combo method is easier than accessing the Preview panel manually. The green outline and diagonal lines disappear, and there’s no indication that a video exists in that location. To play the video, the end user would have to accidentally click the video’s location, or you’d have to provide some other guidance (such as a caption or a click- able button that plays the video). There’s such a thing as being too subtle; you need to help the end user find content and interactive features if they’re not obvious. 3. InDesign offers built-in generic filmstrip artwork to represent a video. If necessary, reselect the video, and then choose the Standard option from the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. Press Command-Shift- Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. As before, the green frame and diagonal lines disappear because they’re just indicators of the area of the video (Figure 1.11). If you didn’t have the cute Illustrator filmstrip artwork, the Standard option might be OK, but there are more attractive options. 4. If necessary, select the placed video with the black arrow, and then choose the From Current Frame option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. By default, InDesign displays the first frame of the video, but you can select any frame. You can drag the little slider underneath the preview pane in the Media panel to find a frame you like, or you can step back and forth through the frames one by one by using the left and right arrow keys on your keyboard. There’s a nice frame at the 00:06.63 mark Figure 1.10 A placed video initially just indicates the area occupied by the file. The green frame and stripes do not print or appear in exported files. Figure 1.11 The Standard poster displays a white rectangle containing a filmstrip icon. Figure 1.12 The Current Frame represents the video with a frame you choose from the video. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys12 (Figure 1.12). To designate the chosen frame as the poster, click the pair of curly arrows to the right of the From Current Frame pull-down menu. To see how the video will appear in the final export, press Command-Shift- Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. 5. If you want a different image to represent the video in the document, you can choose any PSD, TIFF, PNG, JPEG, or GIF image for placement (you can’t use Illustrator AI or EPS files, though). When you place the image, you can then reposition and scale it as you would any image. It will seem as though you actually have two items occupying the same frame in the document: the video, and the image representing it. If necessary, reselect the placed video with the black arrow, and select the Choose Image option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. Navigate to the Ch_1_Exercise folder and select MoviePoster.psd. If nec- essary, choose Object > Fitting > Fill Frame Proportionally (Figure 1.13). Play the preview to check the results. The new poster lets the viewer know they should click to play the video; however, if they click immediately they might miss the descending headline and bouncing wheel. Instead, it would be nice if the image faded in after the headline, wheel, and filmstrip art. 6. Look in the Animation, Media, and Timing panels; there’s no way to address the speed or timing of the appearance of the poster image, since it’s more or less considered a decoration for the video. So you’ll have to cheat. Since a poster can’t be animated, you’ll remove it from the video. Select the frame containing the video and poster and choose the None poster option in the Media panel. 7. Choose File > Place, and then choose MoviePoster.psd. Now you’re placing it as a graphic, not as a poster attribute for the video, so you can handle it a bit differently. Position it appropriately on top of the filmstrip art. It should fit nicely, since its size was set to match the pixel dimensions of the video, but of course that’s not necessary. In the Layers panel, drag the MoviePoster.psd object below the moto1.f4v video object (Figure 1.14); otherwise, the video won’t be clickable. Keep the poster frame selected for the next step. Figure 1.14 Make sure the video is above the poster in stacking order, or it won’t be selectable or clickable. Figure 1.13 You can represent the video with any image. Here, the image also acts as a hint that there’s a video in the document. Let’s Go Exploring 13 8. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade-In preset, and leave the other settings at their defaults. Look in the Timing panel: The poster image fades in last because it’s last in the list of animations. The default timing works nicely, but you can modify it if you like. Press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. 9. It would be nice to add a play controller to the video so the end user can play, pause, and stop the video. InDesign provides a number of prebuilt controller skins for you to use. In the Layers panel, click the small triangle to the left of the name of the video layer to display all the objects in the layer. Target the video by clicking the small green square to the right of the video’s name, <moto1.f4v> (or just select the video in the document with the black arrow). In the Media panel, choose SkinOverAllNoCaption from the Controller pull-down menu, and select the Show Controller on Rollover option (Figure 1.15). (The rollover option causes the controller to appear when the user mouses over a running video; it does not cause the controller to appear if the user mouses over the area of the video be- fore the video has been triggered to run.) Figure 1.15 InDesign offers an extensive selection of controller skins that allow the end user to play, pause, and stop the video. You can embed video for viewing in a SWF or interactive PDF, or you can in- clude external links that refer to the video file. While external links mean that you don’t have to host (or include) the video file, this method can complicate deployment if the target video is moved or deleted. While InDesign allows you to place a number of multimedia formats, the ap- propriate format for your project depends on how you plan to export it, and the capabilities of your proposed audience. TIP: You can name any object in the Layers panel. By default, geometric shapes are named by their species (rectangle, ellipse, etc.), and placed graph- ics are named by their filename, but you can modify the name of any object. Just select the object in the Layers panel, wait a second, and the name will highlight for retyping. This can help you retain your sanity in a very complex document. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys14 While you can place multimedia files in Flash Video (FLV, F4V), H.264- encoded files (for example, MP4), QuickTime (MOV), AVI or SWF format, only certain types (FLV, F4V, SWF, MP3, MP4) are supported by Adobe Flash Player version 10 or later. QuickTime (MOV), AVI, and MPEG are supported in exported interactive PDFs, but not in exported Flash (SWF or FLA) files. For maximum flexibility, stick with the FLV and F4V formats for video, and the MP3 format for audio, and educate your potential audience so they can take advantage of rich media. Gently suggest (or insist) that they adopt the most recent version of Adobe Flash Player. Provide links for the current download for the free Flash Player. Object States Multistate objects consist of groups of multiple frames linked together by a common behavior; their appearance can be triggered by external sources, such as buttons. One of the most common uses for multistate objects is to create slideshows. The Object States panel (Figure 1.16) allows you to add or delete states, and to control the visibility of the multistate object until it is triggered. Figure 1.16 Multistate objects consist of multiple frames that are all governed by an external trigger, such as a button. Delete state New state Paste copied objects into current state Let’s Go Exploring 15 1. You’ll convert several graphic frames into a single multistate object, which will be controlled by two clickable buttons. In the Layers panel, select the slideshow layer and click the small triangle to the left of the layer name to reveal all the objects in the layer. Click the small square to the right of the object named <moto_1.jpg>. Holding down the Shift key, click <moto_2.jpg>, <moto_3.jpg>, and <moto_4.jpg>. Alternatively, since the moto images are the only objects in the slideshow layer, you can Option/Alt-click the small square to the right of the slideshow layer name in the Layers panel. 2. Using either the Align controls in the Control panel or the Align panel (Window > Object & Layout > Align), align the top and left edges of the four selected frames (Figure 1.17). You don’t need to group the objects; just keep them selected for the next step. 3. In the Object States panel (Window > Interactive > Object States), click the Convert Selection to Multistate Object button ( ) at the bottom of the panel. Name the new multistate object motoslides. 4. Now you’ll set up the yellow triangle buttons to page through the slide- show created by the multistate object. (Later in the book, you’ll learn how to create and control buttons. In this document, you’ve been given a head start; the buttons are already in place, and you’ll just have to add the appropriate actions.) Select the left triangle, and then open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Name the button prev, and then click the small plus sign to the right of the word Actions. Choose Go to Previous State from the pull-down menu. The Object pull-down should automatically read motoslides, since it’s the only multistate object in the document. Figure 1.17 Shift-click to target and select the four moto images in the Layers panel (left), and then align their top and left edges (below). Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys16 5. Select the right yellow triangle and then follow the steps above, but assign the Go to Next State action. By default, the slideshow will cycle when the end user clicks the buttons; you can restrict this by checking the Stop at First State option. For this document, leave that option unchecked. See Figure 1.18 for the correct settings. 6. Reselect the motoslides multistate object if necessary, and then Shift- click to select the two triangular buttons on either side of the slides. Group all three objects together, and then preview the results; you can test the buttons in the Preview panel. (It’s not necessary to group the objects for functionality; the buttons will recognize their target by object name whether they’re grouped or not. But grouping ensures that the arrange- ment of objects will be maintained if you click accidentally. Additionally, if the entire slideshow-and-button assembly is grouped, you could add animation to the whole shebang at a later time.) 7. Now—finally!—you’ll export your project and view it in a browser. Save your working file, and then choose File > Save As and name the file VintageAd_final.indd. Create a folder (say, on your desktop), then return to InDesign and choose File > Export, choosing Flash Player (SWF) for the export format. Make sure the default View SWF After Exporting option is checked, leave everything at the defaults, and click OK. Your default browser should launch, and you can test all the features you’ve created. You’ll see the headline descend, and the wheel bounce in from the right. Play the video, experimenting with the controller. Cycle through the slide- show, making sure the buttons work as you expect. Isn’t that cool? And you didn’t have to write a single line of code! Figure 1.18 Use these settings for the triangle buttons that will allow the end user to cycle through the slideshow. 17Looking Ahead 8. Open the folder you created, and view the directory structure and files that were created as you worked on your project (Figure 1.19). InDesign creates a “host” HTML file to contain and display the SWF in a browser; if you’re curious, open the HTML file in a text editor to see what’s inside. It may look foreign if you’ve never looked at HTML code before, but it makes sense to a developer who might build on this basic start (or start from scratch). The entire folder should take up less than 1.5MB of disk space. Looking Ahead In future chapters, we’ll dig deeper into the functions of the interactive tools; the more you know, the more fun you can have. It’s also important to consider the end user’s experience. For truly successful deployment of your interactive content, you have to anticipate the user’s needs and reactions to your inter- active documents. This can mean a lot of hard work on your part in order to make it much easier for the person on the other side of the screen. Later on, we’ll tackle best practices and deployment issues to get you headed in the right direction. Figure 1.19 View the files that were created when you exported the project to SWF. This page intentionally left blank Chapter 2 Designing for onscreen viewing is a bit different from designing for print. It’s not just a matter of switching to a horizontal format; you have to simplify presenta- tion and help the end user find a logical path through the content. As the content creator, you have to work really hard to make things very easy for the user. You have to anticipate the user’s needs to ensure that their experience is positive. While the goal is still to present information in an attractive way, the approach has to be a bit different in terms of presentation, navigation, and deployment. Basic Interactivity and Navigation 20 Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation Presentation The readers of a printed piece are viewing content by reflected light; if text is hard to read, they can seek a brighter reading light (or stronger glasses). But the viewer of onscreen content has limited options; they’re unlikely to fiddle with the monitor resolution or brightness to read small or illegible text. It’s up to you to anticipate the user’s viewing conditions and compensate for the realities of onscreen viewing. View a PDF of a printed piece onscreen, and you’ll start to get an idea of some of the differences between printed and onscreen documents. Open the file BF_Print.pdf in the Ch_2_Exercise folder (Figure 2.1). Welcome to Baker-Feldman City Park Enjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park. Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery! Figure 2.1 A four-page brochure that’s appropriate for print needs to be reformatted horizontally for effective onscreen viewing. 21Presentation Start thinking about what you’d change if you were repurposing this content for a better onscreen viewing experience. Whether you’re planning to create Flash, PDF, or HTML content, the issues are largely the same. Here are some considerations: ■ Use a horizontal format. This is perhaps the most obvious difference between print and onscreen viewing. Most print materials follow a verti- cal format, which doesn’t always translate comfortably to the horizontal format of computer monitors. Plan your design with the horizontal format in mind; it will dictate your layout as well as your choice of content. For example, landscape-format images may fit into your design more easily than tall, narrow graphics (see Figure 2.2). Welcome to Baker-Feldman City Park Enjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park. Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery! Click here to get started... ■ Use a screen-appropriate page size. Just switching a letter-sized or A4 page to landscape mode isn’t quite the answer. Even though most users have a reasonably sized monitor that’s capable of at least 1024 by 768 resolution (and many have monitors capable of even higher resolutions), filling the entire area of that screen isn’t necessary (or optimal). InDesign offers several default document presets that are appropriate for Web- based viewing. Figure 2.2 The same content, formatted for onscreen viewing. Note the larger graphics, simpler text, and horizontal page format. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation22 ■ Shorten the line length of text. Readers are more comfortable with shorter line lengths (3 to 6 inches), even when reading printed content. Do a little experiment: Open a few magazines and books, and take note of your own reading experience. You’ll find that when you’re traversing longer lines, you use a few extra microseconds to find the start of the next line. Shorter line widths yield easier reading. Of course, this can require more vertical scrolling or multipage navigation if you have lots of text. This leads to the next point... ■ Simplify editorial content. Unless you’re being paid by the word, figure out a way to say more with less. Write more concisely. Replace a long para- graph with a well-crafted bullet point. Let headlines do some of the talking. Move secondary content to another location, and provide links for readers who want to dig deeper. ■ Ensure readability with legible text. Minimum text size should be 10 or 12 points. While serif and sans serif fonts are equally readable at larger sizes, sans serif fonts are more reliable at smaller sizes, especially when text is white or light-colored on a dark background. Text size and styles aren’t the only issues; contrast and color also play a part. Charcoal gray text on a black background may look chic in a printed piece, but onscreen viewing benefits from higher contrast. Red text on a green background is, well, just plain cruel. ■ Link to a printable version. If you feel it’s necessary to provide the reader with a print-oriented version (for example, to include a larger, more detailed map), include a link to a downloadable PDF. Navigation Readers don’t need to be educated about how to read a book. When reading a novel, they know to start at the front cover and proceed toward the back (and the surprise ending). In a reference book, the table of contents is the primary navigational aid. For a reader thumbing through a book, chapter titles may be enough guidance. Rarely does a book consist of one long, unin- terrupted flow of text; there are logical divisions to the content. In an online environment, you have to lead the viewer through your information so they follow a logical path. And you have to provide a clear method of navigating nonlinear content so they can find what’s important. A SWF or interactive PDF file launches somewhat like a book, but the reader can’t just thumb through it to get an aerial view. It’s up to you to provide a road map. Think about some of the options: 23Navigation ■ Use a hyperlinked table of contents. A table of contents (TOC) doesn’t have to be formal, with extensive descriptions and page numbers. Think of the TOC as the 10,000-foot view, giving the reader an idea where the major topics are to be found. Hyperlinked entries let the reader jump to the sub- ject that interests them, without having to wade through other topics first. InDesign can generate a table of contents based on paragraph styles used in the document, and the TOC is automatically hyperlinked to the content it references, whether you export to SWF or interactive PDF. Bonus: Clickable bookmarks are generated from TOC entries in an interactive PDF. ■ Use cross-references. If portions of the content are interrelated, provide cross-references to enable the reader to quickly jump to related sections. InDesign CS5 makes this fairly easy, allowing you to create dynamic links based on text anchors or text tagged with paragraph styles. ■ Create hyperlinks. You can manually create hyperlinks to content within the same document (similar to cross-references, above) or to Web ad- dresses that provide additional information. You can also use the hyperlink format to provide e-mail links for your readers. ■ Provide navigational aids. If a document is just a single run of text con- tinued across multiple pages, it may be obvious to the reader that when they’re finished reading the content of one page, they should go to the next page. But how do they get there? The page curl page-turning effect included in InDesign’s default SWF export options is cute, but unless the user already knows that the corners of the page are “hot spots” that pro- vide a mechanism for turning pages, he’s doomed to stare at the same page forever. Help the reader by providing unambiguous controls, such as previ- ous page/next page buttons, and a “home” button to take them back to a comfortable starting point, such as the first page or the table of contents. ■ Test your document. You’ve been looking at your project for so long that you don’t have to think about the content or its presentation, so perhaps you’re not the best judge of whether it’s intuitive to navigate. Enlist an inno- cent bystander to test the navigability of the document. Do they need to be told what to click? Do they immediately understand the controls? If not, per- haps you need to make the controls simpler and more obvious, or provide an introductory page that explains the document’s structure and naviga- tional controls. If possible, choose a control subject who’s typical of your potential audience; don’t expect your Aunt Ruth to make sense of a highly stylized presentation intended for your design peers. (Although chances are if she can find her way around, almost anyone can. No offense to Aunt Ruth.) Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation24 Deployment Once you’ve finished your interactive creation, the next step is to get it out into the world so other people can appreciate it. When content creation and testing are finished, it’s time to export to SWF or interactive PDF. (Since this book is about Flash content, we’ll limit this discussion to the SWF file format.) You have several options for deploying SWF files: ■ Post the file on the Web and provide the URL so users can view it in a Web browser (if they have Adobe Flash Player installed). ■ Send the SWF on disc or as an email attachment and instruct the recipient to download and install the latest Flash Player (http://get.adobe.com/ flashplayer). The user can then launch a browser and view the locally stored SWF file. ■ Send the SWF file to users with Adobe Media Player (http://www.adobe. com/products/mediaplayer); they can open and play the SWF directly in Media Player. ■ Embed the SWF file into a PDF and send the PDF to users with Adobe Acrobat 9 Standard or Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro, or Adobe Reader 9. While users of version 6.0 of Acrobat Standard, Pro, or Reader can view embed- ded video content, they must have the appropriate multimedia viewer installed (such as QuickTime or Windows Media Player). A multimedia viewer is built into Reader and Acrobat 9, so no external player is required. You can embed a SWF file in a PDF by opening the PDF in Acrobat 9 Pro and using Acrobat’s multimedia tools. Alternatively, you can place the SWF into an InDesign CS5 document and export to interactive PDF. In either case, the PDF must have Acrobat 6 (PDF 1.5) or higher compatibility; sup- port for embedded video and Flash content was introduced with Acrobat 6.0. (While earlier versions of InDesign allow the placement of SWF con- tent, you may find that the SWF does not play correctly in the exported PDF. So stick with InDesign CS5 for best results.) Adding Navigational Controls Now you’ll open a file in progress and add cross-references and navigation buttons to help the end user get around. You’ll also create a Table of Contents style so InDesign can generate an automatically hyperlinked table of contents. You’ll create a rollover effect that allows the user to display additional content. And you’ll be pleasantly surprised at how easy all of this is. Adding Navigational Controls 25 To view the final version of the project, launch a Web browser with the cur- rent version of Adobe Flash Player installed, navigate to the Finished folder inside the Ch_2_Exercise folder, and open index.html. (If you’re using Adobe Media Player, just open the SWF file in that folder, bfpark.swf.) Page through the document, and try out the buttons that take you to the previous or next page, as well as the Home button that takes you back to the table of contents on the “Learn About the Park” page. Try out the links in the table of contents, and test the cross-references (e.g., “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4”) on the “About the Park” page. Do you think the various navigational controls do a good job of leading you through the document? If you click the URL on the Directions page, you’ll receive an alert (Figure 2.3). You won’t see this alert if you’re viewing a Web-hosted SWF in a browser. This is meant to protect you from malicious code being invoked by a link in a SWF file. If you wish to examine your current Flash Player Security settings, click the Settings button. Figure 2.3 Attempt to exercise a Web link in a locally stored SWF, and you’ll be intercepted by the Flash Player Security alert. Click the Settings button to launch the Settings Manager. When you click the Settings button, you’ll be taken to a Web page and prompted to change your local Flash viewing settings (Figure 2.4). As the link itself informs you, what looks like just a screen shot at the top of the page is in fact the Flash Player Settings Manager. Figure 2.4 The Settings Manager allows you to control how Web links are handled while you’re viewing a SWF file. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation26 If you’d prefer to not alter your Flash Player settings (and, for safety’s sake, it’s a good idea not to), but would like to test the URL hyperlink, you can view the SWF on the Web rather than locally: http://www.practicalia.net/bfpark. Notice that the document contains the same material as the printed piece, but redesigned for onscreen viewing. Generating a Table of Contents While a table of contents might seem like a print-centric concept, it can serve a valuable purpose in a multipage interactive file. With just a bit of work up front, InDesign can generate a table of entries that are automatically hyper- linked to content in the document (hence the term table of contents). You’re about to see how easy it is to build a table of contents—and the secret ingre- dient is the paragraph style. 1. Launch InDesign CS5. If you haven’t already copied the Ch_2_Exercise folder to your hard drive, do that now. In the Ch_2_Exercise folder, open BF_Start.indd. Save the file as BF_Working.indd in the same folder before you start modifying it. 2. First, you’ll create a table of contents that will provide dynamic links enabling the reader to jump to topics within the document. InDesign uses paragraph styles to identify text to be harvested for a TOC. Navigate to page 3, select the Type tool, and click in the text “About the Park.” Choose Window > Styles > Paragraph Styles. In the Paragraph Styles panel, the Topics paragraph style is highlighted. That’s the style you’ll be looking for as you construct the TOC. Don’t worry, InDesign will do all the heavy lifting for you. 3. Go to page 2; this is where you’ll place the TOC text. Choose Layout > Table of Contents Styles. 4. In the Table of Contents Styles panel that appears, click the New button. Creating a new style allows you to name the style and leave the Default style untouched. The New Table of Contents Style dialog appears (Figure 2.5). Click the More Options button so you see the panel in the mode shown below. Adding Navigational Controls 27 Use the following settings: ■ In the Title field, delete the default text; InDesign won’t generate title text. ■ In the Include Paragraph Styles section, select the Topics style in the right column and click the Add button (or just double-click the Topics style name; you may have to scroll down in the list to find it). This tells InDesign, “Find all text tagged with the Topics style and add it to the TOC.” ■ Tell InDesign how to format the TOC content. For Entry Style, choose TOC Entry (a style already created in the document), and for Page Number, select No Page Number. Click OK. At this point, you’ve created the recipe InDesign uses to gener- ate the TOC, but you haven’t set things in motion yet. 5. Now you’ll generate the TOC text. Choose Layout > Table of Contents. In a case of page-layout déjà vu, it seems that you were just here a minute ago. It’s InDesign’s polite way of saying “I know you want to make a TOC, but here’s one last chance to change your settings.” Click OK, and InDesign gives you a loaded text cursor. Figure 2.5 Setting up the Table of Contents style. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation28 6. Click inside the ghosted text frame and view the table of contents. If you have a red overset text indicator, don’t panic—it’s just a leftover paragraph return. While it won’t result in an incorrect link, it may mess up the verti- cal alignment of the TOC within the frame, so it’s worth fixing. Choose Type > Show Hidden Characters so you can see the extra paragraph return, and then select and delete it. 7. To test the table of contents links, open the Preview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview), and click the Preview Document Mode button ( ). This allows you to view the entire document, rather than just the current spread, and lets you test internal document links. Click the Play button ( ) in the Preview panel to build the preview. The first page appears, and the Luna moth flies across from right to left. Using the page con- trols at the bottom of the Preview panel, go to page 2, and then click the Park Activities link; it should take you to page 5 of the document in the Preview panel. 8. You knew to click the TOC link because you were instructed to do so; a reader might not suspect that they should do that. That’s why there’s a bit of instruction above the ghosted text frame: “Click to view topics.” Include such little bits of guidance in your own documents so the unsus- pecting reader knows what to do. All of your work in creating the TOC would be lost if the reader had no idea the entries were clickable. Now you see why paragraph styles are for more than just controlling the appearance of text; they’re also a mechanism for tagging text so you can use it as the basis for a TOC. And in an upcoming section, you’ll use paragraph styles as part of creating cross-references. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section. Creating Navigation Buttons Readers can use the clickable TOC entries to get to a specific topic in the document, but what if they just want to page through the document on their own? How can they get back to the TOC? InDesign can include cute little “page curl” effects on the corners, but unless the user suspects that the page corners are hot spots, this isn’t helpful. And the page corners don’t offer any way to pages other than the previous or next page. You need to provide a more flexible system of navigation. Buttons can act as triggers for a wide variety of functions, and can change their appearance based on their state (up, down, rollover). You’ll spend more Adding Navigational Controls 29 quality time with buttons in a later chapter, but this exercise will let you get acquainted with some of the possibilities buttons afford. 1. If necessary, navigate to page 2. Open the Layers panel (Window > Layers), and make the Buttons layer visible by clicking in the “eyeball” column of the Layers panel. Three buttons appear on the page; currently, they all have the same appearance, but you’ll change both their appearance and their function. 2. You can’t select the buttons on page 2; the dotted border indicates that they are master page items (Figure 2.6). You could unlock the buttons and modify them, but then you’d have to do the same thing on all pages. It makes more sense to just edit the buttons once on the master page. In the Pages panel (Window > Pages), double-click the A-Master page icon. Now you can edit the buttons’ appearance, and give them something to do. 3. All three buttons use the same Adobe Illustrator artwork, NavButtons.ai. While each button could have been created from a separate Illustrator file, stacking up all the artwork in one file means you just have to manage one file. You can use Object Layer Options in InDesign to control layer visibility within Illustrator, Photoshop, and placed PDF files. Select the left button, and then choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options panel, turn off the visibility for the next and home layers, leaving only the prev layer visible (Figure 2.7), and then click OK. Figure 2.7 Use Object Layer Options to control the visibility of layers in Illustrator, Photoshop, or PDF files. 4. Select the right button, and use Object Layer Options to turn off the home and prev layers, leaving only the next layer visible. The middle button’s appearance is OK as it is, so you don’t have to do anything to it yet. 5. Now the buttons look the part, but they aren’t truly buttons yet. The “prev” button will take readers to the previous page, the “next” button will take them to the next page, and the “home” button will take them back to the TOC page. Select the “prev” button, and then open the Buttons Figure 2.6 Because the buttons are master page objects, they can’t be edited on the document page without unlocking. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation30 panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). To convert the selected object to a button, you can either choose Object > Interactive > Convert to Button, or click the Convert to Button icon ( ) on the bottom of the Buttons panel. (You can also select the object in the page, and then right-click and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu that appears.) Now the Buttons panel comes to life, and you can give the button something to do. 6. Name the button prev rather than using the default name InDesign assigns. For Event, choose On Release; this is the instant you release the mouse button after clicking, and it’s when a user expects something to happen. Click the plus sign next to Actions, and then select Go To Previous Page from the list of possible actions (Figure 2.8). Notice how many actions are available, and note that the list contains two sublists: actions that are SWF-only, and actions that are PDF-only. The top part of the list contains actions that work in either export format. Figure 2.8 Assign the Go to Previous Page action to the On Release event of the “prev” button. 7. Select the “next” button object, and convert it to a button using either method described above. Name the button next, and for Action, choose the Go to Next Page action. If you like, check your work so far by running a preview in the Preview panel. 8. The “home” button will take users back to the TOC on page 2. Convert the object to a button, and name it home. In the Buttons panel, choose the Go to Page action from the SWF Only portion of the action list, and type 2 in the page field. Leave the other settings at their default values. Adding Navigational Controls 31 9. The cover page will need a “next page” button to lead the reader into the file, so copy the next button to the clipboard, and then double-click the page 1 icon in the Pages panel to go to page 1. Make sure the Buttons layer is still targeted in the Layers panel, and paste the button on the cover page. Reposition the button so it follows the text “Click here to get started...” (Figure 2.9). 10. Test all your buttons in the Preview panel, and fix anything that’s gone awry. Note that you don’t have to unlock the buttons on the docu- ment pages; they’ll function just fine in all the pages as master objects. If all the buttons are behaving, save the file and leave it open for the next section. Or close the file and take a break. Creating a Rollover Effect When you want to display multiple large images in a small page, sometimes the best way is to not show them all at once, but provide small thumbnails as triggers to display the large images one by one, using a rollover effect. A rollover is accomplished by using buttons, and consists of two pieces: a target button to contain the graphic you want to temporarily display, and a button to trigger the appearance of the target button. The mechanism is referred to as Show/Hide Buttons in InDesign. The effect can be activated by clicking the trigger button, or by rolling over the button area. In this docu- ment, you’ll use the rollover effect. 1. Go to page 4 of the document, and open the Preview panel if it isn’t already open. Change the preview mode to Preview Spread Mode ( ) so you don’t have to wade through the full document preview to see what’s happening on page 4. Note the instruction built right into the page: “Roll over a thumbnail for a larger view.” Test the existing rollovers; as you roll over a thumbnail, a larger version of the image appears, accompanied by a text frame with information about the image or the park feature it represents. As you roll over the next thumbnail, the previous large image disappears, because the button action of the thumbnail is set to show one image while hiding all the other images. 2. Now that you’ve seen the desired effect, you’ll set up a rollover action of your own. Zoom out until you can see the image and text frame in the pasteboard to the left of the page. Select both frames and group them (Object > Group). Then, move the grouped objects into the page and posi- tion them to match the other large images and text frames. You don’t have Figure 2.9 The “next page” button on the cover invites readers into the document. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation32 to be exact—remember, the other frames disappear, so no two frames appear simultaneously. 3. The large image and text frame need to become a button so their visibility can be controlled by another button—the other half of the two-member button team. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons), and reselect the grouped large image and text frame if necessary. Convert the group to a button by one of the methods you learned earlier, and name the button dairy. Check the Hidden Until Triggered option in the Buttons panel so the image won’t appear until you want it to. 4. Now you’ll create the button that triggers the appearance of the dairy farm image. Select the dairy farm thumbnail (the last image on the right in the row of thumbnails), and convert it to a button. Name the button showdairy, choose the On Roll Over event, and assign the Show/Hide Buttons action. Note that this thumbnail button needs to accomplish several things. It needs to show the large dairy graphic and it needs to force any other large graphics to hide, so it needs to address the behavior of multiple target buttons. The Show/Hide controls can be a bit confusing at first glance, so a decoder can be helpful (Figure 2.10). Figure 2.10 Show/Hide Buttons controls. The “X” option means “leave it alone.” ■ The solid eyeball icon means “make the target button visible.” ■ The crossed-out eyeball icon means “hide the target button.” ■ The “X” means “leave the target button alone; use its existing visibility setting.” 5. Just setting the target button (dairy) to show isn’t enough. You also have to hide the other large graphics that shouldn’t be visible when the dairy graphic is visible, and you have to make sure that no other buttons are adversely affected. It’s a bit tedious, especially since the Buttons panel doesn’t allow you to expand the list of current buttons; you can see only three of them simultaneously in the claustrophobic little Visibility section Retain button’s existing visibility Hide target button Make target button visible Adding Navigational Controls 33 of the Buttons panel. (Let’s hope this is fixed in a future release.) As you scroll through the list of buttons, use the settings shown in Figure 2.11. Essentially, you’re making the large dairy graphic visible, hiding all the other large graphics in the spread, and making sure you don’t accidentally hide the other thumbnail buttons or the navigation buttons. 6. After you’ve set the visibility options for all the necessary buttons, preview the results. Fix any problems, and preview one last time. Once you get the hang of “hide this, show that,” the creation of rollovers is conceptually easy, if somewhat tedious. 7. Whew! This would be a good time for a break. I’m hungry—how about you? Save the file, and leave it open for the next section (or close it if you’ve had enough scrolling and clicking for one day). Creating a Cross-Reference While buttons can lead a reader from page to page, sometimes you want to provide more specific control. In a printed piece, cross-references can lead a reader to related information. They can serve the same purpose in an inter- active document, with one added advantage—cross-references are actually clickable hyperlinks that take the reader immediately to the target content. 1. Navigate to page 3, and in the bullet point about Lake Baker, note the text in parentheses: “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4.” While you could just type that text, it wouldn’t translate to a clickable hyperlink in the exported SWF without some extra work on your part. A cross-reference, however, is easy to generate and automatically becomes a clickable hyperlink. (Subliminal message: Paragraph styles are your friends.) 2. Navigate to page 4 to find out how this cross-reference was generated. Because there are multiple frames stacked up on the page, it’s hard to dig down and select the Sunset Cruise frame. But you can get an idea of what’s going on. Choose the Type tool, and then click somewhere in the large italic Lake Baker text (not the small caption under the thumbnail). Check in the Paragraph Styles panel or the Control panel, and you’ll see that the text uses the Subhead paragraph style. You’ll recall from the section on creating a table of contents that paragraph styles are a tagging mechanism. 3. You’ll create a cross-reference that goes hunting for text using the Subhead style. Go back to page 3, and zoom in on the bullet point about touring the authentic turn-of-the-century dairy farm. Switch to the Type tool if Figure 2.11 Use this as a guide for setting up the Show/Hide options for the “showdairy” thumbnail button. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation34 necessary, and click at the end of the paragraph. Type a space, and then choose Type > Hyperlinks & Cross-References > Insert Cross-Reference. The New Cross-Reference dialog opens (Figure 2.12). 4. In the New Cross-Reference dialog, you specify whether InDesign should find text tagged with a particular paragraph style (the most common op- tion) or text that’s been earmarked as a text anchor (a manually created target). In the Destination section, specify the Subhead style in the left column, and all paragraphs using that style are then displayed in the right column. Scroll if necessary in the right column, and select Historic Dairy Farm from the list. This creates a dynamic hyperlink between the origin of the cross-reference on page 3 and its target on page 4. Leave the dialog open; you’re going to change the cross-reference format in the next step. 5. Click the small pencil icon ( ) next to the Format pull-down so you can modify the definition for the format of the generated cross-reference text. The Cross-Reference Formats dialog appears (Figure 2.13). In the Definition field, click at the beginning of the line of code describing the cross-reference formula, and type an opening parenthesis. Click at the end of the line and type a closing parenthesis. The existing cross-references have manual parentheses, but including them in the cross-reference definition can save time in long documents; you’ll fix the manual paren- theses in a bit. Figure 2.12 In the New Cross-Reference dialog, you’re creating a recipe for a cross- reference. Choose a target paragraph style, and then modify the cross-reference format if you wish. Adding Navigational Controls 35 6. Check the Character Style option and choose the x-ref italic character style. Click OK; you can already see the change being applied to the cross-reference entries in the document. Click OK again to exit the New Cross-Reference dialog. 7. Delete the extraneous parentheses around the cross-references in the page, leaving only the parentheses that were created by the cross-reference definition. Put the Preview panel in Document Preview mode and test the cross-references; clicking one should take you to the target page. 8. What happens if the target of a cross-reference changes? That’s the beauty of creating cross-references the way you just did—they’re dynamic. Test this by going to page 4 and changing the word “Historic” to “Authentic.” Immediately, a yellow alert triangle appears next to the entry in the New Cross-References dialog (Figure 2.14). If the dialog is not showing, choose Window > Type & Tables > Cross-References. Click the Update icon ( ) to update the cross-reference. Save the file and keep it open; there’s just a bit more work to do. Figure 2.14 A yellow triangle indicates an out-of-date cross- reference. Click the Update icon to fix it. Figure 2.13 Examine the code in the Definition field, and it quickly makes sense. Here, you add opening and closing parentheses to the recipe and specify the character style to be used. NOTE: Occasionally a cross- reference becomes stubborn, and displays a red “Missing” flag, even though it’s only been modified. Try undoing your change, saving the file, and tackling it again. It usually be- haves the second time around (and no, I don’t know why). Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation36 Don’t be intimidated by the Definition field in the Cross-Reference Formats dialog. If you’re curious, it’s not too hard to look at the definition and the text that’s generated and figure out how the recipe (see "<fullPara />" on page <pageNum />) translates to: (see “Authentic Dairy Farm” on page 4) Explore the options available via the “plus” and “@” icons next to the Definition field, too. Creating a Web Link If you want to direct the reader to a Web site for more information, it’s easy to provide a hyperlink in your document. If the text is already in the format of a URL, it’s painless. 1. Go to page 6, select the Type tool, and then select the URL text, http:// www.bfparkonline.net. You don’t even have to copy that text to the clipboard; just leave it highlighted. 2. If the Hyperlinks panel isn’t open, choose Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks. From the Hyperlinks panel menu, choose New Hyperlink from URL. That’s all there is to it—you can see the new hyperlink in the panel, and you’re done. If you’re curious about the option “Convert URLs to Hyperlinks,” yes, it does indeed search for URL-formatted text in selected text, a story, or the entire document, and automatically creates hyperlinks for you. How cool is that? 3. Save the file, and keep it open for the last steps. Exporting to SWF All the hard work is done; now it’s time to share the results. If you have a hosted Web site, you upload the finished files using your customary upload procedures, and view the SWF online. If not, you can view the local file. Exporting to SWF 37 1. Check your document thoroughly. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document Mode, and check all the internal links. Test the buttons and rollovers to make sure everything works as it should. Save the file. 2. Create a folder named bfpark in the Ch_2_Exercise folder or, if you pre- fer, in another location on your computer. Choose File > Export, navigate to the new bfpark folder, and select Flash Player (SWF) as the format. Name the SWF bfpark.swf and click Save. 3. The Export SWF dialog appears (Figure 2.15). Leave the settings at the defaults, but take this opportunity to familiarize yourself with some of the options. Click OK. Because the View SWF After Exporting option is checked by default, your default browser should launch when the export process is finished, and you can view the results. Figure 2.15 For this document, use the default SWF export settings. Make sure the Interactive Page Curl is not checked. Of course, the animations and some of the rollover effects were already in place when you began working on this file, but think of the new skills you now have. You can create cross-references, generate a table of contents, assign actions to buttons, and create hyperlinks. You’ll use those tech- niques constantly as you’re bringing documents to life, whether you plan to export to SWF or interactive PDF. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation38 Exporting to PDF Interactive PDFs support some of the same functions available in SWF files. There’s a good bit of overlap between the two formats, but they’re not identical. Export your exercise file to interactive PDF and examine the results. 1. Choose File > Export, select Adobe PDF (Interactive) for the format, name the file bfpark.pdf, and save the PDF in the Ch_2_Exercise folder. Use the default set- tings, and wait for the finished PDF to be displayed. You’ll receive an alert that the Go To Page button action isn’t supported in PDF (Figure 2.16); this refers to the “Home” button that takes readers back to the TOC page. If you intend to export to PDF as well as SWF, you can provide equivalent functionality by creating a Text Anchor hyperlink on the TOC page and setting the Home button’s action to a Go to Destination action with the text anchor as the destination. 2. Examine the PDF. While the flying moth and spinning daisy animations didn’t survive the trip, the remaining interactive functions work. This gives you some idea of the overlap between SWF and PDF capability (and some of the shortfalls in PDF support). If you want to post your SWF on your own Web site for testing, you may want to include the companion HTML file that is generated with the SWF; think of it as a rudimentary life support system for your SWF, making it easy to launch. (And, of course, remember that the graphics and text in the exercise file are just for tutorial use.) Figure 2.16 You’re warned that the Go To Page button action doesn’t translate to PDF. If you wish to export your file to interactive PDF, you can use a Go to Destination action instead. Chapter 3 First, a little background on multimedia content in Adobe InDesign. We’ve been able to place video and audio in InDesign since CS2, when we were thrilled to be able to export to interactive PDF. However, the PDF format had one limitation: Before Adobe Acrobat 9, the viewer had to have an appropriate multimedia interpreter on their system, external to Acrobat. So, for example, if a viewer attempted to play a QuickTime movie embedded in a PDF without the QuickTime viewer installed on their computer, they were out of luck. All they saw was an error message. Acrobat 9 and Adobe Reader 9 rectified this shortfall by including the ability to view video without needing an external player. Multimedia Chapter 3 Multimedia40 In InDesign CS4, we were given the option to export to SWF, but the SWF-iness of the export was mainly limited to cute page curls, clickable buttons, QuickTime movies, and page transitions. With CS5, you can now export a SWF with full support for the smaller, more modern Flash video formats, as well as MP3 audio files. If the viewer has the Adobe Flash plug-in for their browser, they’ll be able to view your multimedia content in its full glory. In this chapter’s exercise, you’ll add video and audio to a promotional piece for a fictional city’s attractions. You’ll dig a bit deeper into some of the con- cepts you explored in Chapter 1. Video If a picture is worth a thousand words, how much is a video worth? A short tutorial video can clearly convey a complex procedure, often better than written instructions. Or a video can be a great companion to text, bringing the topic to life or expanding on the written word. Video Formats InDesign CS5 assumes you’ll want to export to SWF or FLA, so it may display a cautionary message if you try to place some types of legacy video content, such as older versions of QuickTime (.mov). H.264-encoded content, such as MP4, is OK. AVI and MPEG aren’t supported by Flash, and thus are not viable for projects you’ll be exporting to FLA or SWF. If you intend to export to SWF or FLA, you should obtain versions of the desired video in an acceptable format, or convert your existing assets to FLV or F4V. If you have Creative Suite Design Premium, Web Premium, or Production Premium, you have Adobe Media Encoder (a stand-alone application that is installed with Flash, Premiere Pro, After Effects, Soundbooth, and Encore), which will enable you to convert many other video formats to FLV or F4V. If you don’t have Adobe Media Encoder, a quick Web search will unearth a num- ber of media conversion programs, many of them attractively priced at $free. In the first part of this exercise, we’ll look at what happens when you import a video in Ye Olde QuickTime format. 1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_3_Exercise folder, and open CityCenterStart.indd. Save the file as CityCenterWorking.indd in the same folder. Choose the Interactive workspace (or your modified version of it, if you have moved panels around to suit you). TIP: If you’d like to look at the finished version of this project, you’ll find the final InDesign file and the exported SWF (and supporting HTML file) in the Finished File folder inside the Ch_3_Exercise folder. Video 41 2. Page through the document. Navigation buttons are already in place, and the table of contents has been automatically generated so that the entries will be hyperlinked to their destination in the exported SWF. There are hints on several pages about the media files you’ll place: an audio file on page 3, videos on pages 4 and 5. 3. View page 4 of the CityCenter file. In the Layers panel, make sure the multimedia layer is unlocked and selected. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder inside the exercise folder, and select butterfly.mov. Because this QuickTime file is ancient (in computer years, anyway), InDesign reacts to it like a two-year-old reacts to broccoli, and displays an alert (Figure 3.1). However, you can bully your way past the alert, click Continue, and place the file by clicking in the page. InDesign assumes you know what you’re doing, and allows it because of the possibil- ity that you’re going to export the file to interactive PDF, which supports QuickTime content (provided the viewer is using Acrobat or Reader version 9, or has QuickTime installed on their system to serve as an exter- nal viewer). Figure 3.1 Attempt to place a video in any format other than FLV or F4V, and you’re advised that it won’t be supported by Flash. The QuickTime format is, however, supported in interactive PDF, so you will be allowed to place it despite the alert. 4. After all that, undo the movie import or delete the placed movie. The pre- vious step was just to show you the alert you might encounter, so it won’t alarm you in the future. Now you’ll place the actual video, a short piece showing otters frolicking. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, and select OtterMovie.f4v. Click in the page (don’t click and drag) to place the video, and position it in the upper-right corner of the page, just inside the top and right edges of the page. 5. Open the Media panel (Window > Interactive > Media) to modify the set- tings for the placed movie (Figure 3.2). Since you’ll use a button to trigger the movie, leave the Play on Page Load option unchecked. Because you don’t want the movie to cover up the sea anemone photo in the back- ground until it plays, set the Poster option to None. Choose SkinOverAll Chapter 3 Multimedia42 from the Controller pull-down, and choose the Show Controller on Rollover option. The SkinOverAll option provides all options, including play, stop, pause, mute, and full- screen play (hence the “all” in the option name). You may want to experiment with the controllers to find which ones you find most useful. 6. The text “Play Otter Movie” is in a text frame that has already been converted to a button, but it has no attached action. In the Layers panel, unlock the Buttons layer, and select the Play Otter Movie button in the page. In the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons), click the plus sign by Actions, and choose the Video option. Since the otter movie is the only video, it’s automatically selected as the target, and the default Play action is selected as the action. Click the Preview icon ( ) in the Buttons panel, or choose Window > Interactive > Figure 3.2 Choosing the settings for the otter movie. Set the Poster option to None, so the still frame from the movie doesn’t cover up the background photograph. Preview to open the Preview panel. Test the button in the Preview panel. Does it launch the video? Roll over the video to see the options offered by the SkinOverAll controller you chose. Save the file and keep it open. Controllers When you place an FLV, F4V, or H.264-encoded file, you can choose from the long list of controllers in the Media panel. The Show on Rollover option displays the controls only when the user moves the mouse over the video (so they don’t obscure the playback). If the video is a legacy file (such as MPEG or AVI), you’ll only be able to add a basic controller with play, pause, start, and stop controls (no audio controls). Placed SWF files may have their own embedded controller skins. Use the Preview panel to check controller appearance and behavior. Custom controller skins can be created in Flash Professional, saved as SWF files, and stored in the Presets > Multimedia > FLVPlayback Skins folder inside the InDesign application folder. Video 43 Posters By default, InDesign represents a placed video by displaying the first frame of the video. You can also use the “standard” poster, which is a graphic resembling a filmstrip. For the otter movie, you set the poster to None so the background photo wasn’t covered up. There are also other options. You can scrub through the video in the Media panel, select any frame in the video, and designate it as the representative poster. As you saw in Chapter 1, you can also specify a separate image for the poster. This is a great option if you plan to use the doc- ument for both print and Web; you can place a high-resolution poster image appropriate for print, and the image will be optimized for Web viewing when the project is exported to SWF—it’s the best of both worlds. You’ll experiment now with the poster options for another video. 1. Go to page 5 of the CityCenter document. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select PeacockMovie.f4v, and click to the left of the large text frame describing the wildlife preserve to place it. (It may take the video a few seconds to “settle in” and allow you to select it.) Position the video at the lower left of the page, lining up its bottom edge with the bottom of the text frame. 2. In the Control panel, choose [Paper] for the stroke attribute of the frame containing the video. This will add a 1-pixel white stroke around the video, to set it apart from the green background photograph. If you like, increase the weight of the white stroke to suit you. 3. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead to about the 5.5 second mark to show the peacock’s tail facing the viewer (Figure 3.3). Click the Use Current Frame icon ( ) to designate the chosen frame as the poster. Check the results in the Preview panel. Figure 3.3 Scrub through the video to find a better frame to serve as a poster, and pin it down with the Use Current Frame icon to the right of the Poster pull-down. Chapter 3 Multimedia44 4. That’s certainly an improvement, but if this document will be used for both print and Web purposes, a high-resolution image might be even better. Before you bring in the image, however, take a look at the Links panel (Window > Links); PeacockMovie.f4v is listed as a link, just like a placed graphic. This is what you’d expect, but it’s interesting to notice what hap- pens when you assign an image as a replacement poster. If necessary, reselect the peacock video frame and, in the Media panel, select the Choose Image option from the Poster pull-down. Navigate to the Multimedia Content folder and select PeacockPoster.psd. It’s about the right size to fit neatly in the frame. Now, look at the Links panel. There are two entries for the selected frame: one for the video, and one for the imported image poster (Figure 3.4). Think of them as roommates in the frame. Figure 3.4 Frames containing both a video and an image poster are represented by two entries in the Links panel. 5. Choose SkinOverAll from the Controller pull-down, and check the option for Show Controller on Rollover (this displays the controller only when the viewer mouses over the video while it’s playing; the controller will not show if the user mouses over the area of the video when it isn’t active). Navigation Points Sometimes you want to draw the viewer’s attention to a particular part of a video, especially if it’s a long video containing multiple topics or scenes. You can add navigation points to a video, which can be invoked by buttons or upon page load to ensure that the viewer sees what you think is important. You’ll create three navigation points: one for the full display of the peacock’s tail, one for his distinctive call, and one that shows the beginning of his festive mating dance. 1. Select the peacock movie frame. Even though the poster image seems to cover the movie, selecting the frame still lets you address the movie and control its attributes. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead under the video preview until you reach approximately the 5.5 second mark. It may be difficult to move the playhead smoothly; you can use keyboard arrows to advance/reverse the time in the playback line, but the preview may not update. Yes, it’s a little kludgy. Sometimes it’s easier to just play the video Video 45 in the Media panel and note the timecode for the moment you want to freeze. The time is displayed below the playback line, showing the current time position in the video, followed by the total time length of the video. Just try to get close to the 5.5 second mark on the playback line. When you reach the approximate moment of the peacock’s tail unfurling for the first time, the readout below the playline will be some- thing like 00:5.55/00:33.53, indicating that you’re at the 5.5 second mark of a 33.5 sec- ond video. 2. Once you’ve reached the approximate 5.5 second mark on the playline, click the plus sign below the Navigation Points area to create a new navigation point. It’s initially named Point 1, but the name is highlighted so you can immediately rename it. Name this first navigation point tail feathers (Figure 3.5). Figure 3.5 To create a navigation point, scrub to the correct part of the video and click the “+” icon below the Navigation Points area. 3. Scrub to about the 10 second mark on the playline, and create a naviga- tion point for the peacock’s distinctive call. Name this point mating call. If you accidentally create a navigation point that you don’t want, select the point in the list and click the minus sign to delete it. 4. Create a navigation point at approximately the 23 second mark, to show- case the peacock’s mating dance. He spins to show the back of his splendid tail, and does some fancy wing work. Name this navigation point dance. 5. Now, it’s time to trigger the movie at the three navigation points you cre- ated. You’ll accomplish this by creating buttons that become hot spots over the text on the page. In the Layers panel, target the Buttons layer. Using the Rectangle Frame tool ( ), draw a rectangle around the text “Click here to see the peacock’s beautiful tail.” Make the rectangle large enough to cover all the text, but keep the bottom of the rectangle very close to the baseline of the text. There will be a total of four buttons (one over each of the last four lines of text). You want them to be large enough to be easily clicked, but not so large that the user clicks the wrong one by mistake. Keep the rectangle selected. NOTE: You can start playing a video at a designated naviga- tion point, but you cannot use a navigation point as a stopping point. If users want to stop a movie, they’ll have to use the Stop or Pause options in the video controller—another good reason to include a controller. Chapter 3 Multimedia46 6. In the Buttons panel, click the Convert Object to a Button icon ( ). Name the button tail, click the plus sign by Actions, and select the Video action from the pull-down list. The peacock video is automatically selected, since it’s the only video in the current spread (you can only trigger videos within a current spread). In the Options pull-down, choose Play from Navigation Point, and select tail feathers from the Point pull-down (Figure 3.6). Test the button in the Preview panel to make sure it triggers the video correctly from the chosen navigation point. Figure 3.6 Choose the Play from Navigation Point option in the Buttons panel, and then you can select which navigation point to target. 7. Now you’ll create a button named play dance for the dance navigation point. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to see the peacock’s dance display,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger the video at the dance navigation point. 8. You’ll create a button named mating call for the mating call navigation point. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to hear the peacock’s mating call,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger the video at the mating call navigation point. 9. Create a button named play for the last line of text, “Click here to play the peacock movie.” This will play the video from the beginning. Test all four buttons in the Preview panel, and then save the file and keep it open for the next section. TIP: InDesign supports stream- ing video in exported SWF and interactive PDF files. Select an empty frame (or a frame con- taining a local video that you want to replace), and choose Video From URL from the Media panel menu. The video format must be supported by the Flash Player. TIP: If you duplicate a button that contains an action that triggers a sound, video, or animation, the action is auto- matically removed from the duplicate. InDesign seems to feel that it’s redundant to have more than one trigger for a multimedia event. Of course, you can manually add the action to the duplicate. Video 47 Adding Objects On Top of Video Content You can place objects on top of video content to create interesting effects, such as corner decorations. You can even use this method to colorize part of a video, by applying a blending mode to an overlaying object (thanks to Jean-Claude Tremblay for pointing out that trick!). However, at least some of the video must be uncovered and clickable—it can’t be completely covered by an object. 1. In the Layers panel, select the multimedia layer. Choose File > Place, navi- gate to the Multimedia Content folder, and select PeacockFeather.psd. Click anywhere in the page to place the image. You’re about to rotate and reposition it. 2. Now you’ll rotate the feather clockwise. Just hover your cursor a bit out- side one of the corners of the frame, and a two-headed curved arrow icon appears, indicating that you can now rotate the frame interactively. This is much more fun than having to switch to the Rotate tool. Rotate the feather and position it over the upper-left corner of the peacock video frame (Figure 3.7). Figure 3.7 Position the feather over the corner of the video frame (we rotated to -58 degrees). It should add a bit of visual interest, without covering up important elements in the video. 3. Because the feather, the video poster, and the forest background are so similar in color, the artwork sort of all runs together. You’ll add a glow around the peacock feather to make it easier to see. If necessary, reselect the feather, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Effects > Outer Glow from the contextual menu. In the dialog that follows, set the Opacity to 70%, and the size to 7 pixels (as always, feel free to stray from these settings to experiment). The feather should be more visible now, without being too obvious. NOTE: If you have created interactive PDFs, you may be surprised to learn that you can place objects on top of video content in InDesign files des- tined for export to SWF. Acrobat handles video as floating con- tent that appears in front of all other objects (except buttons). Chapter 3 Multimedia48 4. Test the file in the Preview panel. If the feather is covering up too much of the video, reposition the feather, reduce its size, or rotate it to a differ- ent angle—or do all three. It’s your project, and ultimately it’s up to you to decide when it looks satisfactory. Save the file and keep it open. Audio If you place a video containing an audio track into an InDesign file, the sound is not a separate entity; if the video plays, its audio track plays. But sometimes you’ll want audio accents, such as music or chirping birds, in your projects. Audio Formats and Settings Picking the audio format is easy: if you’re exporting to SWF or FLA, you can only import audio files in MP3 format. Other formats are supported only if you export to interactive PDF. If you have Apple iTunes, Adobe Media Encoder, or Adobe Soundbooth, you can easily convert other audio formats to MP3. Or you can take advantage of the many free (or inexpensive) conversion appli- cations available on the Web. 1. Go to page 3 of the document, which displays information about CityCenter Park. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select WaterChimes.mp3, and click OK. Place the file anywhere in the page. While you can choose from No Poster, Standard Poster, or an image in the Media panel, none of these will make the area of the placed audio visible or clickable in an exported SWF. This seems to be a bug (it works as expected in an exported interactive PDF). That’s OK; we’ll cheat. 2. In the Media panel, check the options for Play on Page Load and Stop on Page Turn. When the viewer clicks a navigation button at the bottom of the page, the audio track will stop abruptly. This is a brief audio clip, but if a long audio clip follows the viewer onto another page, it could still be playing when another audio or video clip is triggered. 3. Go to page 6 of the document. In the Layers panel, unlock the Basics layer. Select the red music clef in the page. In the Layers panel, click the small red square on the right side of the Basics layer, hold down the mouse button, and drag the red square up to the Buttons layer. This transplants the clef artwork frame to the Buttons layer. Lock the Basics layer and target the Buttons layer. NOTE: Sounds can be placed out in the pasteboard and still function in an exported SWF file. However, a sound in the pasteboard is not included in an exported interactive PDF, and pasteboard contents are not included when a document is packaged. Audio 49 4. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select Orchestra.mp3, and click OK. Target the multimedia layer, click in the page—it doesn’t matter where—and place the sound. When you’re done, target the Buttons layer. 5. Rather than have the sound triggered when the viewer reaches this page, you’ll set up a button so the viewer can choose when to listen to the City Center Orchestra. In the Buttons layer, select the red music clef frame, right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu. A rectangular hot spot is created, surrounding the rotated clef frame, and the Buttons panel automatically opens. In the Buttons panel, name the button Orchestra, and click the plus sign next to the Actions label to choose the Sound option. Since the orchestra audio is the only one in the page, it’s automatically selected, as is the Play option. Make sure that the Play on Page Load option is not selected, and please don’t check the Loop option—that’s just plain mean. 6. You’ve been checking your work throughout the project, but it’s always advisable to export the project and test it in multiple browsers. Save the file as CityCenterDone.indd in the Ch_3_Exercise folder. Choose File > Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format. Accept the default set- tings, but make sure the Interactive Page Curl option is not checked. 7. As you view the project in your default browser, test all the navigation buttons at the bottom of the page; you’ll learn how to create such buttons in Chapter 5. Make sure the audio and video content play as you expect. If you need to tweak anything, modify the InDesign file, save it, and re- export it, overwriting the earlier files. When you’re finished, you can save and close the file. As you’ve seen, it’s as easy to place music or movies in an InDesign document as it is to place images and text. You can trigger a video with a button or a simple page turn and greatly enhance the user’s viewing experience. And now you know it’s much easier than it looks! TIP: Videos and sounds appear in the Timing panel, so they can be controlled by delay and playing order options, just like animations. You’ll learn more about the Timing panel in Chapter Four, “Animation.” This page intentionally left blank Chapter 4 While previous versions of InDesign allowed you to create hyperlinks and import video and sound files, the InDesign document itself was static; none of the page content wiggled or barked. While InDesign CS4 introduced the ability to import SWF files and to export to the SWF format, the resulting SWF was still just a container for content that had to be created elsewhere. But InDesign CS5 allows you to do so much more—now, page content itself can be animated. Here’s where the real fun begins! Animation 52 Chapter 4 Animation What Can Be Animated? Any text frame, graphics frame, or empty frame (or group of frames) can be animated. As you saw in Chapter 3, “Multimedia,” a frame containing an FLV or FV4 video can be animated, but the video inside the frame won’t play until the animated frame calms down and stops doing whatever it’s doing. However, remember that a frame containing a placed SWF file can be animated, and the animation inside the frame will play while its container is doing something else (as long as something triggers the SWF to play). Think of the fiendish possibilities! Exploring the Possibilities There’s a great little guide to InDesign’s animation capabilities built right into the application, but you have to do a little digging to find it. First, you have to find a script that ships with InDesign. The script generates an InDesign docu- ment containing examples of objects using many of the animation controls. You can examine each object’s settings in the Animation and Timing panels and learn a lot. 1. To start your quest for the Animation Encyclopedia (its official name), open the Scripts panel (Window > Utilities > Scripts). You’ll see two folders: Application and User. The User folder stores scripts you download to add to InDesign’s functionality (the scripts displayed are those installed by the currently active computer user); the Application folder contains the scripts that ship with InDesign (Figure 4.1). Figure 4.1 Sample scripts are supplied in two formats for Windows (JavaScript and VBScript) and two formats for Mac (JavaScript and AppleScript). All application scripts are available in both formats; only JavaScript is cross-platform. 2. You’ll have to keep digging. Click the triangle next to the Application folder to view the Samples folder. Here’s where the road forks: If you’re using Windows, you’ll see subfolders for VBScript and JavaScript; on the Mac, you’ll have subfolders for AppleScript and JavaScript. The script selection is actually the same in both subfolders, so it doesn’t matter which you select for the next step; you’re almost there. Click the triangle 53What Can Be Animated? next to JavaScript, VBScript, or AppleScript, and there it is (finally): AnimationEncyclopedia (Figure 4.2). Figure 4.2 You’ll find the AnimationEncyclopedia script in the JavaScript, AppleScript, or VBScript folder (depending on your platform). You’ll see VBScript on Windows, and AppleScript on the Mac. JavaScript is cross-platform. 3. Double-click the script to run it. InDesign takes the reins and builds a six-page document. It may not look very exciting at first (Figure 4.3), but it packs a secret punch. Preview the document and play along. Some objects require that you click them or the page, and some will be triggered when the page loads. Figure 4.3 The design of the Animation Encyclopedia may not be compelling, but the beauty is under the hood. Preview this simple document, and prepare to be amazed. Chapter 4 Animation54 The document that’s created is named Untitled.indd; I suggest you save it as AnimationEncyclopedia.indd and put it in a safe place. You can learn a lot about InDesign’s animation capabilities by examining the settings used by those little rectangles. Just so you know, page 6 of the document displays very complex behavior that’s beyond what you can do with just the animation and timing settings; it’s accomplished with scripting (as are the Color Fade and Combination effects on page 1). To give you an idea of its complexity, look at an excerpt from the JavaScript version of the Animation Encyclopedia script (Figure 4.4). Don’t freak out—you’re not expected to write code like this! All the behaviors you see on pages 1 through 5 of the encyclopedia—and many more—can be achieved by using the controls and options in the Animation and Timing panels. The inclusion of the over-the-top performance on page 6 is to expose you to the fact that animation, like every other operation in InDesign, is com- pletely scriptable. For this and other reasons, it’s a good idea to befriend a scripter and take him/her to lunch occasionally. Figure 4.4 Scripting can accomplish complex animations far beyond what’s possible with the motion and timing controls. Events 55 Events An animation requires two components: the object or objects being ani- mated, and an event to trigger the playing of the animation. The triggering event could be the click of a button, a click of the animated object itself, or just the loading of the page on which the animation was created. Now you’ll do some exploring, so you can see how easy it is to make simple objects do your bidding. On Page Load The default animation-triggering event is the simplest: The animation plays when the reader reaches the page (or opens the document, if the page is the first—or only—page). 1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_4_Exercises folder, and open Events_Start.indd. Before changing anything in the file, resave the file as Events_Working.indd. If necessary, choose the Interactive workspace from the Control panel (unless you have a custom panel arrangement for the interactive panels and don’t want to alter that). 2. Notice the caption beneath each object, describing the trigger that will set the object’s animation in motion (Figure 4.5). Select one of the objects and look in the Animation panel; nobody home. You’ll create the anima- tions and set up the event triggers. If you’re curious, you can preview a finished version of the file in the exercises folder (Events_Done.indd). On Page LOad On Page CLiCk On CLiCk (seLf) On ROLL OveR (seLf) On ButtOn event 3. Select the green globe with the “On Page Load” caption and open the Animation panel. Rename the object GreenGlobe. (It’s helpful to give objects names you’ll recognize when you set up animations.) While each object in this page is unique, how would you address the correct circle in a page full of circles? By its name, of course. By the way, renaming the object in the Animation panel also changes its name in the Layers panel (and vice versa). Figure 4.5 The caption under each object specifies the event that will trigger the object’s animation. You’ll create each animation behavior and set up the event triggers. Chapter 4 Animation56 4. In the Animation panel, choose Fly in from Top from the Preset pull-down menu. A charming lavender butterfly demonstrates the animation for you. The Event option should already be set to the default, On Page Load (Figure 4.6). If you don’t see all the options, click the triangle to the left of Properties to reveal more of the panel. Leave all the other options at their defaults. Check the results in the Preview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview). Save the file and keep it open. There’s more fun to be had. Figure 4.6 Set the GreenGlobe object to fly in from the top of the page on page load. On Page Click You may find that you rarely use the On Page Click event as a trigger for animation, since a reader probably wouldn’t feel the urge to click the page unless invited to do so. Artwork or text would have to give the reader a hint, or nothing would ever happen. But you never know when it might come in handy, so here goes. 1. Select the embossed orange square, and then choose Fly Out > Fly Out Top from the Preset pull-down menu (the Fly Out Top option is available in the submenu of the Fly Out option). Events 57 2. The Events pull-down menu control isn’t obvious; it’s a tiny triangle about an inch to the right of the Event(s) label in the Animation panel, and it comprises about six pixels. Squint a bit, and you’ll find it (Figure 4.7). The triangle is a small target, but you can activate it by clicking the name of the existing event: On Page Load. (You can also click a bit to the left of the pull-down triangle and activate it.) Figure 4.7 The Event options are available when you click the tiny triangle to the right of the Event(s) option. Could it be any more subtle? Once you’ve found the miniature triangle, click it and choose On Page Click from the menu. 3. IMPORTANT: Choosing the On Page Click option does not override the original On Page Load trigger; this is easy to overlook when you’re in a hurry. Go back to the same menu and select On Page Load to toggle it off . Otherwise, the orange square will fly upward when the page loads, before the user has an opportunity to click the page, thus spoiling the surprise. In the Preview panel, wait for the green globe to fly in from the top, and then click in the Preview panel to set the orange square in motion. Be sure to click in an empty part of the page (despite the temptation to click on the orange square) to prove to yourself that it’s the page click that does the trick. Save the file and keep it open. On Click (Self) If you want the reader to click on an object to wake it up, use the On Click (Self) event. The term may seem odd; after all, the object can’t click itself. But it just means that the animation is triggered by clicking the object itself, rather than by clicking an external trigger. 1. Select the red heart-shaped object, and change its name to Heart in the Animation panel. Choose the Pulse animation from the Preset pull-down (it’s in the bottom part of the long list of presets). 2. Now that you’ve found the elusive Events pull-down triangle, choose the On Click (Self) option. Be sure to go back and toggle the default On Page Load option off . Chapter 4 Animation58 3. Test the file in the Preview panel; click the heart and watch it beat hyp- notically. If you like, experiment with the duration of the pulse, and set the number of times to 2 or 3. Remember this around Valentine’s Day (or Halloween). Save the file and keep it open. As with the On Page Click option, something has to lure the reader to click on the object to trigger its animation. While a “Click Me!” label might be a bit inelegant, something must provide a hint, or the heart will never have a chance to beat. On Roll Over (Self) Now that you know that “(Self)” refers to the animated object itself, it’s obvi- ous that the On Roll Over (Self) event triggers an animation when the reader rolls over the animated object. You’ll use the rollover event to make the blue half-circle spin around. 1. Select the blue object, and change its name to HalfCircle in the Animation panel. Choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, and then choose the Rotate > Rotate 180° CW option from the Preset pull-down menu. Remember to toggle the On Page Load event off. Test the half-circle in the Preview panel. 2. Try holding the mouse on the half-circle, and you’ll see that the half-circle keeps rotating. That’s one oddity about using the rollover event as the trigger for an animation that keeps an object in the same location: If the user doesn’t move the mouse away from the object, the animation is repeatedly triggered. Save the file and keep it open. Note that when you choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, a new option appears in the Animation panel: Reverse on Roll Off. This would reverse (or undo) the animation move caused by the Roll Over event. For example, if the Reverse on Roll Off option is checked and you rotate an object 90 degrees clockwise by rolling over it, the object will rotate back to its original orienta- tion when you roll off it. On Button Event One of the most common methods you’ll use to trigger an animation is a button click. You must create the animation (even if it’s just a temporary version of the animation) before setting up the button, or the button has nothing to hook up to. (In Chapter 5, “Button Up,” you’ll learn how to create cool button artwork in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign.) Events 59 1. Select the purple doughnut shape. Name it Doughnut in the Animation panel, and select the Grow option from the Preset pull-down. Set the scale factor to 150%, and choose the On Page Load event to toggle it off, in preparation for triggering the growing animation with a button. 2. Select the gray button in the bottom right corner of the page, and open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons) to set it up. Choose the default On Release event, and click the plus sign next to Actions to select Animation (in the SWF section of the menu). 3. Note that when you select the Animation action, the panel changes in response, adding a pull-down menu that allows you to select which ani- mation is triggered, and to select from options including Play, Stop, Pause, and Resume. Select the Doughnut animation and the default Play option. Test the file in the Preview panel. Export the file if you’d like to view it in a browser. You’re finished with this exercise, so you can save the file for future reference and then close it. Think about how the animated piece is presented, either in the Preview panel or in a browser. You knew where and what to click, because you were adding the interactive features. But would a reader, stumbling onto your Web page, know where to click? Probably not. This exercise was meant to familiarize you with the controls and options, not to create a final piece that would be pub- lished online. But when you start creating your own animations, you’ll have to provide hints to the reader so they don’t miss out on some of the fun, especially if the animated objects are hidden when the reader first views the document. Combining Animations If you were intrigued by the multiple behaviors of the object on page 6 of the Animation Encyclopedia, but don’t have the time or inclination to learn scripting, you can cheat. I mean, use a workaround. An animated object can be grouped with other objects, and then the group can be animated, resulting in a second behavior added to the original animation. Buttons can be grouped with other objects in a group that becomes animated, giving you the ability to make buttons move. You can keep nesting animations inside animations until… well, as long as your conscience will allow. 1. In the Ch_4_Exercises folder, open MultiMoveStart.indd. Resave the file as MultiMoveWorking.indd in the same folder. The objects in the page have already been named in the Layers panel, which will save you some TIP: You can also create a relationship between the ani- mation and the button right in the Animation panel. Click the Create Button Trigger icon ( ) in the Animation panel, and then click the button that will act as the trigger. If the trig- ger object is not yet a button, you’re given the opportunity to make it a button. Chapter 4 Animation60 time (approximately half a second) when you animate them. If you like, preview the finished version of the project, MultiMoveDone.indd. 2. Select the yellow star with a solid red stroke. In the Animation panel, choose the Grow preset, set the Duration to 2 seconds, and set the final scale factor to 200%. Be sure that the center point is selected in the scale orientation control ( ) in the Animation panel, so the star scales up from the center. Test the growing star in the Preview panel. 3. Select the light-blue square, and send it behind the star in stacking order: Object > Arrange > Send to Back. Select the light-blue square and center it under the yellow star (Smart Guides can make this easy). If you’re not sure the blue square and yellow star are perfectly centered, select them both, open the Align panel (Window > Object & Layout > Align), and use the vertical and horizontal center operations (Figure 4.8). It’s even easier to use the alignment icons in the Control panel. Figure 4.8 Make sure the yellow star is perfectly centered on the blue square by clicking the Align Horizontal Centers icon and then the Align Vertical Centers icon in the Align panel. 4. Now you’ll start piling on the animations. Group the blue square and yellow star together, and snap the group to the lower-left corner of the page. In the Animation panel, rename the group StarSquare, choose the Fly In From Top preset, and set the Duration to 2 seconds. The intention is to have the star-and-square group drop in from the top of the page, while the star scales simultaneously. But when you preview the anima- tion, it clearly needs more work. You need to modify the length of the fly-in from the top of the page, as well as synchronize the fly-in and the scaling of the star. Events 61 5. If necessary, reselect the group so you can see the bright green fly-in path (Figure 4.9). Notice that it has little nodes. Yes, this means that you can edit any motion path. Click the path (the “bulb” at the top is probably the easiest target), and you’ll see a narrow bounding box appear around the path. The goal is to stretch the top anchor point on the path up to the top edge of the page. Pull up on the top anchor point—and it snaps back to its original position. Aargh! (This is a peculiarity of the Fly in from Top and Fly in from Bottom presets.) Here’s the trick: Switch to the Direct Selection tool (white arrow). The bounding box disappears, and the motion path now appears as a hairline. Click on the tiny top anchor point, hold down the Shift key (lest the path wander left or right), and drag straight up until you touch the top edge of the page. You can also set up the length and position of the motion path in the measurements fields in the Control panel, but you may find selecting and dragging easier and more intuitive. 6. The star should grow as the star-and-square group falls from the top of the page, so you’ll have to synchronize the star’s growth with the square’s fall. Switch back to the black arrow, and reselect the group. In the Timing panel, Shift-click to select both the tacky star and StarSquare anima- tions, and click the link icon to synchronize them (Figure 4.10). Now, the scaling of the star and the group’s aerial drop will occur simultaneously. Preview the results, save the file, and keep it open for the grand finale. Figure 4.10 Select the tacky star and StarSquare animations and synchronize them by clicking on the small link icon at the bottom of the Timing panel. 7. Now you’ll add another animation, to send the star-and-square group flying off the page to the right. Select the empty rectangle on the page, and move it to the lower-left corner so it’s aligned with the star-and-square group; the lower-left corner of the group should be aligned with the lower-left corner of the page. Select all the objects and group them (Object > Group). TIP: There’s a shortcut to the Timing panel at the bottom of the Animation panel: Just click the Timing panel icon ( ). Figure 4.9 The anchor points provide a hint that you can edit the motion path just like any other Bézier path. Chapter 4 Animation62 8. In the Animation panel, name the new group FinalGroup, and choose the Fly Out > Fly Out Right preset. You’ll have to edit the preset motion path so that the FinalGroup flies all the way off the right side of the page. 9. If necessary, select the FinalGroup object so you can see its bright-green motion path. Unlike the Fly in from Top motion path, this path can be edited without switching to the Direct Selection tool (only the Fly In from Top and Fly In from Bottom presets have this limitation). Select the path itself, click the green arrowhead on the end of the path, and drag the arrow- head to the right until it’s far enough off the page that the star-and-square group will disappear at the end of its travel. Look up in the Control panel; the total length of the path (the “L” field) should be about 425 px. 10. You’ll make one last change; rather than having the star-and-square group fade out as it exits, you’ll keep it solid. In the Animation panel, change the Opacity setting from Fade Out to None. Preview the final animation, tweak if you want, and then save and close the file. This is just a simple example, but it gives you an idea of what’s possible with- out learning how to script InDesign. I don’t mean to imply that this is a good thing to do, from a design standpoint; this is one of those “just because you can, doesn’t mean you should” situations. The potential for garish, annoying animations is limitless. I feel guilty even showing this to you (you’re welcome). Motion Presets As you probably noticed while working through the previous exercises, InDesign includes an extensive assortment of motion presets to get your content moving (Figure 4.11). The presets are the same ones you’ll find in Adobe Flash CS5 Professional, and you can also import any custom presets that have been created in Flash Professional. You can create custom motion presets in InDesign, save them for future use, and share them with other InDesign users or Flash designers. There’s just no end to the flying, dancing, bouncing fun you can have with motion settings. TIP: Sometimes it’s easier to modify the behavior of an animation if you choose the Animation Proxy view mode. Click the Animation Proxy icon on the bottom of the Animation panel ( ) to see “ghosts” of the object at the start and end points of the animation path. Motion Presets 63 Figure 4.11 How many motion presets ship with InDesign? Feast your eyes. And restrain yourself—you don’t have to use every single one in your project. The motion presets below the dividing line include special effects such as multiple stops or disappearing in smoke. But maybe that’s not enough for you. Maybe you want more. Motion Paths If you want to make an object move along a more interesting path than just straight up or left to right, it’s surprisingly easy to do: You just have to draw the path you want the object to follow. You can use the Line tool, the Pen tool, or the Pencil tool—anything that creates a Bézier path. The path can be a simple straight line or a complicated curlicue. The stroke attributes of the line aren’t important; its appearance is discarded once it’s designated as a motion path. Chapter 4 Animation64 Creating a Custom Motion Preset In this exercise, you’ll work on a child’s birthday party invitation, modifying existing presets and saving them as custom presets. You will also be creating several custom motion paths and saving their settings as custom presets. 1. Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, and open InviteStart.indd. Resave the file as InviteWorking.indd in the same folder. If you want to see the finished file, open InviteDone.indd and preview it. 2. In the Layers panel, make sure the Moon layer is selected and unlocked. Select the Line tool ( ), and draw a diagonal line from the center of the blue moon to the upper-right corner of the page (Figure 4.12). Leave some room for the moon to grow larger as it rises. Figure 4.12 Using the Line tool, start at the center of the moon, and drag up to the upper-right corner of the page. Don’t go all the way to the corner; leave some room for the moon to grow larger. 3. Now you’ll convert the diagonal line to a motion path. Select both the path and the moon, and click the Convert to Motion Path icon ( ) at the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 2 seconds ■ Speed: Ease Out ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 150% ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated Motion Presets 65 These settings will hide the moon until it begins to rise and grow larger. If necessary, tweak the length and angle of the path—you have to allow for the increase in the diameter of the moon so it isn’t cropped by the edge of the page. 4. Lock the Moon layer, and click the visibility control by the Once in a Blue Moon layer to make it visible. Select the layer to target it. 5. Using either the Pen or the Pencil tool, create a curved path that will bring the “Once in a Blue Moon” text in along a short counterclockwise arc (Figure 4.13). Start below the text, and end the curved path near the center of the text. You’ll designate this path as a motion path after you choose the initial motion preset. Figure 4.13 Create a short, counterclockwise arc to guide the blue text up to the top of the page. 6. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade In preset as a start, and use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 2.5 seconds ■ Speed: From Preset ■ Animate: To Current Location ■ Animate Scale: 120% ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated 7. Select the arc path and the text (which have already been converted to outlines), and click the Convert to Motion Path icon at the bottom of the Animation panel. Chapter 4 Animation66 8. The moon should start rising, followed by the appearance of the text. Use the Timing panel to control when each component plays. Select both animations in the Timing panel, and click the Play Together link at the bottom of the panel (Figure 4.14). (Ignore the existing animation in the Timing panel; it will make its appearance later in the exercise.) Preview the animation, save the file, and keep it open. Figure 4.14 Synchronize the moonrise and the blue text so they play together. 9. Now you’ll create a motion path and save it as a custom preset that you can use for other objects. Hide the Party, Once in a Blue Moon, and Moon layers. Reveal the Balloons layer, and select it to target it. With the Pen or Pencil tool, create an S-shaped path that starts at the center of the green-and-purple balloon and stops short of the top of the page (Figure 4.15). You’ll probably want to tweak the path after you test the animation; you want the balloon to float upward, but not off the page. Remember that the stroke attributes of the path aren’t important; it becomes invisible once it’s designated as a motion path. Figure 4.15 Create an S-shaped path for the green-and-purple balloon to follow as it floats upward. Motion Presets 67 10. Select the balloon and the path, and click the Convert to Motion Path icon at the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 3 seconds ■ Speed: None ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 100% ■ Opacity: Fade Out 11. To save the balloon motion as a motion preset, choose Save from the Animation panel menu. Name the motion preset Balloon Float in the Save Preset dialog (Figure 4.16) and click OK. Figure 4.16 Name your new motion preset. 1 2. Now you’ll apply the new custom motion preset to the other balloon. Select the purple-and-yellow balloon, and choose the Balloon Float pre- set in the Animation panel; notice that it’s displayed in a separate part of the Preset pull-down menu, near the top. That’s where your custom presets will appear. Examine the settings. Everything you specified for the first balloon has been stored in the preset, giving you a big head start on the second balloon. Change one thing: Set the Opacity to None, so the second balloon doesn’t fade out. 1 3. Preview the animation. Reposition the purple-and-yellow balloon if it flies off the left side of the page. If you wish to edit the balloon’s motion path, select the balloon, then switch to the white arrow and select the motion path. Once it’s selected, you can move, add, or delete anchor points to change its travel. Such edits will not alter the custom motion preset you created—the changes will apply just to this balloon’s animation. 1 4. It would be nice if the second balloon appeared in front of the text at the top of the invitation. In the Layers panel, turn the visibility of the Once in a Blue Moon layer back on, and unlock the layer. Select the purple- and-yellow balloon in the Balloons layer, and use the small blue target square in the Balloons layer to push the balloon up to the topmost layer (Figure 4.17). Chapter 4 Animation68 Figure 4.17 Move the purple- and-yellow balloon up to the Once in a Blue Moon layer by pushing the blue target square up to the top layer. 1 5. Reveal the Party layer, and select the “We Have a Party” text. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade In preset and use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 3.5 seconds ■ Speed: From Preset ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 200% ■ Opacity: Fade In ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated 1 6. Finally, reveal all layers. The text in the You’re Invited layer has already been animated. All you have to do is slightly rearrange the order in the Timing panel and link most of the animations together. 1 7. In the Timing panel, drag the Invited.ai animation to the bottom of the list. Drag balloon.ai and balloon2.ai up in the timing list so they’re just below BlueMoon.ai (Figure 4.18). Select all of the animations except Invited.ai, and link them so they start together on page load. They have different durations, so they don’t all finish simultaneously. Preview the animation, save the file, and keep it open. Figure 4.18 Arrange the animations in the Timing panel as shown. Link all the animations except Invited.ai. Motion Presets 69 Exporting and Importing Motion Presets Motion presets are not document-specific. When you save a preset, it be- comes part of InDesign’s arsenal for all documents. You should save the Balloon Float preset in case you ever need it again. 1. From the Animation panel menu, choose Manage Presets. Select the Balloon Float preset at the top of the list, and then click the Save As button. You can save motion presets anywhere; they’re just XML files. Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, name the preset BalloonFloat.xml, and click Save. You have to save pre- sets one at a time, so if you want to store multiple custom presets, you’ll have to export them like this, one by one. Keep the Manage Presets dialog open for the next step. 2. So you’ll know how to import custom motion presets, you’ll delete the Balloon Float preset and then re-import it. Select the Balloon Float pre- set and click the Delete button. InDesign warns you that there is no undo for this move (Figure 4.19); click OK. Figure 4.19 InDesign warns you that deleting a motion preset in the Manage Presets dialog cannot be undone. 3 . Back in the Manage Presets dialog, click the Load button, navigate to the folder where you saved the BalloonFloat.xml file, select the file, and click Open. Although you must save presets one at a time, you can load mul- tiple motion presets at once. Preview the file one last time, and tweak any- thing you’d like to change. You’re finished with this exercise; you can close the file. In this exercise, you played with a number of motion presets, learned how to create and use a motion path, and learned how to save and load custom mo- tion presets. You should feel more familiar with the controls in the Animation panel and the wonderful selection of motion presets InDesign gives you. You should also be starting to get a sense of how you can combine durations and animation order in the Timing panel to make things happen when you want. And it’s all pretty easy, isn’t it? Chapter 4 Animation70 Page Transitions As the user navigates from page to page in your project, it’s (usually) obvious to them that they’re reading through a multipage document. If you provide buttons that lead them to the next page, they’ll click on a “next page” button and the current page will be replaced by the next one (more about that in the next chapter). But if you’d like a fancier transition from one page to another, you might want to explore InDesign’s built-in page transitions. You may have seen the default Page Curl (way too cute), but there are others. 1. In the Page Transitions folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, open Paintings.indd. Resave the file as PaintingsWorking.indd in the same folder. Drag on the corner of the Preview panel so that you can more eas- ily experiment with the default page curl, and set it to Preview Document mode ( ). If necessary, click the Play triangle in the bottom left corner of the Preview panel to render the document. Hover your cursor over the upper-right or lower-right corner of the cover page of the project, and you’ll see the “paper” start to curl, much like a real magazine page. Hold down the mouse button and keep dragging toward the left side of the Preview window, and the experience is much like turning the page in a magazine printed on very thin paper (Figure 4.20). In fact, you may find it difficult to let go of the page in order to complete the transition to the next page— it’s sort of like that scene in National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation when Chevy Chase is trying to read a magazine with pine sap on his hands. You’ll be relieved to know that the experience is much better in the exported SWF. Figure 4.20 The default SWF page curl is similar to turning pages in a printed magazine. NOTE: If the page curl effect isn’t working in the Preview panel, choose Edit Preview Settings from the Preview panel menu, and make sure that the Include Interactive Page Curl option is checked. You may have to refresh the Preview panel by Alt/Option-clicking the play icon on the bottom of the panel. Page Transitions 71 2. Launch your default Web browser, choose File > Open File, navigate to the PaintingsExport folder inside the Page Transitions folder, and open Paintings.html. Try turning the pages in your Web browser, and you should find that the page-turning behavior is much more natural. When you drag far enough toward the opposite side of the screen, the page should turn—and stay that way. Note that the page turn works whether you are paging forward or backward in the project, but only works when you click the corners, not on the straight edges of the page. 3. Return to InDesign so you can explore more page transition options. If you rely on the page curl to take a reader from page to page, you may find you don’t need navigation buttons in a simple document. But you’ll have to make sure they know to peel the pages by the corners, and that isn’t obvious. You may decide that, however cute the page curl might be, you’d still like to provide buttons as a more obvious method of turning pages. But that doesn’t mean you can’t still entertain the user during the page- turning experience. It’s time to experiment with page transitions. In the Layers panel, reveal the Nav Buttons layer; “next page” and “previous page” buttons have already been created for you. 4. In the Pages panel, select all seven page thumbnails. From the Pages panel menu, select Page Transitions > Choose to see the dozen page transition effects available (Figure 4.21). The examples themselves are animated; roll your cursor over one of the options to see the transition in action. Choose the Dissolve transition by clicking the radio button under its example, and click OK. Figure 4.21 Page transition options. Roll over each option, and the example becomes animated to show you the effect. Note the option to apply to all spreads. All page transitions translate to interactive PDF except the Page Turn transition. Chapter 4 Animation72 5. If necessary, set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode. In the Preview panel menu, choose Edit Preview Settings and turn off the Include Interactive Page Curl option (Figure 4.22); the Page Curl option is on by default. Having the curl won’t prevent your page transition effects from working, but the cumulative effect of the Dissolve transition, the page curl, and the navigation buttons would probably be sensory overload for a reader. As they attempted to click the navigation button for the next page, the page would unexpectedly curl, then dissolve... well, it would just be too much. There’s something to be said for restraint. Figure 4.22 To test page transitions, turn off the Include Interactive Page Curl option. Remember this option if you do want the page curl and wonder why it isn’t working (the option is on by default). Click through the document in the Preview panel; what do you think of the Dissolve transition? 6. If the twelve page transitions aren’t enough, you can customize the behavior of the transitions to shake things up (Figure 4.23). Open the Page Transitions panel (Window > Page Transitions), and select the Push transition. Click the Direction pull-down to see the options, and select the Right Up option. Click the Speed pull-down to see that you can choose from Slow, Medium, and Fast. Leave the Speed option at the default: Medium. Click the Apply to All Spreads icon in the lower-right corner of the panel, and check the results in the Preview panel. NOTE: During export to SWF, you’re given the choice of using a Paper color or Transparent background. If you choose the Transparent option, all page transitions (including the page curl) are disabled. If your page transitions aren’t working, export settings are the likely culprits. Page Transitions 73 Figure 4.23 You can customize page transitions by changing the speed and direction. Click the Apply to All Spreads icon (circled) if you neglected to select all spreads beforehand. Experiment with other transitions; edit them to see what works best for this document. You can even apply a different transition to each page. (Remember: just because you can, that doesn’t mean you should. Control the urge.) Pages with a transition assigned will display a small icon in the Pages panel (Figure 4.24). You can also choose page transitions from Layout > Pages > Page Transitions > Choose (they just hide these little goodies everywhere, don’t they?). Figure 4.24 A small icon (circled) indicates which pages have been assigned page transitions. 7. Even if you pull on the corners of the Preview panel for a larger preview, you should still export to SWF and view the results in a browser for the full effect. What looks amusing in the Preview panel may prove to be overwhelming at full size in the final state. Decide on the page transition (or transitions) that you feel would be suitable for this small catalog of an artist’s work, and choose File > Export. Choose Flash Player (SWF) for Chapter 4 Animation74 the format, and navigate to the folder named Paintings (Your Version) inside the Page Transitions folder. Name the SWF Paintings.swf. In the export dialog, use the following settings: ■ Generate HTML File: This enables you to view directly in a browser. ■ View SWF after Exporting: Automatically displays the SWF in your default browser. ■ Scale: 100% ■ Background: Paper Color—even though the project has a charcoal gray background; if you check Transparent, page transitions won’t be included. ■ Page Transitions: From Document, to preserve your choices. Note that you can select a transition from the pull-down menu, though, and override existing page transitions during export. ■ Options: Uncheck the option to Include Interactive Page Curl. 8. Page through the Paintings project in your browser and see what you think. Do you like the transition (or transitions) you chose? Do the page transitions enhance the reader’s experience, or do they compete for the reader’s attention, detracting from the paintings, which are the central subjects? You might even decide to dispense with the fancy transitions after all, and just let the reader move sedately from page to page using the navigation buttons. It’s up to you. If you want to remove all page transitions and start over, select a page thumb- nail (or multiple thumbnails) in the Pages panel and, from the panel menu, choose Page Transitions > Clear All. If you want to disable the page transition for a single page, the easiest way is to select the page thumbnail in the Pages panel, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Page Transitions > Clear Page Transition from the contextual menu. TIP: Some of the animation effects may behave oddly when combined with a page transi- tion—especially the page curl effect. You’ll get your first hint in the Preview panel. As you page through the project in the Preview panel, if animations are not appearing, or are behaving unexpectedly, test the file by exporting to SWF and preview- ing in a browser. You may find that you have to dispense with either the animation or the as- signed page transition. Some of the more common animation offenders are Fade In, Appear, Zoom in 2D, Swoosh, and the Fly-in presets. It’s just One Of Those Things you’ll have to con- sider as you start creating more adventurous projects. The easi- est way to combat this problem is to make it a habit to rely on buttons to navigate to the next or previous page, disabling all transitions, and let your anima- tion imagination run wild. Chapter 5 Buttons aren’t just decorations (although they can be pretty cute); they really make things happen in your interactive projects. Buttons can trigger animations, jump from page to page in a project, and create rollover effects. They can provide precise control over events, and they can provide visible hints to the reader to click here to make something happen. Button Up Chapter 5 Button Up76 Buttons in interactive documents are very much like real-life buttons: They’re intended to trigger an action that is already available, such as turning a device on or off. In some cases, though, you can create a button in anticipation of its use, such as a button with a “next page” action attached, even though you haven’t yet created all the pages of the document. But in any case, a button acts on some- thing else. A video plays whether it’s triggered by a separate button, or by directly clicking the video. The button needs a video to trigger; you might think of the button as part of a partnership. In this chapter, we’ll first look at the button triggers that make something happen (and all the events buttons can trigger), and then you’ll explore the ways you can control the appearance of buttons. Button Events Buttons have six active behaviors (which InDesign calls “events”) that can act as triggers for actions. Since two of those behaviors work only in exported PDFs, we’ll concentrate on using the four events that work as triggers in exported SWF files: ■ On Release. This is the instant the user releases the mouse button after clicking, and it’s when users expect something to happen. This is the most commonly used trigger. ■ On Click. This is the bottom of a click, and it’s usually a bit premature to be used as a trigger, since it will usually catch users by surprise. ■ On Roll Over. The button area is actually a hot spot. You can trigger events by just moving your cursor over the button area. This is usually used to trigger remote rollover events, such as causing a graphic to appear or prompting an animation to play. ■ On Roll Off. This is the moment when your cursor leaves the hot spot area of the button. This option is usually used in tandem with the On Roll Over trigger to hide a graphic that was revealed by On Roll Over. For the record, here are the button events that only work in PDFs (all events described above work in both SWF and PDF export): ■ On Focus. This is similar to the On Roll Over event, but is usually accom- plished by tabbing from another field into the button area. This is sometimes used in Acrobat forms to trigger an event as the user tabs through the fields in the form. The On Focus moment occurs when the tabbing lands the focus on the target button area. Button Events 77 ■ On Blur. Similar to On Roll Off, this is the moment when a user tabs away from the button (again, usually in an Acrobat form). Note that neither On Focus nor On Blur works in SWF export, so save them for documents that will be exported to interactive PDF. Button States Up. Down. Rollover. Button states sound a bit like dog tricks, don’t they? In fact, button states are very similar to dog tricks. Let’s compare: Trick Dog Button Up ■ ■ Down ■ ■ Rollover ■ ■ Fetch ■ Play Animation ■ As you can see, each has its advantages. While a dog can fetch, a button can trigger an animation (and, as an added bonus, buttons don’t shed). A button’s default state is labeled Normal, while its down state is referred to as Click by InDesign. (Acrobat refers to the default state as Up.) It might be helpful to explore a simple file showing the On Release, On Click, On Roll Over, and On Roll Off events. If you haven’t already copied the Ch_5_Exercises folder from the tutorial disc, do so now. 1. Navigate to the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and then to the ButtonTriggers folder. Launch a Web browser and open the file ButtonTriggers.html (or, if you have Adobe Media Player, launch it and view the ButtonTriggers.swf file directly). 2. Click the red capsule-shaped button at the top of the file. When you release the mouse button at the end of the click, a picture appears to the right of the button. This is what users expect, and On Release is the trigger you’ll use most often. 3. Click the blue button. When you’ve fully pressed the mouse button down (but before you’ve released it), the picture disappears. The On Click trigger seems a bit sudden, doesn’t it? Consequently, you may find that you rarely use the On Click trigger. Chapter 5 Button Up78 4. Roll your mouse over the red shirt button at the bottom, and you’ll notice several things. First, the artwork isn’t a dull standard button; it was created in Illustrator to look like a real-life shirt button. As you mouse over the button, it changes color and shows a green glow. The mouseover causes the image of a lion sculpture to appear, and mousing away from the button causes the image to disappear. This is because the button has separate actions attached to the Roll Over and Roll Off states. 5. Now you’ll examine the InDesign file that created the ButtonTriggers.swf file that you’ve been viewing. Close the Web browser or Adobe Media Player and, if necessary, launch InDesign CS5. In the ButtonTriggers folder, open ButtonTriggers.indd. This is the InDesign file that generated the SWF file. You’ll explore the InDesign file to see how the buttons were set up. Later in this chapter you’ll create your own buttons. Save the file as ButtonTriggersWorking.indd in the ButtonTriggers folder. 6. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Select the red button at the top of the page with the Selection tool (black arrow), and examine the settings in the Buttons panel (Figure 5.1). ■ Event. The On Release option means that the requested action is trig- gered at the moment the user releases the mouse button (at the end of a click). Figure 5.1 The Buttons panel tells the story. The showcar button (left) displays the trabant button when the user clicks and releases the mouse button. The trabant button (right) just contains the image of an automobile, and is set to be hidden until triggered. Options (changes depending on selected Action) Actions Button name Event (Trigger) Appearance Button Events 79 ■ Action. The Show/Hide action is used to show the picture of the au- tomobile. The target of the action is another button (trabant), whose sole purpose is to hold the automobile image and hide until triggered. ■ Appearance. A button can have three separate appearances: Normal, Rollover, and Click. This button has two appearances, but you won’t notice the Rollover appearance unless you roll over it. If you like, click the Preview icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel, and try roll- ing over the red button in the Preview panel. By the way, the button artwork is one of the prefab buttons that ships with InDesign CS5; we’ll explore those later. 7. Select the frame containing the automobile image. It’s a button, too, named trabant. (The Trabant was a small car that was produced in East Germany between 1957 and 1991, if you’re curious.) Check the settings in the Buttons panel. The button has no attached actions; it’s just there to hold the automobile image, and it’s hidden until triggered by the showcar button. Let’s sum up the relationship between the red button and the automobile image. The automobile button containing the image is hidden until the user clicks the red button, which triggers a Show/Hide Buttons action that makes the automobile button visible. The Show/Hide Buttons action, as its name implies, only operates on buttons, so it can’t be used to display or hide other objects. Now you’ll examine the blue button that you clicked to hide the Trabant image; it also has a Show/Hide relationship with the trabant button. Select the blue button (in the page, not in the Preview panel) and examine its settings in the Buttons panel (Figure 5.2). ■ Event. The On Click option means that the requested action is triggered at the moment the user’s mouse button reaches the bottom of travel. ■ Action. The Show/Hide action is used to hide the trabant button contain- ing the picture of the automobile. More than one action can be assigned to a button. ■ Appearance. This is another one of the buttons that ship with InDesign. The button artwork contains two appearances: Normal and Rollover. If you like, click the Preview icon in the Buttons panel to test the Rollover state in the Preview panel. It’s subtle, but keep it in mind; visual feedback, such as a change in button appearance, can keep the user engaged and informed. Chapter 5 Button Up80 Figure 5.2 A Show/Hide Buttons action can be assigned to any button event. Here, it’s assigned to the On Click event. Finally, you’ll examine the “shirt button” at the bottom of the page, which has a more complex appearance. You’ll explore how that was accomplished, and you’ll add a third appearance, for the Click event. A button’s appearance can come from a placed graphic, modifications to the fill and stroke attributes, manipulations of InDesign effects (such as shadows and glows) applied to the object—or a combination of all of those influences, if you get really carried away. You can even place three different graphics into a button: one for each appearance. How is this possible in a single frame? It isn’t exactly a single frame; a button is a special object with multiple states, each of which can have a different appearance and function. You might think of a button as a sort of “hot spot” with a storage bin. 1. Select the shirt button in the page, look in the Buttons panel, and note that the button has two very different appearances. In its Normal state (its appearance before it’s clicked), it’s a red button. In its Rollover state, it’s green and has a green glow (Figure 5.3). 2. With the Direct Selection tool (white arrow), select the shirt button in the page. Choose the Normal appearance in the Buttons panel. Choose Object > Object Layer Options to find out what’s going on in this state. The button artwork is an Adobe Illustrator file with three layers. For the Normal state, only the RedNoGlow layer is visible (Figure 5.4). While separate artwork files could be used for the button states, it’s easier to keep track of just one file, and let InDesign’s Object Layer Options control the layer visibility. This approach will work with Illustrator (.ai) files, Photoshop (.psd) files, and layered PDFs. Object Layer Options have no effect on the state of the saved file; they just control layer visibility within InDesign. Button Events 81 Figure 5.4 Only the RedNoGlow layer is visible in the placed Adobe Illustrator file when the button is in the Normal state. 3. In the Buttons panel, select the Rollover state in the Appearance section. The button is green in this state because of a different choice in the Object Layer Options, but notice what happens when you attempt to choose Object > Object Layer Options—you can’t! Deselect the button, and then reselect it with the Direct Selection tool (you have to sort of sneak up on it…). Now that you’re addressing the graphic directly, you’ll be able to access the Object Layer Options dialog to see that the Green+glow layer is set to be the only visible layer (Figure 5.5). Figure 5.5 The Rollover state of the button reveals only the Green+glow layer in the Illustrator file, and hides the other layers. Figure 5.3 The “shirt button” changes color and glows in its Rollover state, thanks to a combination of Object Layer Options and InDesign effects. Chapter 5 Button Up82 Now you’ll decorate the third state of the button with another appearance, still using the same placed Illustrator file and InDesign’s Object Layer Options. If necessary, reselect the button in the page, and then select the Click state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Initially, it displays the but- ton artwork in red (since it’s invoking the saved state of the Illustrator file). Hover over the Content Grabber “viewfinder” icon ( ) in the center of the image, and click to select the image. Now you can use Object Layer Options to turn off the RedNoGlow and Green+glow layers, and turn on the Yellow layer (Figure 5.6). Why did you have to select the graphic directly to control layer visibility? Well, once a button develops more than one state, it’s ceased to be a simple frame, and is now a multistate object; you have to select the image inside, rather than the container, to use Object Layer Options. You won’t be assigning another action to this state; it’s just for amusing visual feedback when the user clicks. Test the button in the Preview panel. It’s certainly colorful, isn’t it? Save and close the file. Button Appearance You don’t have to create fancy artwork such as the shirt button in the preced- ing exercise, but isn’t it cool that you can use a variety of graphics to decorate your buttons? You can have attractive buttons even if you don’t feel like cre- ating original artwork in Photoshop or Illustrator; InDesign provides a nice starter kit for you. Let’s explore the possibilities. Figure 5.6 Activate the Click state in the Buttons panel, and use Object Layer Options to turn on the visibility of the Yellow layer in the Illustrator file decorating the button. Button Appearance 83 Sample Buttons in InDesign To view the freebie InDesign buttons, go to the Buttons panel menu and choose Sample Buttons. What you’ll see is actually an InDesign library (Figure 5.7) containing 52 separate buttons, all with built-in actions attached. (You can change these actions if you like; more on that later.) The buttons are simply numbered 1 through 52, which gives no hint of the actions already wired into them. You might find this list helpful: ■ Buttons 1 and 2. These two library entries consist of multiple buttons arranged to look like navigational bars. Once you ungroup and select them, you’ll find that they all use the Go To Page action. Since they’re generic buttons, you would have to fill in the blanks and specify a target in the document for each button. And here’s a general caveat: While the Go To Page action works in exported SWF files, it does nothing in an exported PDF. InDesign is nothing if not polite; at least you’re warned about this if you attempt to export a PDF from a file containing buttons with Go To Page actions attached. ■ Buttons 3-12. All of these buttons have been assigned Go To URL actions, which can take the user to Web addresses, or can incorporate an e-mail address to trigger an e-mail application (by using the “mailto” format). The Go To URL actions work in both SWF and PDF export. TIP: If you haven’t used InDe- sign libraries before, they’re just a repository of page geometry. That’s Latin for “kind of like a big Clipboard you can store lots of stuff in.” Any object you’ve cre- ated in an InDesign document can be dragged into a library. Libraries are not document- specific, so their contents can be made available for any document. Figure 5.7 InDesign’s Sample Buttons library: one for every week of the year. Chapter 5 Button Up84 ■ Buttons 13-22. Go To Page. ■ Buttons 23-32. Go To URL. ■ Buttons 33-51 (odd numbers). Notice that the odd-numbered buttons are all left-pointing, which gives a hint about their function: They all use the Go To Previous Page action, which works in both SWF and PDF export. ■ Buttons 34-52 (even numbers). All right-pointing, even-numbered buttons in this range use the Go To Next Page action. To use one of the sample buttons, just drag it into the document. If you drag a button from the Sample Buttons library, it determines the highest-numbered button in the document, adds 2, and then names itself. For example, if there’s a Button 27 in the document, dragging a sample button onto the page will create Button 29. If you duplicate an existing button by Alt/Option-dragging, the new button’s number is incremented by 2. For example, if you Alt/Option- drag to duplicate Button 6, the duplicate names itself Button 8, and if you Alt/Option-drag Button 13, its duplicate names itself Button 15. Buttons that you create from existing objects name themselves Button 1, Button 2, Button 3, and so on. Of course, you can rename a button in the Buttons panel and modify its function. Let’s do a little experiment to see how the sample buttons behave. 1. Start with a new, blank Web document. Choose File > New > Document. For Intent, choose Web, set the number of pages to 4, and select the 640 px x 480 px option from the Page Size pull-down menu (Figure 5.8). This won’t be much of a design; it’s just a place for playing with buttons. Save the file as ButtonWork.indd in the Ch_5_Exercises folder and leave the file open. Figure 5.8 Create a simple, four-page Web document for button experimentation. Button Appearance 85 2. Since you’ll be trying out the Go To Page action, it will be helpful if your document has page numbers for identification (so you can tell if you’ve actually gone to a page). To make it easy, you’ll create automatic page numbers on the master page. Double-click the A-Master icon in the Pages panel. Using the Type tool, create a small text frame in the bottom margin. Type Page, press the spacebar, and then choose Type > Insert Special Character > Markers > Current Page Number (or, if you’re using a two-button mouse, just right-click in the text frame and choose Insert Special Character > Markers > Current Page Number). Since you’re on the master page, you’ll just see “A” representing the page number (Figure 5.9). Select the text and set it to 20 px in size. 3. Double-click the icon for page 1 in the Pages panel. If necessary, open the Sample Buttons library from the Buttons panel menu. You can dock the library with other panels if you like. Drag Button 16 (a red capsule-shaped button) onto the page, and take a look at its settings in the Buttons panel. It’s named itself Button 2, and has two states (Normal and Rollover), each with its own appearance (Figure 5.10). Click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to see what makes it different from the Normal state; the Rollover state has a gray glow around it. Even though the button is set to perform its Go To Page action only when clicked (not during a rollover), the visual change during rollover can be a subtle hint to the user that the button is “alive,” and such feedback is a nice way to engage the user. Figure 5.9 Automatic page number on a master page. Figure 5.10 This sample InDesign button has two distinct appearances. A gray glow appears in the Rollover state. Chapter 5 Button Up86 4. Change the name of the button to Jump2, and enter 2 in the Page field to specify which page the user will see after clicking the button. Change the mode of the Preview panel to Preview Document mode (see Chapter 2 if you don’t remember how to do this), and then test the behavior of the button in the Preview panel. Does it take you to page 2 of the document? (You may have to enlarge the Preview panel so the page numbers are legible.) If clicking the button in the Preview panel doesn’t take you to page 2, go back to page 1 in the document, select the button, and check your settings. 5. Take a look at the button in the page, and note the heavy dashed border around it, indicating that it’s a button (it’s a much coarser and heavier border than you see around object groups). Under the hood, this button is fairly complex. How hard would it be for you to create such a button in Illustrator? Take a look at similar artwork deconstructed in Illustrator (Figure 5.11). It involves all manner of embedded images and clipping masks. Yikes! It gives you some appreciation for the head start you’ve been given with the sample buttons, doesn’t it? Figure 5.11 One of InDesign’s sample buttons, in Illustrator’s exploded view. Think of all the work you don’t have to do. 6. If necessary, navigate back to page 1 of the document. Drag the 5 button from the Sample Buttons library into the page. In the Buttons panel, note that this button has a Go To URL action built in, so change the button name to URL, and in the URL field, complete the Web address so it reads http://www.adobe.com. Test the URL button in the Preview panel. It should launch your default Web browser and take you to the Adobe Web Button Appearance 87 site. (You may have to click the Play button in the Preview panel to refresh the preview, and then click the green button again.) 7. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section (or take a break and eat a Twinkie). What’s the Twinkie® Finger? * Each button sports an icon identifying it as a button, lest you mistake it for just an ordinary page object. It’s a finger pressing a button, but ever since a student in one of my classes asked “What’s the Twinkie finger?” I’ve been unable to think of it without thinking of Twinkies. And now I’m passing that on to you. *Apologies to Hostess Brands, Inc. Any Frame Can Be a Button What if you’ve used all 52 buttons but yearn for more? You’ll be excited to discover that any frame created in InDesign can become a button, whether it began life as a text frame, a graphics frame, or an unassigned frame. (Note, however, that frames containing video or audio cannot be converted to buttons— although, of course, they can be triggered by buttons.) Now you’ll convert a text frame to a button to see how easy it is. 1. Navigate to page 2 of the document. With the Type tool, click and drag to create a text frame 150 px wide by 40 px tall. Type Page 3 in the frame, and center the text both vertically and horizontally in the frame. There are multiple methods for accomplishing the horizontal centering; the easiest way is to use a keyboard shortcut (Mac: Cmd-Shift-C, Windows: Ctrl-Shift-C). To vertically center the type, press the Esc key to switch to the Selection tool so the frame (rather than the text) is selected. Then, choose Object > Text Frame Options and choose the Center option for vertical alignment (or use the Control panel options). 2. Fill the frame with the RGB Red swatch, and change the text color to Paper. Set the text to Myriad Pro Bold, 20 px. 3. Select the frame, right-click, and choose Effects > Bevel and Emboss (Figure 5.12). (Mac users without a two-button mouse can hold down the Control key to mimic having a right mouse button, while clicking to view the contextual menu.) Use the settings described below, and then click OK. Chapter 5 Button Up88 Use the following settings (and leave the remaining options at the default): ■ Style: Inner Bevel ■ Size: 7 px ■ Technique: Chisel Hard ■ Direction: Up 4. It looks like a button, but it isn’t truly a button until you click the Convert to Button icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel. (Alternatively, if you’re using a two-button mouse, you can right-click and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu.) 5. Name the new button Page3, leave the Event option at the default (On Release), and click the plus sign next to the Actions label. Choose the Go To Next Page action (you could also use the Go To Page action and set the target to page 3; both methods achieve the same result). If necessary, set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode and test the button. Navigate back to page 2 for the next step (you can use the small back/ forward page controls at the bottom of the Preview panel), and save the file. 6. Now you’ll see how easy it is to create an alternate appearance for a new button state. If necessary, reselect the button and then click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel. That’s all it takes to create a new state, but currently the Rollover state looks no different from the Normal state. With the button still selected, choose the RGB Green swatch in the Swatches panel. Test the button in the Preview panel and make sure it turns bright green when you roll over it. Figure 5.12 Adding a Bevel and Emboss effect to a frame is a quick way to create a button appearance. TIP: Since you’ll check your document frequently in the Preview panel, here are some handy keyboard shortcuts: Preview Spread: Cmd-Shift- Return (Mac); Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) Preview Document: Cmd-Opt- Shift-Return (Mac); Ctrl-Alt-Shift- Enter (Windows) Button Appearance 89 7. But wait—there’s more. Make sure the Rollover state is still selected in the Buttons panel, and then right-click (Mac: Control-click) the button in the document and choose Effects > Outer Glow from the contextual menu. Click the small square to the right of the blending mode pull-down menu, and choose RGB Green. Set the blending mode to Normal (Figure 5.13). While you’re in the dialog, notice that InDesign describes the selected button as a group; while it’s treated as a single object when you select it in the page, InDesign regards it as sort of an assembly of one red and one green frame. It’s crazy, but it works. Test the button by rolling over it in the Preview panel (you may have to refresh the preview and enlarge the Preview panel to clearly see the glow effect). Save the file and keep it open for the next section (or take a break and have another Twinkie). Changing Content in a Button State As you saw in the earlier Button Triggers exercise, InDesign’s Object Layer Options can be used to control the visibility of layers in a multilayer Illustrator file. The same trick can be used with multilayer Photoshop files or PDFs. But you can also place separate files into a button’s states, or change text between states. 1. Navigate to page 3 of the ButtonWork.indd document. Choose File > Place, navigate to the VariableButtons folder in the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and select ButtonBase.ai. IMPORTANT: Hold down the Shift key as you click the Open button in the Place dialog to launch the Place dia- log (Figure 5.14). In the dialog, choose Crop to Media and click OK. This is to ensure that InDesign creates a frame to the same dimensions as the Illustrator file’s artboard (rather than cropping to the artwork), which will allow room for other artwork you’re going to use in the button. (You might Figure 5.13 Adding a glow to a button state appearance. Note that InDesign regards the single button as a group. Chapter 5 Button Up90 have noticed that the title bar of the dialog reads “Place PDF”—this is be- cause native Illustrator files are actually PDFs inside.) Click in the page to place the button graphic. Figure 5.14 Set the ButtonBase.ai crop to Media to allow room for artwork to be used in other states of the button. 2. Right-click on the frame and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu, or choose Window > Interactive > Buttons. The Buttons panel appears. Name the button Peachpit. 3. Click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to make it active. You’re going to place a Photoshop file into the button in the Rollover state to change its appearance. To do this, you have to “reach inside” the button to place the new artwork. If you have the button selected with the Selection tool (black arrow), a new frame will be created when you place the new graphic. So, either click the Content Grabber (the viewfinder-like icon in the middle of the button as you hover over it) or switch to the Direct Selection tool (white arrow) and click inside the button. Either method selects the graphic so you can replace it in the Rollover state. Don’t worry; it won’t be deleted from the Normal state. You might think of the button states as separate containers within the button. With the Rollover state selected, choose File > Place, navigate to the VariableButtons folder again, and select LeftBloop.psd. There’s no need to hold down Shift this time; just click OK. 4. Now you’ll populate the Click state with another image. Click the Click state in the Buttons panel to activate it, and then select the Peachpit button by clicking inside it with the Direct Selection tool or by clicking the Content Grabber viewfinder icon. Choose File > Place, navigate to the VariableButtons folder one more time, and select RightBloop.psd. Without holding down the Shift key, click the OK button. 5. It’s time to add an action to the button. In the Buttons panel, select the Normal state of the button just to restore it to that appearance. Click the Button Appearance 91 plus sign next to the Actions label, and then select the Go To URL action. In the URL field that appears once you’ve chosen the action, enter the complete URL: http://www.peachpit.com—InDesign thoughtfully enters the “http://” part for you. (Notice that there’s also a minus sign next to the Action label, in case you ever wish to delete an existing action.) Refresh the Preview panel if necessary, and test the button. Note how it changes appearance when you roll over it, and again when you click it. When you click the button in the Preview panel, it should launch your default Web browser and take you to the Peachpit Press Web site. 6. Open the Links panel (Window > Links) and note that each button-state graphic is listed there (Figure 5.15). Since you placed the graphics, you’d expect them to appear in the Links panel, but you’ll see that even though InDesign regards the button as a single entity, each state within the button is a separate component. Save the file and keep it open for the last part of the exercise. As you saw on page 2 of your working file, you don’t need to have any graphics files to decorate buttons; you can just start with a text frame and create a simple button by using fill and stroke attributes, with some beveling and embossing effects thrown in. But now that you’re starting to realize that each state of a button can be addressed separately, you understand that there are lots of interesting things you can do to a button. There are some limitations, however: You cannot put multimedia content in a button state, and you Figure 5.15 Three separate graphics are associated with the button. Each graphic populates a separate state of the button. You might think of it as three graphics frames within a single carrier. Chapter 5 Button Up92 cannot delete or disable the Normal button state. If you change the dimensions of one state of a button, it doesn’t resize the contents in other states, but the hot spot area of the button is determined by the largest bounding box of the button. For example, if two button states are 2 inches wide by 1 inch high, but the third state is 3 inches wide by 2 inches high, the entire button area will be equivalent to the 3-inches-by-2-inches state. The entire area of a button might not be filled (if, for example, it contains a small graphic), but the entire area is clickable. You should keep this in mind when you have several buttons close together, so that users don’t accidentally click on the wrong button. You can also create buttons with no fill or stroke, so that they aren’t visible, but can still be used as a hot spot to trigger actions. 7. Now you’ll experiment with a button that’s based on a text frame. Go to page 4 of the document and create a text frame using the following settings: ■ Dimensions: 250 px W, 50 px H ■ Fill: RGB Yellow, 100% ■ Stroke: 2 px Black ■ Text Attributes: Myriad Pro Bold, 28 px 8. Type GO TO... in all caps in the text frame. Center the text horizontally with the keyboard shortcut (Mac: Cmd-Shift-C, Windows: Ctrl-Shift-C). You can also use the alignment options in the Control panel. Choose Object > Text Frame Options and vertically center the text (you can also accomplish this in the Control panel). 9. Convert the text frame to a button by one of the methods you’ve learned. Name the button firstpage, and assign the Go To First Page action to the On Release event. 10. Select the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Select the text in the button and change it to FIRST PAGE. Select the button with the Selection tool (or you can just press the Esc key to switch tools and select the button), and change the fill color to the RGB Cyan swatch. 1 1. Now you’ll change the shape of the button. You can use the spiffy new Live Corner controls to quickly and easily change the appearance of the button (Figure 5.16). Click the small yellow square on the right side of the button frame. Yellow diamonds appear on the frame’s corners. Drag one of the yellow diamonds toward the midpoint of one of the sides to round off all Creating Button Art in Illustrator 93 the corners. If you want to be more adventurous, Alt/Option-click one of the diamonds to choose another corner option. Keep Alt/Option-clicking to cycle through the options. If you want to apply a corner style to just one corner, hold down Alt/Option-Shift and click the diamond to cycle through the styles for just that corner. Hold down the Shift key while dragging the corner control to affect the size of just that corner. The pos- sibilities are endless (and potentially ugly). Figure 5.16 Click the small yellow square on the right side of the frame to activate Live Corners. Click one of the corners and drag it toward the midpoint of the frame to make all corners round. Here’s the end result. 1 2. Select the Click state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Notice that the appearance of the Normal state is replicated in the Click state initially. Change the fill color to the RGB Green swatch, and delete the text inside the frame. 1 3. Make sure the center point of the Transform Proxy in the Control panel is selected ( ). Using the dimension fields in the Control panel, change both the width and height of the button to 52 px. Then, choose Object > Convert Shape > Ellipse to create a circle. 1 4. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode and test the button. You might have to refresh the panel by Alt/Option-clicking the Play but- ton in the panel. Admittedly, these aren’t the most elegant buttons, but they prove that there are many ways to modify the appearance of buttons without a lot of work. Save the file if you like, and close it. If you wish, you can quit InDesign for now; you’ll be playing in Illustrator for a while. Creating Button Art in Illustrator Don’t feel like being creative? Let Adobe Illustrator do the heavy lifting for you. Illustrator’s built-in graphic styles make it easy to construct professional- looking buttons from shapes you create. If you’re not even up to creating simple objects, take advantage of the prebuilt buttons available as symbols. And, as Chapter 5 Button Up94 you saw with the cute little “shirt button” art in the first exercise in this chap- ter, the ability to use InDesign’s Object Layer Options to control the visibility of layers in a placed Illustrator file expands the flexibility of Illustrator art- work. It’s time to play! Using Graphic Styles A graphic style is a recipe for the appearance of an object in Illustrator. It can contain just a simple fill and stroke, or elaborate combinations of effects that can add glows, shadows, distortions, or patterns. You’ll use some of Illustrator’s built-in graphic styles that are geared specifically toward creating buttons. 1. Launch Adobe Illustrator CS4 or CS5; the options for button creation are the same in both versions. (If you have Illustrator CS3, the concepts and assortment of graphic styles are the same, but the selection of prebuilt buttons is completely different from CS4/CS5.) The illustrations in this chapter are from Illustrator CS5, but you shouldn’t feel disoriented if you’re using an earlier version. 2. Choose File > New and create a new document based on the Web Document Profile. This sets the document color mode to RGB and the resolution for raster effects to 72 ppi. Set the document dimensions to 288 px wide by 144 px high (Figure 5.17). (Even though the document color mode is RGB, you can specify colors in any color mode if you like. However, the color will be rendered in RGB.) Save the file as ButtonStyles.ai in the IllustratorBasicButtons folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder. Figure 5.17 Create a new Illustrator document based on the Web Document Profile. 3. Press the D key on the keyboard (for “default”) to set your fill and stroke attributes to the default opaque-white fill and 1-point black stroke. Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool from the Tool panel (it’s hidden under the regular rectangle tool), and click anywhere in the page. This triggers the Rounded Rectangle Options dialog, which allows you to numerically Creating Button Art in Illustrator 95 specify the dimensions and rounded corner radius. Set the values to 150 px wide, 75 px high, with a 15 px radius (Figure 5.18). Figure 5.18 Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool, click in the page, and use these settings. 4. Switch to the Selection tool (black arrow), select the rounded rectangle, and position it approximately in the center of the artboard. It’s pretty dull as buttons go, but you’ll soon spruce it up by using graphic styles. Choose Window > Graphic Styles to open the basic set of styles. The starter kit of styles is pretty sparse, but Illustrator ships with more than just these few styles. From the Graphic Styles panel menu (that same little triangle- and-lines icon you see in the upper-right corner of every panel), choose Open Graphic Style Library > Buttons and Rollovers. Now you have some- thing to work with (Figure 5.19). Figure 5.19 Illustrator’s Buttons and Rollovers graphic styles (with panel menu circled). 5. Hover over some of the styles and note the names: Bevel Red Normal, Bevel Red Mouse Down. Clearly, Illustrator is trying to give you a head start. If necessary, reselect the bland, boring button you created and try out some of the styles. With a single click, you can transform your round- ed rectangle into an instant button. After experimenting with several of the styles, you’ll notice that Illustrator has added each style you’ve tried to the main Graphic Styles panel. 6. From the panel menu of the Buttons and Rollovers graphic styles panel, choose Small List View so you can identify the styles more easily by their names. Apply the Opal Inlay Mouse Down style to your button, but don’t close the Buttons and Rollovers panel yet; you need one more style to complete your button. Chapter 5 Button Up96 7. Open the Layers panel (Window > Layers) and double-click the Layer 1 name to open the Layer Options dialog. Change the name of the layer to Down and click OK. 8. From the Layers panel menu, choose Duplicate Down to create Down Copy. Double-click the Down Copy layer and change its name to Normal. 9. Select the button in the Normal layer, and apply the Opal Inlay Normal graphic style to it. To compare the two button states, turn off the visibility of the Normal layer. (By the way, it’s your button; if you’d prefer to use an- other pair of graphic styles for the button’s two states, feel free to do so.) Save the file. 10. If you’d like to test the button in InDesign, launch InDesign and create a quick document. From the Intent pull-down menu, choose Web, and from the Page Size pull-down, choose the default 800 x 600 pixel dimensions. 1 1. Choose File > Place, select ButtonStyles.ai, and hold down the Shift key as you click OK in the Place dialog so you can control the import options. In the Import Options dialog, choose Bounding Box (All Layers) for the Crop option (Figure 5.20). This option ensures that the button is just big enough to contain all artwork that constitutes the button, but no bigger than necessary. You may want to resize the button, as it’s rather huge (I scaled it down to 25%). Figure 5.20 The Bounding Box (All Layers) option ensures that the button is the optimum size. Not too big, not too small—just right (like Goldilocks). 1 2. Convert the object to a button using one of the methods you’ve learned. In the Buttons panel, choose the Click state, select the graphic either with the Content Grabber or the Direct Selection tool, and then choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options dialog, turn off the visibility of the Normal layer, leaving only the Down layer visible. Test the button in the Preview panel. You can add an action to the button’s Creating Button Art in Illustrator 97 On Release event if you wish, but that’s not necessary to test the visual changes you’ve created. 1 3. Think about how little work you had to perform. Illustrator makes it almost painless to create attractive buttons. And, of course, you’re not limited to the canned graphic styles; you can apply all manner of fill, stroke, and effects attributes to an object and save its appearance as a custom graphic style. Save and close the file. Using Prebuilt Button Symbols Don’t feel like going to all the trouble of clicking and dragging to create a ba- sic button, then applying a graphic style? Then you might enjoy the nice as- sortment of Web button art supplied with Illustrator as symbols. About Symbols Symbols are a special type of artwork. They’re often used when a designer needs mul- tiple instances of an object—for example, a school of fish based on an elaborate draw- ing of a fish consisting of multiple objects grouped together (body, fins, eyes, tail...). Copying that one fish 40 times could add substantially to file size, especially if the fish uses effects such as glows, shadows, and transparency. However, if the designer con- verts that one fish into a symbol (by dragging the original fish into the Symbols panel and giving it a name), adding 40 instances of the symbol doesn’t increase the over- head in the file as much as 40 copies would. Symbols offer other advantages: If you edit the original symbol art, all the instances of the symbol reflect the changes. The Web buttons are supplied as symbols just as a convenience; in this case, the Symbols panel acts as sort of a repository (similar to a library in InDesign). 1. Create a new Illustrator document based on the Web document pro- file, and use the 640 px wide by 480 px high preset size. Save the file as MultiButtons.ai in the Ch_5_Exercises folder. 2. Open the Symbols panel (Window > Symbols). Since your document is based on the Web document profile, Illustrator automatically populates the panel with a few Web-appropriate symbols (Figure 5.21). (If you see a different set of symbols, it may be because you inadvertently chose the Print document profile; if so, close the document and start a new one based on the Web document profile.) Figure 5.21 Default symbols for Web buttons. Chapter 5 Button Up98 3. This is a nice start, but Illustrator CS4 and CS5 contain many more sym- bols for button art. From the Symbols panel menu, choose Open Symbol Library > Web Buttons and Bars. You can also click the Symbol Libraries icon ( )in the lower-left corner of the Symbols panel to access the list of supplied symbol libraries. The new symbol library is displayed as a floating panel (Figure 5.22). The symbols are all very bright and cheerful, but you might want to use a button as a starting point and modify it to suit your design. Fortunately, that’s very easy to do. You can either edit the original symbol by double-clicking it in the Symbols panel and entering Symbol Editing mode, or you can just drag an instance of the symbol onto the artboard, double-click the placed symbol, and edit it there. Hover over a symbol, and its name is displayed in a tool tip. Remember that these are just bits of artwork; they have no built-in button functional- ity. Select the Bullet - Right symbol ( ) and drag it onto the artboard. In the next step, you’ll change the color of the artwork. 4. Select the artwork on the artboard (not the symbol in the Symbols panel), and choose Edit > Edit Colors > Recolor Artwork. The Recolor Artwork dialog has two states: Edit and Assign, accessed by two buttons at the top of the dialog (Figure 5.23). Click the Edit button to switch to Edit mode. Figure 5.22 The Web Buttons and Bars symbols include 139 prebuilt pieces of artwork. Creating Button Art in Illustrator 99 Figure 5.23 The Recolor Artwork dialog allows you to remap artwork colors to another set of colors easily. Access its two modes by clicking the Edit and Assign buttons (circled in red). 5. In the Edit mode, you can move individual color nodes (the small circles) to another part of the color wheel, or you can lock the color nodes together by clicking the Link Harmony Colors icon ( ) and move the whole shebang, preserving the relationship between the color nodes (Figure 5.24). For this button, click the Link Harmony Colors icon, and then swing the assembly of color nodes around the color wheel until you like the change you see in the selected button. Don’t click OK yet, though! Figure 5.24 To keep color relationships intact but move to another part of the rainbow, lock the color nodes together by clicking the Link Harmony Colors icon (circled). Then rotate the color nodes to another part of the color wheel. Chapter 5 Button Up100 6. You’re editing color visually, not picking numeric values. What if you want to achieve the same color shift in another one of the blue buttons? How could you replicate exactly the same swing around the spectrum? You don’t have to. Click the New Color Group icon in the upper-right part of the Recolor Artwork dialog to store the new colors in a group of swatches you can access later (Figure 5.25). 7. Initially, the new color group is named Artwork Colors but you’ll prob- ably want to give color groups more descriptive names. Double-click the name of the new color group in the Color Groups column on the right side of the dialog (double-clicking the swatches won’t do the trick). The Edit Name dialog comes up. Name the new color group New Button Colors, and click OK. Then click the OK button in the Recolor Artwork dialog. You’ll receive an alert asking if you want to save changes to the New Button Colors swatch group. Click Yes. 8. Now you can use that saved group of swatches to change the color of another button. Drag the Bullet - Left button symbol ( ) onto the artboard, select it, and choose Edit > Edit Colors > Recolor Artwork. Alternatively, you can click the Recolor Artwork icon ( ) in the Control panel at the top of the interface. (Note that it doesn’t display in color until you get close to it.) 9. This time, you’ll use the Recolor Artwork function in Assign mode. Just click the New Button Colors swatch group you created, and the button’s existing colors are remapped to the new colors (Figure 5.26). Now you’re sure that the buttons will match perfectly. Isn’t that cool? Click OK when you’re done. Figure 5.26 Assign the New Button Colors group to the left button artwork and click OK. Figure 5.25 Save your new assortment of colors as a color group so you can access them later. Creating Button Art in Illustrator 101 10. Now you’ll stack the buttons up so you can control them with InDesign’s Object Layer Options. In the Layers panel, double-click Layer 1 and rename it Back. Click the New Layer icon ( ) at the bottom of the Layers panel, and name the new layer Next. 1 1. Select the right-pointing button artwork on the artboard. In the Layers panel, transplant the button artwork to the Next layer by dragging the small blue target square up into the Next layer (Figure 5.27). Figure 5.27 Drag the target square from the Back layer up into the Next layer to move the button to the new layer. 1 2. Select both buttons and align them vertically and horizontally, using the alignment controls in the Align panel (Window > Align) or in the Control panel (Figure 5.28). Figure 5.28 Align the buttons vertically and horizontally. 1 3. If it bothers you that those little buttons are surrounded by the oversized artboard, there’s an easy way to snug the artboard up to the edge of one of the buttons. Select the button with the Selection tool, and choose Object > Artboards > Fit to Selected Art. If you’d like to stack up a few more buttons in individual layers for practice, please do. Otherwise, save and close the file, and quit Illustrator. When you use this kind of “button kit” in InDesign, you can choose which layer is displayed in a button state. Why make a single file when you’d use each layer in a separate button? Because it can be really handy when you’re making a bunch of buttons to only have to keep track of one art file, and you’re guaranteed consistency in size and appearance. When I’m creating Chapter 5 Button Up102 buttons for a project, I stack them all up in one Illustrator file, putting each button on its own layer but aligned with all the other buttons, place the file as many times as needed in InDesign, and fix the layer options for each but- ton. Then, if I want to change the color scheme, I fix the one “master” file in Illustrator, update in InDesign, and I’m finished. Creating Button Art in Photoshop If you’d prefer to create buttons in Photoshop, you won’t have the premade button art that you find in Illustrator, but you can still be very creative by using supplied layer styles and effects. However, you will find one limitation in Photoshop that you don’t encounter in Illustrator: While Photoshop opacity attributes are honored by InDesign and Illustrator, blending mode attributes in a Photoshop file are not honored by InDesign or Illustrator. For example, a button set to Multiply in Photoshop will not interact with underlying content in Illustrator or InDesign (see Figure 5.29). Figure 5.29 The Multiply blend mode in an Illustrator file (left) is honored by InDesign, but the Multiply blend mode is ignored in a placed Photoshop file (right). Notice, however, that opacity attributes are honored in both formats (the see-through oval area at the bottom of each globe). Understanding Transparency What’s the difference between opacity and blending modes? It can be confus- ing, since both concepts are often referred to as “transparency.” Maybe this will help: ■ When 60% opacity is applied to an object (whether it’s in Illustrator, Photoshop, or InDesign), this allows underlying art to show through at 40% opacity; the total is always 100%. Example: A solid cyan object set to 60% opacity and placed on top of a solid yellow object will produce an overlapping area of 60% cyan and 40% yellow (see Figure 5.30). Opacity effects are treated the same in Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Figure 5.30 The cyan square is set to 60% opacity, and placed over a solid yellow square. The overlap area is 60% cyan, 40% yellow. Creating Button Art in Photoshop 103 ■ Blending modes allow objects to interact with underlying objects in a variety of ways: adding the numeric values of applied colors together, subtracting the color values of one object from another, multiplying the values, and so on. The resulting combination may be lighter or darker than the original interacting color, or may be completely different (see Figure 5.31). Blending modes are honored within a Photoshop file, but lost when the image is placed in Illustrator or InDesign. Layer Styles Now you’ll experiment with some techniques for creating multilayer buttons in Photoshop, using layer styles. 1. Launch Photoshop CS5 (earlier versions are OK, too), and create a new RGB document, 2 inches wide by 1 inch tall, 300 ppi resolution, with a transparent background (Figure 5.32). Name the file MetalButton.psd and save it in the Transparency folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder. Figure 5.32 Create a new Photoshop document with these settings. 2. Open the Color panel (Window > Color), choose RGB Sliders from the Color Panel menu, and create a color with the values R0-G170-B180 (a tasteful teal). Click OK. 3. In the Options bar at the top of the interface, choose the Shape Layers option ( ); it’s the first icon in the row of options for vector draw- ing. This allows you to draw color-filled areas with vector edges. While the artwork will render as pixels in Photoshop, having a vector mask makes it easier to modify the shape of the button. 4. Click the Rectangle tool in the Tools panel, hold down the mouse button to reveal the other tools hidden under the Rectangle tool, and select the Rounded Rectangle tool (Figure 5.33). In the Options bar, set the Radius value to 60 px, and then click and drag to create a capsule-like button path Overlap: C100-Y100 Overlap: M100-K100 Figure 5.31 Blending modes: Solid cyan square set to Multiply blend mode (top), and Exclusion blend mode (bottom). Note the color values in the overlapping areas. Figure 5.33 Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool, hidden under the Rectangle tool, and create a basic button. Chapter 5 Button Up104 in the image. Leave a little room between the button and the edge of the image. Photoshop names the layer Shape Layer 1. Double-click the layer name and rename it Base Button. Save the file as MetalButton.psd in the Ch_5_Exercises folder. 5. That’s a pretty dull button. You need to give it some depth. It’s time to play with some of the Layer Styles that ship with Photoshop. Open the Styles panel (Window > Styles) to view the default layer styles (Figure 5.34). In the Layers panel, select the Shape 1 layer and choose one of the styles. Undo the selection, and then try another style. If you need to undo mul- tiple operations, use Cmd-Opttion-Z (Mac) or Ctrl-Alt-Z (Windows) to step back through time. Undo until you’re back to the original dull button, or just select the Effects entry in the Layers panel and drag it to the trash can at the bottom right corner of the panel (it doesn’t seem like this will work, until you touch the trash can with the “hand” cursor; then the style is deleted). Figure 5.34 The default collection of layer styles contains a general assortment of style possibilities, but just a few styles that work for button appearances. 6. The default styles are cute, but there are more styles, and many of them are more suitable for button artwork. From the Styles panel menu, you can select other groups of styles that ship with Photoshop; the Buttons, Glass Buttons, and Web Styles collections are great resources. Choose the Buttons collection, and you’ll be asked if you want to replace the cur- rent assortment of styles (Figure 5.35). If you click the Append button, the new styles are added to the existing assortment. If you click OK, the Creating Button Art in Photoshop 105 existing styles are replaced with the new styles. If you click Cancel, you’ll exit the dialog without changing the current contents of the Styles panel. For this exercise, click OK to replace the default set of styles with the Buttons set. (After the exercise, choose Reset Styles from the Styles panel menu to return to the default set of styles.) Figure 5.35 You have the choice of replacing existing layer styles, or adding new styles to the panel. For this exercise, click OK to replace styles. 7. If necessary, reselect the Shape 1 layer in the Layers panel and delete any lingering effects by dragging them to the Layers panel trash. Then, begin experimenting with some of the new styles. You have a lot to play with; there are 32 styles available in the Buttons collection. When you’re through playing, apply the Red Star style (Figure 5.36). Figure 5.36 The Buttons styles are tailored for decorating buttons. Keep in mind that you can use a style as a starting point and then modify it to suit your tastes. For this exercise, choose the Red Star style. 8. Examine the Layers panel, and you’ll see that all the effects that constitute the Red Star style are revealed there. The Gradient Overlay effect provides the star appearance; the Bevel and Emboss effect adds dimension; and the Drop Shadow effect provides the black shadow that lifts the button off the background (Figure 5.37). You can easily modify the effects or add new ones to change the look of the button. Chapter 5 Button Up106 Figure 5.37 The Red Star style consists of just three effects: Drop Shadow, Bevel and Emboss, and a Gradient Overlay. That’s how easy it is to create your own styles. 9. Double-click the Gradient Overlay entry in the Layers panel to show the settings that were used to create the effect. Experiment with the settings. Choose another gradient from the Gradient pull-down menu, load another set of gradients from within the Layer Style dialog, or try another style of gradient (you can choose from linear, radial, angle, reflected, and diamond). You can also scale the gradient effect. You can even choose another set of gradients to apply (Figure 5.38). If you choose another collection of gradients, you’ll be asked if you want to append or replace the current gradients. Try the Metals collection, and change the gradient style to Angle. Select the Silver gradient and click OK. Figure 5.38 To load additional gradients into the Gradient Overlay options, click the little circle-and-triangle icon in the display of current gradients and choose a new collection. For this exercise, choose the Metals collection. Creating Button Art in Photoshop 107 10. To add your new silver angle style to the Styles panel, just hover over an empty spot in the panel. When you see the bucket icon ( ), click to add the style. In the small New Style dialog that appears (Figure 5.39), name the style SilverAngle and click OK. Save the file and keep it open for the next section. Using Layer Comps to Store Image States You’ve already learned that you can use Object Layer Options in InDesign to control the visibility of layers in placed PSD and AI files, but what if you only have one layer with a bunch of layer styles piled into it? You could duplicate layers and apply styles to them separately, but that can add to file size. It would be nice to do it all in one layer. Fortunately, there’s a workaround. You can use Photoshop’s Layer Comps feature to control the visibility of individual layer styles, and invoke the layer comps in InDesign. Layer comps are a method for storing the vis- ibility, positions, and styles applied to layers. They’re a great tool when you’re experimenting with an image; you don’t have to remember which “eyeballs” to turn on and off to quickly switch between versions of an image. This is par- ticularly helpful when you’re showing several options to an impatient client. There is one caveat: Apply all the styles necessary, even though they won’t all be visible at once. Then create the layer comps to control them. 1. Now you’ll build multiple appearances for the button by adding more layer styles. At the bottom of the Layers panel, click the “fx” icon ( ) and choose Pattern Overlay. Click the pull-down control next to the blue bubble pattern and you’ll find... a grand total of two patterns. But there are more. Click the small triangle-in-a-circle icon on the corner of the two- pattern collection, and you’ll find more collections of patterns (Figure 5.40). Choose the Patterns collection, and, as you did when you were loading layer styles, click OK to replace the current paltry collection. Figure 5.39 Give the new layer style a descriptive name. If the style includes blending modes, check the Include Layer Blending Options box. Chapter 5 Button Up108 2. Once the new patterns are loaded, you can hover your cursor over a thumbnail for a few seconds to see the name of the pattern. Choose the Satin pattern and click OK in the Layer Style dialog to add it to your metal button. You can’t see the Satin pattern immediately, because it’s below the Gradient Overlay effect. Turn off the eyeball visibility control by the Gradient Overlay to see the satin effect, and then turn the Gradient Overlay effect back on. For layer comps to behave correctly in InDesign, you have to create all the effects, and then create the layer comps to con- trol them; otherwise, InDesign seems to get a bit confused. 3. Now you’ll add a color effect. At the bottom of the Layers panel, click the “fx” icon and choose Color Overlay. Set the Blend Mode to Multiply, choose a light blue color by clicking the little color block next to the Blend Mode pull-down menu (Figure 5.41), and then click OK. Notice that the new effect is automatically placed above the gradient and pattern over- lays in the list of effects in the Layers panel. (You can’t move effects up and down to change their stacking order, as you can with layers, so this is fortunate; otherwise, the color effect would be hidden.) Save the file and keep it open for the next step. Figure 5.40 Choose the Patterns set from the side menu in the Pattern Overlay dialog, and replace the two patterns in the default set. Creating Button Art in Photoshop 109 4. Now it’s time to create some layer comps. Make sure all the effects are vis- ible (i.e., their eyeballs are “on”) before you start. Open the Layer Comps panel (Window > Layer Comps), and turn off the Color Overlay effect by clicking its eyeball; you should just see the SilverAngle gradient applied to the beveled button at this point. Click the Create New Layer Comp icon ( ) on the bottom of the Layer Comps panel to store the current state of the image. Name the comp Silver Angle, and check the Visibility and Appearance options (Figure 5.42). Note that you can also store the cur- rent position of layers in a layer comp. In this image, you’ll be using layer comps to control the visibility of layer styles rather than layers. Click OK and keep the file open. Figure 5.42 Note what a layer comp can store: visibility, layer position, and layer styles. You can even add a comment to remind you what the layer comp is for. 5. Turn off the eyeball by the Gradient Overlay style to reveal the satin Pattern Overlay. Then, create a new layer comp and name it Satin. 6. Turn on the eyeball by the Color Overlay style, create a new layer comp, and name it Blue Satin. Click the square to the left of each comp and make sure the image appearance changes accordingly. When you’re through checking the layer comps, select the first layer comp in the list in Figure 5.41 When creating the Color Overlay effect, set the Blend Mode to Multiply, and choose a light blue color. IMPORTANT: The image must be saved with the first layer comp selected and active in the Layer Comps panel, even if that comp won’t be used for the initial (Normal) state of the button. If any other layer comp is active when the image is saved, it won’t behave correctly in InDesign. This is only true for images in which the first layer comp hides some effects (aka layer styles). If the first layer comp involves hiding some layers, all is well. But if the first layer comp involves hiding effects, you must be sure to save the file with the first layer comp active. It’s just One Of Those Things. This advice ap- plies whether you’re using the image as button artwork, or just as static artwork in the InDesign document. Chapter 5 Button Up110 the Layer Comp panel (Figure 5.43), which should be the Silver Angle comp. This last step is very important. Figure 5.43 IMPORTANT: When you save the file, select the first layer comp in the list by clicking the square to the left of the layer comp name, even if that won’t be the default appearance for the button. 7. Save the image, and launch InDesign to test the layer comps. Create a new Web document (the dimensions aren’t important; this is just a test) and place the MetalButton.psd file. Convert the image to a button, and then select the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Select the image by clicking the Content Grabber or by switching to the white arrow and clicking inside the button. Choose Object > Object Layer Options, select Satin from the Layer Comp pull-down menu (Figure 5.44), and click OK. If the Preview option is checked, you’ll see the button appear- ance change accordingly; it will appear pixelated until you click OK, but don’t be alarmed. Figure 5.44 Select the image inside the button, choose Object > Object Layer Options, and select the layer comp you want to use for the selected button state. Creating Button Art in Photoshop 111 8. That was fun; let’s do it again! Select the Click state in the Buttons panel to make it active, select the image inside the button, choose Object > Object Layer Options, select Blue Satin from the Layer Comp pull-down menu, and click OK. Click the Preview Spread icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel and test the button. Save the file if you like, although it isn’t used in future exercises. Layer comps aren’t necessary if you’re building simple button images with one layer per button state, but they’re very useful if the button states will require that you control the visibility of multiple layers. And they’re crucial if you’re using layer styles on a single layer. Just don’t forget to choose the topmost entry in the Layer Comps panel before you save the image in Photoshop. On Your Own Experiment with duplicating layers, applying different styles or color-adjustment layers, and creating new layer styles. Play with some of the other layer styles available (Figure 5.45). There’s no excuse for an ugly button! Figure 5.45 Even more layer styles to try on buttons: the Glass Buttons styles (left) and Web styles (right). Chapter 5 Button Up112 Looking Sharp Although you created a vector mask by creating a Shape layer when you created the metal button, you may be disappointed that the edge of the button is obviously made of pixels when you place it in InDesign. If you create small buttons or buttons with fancy edges, you may lose some defi nition when you place such images as Photoshop (.psd) fi les. But there is a way to preserve nice crisp edges, and it’s a method that you might want to use for buttons or other Photoshop images with vector content (such as text): Save the fi le as a Photoshop PDF. The fi le will still show the edges of vector content as being rendered in pixels when viewed in Photoshop, but InDesign will respect the vector mask and render the edge perfectly (Figure 5.46). The Photoshop PDF can be reopened in Photoshop with no loss of resolution, by using File > Open. Don’t double-click such a file, or it will just open in Acrobat. Think of the image as a Photoshop fi le in a PDF costume. To other applications it’s a PDF, but Photoshop can lift the lid and get to the true image inside. However, there is a downside to saving as Photoshop PDF. Although layers and layer comps are retained when you reopen the fi le in Photoshop, they’re not recognized by InDesign under Object Layer Options. So use this option only when the rendering of crisp vector content is of most importance. You could still assign separate appearances to button states in InDesign, but you’d have to have a separate graphic for each state if each state will require a Photoshop PDF. (TIP: Create the individual Photoshop PDFs, and then combine them in Acrobat to create a multipage PDF.) Figure 5.46 A vector edge in a placed Photoshop (.psd) file will render as pixels in InDesign (top). But a Photoshop PDF retains the clean vector edge when placed in InDesign (bottom). Button Actions 113 Button Actions Now that you’ve explored how to make attractive buttons in Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign, you’ll explore a few more button actions to add to the actions you learned about in Chapter 2. 1. In the Novel folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder, open the file Novel_Start.indd. Choose File > Save As and name the new file Novel_ Working.indd. You’ll be modifying the navigation buttons in the file to make sure the reader can get to the desired pages. The navigation buttons were created on the master page, so they appear on every page in the doc- ument based on the master. This makes it much easier to edit the buttons’ appearance or function—you just have to do it once! 2. Open the Preview panel, set it to Preview Document mode, and test the buttons. You’ll notice that the Next Page ( ) and Previous Page ( ) buttons work correctly, but the Home button ( ) doesn’t do anything. The First Page button ( ) takes the reader to the cover of the novel, and the potential Last Page button has no action and the wrong appearance. But all of these issues are easy to fix. Keep the file open. In this document, you don’t intend to lead readers back to the cover when they click the First Page button; you want to take them back to the first page of the story, which is actually the fourth page of document. But the First Page button action only cares about the first page of the document, regardless of numbering and section starts. So you’ll have to use another method to take the readers to the start of the story. 3. All of the buttons are on the A-Master page. In the Pages panel, double- click the A-Master icon to navigate to the master. You’ll fix the Last Page button (last button on the right). It isn’t a button, and its appearance is incorrect. First, convert it to a button. Select the frame, right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Interactive > Convert to Button. 4. In the Buttons panel, name the button last, and choose the Go To Last Page action from the Actions pull-down. 5. Now you’ll fix the appearance of the button. Select the graphic inside the frame by clicking the viewfinder-like Content Grabber icon (or switching to the white arrow and clicking inside the frame), and then choose Object > Object Layer Options (or right-click/Control-click to choose Object Layer Options). You need to turn off the visibility for all layers except the last layer. Chapter 5 Button Up114 You could click all the other eyeball icons to turn off the unwanted layers, but you can accomplish this more efficiently: Just Alt/Option-click the eyeball by the last layer, and all other layers are turned off (Figure 5.47). This little trick works in Photoshop, InDesign, and Illustrator to quickly hide all but the desired layer. It’s nice that it works in the Object Layer Options dialog, too. Click OK. Figure 5.47 Alt/Option- click the eyeball by the last page layer, and all other layers are instantly turned off. Think how much longer your mouse will last. 6. The First Page button ( ) jumps to the cover of the novel. To make it connect to the first page of the story, you’ll have to use another method. You’ll take advantage of an existing hyperlink as the method for creating a “landing pad.” Select the First Page button and, in the Buttons panel, delete the existing action by clicking the minus sign next to the Actions label. Click OK in the alert that appears, asking if you truly want to delete the action. 7. To take the reader to the first page of the story, click the plus sign next to the Actions label, and choose the Go To Destination action (Figure 5.48). Notice that the options in the panel change, depending on the action that’s selected. The destinations currently available in the document were created when a Table of Contents was generated for the file. The TOC process automati- cally generates bookmarks and destinations; that’s why you can click a TOC entry in an exported SWF or interactive PDF to jump to the target text. Choose the destination named I. A New Beginning, leave other set- ting at the defaults, and test the button. Save the file and keep it open for the next step. NOTE: Bookmarks, page hyper- links, and text anchor hyperlinks are all methods of jumping to destinations. Button Actions 115 Figure 5.48 The destinations are available because of bookmarks (and their destinations) created during the generation of the Table of Contents. Otherwise, the Destination pull-down would be empty. 8. The Home button should take readers back to the Table of Contents. You’ll use a manually created anchor to provide a landing spot for the Home button. Go to page iii of the document (the Table of Contents page), open the Hyperlinks panel (Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks), and choose New Hyperlink Destination from the panel menu. Create a page hyperlink, name it TOC, make sure it’s targeting page iii, and click OK (Figure 5.49). Figure 5.49 A page hyperlink destination works in both SWF and interactive PDF export, whereas a Go To Page action works only in SWF. You can create three types of hyperlink destinations: ■ Page. Target any page in the document. While this produces the same result as the Go To Page action, it works in both SWF and PDF export, which might be handy if you’re planning to export to both for- mats. You can choose a zoom option (Inherit Zoom, Actual Size, Fit in Window, Fit Width, or Fit Visible), but the zoom options only work when you export to interactive PDF; they’re ignored in SWF export. The hyperlink still takes the reader to the page in a SWF, but does not exercise the zoom. Chapter 5 Button Up116 ■ Text Anchor. Select text (or just click in text without selecting) to create a target. This works in both PDF and SWF export. ■ URL. Store a Web address (e.g., http://www.peachpit.com) or e-mail address (e.g., mailto:you@peachpit.com) to be targeted with the Go To URL button action. URL hyperlink destinations work in both PDF and SWF export. 9. Now you’ll hook the Home button up to the hyperlink destination on the TOC page. In the Pages panel, double-click the A-Master icon to return to the master page. Select the Home button ( ), choose the Go To Destination action, and select TOC from the Destination pull-down menu (Figure 5.50). Preview the document and test the buttons. Figure 5.50 Destinations can be created automatically while generating a Table of Contents, or manually by creating a page or text anchor. 10. All the wiring should be working now. You just need to do a little bit of cleanup: ■ On the cover page (the first page of the document), delete all but the Next Page button. Hold down Cmd-Shift (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift (Windows) as you select the buttons to unlock them, since they’re locked master page items. Center the Next button horizontally, using Smart Guides (View > Smart Guides to toggle the feature on and off ). ■ On the second page of the document (the biography page), delete the First Page and Last Page buttons. Button Actions 117 ■ On the TOC page (page iii), delete the First Page and Home buttons. To center the remaining buttons, unlock them all, distribute them evenly, and then select all the buttons and group them; that makes it much easier to trigger the magenta Smart Guide that appears when you hit the center of the page (how did we live without Smart Guides?). ■ On the last page of the document, delete the Next Page and Last Page buttons, and then group and recenter the remaining buttons. Save the file as Novel_Final.indd in the Novel folder. 11. Export the novel to SWF (File > Export), select the SWF folder inside the Novel folder in the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and choose Flash Player (SWF) as the format. Uncheck the Include Interactive Page Curl option; it would be cute, but redundant since you have the navigation buttons. Leave all the other settings at their defaults. 1 2. Your default browser should launch after the export is complete. Test the navigation buttons, as well as the hyperlinks in the Table of Contents. Think about the results: ■ Do you think the buttons are satisfactory? ■ Would you change anything—color, position, appearance—if it were your own document? ■ Do you think the buttons are obvious, or do you think there should be a legend page that tells the reader how to navigate through the document? These are some of the questions you’ll have to ask yourself as you start adding navigation controls to your own files. It can be a challenge to anticipate the needs of the audience that will view and interact with your project. Navigation controls should be intuitive, but not interfere with the viewing experience. It’s a good idea to enlist other users to test your projects before you deploy them. A Quick Guide to Button Actions You’ve experimented with many of the available button actions in this and previous chapters, but it might be nice to have a list of the possible button actions all in one place. And keep in mind that more than one button action can be assigned to a single trigger such as a mouse click; you can trigger an animation, play a video, activate a sound, and show a hidden button contain- ing artwork, all with a single click. Such sensory overload might be a shock Chapter 5 Button Up118 to your viewer, however. Here’s a guide to actions that can be triggered by buttons. SWF and PDF Actions Most actions work in both SWF and PDF export. The actions that function only in SWF, or only in PDF, are separated from the main list for clarity. This first group of actions works in both SWF and PDF export. ■ Go To Destination. Jumps to a “landing site” such as a page or text anchor. Destinations can be created by choosing New Hyperlink Destination from the Hyperlinks panel. Destinations are also automatically created and named when you generate a Table of Contents. The target of each TOC entry is added to the list of available destinations in the document. Note that destinations do not appear as a list in the Hyperlinks panel; they are only shown in the Go To Destination dialog. ■ Go To First Page. Jumps to the first page of the document. Note that, to a button action, “first page” is the actual first page of the document, even if it’s been designated as “page 35,” because you’ve introduced a section start with the Numbering & Section Options available in the Pages panel menu. ■ Go To Last Page. No ambiguity to this option; it takes the reader to the last page of the document. ■ Go To Next Page. Takes the reader to the next consecutive page. ■ Go To Previous Page. Takes the reader to the previous consecutive page. ■ Go To URL. Launches the reader’s default browser and opens the Web page in the URL link (such as http://www.peachpit.com). Note that the http:// segment of the Web address must be included, or clicking the link will yield an error for the reader. The Go To URL action can also be used to trigger the reader’s default e-mail program. To do this, use the mailto format (e.g., mailto:bob@peachpit.com, with no space between the colon and the target e-mail address). ■ Show/Hide Buttons. This action causes another button (or buttons) to appear or disappear. It’s frequently used for rollover effects. The Show/Hide action always requires two players: a button to trigger the action, and another button (or buttons) to play hide-and-seek. Button Actions 119 ■ Sound. Triggers a sound that’s been placed in the document. Sounds must be in the MP3 format. ■ Video. Triggers a video that’s been placed in the document. SWF-Only Actions The following actions work only in SWF export, and are ignored in an interactive PDF. ■ Animation. Plays, pauses, stops, resumes, or even reverses an animation (or multiple animations). ■ Go To Page. Jumps to a target page. (Note that page numbering is based on the absolute position of the page in the document, not any numbering imposed by the Numbering & Section Options in the Pages panel.) ■ Go To State. Displays a named state of a multistate object. ■ Go To Next State. Displays the next consecutive state of a multistate object. ■ Go To Previous State. Displays the previous consecutive state of a multi- state object. PDF-Only Actions The last four actions work only when the file is exported to the Interactive PDF format. ■ Go To Next View. A “view” in Acrobat is a specific zoom factor and page. You can think of Acrobat views as being much like the breadcrumb trail you invoke with the back and forward buttons in a Web browser. What a Go To Next View action accomplishes depends on what pages (and mag- nifications) the reader has viewed. Go To Next View will only jump to an- other page or zoom if the reader has already backtracked a bit. ■ Go To Previous View. Allows the reader to backtrack through a PDF, jumping back to pages (or zoom factors) previously viewed. ■ Open File. Opens a document file of any format (not limited to PDFs). Note that, for security reasons, Open File will not independently launch an application (e.g., you cannot set it to launch a browser or Microsoft Word). The reader must have the appropriate application to open the target file; for example, if you set a button to open a Microsoft Excel file, but the reader does not have Excel, they will not be able to open the file. ■ View Zoom. Activates one of the preset zoom factors in Acrobat, includ- ing Full Screen, Fit In Window, Fit Width, and so on. This page intentionally left blank Chapter 6 You’ve tweaked and polished your interactive InDesign document, carefully previewed it countless times, and shown it to your best friend over and over. It’s time to unleash your project on the world! As with most endeavors, it pays to start with well-tuned content and follow the rules of the road as you convey your content to the Web. You’ll encounter some speed bumps along the way, and a few stop signs. You’ll have to yield to software limitations and viewer requirements. OK. Enough with the highway metaphors. Let’s hit the road. (Sorry. Last one. I promise.) Before we examine ex- port and deployment, let’s consider the importance of starting with healthy content. Exporting and Deployment Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment122 Off to a Good Start You may be familiar with the technical term GIGO: Garbage In, Garbage Out. In print production, high resolution trumps low resolution, CMYK trumps RGB, vector trumps raster. You have to alter your beliefs as you begin creating Web content. Preparing content for the Web turns some of those fundamentals upside down. In Web reality, low resolution is preferable to high resolution (because of file size), and RGB is better than CMYK. (You don’t have to change all your beliefs, however; since SWF and FLA formats support vector art, you can still use crisp vector art without having to rasterize vector content.) Some other habits, such as building to correct dimensions and organizing your support files, carry through as you make the move from print to Web. Document Dimensions When you begin a new document and choose Web from the Intent pull-down menu (Figure 6.1), InDesign displays options for page sizes that correspond to onscreen dimensions. A document based on the Web intent uses pixels as the default unit of measurement, creates swatches as RGB values, and auto- matically chooses the RGB transparency blend space. While most users are likely to have monitors capable of at least 1024 by 768 pixels, InDesign’s default Web page size is 800 pixels by 600 pixels, which fits comfortably on most laptop screens—even compact netbooks—and provides Figure 6.1 Choose the Web intent, and InDesign provides a list of appropriate page dimensions for Web projects. Graphics 123 plenty of room for content. If you’re creating a project that you’ll present from your own screen, you may want to choose a more generous page size, since you have total control over how the content will be shown or projected. But what if you’re creating a document that will serve as the basis for both printed and onscreen output? You could create two separate documents with common content, but that can be frustrating as you struggle to keep up with two versions of your project, making sure that any modifications are made to both documents. This approach essentially doubles your work—just what you need! If you’re working on a project for which the landscape format is appropriate, build the print version of the document first; this gives you a head start. Then, when you’ve finalized the content (yes, I realize some clients make changes up to the last millisecond), save the print document, and then choose File > Save As to save a new version of the document. This will become the Web version, but InDesign may be able to reduce the amount of rework you have to do (especially if you’ve started with a landscape format). Choose Layout > Layout Adjustment, and check the Enable Layout Adjustment option (Figure 6.2). Leave the other options at the default settings and click OK. This doesn’t change the size of your document. It just gives InDesign permission to massage the content if you do change the dimensions or the margins. Figure 6.2 The Layout Adjustment feature allows InDesign to massage page content to fit altered margins or page sizes. Once you’ve enabled Layout Adjustment, then you can choose File > Document Setup to change the dimensions of the document. While you can’t change the intent to Web, you can still choose Web-appropriate dimensions. Graphics Think of graphics—whether they are raster images or vector graphics—as the basic building blocks of your projects. Just as you gather up the ingredients before you cook, make sure you’re baking with the appropriate graphics. Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment124 Color Space If you’re building a project that’s solely destined for onscreen viewing, create images and vector graphics in the RGB color space. In Photoshop, choose Image > RGB Color to convert an image to the RGB color space (or assure yourself that it’s already an RGB image). In Illustrator, choose File > Document Color Mode > RGB Color. In both applications, you can continue to choose colors from the CMYK color space, but the colors will be rendered as RGB values in the documents set to RGB color space. In Illustrator, spot colors retain their spot color identity, but they will be rendered as RGB when the file is incorporated into an InDesign file set up with the Web intent and exported to SWF, FLA, or interactive PDF. If you’re creating a project that will take both forks in the road (Web and print), start with the print document and create graphics in the correct color modes or print (CMYK, grayscale, and spot), and let InDesign do the heavy lifting for you. If you duplicate a print-destined InDesign document, modify it for Web viewing (see “Document Dimensions,” above), and export to SWF or FLA, all CMYK and spot color content is converted to sRGB (a subset of RGB, deemed the “lowest common denominator” for onscreen viewing) during ex- port. This means that you don’t have to keep two sets of graphics. Transparency If you’re converting a print document to a Web document, you must ensure that CMYK content with transparency effects (such as shadows or blend modes) is correctly handled, so you should choose Edit > Transparency Blend Space > Document RGB. This determines the color space that InDesign uses to “do the math” as it exports graphic content and figures out how to render it in final form. You don’t have to convert your graphics to RGB; that happens automatically during export to SWF, FLA, or interactive PDF. When you choose the Web intent while creating a new document, InDesign automatically sets the Transparency Blend Space to RGB. Be careful when using transparency effects on objects that overlap multi- media content. If the multimedia content is completely covered, you may be unable to click through the stacking order to activate the content, or to use controls (such as player skins in videos). Usually, if some part of the multime- dia component is uncovered, it’s accessible—and thus, clickable. Always test, test, test everything. And then test again. Graphics 125 Resolution If you’ve spent years designing for print, you’re accustomed to believing that images should be about 300 ppi (pixels per inch) at final size. Web content, by contrast, is traditionally 72–96 ppi. If you’re preparing an InDesign file that will be exported to SWF or FLA, feel free to work with lower-resolution images to start with. But if you’re using content that will also be used for print projects, you don’t have to perform extra work copying images to make low-resolution versions of them. Just keep the resolution high; InDesign will downsample image content on the way out the door as it exports the project. That’s one less thing for you to worry about. Streamlining Graphic Content When you add either Photoshop or Illustrator content to an InDesign file, it’s best to use File > Place (which should be your habit anyway). But occasionally it’s desirable to copy content in Illustrator and paste it into an InDesign file. For example, you might want to change the color of a vector-based icon on each page without having to keep up with several different Illustrator files. If you paste the content directly into InDesign (rather than placing it), you can manipulate the color and individual paths with InDesign’s vector tools. If you attempt to paste an exceedingly complex piece of Illustrator artwork with thousands of points, however, InDesign warns you of the folly of such a move, and takes the law into its own hands (Figure 6.3). Figure 6.3 Pasting (rather than placing) complex Illustrator files is not a good idea, and InDesign prevents it. When you export to SWF, all Illustrator content is treated the same, regard- less of whether it was placed or pasted. But when you export to FLA, you will find that file size is larger than it would be if content had been placed rather than pasted. You can economize exported file size by placing graphics (whether they’re images or vector art) on a master page if they’ll be repeated on multiple document pages, rather than placing the graphics multiple times. If you don’t edit the instances of the master object on document pages (for example, by Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment126 scaling, cropping, or rotating), that object is treated as one object (with mul- tiple references) in the outgoing FLA file. However, if you modify the objects on document pages, they’re seen as separate objects in the FLA file, each of which has its own identity. Exporting to SWF From InDesign When you choose File > Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format, you have to make some choices about how the project is treated during export. General Settings In the General section of the Export SWF dialog (Figure 6.4), you can just accept the defaults and click OK, or you can exercise control over a number of the exported file’s attributes. Figure 6.4 Default options for exporting to SWF from InDesign. Note that the interactive page curl is on by default. Here’s an overview of the General options for SWF export: ■ Export Selection. You can select an object (or several objects) in a page and export the selection to SWF. ■ Page Range. The default is All Pages. To specify individual pages, use a hyphen to separate contiguous pages, and commas to indicate discon- tiguous pages. For example, to export pages 1, 3, and 4, enter 1, 3-4 in the Range field. Exporting to SWF From InDesign 127 ■ Generate HTML File. The HTML file that’s generated is a sort of host file, which enables you (or your audience) to view the SWF by opening the HTML file in a Web browser. This is easier than requiring the end user to have a stand-alone SWF viewer, and faster than learning Adobe Dreamweaver to create your own HTML. ■ View SWF after Exporting. This option automatically launches your default Web browser and displays the SWF file. (This option is not avail- able if you deselect the Generate HTML File option.) ■ Size. You can specify a scale factor, choose from a list of popular sizes for onscreen viewing (such 1280 x 800 or 1024 x 768), or enter custom dimensions. ■ Background. Paper Color produces a white background (assuming you haven’t covered up the background area with objects or modified the defi- nition of the [Paper] swatch). The Transparent option lets the color of the default browser background show through empty areas, but prevents you from using page transitions or the interactive page curl. You’ll have to pro- vide navigation controls, such as buttons, so the viewer can page through a SWF with a transparent background. In the HTML file generated by InDesign as a companion file, the background color is hexadecimal value #999999, a charcoal gray. ■ Interactivity and Media. Include All does just what you think—it includes all multimedia content and interactive elements such as buttons. If you examine the files and folders created when you export an InDesign file containing multimedia to SWF, you’ll see that multimedia files are stored in a separate folder, with _Resources in the folder name. The Appearance Only option exports noninteractive placeholders that look like the inter- active content but don’t do anything. This could be helpful if you want to show a client how the finished piece will appear, without giving away the store by providing them finished, fully functional content. ■ Page Transitions. Select the From Document option (default) to use whatever transitions were applied to document pages, or disable existing page transitions by selecting None. You can also choose a page transition from the pull-down, such as Box, Comb, Dissolve, or Fade. ■ Include Interactive Page Curl. The page curl effect is selected by default. While it provides an easy method for viewers to click through a multipage SWF (provided they figure out they should click a corner to turn pages), you’ll want to turn it off if you’ve provided navigational buttons for paging Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment128 through a document. Otherwise, the page curl will be activated when the user clicks near a corner, and prevent them from using a button that’s positioned near the corner. If you just leave the settings unchanged and click OK, InDesign uses its default approach to image compression and text handling. With the excep- tion of disabling the interactive page curl when it gets in your way, you’ll probably get satisfactory results with the default settings. Advanced Settings If you want more detailed control over exporting SWF files, click the Advanced button at the top of the Export SWF dialog to explore more options. Don’t be intimidated by the options available in the Advanced mode of the Export SWF dialog (Figure 6.5). It offers play-by-play built-in help; hover over the label by any field in the dialog, and the Description field displays informa- tion about the option. Figure 6.5 InDesign provides helpful hints in the Advanced mode of the Export SWF dialog. Hover over a field label, and read the text that appears in the Description field. 129Exporting to SWF From InDesign Here’s an overview of the Advanced options for SWF export: ■ Frame Rate. The default 24 frames per second (fps) is the same default setting used by Flash Professional. Higher frame rates equate to smoother animations and larger file sizes. Frame rates above 24 fps are overkill, and values below 20 fps may result in choppy animation. ■ Text. Flash Classic Text results in smaller file sizes. Converting to outlines results in larger files (because letter-shaped vector objects are seen as objects, not text), and rasterizing text results in the largest file size, because lightweight text content is replaced with pixels. ■ Options. Rasterize Pages converts all page content (including vector objects and text) to pixels. Flatten Transparency renders transparent objects as opaque objects that retain the appearance of the original effects. Both options disable all interactivity in the SWF. ■ Compression. The default JPEG (Lossy) option is suitable for most condi- tions. The PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format supports transparency and 24-bit color, but can result in large files. The Automatic option lets InDesign apply what it considers to be appropriate settings on an image- by-image basis. Unless you have some reason to fiddle with the settings, leave the Compression setting at JPEG. ■ JPEG Quality. You can select the degree of JPEG compression by choosing a quality setting. Maximum will result in the largest file size (but clearest image content). Minimum will result in svelte SWFs, at the expense of image clarity. The High or Medium setting will usually result in reasonable file sizes without obvious compression artifacts. ■ Resolution. There’s no advantage to choosing a resolution greater than 96 ppi. Perform an experiment using the default 72 ppi setting for one export, and 96 ppi for another. Compare the results onscreen and see if you think the 96 ppi value results in better display quality. As you might expect, higher resolution results in a larger export file size. Unless you plan to place the SWF into a Flash Professional project and use ActionScript to provide a method for zooming in for an enlarged view, there’s no need to go beyond 96 ppi, because the viewer won’t have any way of zooming. TIP: If you’ve been experiment- ing with export settings and want to return to the default settings, hold down Option (Mac) or Alt (Windows) and the Cancel button in the Export SWF dialog becomes a Reset button. Click that button while holding down the Option/Alt key, and the export settings return to the factory values. Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment130 Deploying SWF Files Once you’ve chosen the appropriate options and exported your project to SWF, you have to determine how to distribute your project for the viewing pleasure of your audience. Sending your finished piece as an e-mail attachment is usually not a satisfactory approach, unless you have a very small target audience. The sensible solutions are to make your project available on the Internet (or an intranet if it’s a production for in-house viewing) or to distrib- ute the project on disc (appropriate for sending out a portfolio or résumé). Deploying to the Web (or Intranet) When you export a project containing multimedia components to SWF, the multimedia files are stored in a support folder named after the original file name, plus “_Resources” (Figure 6.6). In much the same way as a packaged InDesign file looks next door in its own Links folder to find support art, the SWF file expects the multimedia files to be in the _Resources folder. Because the SWF is hard-wired to look for its multimedia support in a par- ticular folder, you must not delete that folder, rename it, or move it. The folder architecture must remain intact for the project to behave correctly. There is one feature of the final project folder that you should change before you upload your project. Unless you want to require your viewers to type the complete directory path of the host HTML file that is generated along with the SWF, you should do the following: 1. Name the enclosing folder something simple, all lowercase. In the exam- ple in Figure 6.6, the enclosing folder is named citycenter. 2. Rename the host HTML file either index.html or default.html (I always use index.html). If you do this, the viewer only has to enter your main URL, followed by the name of the folder containing the index.html file. Web browsers “know” to automatically launch an HTML file with that name when it exists in a directory; all you have to do is lead the viewer to the directory, and the browser does the rest. Instead of having to type www.myparticularwebaddress.com/citycenter/CityCenterDone.html, Figure 6.6 Any multimedia content related to a SWF file is stored in the _Resources directory. Don’t move, rename, or delete this folder during deployment. Deploying SWF Files 131 they can just type www.myparticularwebaddress.com/citycenter. After you’ve renamed the HTML file index.html, the directory structure looks like Figure 6.7. Once you’ve modified the name of the HTML file, upload the enclosing folder and its contents to your Web site and spread the word. If you’re storing the project on an in-house server for viewing, the process is the same: Fix the HTML name, simplify the name of the enclosing folder, and upload the enclosing folder to the appropriate shared volume on your server. Your IT contact will have to advise you on the syntax you should provide to colleagues who want to access the project (this will vary depending on the network protocol and server type). Whether you’re deploying to a Web hosting server or to the server in your office, viewers will still need the current version of the Flash Player plug-in for their browser. If they attempt to view your project without the appropri- ate plug-in installed, they’ll receive an alert informing them that the content requires the Flash Player plug-in, along with a link so they can download and install the plug-in. If you’d like to provide that information to your viewers so they can prepare to view your project, direct them to the download page on the Adobe Web site: http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/. CD/DVD Distribution If you’re creating a project that will be distributed on disc, you have several choices for enabling the viewer to experience your project. If you want the viewer to access the project by launching their browser, consider naming the HTML file something inviting, such as DoubleclickMe.html. When they double-click the HTML file, their default browser will launch, and the project will load and play. Viewers can also use Adobe Media Player to view your project without having to launch a browser. Adobe Media Player is available here: http:// www.adobe.com/products/mediaplayer. Figure 6.7 Rename the HTML file index.html to make it a bit simpler for viewers to access your project. Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment132 To allow the viewer to play your project with a stand-alone player (without a browser), provide a link to the download page for the free Flash Player Projector application: http://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/ downloads.html. A Projector file is a self-playing file that incorporates all multimedia content; it does not require a separate application or browser to play. When you export to a Projector file, you have options for creating Mac or Windows projectors (or both). Typically, you would create a Projector file for each operating system and include both files on disc. Note that, even though viewers can launch the SWF file of your project with the Projector application, any multimedia resources must still be available, maintaining the original directory structure expected by the SWF file. If the recipients of your disc have the Flash Player Projector application installed, they’ll be able to double-click the SWF file and launch it directly. Since you can’t be assured that they will download the Projector application, however, it’s still best to distribute the host HTML file along with the SWF. Projector files are executables (EXE files on Windows, application files on Macintosh computers). In secure environments, installing any application— even your entertaining project—is discouraged. Additionally, Projector files contain a specific version of Flash Player, which might be out of date. Instead of exporting to SWF, you could export your InDesign project to the editable FLA format, open the FLA file in Flash Professional, edit it to play as you want (more about that in Chapter 7), and then export the Flash project as a Projector file. If you take this route, it simplifies distribution on disc, since no external program is necessary, but it may require you to do substan- tial work in Flash Professional to restore functionality that is lost when an interactive InDesign file is exported to FLA. There is no option to directly export a self-playing Projector file from InDesign. There are still places your project won’t be playable. In locked-down corporate environments with security concerns, users might not be allowed to down- load or install any software (including Projector files and the Flash Player plug-in). You have no control over the environments of your viewers, so there’s no guarantee that everyone in your target audience will be able to view your project. In anticipation of that, you might consider providing a link to a non- Flash version of your content that they can view in a browser without needing the plug-in. Wrapping Up 133 Wrapping Up The easiest path out of InDesign is to export to SWF format and count on your viewers to have a Web browser with the current Flash Player plug-in installed. Given that Adobe estimates that 99 percent of computers con- nected to the Internet have Flash Player (http://www.adobe.com/products/ player_census/flashplayer/), you’re fairly safe sending your project out into the world with the expectation that almost everyone has the software and hardware necessary to view it. Note that the 99 percent figure refers to computers, and it does not take into consideration that there are popular devices in the marketplace that, while Internet-capable, don’t allow Flash content to be played. And that’s all I’m going to say about that. This page intentionally left blank Chapter 7 The theme of this book is “build in InDesign so you don’t have to learn Flash,” but it can be enlightening to know what your project looks like when it’s exported to FLA. While this chapter is not an in-depth guide to using Adobe Flash Professional, it will introduce you to the general Flash interface and a few Flash functions. Exploring a project in Flash will give you an appreciation for how much work Adobe InDesign CS5 is doing behind the scenes to make it easy for you to create interactive content. When you’re ready to dig more deeply into Flash Professional, go to www.peachpit.com and search for Flash Professional. You’ll find a wealth of resources, from introductory through advanced topics. Exporting to Flash Professional Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional136 Preparing for Flash Professional If you’re working on a project that will require more functionality than you can accomplish in InDesign (such as interactive forms), you’ll have to take advantage of InDesign’s ability to export to FLA, the native format of Flash Professional. (And, yes, it’s pronounced “flah.”) When you use the intuitive interactive tools in InDesign and then export your interactive project directly to SWF format, everything is baked together and you don’t have to think about how the complex interactions are accom- plished. Nor do you have to edit the SWF file to make it behave. However, any export to FLA format results in substantial alterations to the function- ality of interactive content. This translates to quite a bit of rework in Flash Professional to reconstitute lost functionality. First, we’ll look at the export settings for the FLA format, and then we’ll have a heart-to-heart talk about what falls off during export, and what you can do about that. Finally, we’ll do a little exploring in Flash Professional to see what goes on there. Export Settings If you want to use Flash Professional to add further functionality, such as behaviors that can only be accomplished with the ActionScript scripting lan- guage, choose File > Export and select the Flash CS5 Professional (FLA) format option in the export dialog. The Export Flash dialog appears (Figure 7.1). Figure 7.1 When you export an interactive InDesign project to the FLA format, you can control page range, scale, compression, and text handling. Preparing for Flash Professional 137 Let’s explore the options in the export dialog. ■ Export. You can choose to export just the objects that are selected when you choose File > Export (handy if you want to test a section of a spread, or if you want to incorporate only a portion of your layout in a Flash ani- mation). Otherwise, select the All Pages option or specify a range of pages. Here you can also choose to rasterize pages or flatten transparency, but all interactivity (such as buttons) will be disabled if you choose either option. ■ Size. You should build your interactive document to the correct finished size, but this section gives you the opportunity to scale content during export by choosing preset screen-appropriate dimensions from the Fit To pull-down, or by specifying a custom width and height. ■ Interactivity and Media. If you have multimedia content, choose the Include All option to create a resources folder to hold movies and sounds. This option also ensures that buttons are live and clickable in the FLA file. Any multistate objects are converted to movie clip symbols, and each state of the object appears in a single frame on the Flash timeline. If you choose Appearance Only, no resources folder is created, and buttons retain their appearance but become static objects with no functionality. ■ Text. The default choice, Flash TLF (Text Layout Framework) Text, is the most flexible option. Text frames that have been threaded together for text flow will maintain their threaded behavior in Flash, and text is completely editable and searchable. For smaller file size, choose Flash Classic Text (which is also editable and searchable). If you’ve used a decorative font or invoked font features such as swashes, you may wish to choose the Convert to Outlines option. While this limits editability in Flash Professional, it faithfully maintains the appearance of text. Convert to Pixels will also main- tain the appearance of text, but will increase file size. Neither outlined nor rasterized text will be searchable. ■ Image Handling. You’ll probably be satisfied with the default option to use high-quality JPEG compression, but your other options include PNG (Portable Network Graphics), which is a lossless format. Understandably, the PNG option can result in larger file sizes (and slower onscreen perfor- mance as a result). You can choose the Automatic option, which allows InDesign to determine the outcome. You can also specify image resolution if you want something other than the default 72 ppi. Increasing image resolution will, of course, increase file size. TIP: To reset the settings in the Export Flash dialog, press the Option (Mac) or Alt (Windows) key; the Cancel button becomes a Reset button. Click the Reset button to start over with the default export settings. Be vigi- lant. Sometimes the Interactivity and Media setting “sticks” at Appearance Only, so you may have to reselect the Include All radio button. Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional138 Export Issues Because export to FLA format is essentially a translation process, some voodoo is performed behind the scenes to transform InDesign content to something Flash Professional can understand. Because page layout is a very different undertaking from creating Flash content, you can expect some sur- prises during that translation. For example, a graphic placed multiple times in an InDesign file will be trans- lated into a single instance of that graphic in Flash Professional, referred to rather than repeated. However, transforming or cropping an instance of a graphic results in a new, separate object in the FLA export. Effects can add substantially to the complexity of an exported FLA file. For example, adding just the bevel and emboss effect to a circle in InDesign greatly increases the number of items in the library of the exported Flash file (Figure 7.2). One solution is to defer the addition of shadows, glows, and bevels, and just add the effects (called filters in Flash) in Flash Professional. As mentioned in Chapter 6, large numbers of vector objects can slow perfor- mance in exported FLA or SWF files. Thus, it’s preferable to use File >Place when placing Adobe Illustrator files into an InDesign document, rather than copying and pasting from Illustrator. A placed Illustrator file is seen as one object, whereas a pasted Illustrator file is seen as all of its individual objects, which increases file size in Flash Professional. However, if you need to manipu- late individual components of the Illustrator art in Flash, paste from Illustrator Figure 7.2 A simple circle in InDesign (left) translates to a simple entry in the library of an exported FLA file. The addition of a bevel and emboss effect (right) creates a more complex series of entries in the library. Lost in Translation 139 into InDesign so you can use the Modify > Break Apart function in Flash Professional to ungroup and modify complex objects. You can also copy and paste between Illustrator and Flash Professional. Lost in Translation If you’re creating a project in which you can accomplish everything with InDesign, just export to SWF, upload the appropriate files, and you’re done. It’s only when you need heavy-duty Flash development that the FLA export is even necessary (or useful). Here’s the bad news: Much of the functionality that InDesign bakes into an exported SWF file is not included when an InDesign project is exported to the FLA format. Consequently, substantial work may be required in Flash Professional to restore such features as multimedia content and animation controls. While this may seem like a bug, consider that the only reason to export to the FLA format is to add functionality in Flash Professional. InDesign feels that “if you’re going there anyway, you’ll redo all this stuff when you get there.” (You won’t see that sentence in an alert when you choose the FLA export format.) Since most functionality is stripped off during FLA export, you might ask why the FLA export option is even provided. Perhaps the most sensible use of the FLA export feature is to bundle up all the graphic content that a Flash devel- oper will require as they build a complex interactive experience to parallel a printed project. If you want control over text placement and layout, InDesign is still a good starting point, since text threading and layout are maintained in FLA export. If you’ve added interactive functionality in InDesign, export a SWF file for the Flash developer to use as a prototype. It’s sort of like sending a PDF to the printer along with your packaged InDesign file, so the printer can use the PDF as a reference for how the finished piece should look. With the invaluable help of Jean-Claude Tremblay, I’ve created a list of what’s retained (and what’s broken or discarded) during export to FLA. ■ Hyperlinks and bookmarks are broken. This includes hyperlinks used to take the reader from one page in the document to another. ■ Multistate objects are converted to Flash movie clips, and will just cycle endlessly in an exported FLA file, because InDesign doesn’t include a “stop” command in the export. And any buttons that were used to control the behavior of the multistate object will have to be re-coded in Flash. Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional140 ■ Animations are preserved, but they have no properties or timing controls. They are converted to movie clip symbols, and most coding must be re- done. On the plus side, custom motion presets created in InDesign can be exported as XML files, which can then be imported into Flash Professional. The converse is also true; motion presets from Flash Professional can be saved as XML files and imported for use in InDesign. ■ Multipage InDesign files will loop rapidly in Flash Professional, like a speed-reading slideshow. You will have to add snippets of ActionScript language to induce stops and starts to make the file behave correctly. Each page becomes a movie clip symbol, and each page generates a sepa- rate keyframe. ■ Page transition effects are lost and must be recreated in Flash Professional. ■ The ability to click in a page to go to the next or previous page is lost and must be replaced with new code in Flash Professional. ■ While multimedia content is exported to a resources folder along with the FLA file, the content will not be active in the FLA file. Only the posters for multimedia content are carried through. You’ll have to import video and sounds manually into the FLA file in Flash Professional. Consequently, if you’re designing a project in InDesign with the intention of enhancing it in Flash Professional, there’s no advantage to placing multimedia content in the InDesign document unless you wish to use it to generate a SWF file to show a Flash developer how movies and sounds should be positioned in the FLA file. ■ Buttons are preserved, but all assigned actions are removed. Buttons are not optimized; even if a button is placed on a master page, each instance in the document will be seen as a separate object, thus increasing file size and the number of Flash library items created. A Flash developer will prob- ably opt to recreate buttons and their functions to streamline the file. ■ Object names are retained during the export to FLA. Flash developers tend to name objects according to their own conventions, for quick recognition during coding. If you work closely with a developer, ask if you can give the project a head start by naming objects sensibly. Remember that InDesign CS5 gives you the ability to name every object in the Layers panel, and you’re also given the option to name animations in the Animation panel. Editing in Flash Professional 141 Editing in Flash Professional Let’s take a quick look around the Flash interface (Figure 7.3). It doesn’t resemble InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, or Illustrator; its appearance is a vestige of its Macromedia ancestry. While the interface has, to some extent, been “Adobefied,” it was important to not disorient longtime Flash users who were accustomed to its original appearance. The stage is analogous to the page in InDesign. It’s where everything happens. You’ll see some familiar tool icons, such as selection tools, a Type tool, a Pen tool, and so on. The Timeline below the stage controls the duration of animated sequences. The Properties panel provides settings for the appearance and behavior of objects on the stage, and the Library panel (tucked in behind the Properties panel) lists all the objects in the document. Keeping in mind that it’s not the intention of this chapter to turn you into a Flash developer, you’ll now take a look at how a relatively simple InDesign project translates to FLA format. You’ll discover that, even though some Figure 7.3 The Flash Professional interface. While many tools may look foreign, the conventions you know from other Adobe applications should be familiar. A. Stage B. Panels C. Choose Workspace D. Properties and Library E. Tools F. Timeline A C D E B F Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional142 of the animation behavior from InDesign carries through, it becomes sort of a runaway train. You would have to add behaviors and controls in Flash Professional to replicate what’s lost in the translation between the two programs. First, you’ll view a finished SWF file that shows how the project is intended to behave. It may look familiar, since it’s based on one of the exercise files from Chapter 4. 1. Launch your Web browser, navigate to the Ch_7_Exercise > Exported_SWF folder, and double-click shapes.html (Figure 7.4). Experiment with the behaviors of the shapes. Click the orange square and red heart to trigger their animations. Roll over the blue half-moon to see it rotate, and click the gray button to make the purple doughnut grow. Close the browser after you’ve experimented with the shapes. ON PAGE LOAD ON CLICK ON CLICK ON ROLL OVER ON BUTTON EVENT 2. Next, you’ll see how Flash Professional handles a FLA file exported from the same InDesign file that generated the SWF file. Launch Adobe Flash CS5 Professional, choose File > Open, navigate to the Exported_FLA folder inside the Ch_7_Exercise folder, and open shapes.fla. The shapes don’t have the gradient fill or the bevel-and-emboss effects that you saw in the exported SWF; this was done to simplify operations and speed up performance a bit. Choose Control > Test Movie > Test to view the run- ning animation. Not only does the activity require no input from you, you’ll find that you can’t control it at all. No amount of clicking will stop the frenetic motion. You may recall the earlier comment that InDesign does not include a “stop” command; that explains why the animation has run amok. Close the file without saving it. 3. To see what’s involved in replicating the behavior of the exported SWF file, you’ll open a FLA file that’s been extensively edited. In the Edited_FLA folder, open shapes_edited.fla. Choose Control > Test Movie > Test and notice that now the behaviors are correct. The objects respond to mouse clicks, perform a single animation, and then stop. Figure 7.4 Play the shapes SWF in a browser (or Flash viewer, if you have one) to see how the animations of the geometric shapes should behave. Editing in Flash Professional 143 4. Choose Window > Actions. In the Actions layer, click in the first and only frame (Figure 7.5) to view the ActionScript code attached to the frame. This particular bit of code ensures that the orange square will respond to a click in the page. Figure 7.5 The tiny “a” indicates that there is ActionScript attached to the frame. 5. Rather than be intimidated by the code (Figure 7.6), be grateful InDesign makes it so easy to accomplish the same thing without having to write any code at all! Keep in mind, too, that this is only a portion of the code that’s required in Flash Professional to make things happen. The more you know about what’s required of a Flash developer, the more you will respect all those entertaining Flash animations you encounter on the Web. And try not to feel guilty about how easy InDesign makes this kind of work. Leave the Actions panel open. 6. Choose the Selection tool ( ), and click the heart. Once the heart is select- ed, double-click the heart. You should see Scene 1 > Spread 1 just above the stage (Figure 7.7). This indicates that you’ve drilled down one level into the file content. 7. Double-click the heart to dig down one more level in the file hierarchy, then click the heart to select it. Below the stage area, click the Motion Editor tab. At the bottom left of the Motion Editor panel, change the Viewable Frames value from 15 to 30 so you can see more frames within the editor. (You can just hold down the mouse button and scrub across the current value to increase it.) Position your cursor over the top edge of the Motion Editor window, and drag upward until you can see more control rows. If necessary, scroll down until you see the Transformation controls. The zigzag line indicates the scale changes that make the heart appear to throb (Figure 7.8). Think of it as the EKG of the object as it changes size during its animation. Experiment by dragging on the anchor Figure 7.6 This ActionScript code gives you an idea what’s going on under the hood. Figure 7.7 Watch the Breadcrumbs bar to keep track of where you are in the hierarchy of the file. Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional144 points, and then preview the animation by pressing the movie test short- cut, Command-Return (Mac) or Ctrl-Enter (Windows). 8. Return to the main scene by clicking Scene 1 above the stage. Double- click to select Spread 1, then double-click another object to select it, and experiment with the Motion Editor. When you’re finished, close the file without saving it. Now that you’ve stuck your toe in the deep and vast pool that is Flash Professional, surely you have an even greater appreciation for the vastly more intuitive tools that InDesign provides for creating interactive content. You should also have deeper appreciation for the Flash developers who make this stuff look easy. In the next chapter, we’ll explore another application that prevents you from having to learn code. Adobe Flash Catalyst allows you to start with Photoshop or Illustrator files and build interactivity with the guidance of something called the Heads Up Display, or HUD. Don’t Be Afraid of Code Exploring the code-based controls in Flash Professional probably had one of two effects on you: Either you recoiled in horror at what seems to be a foreign language, or your interest was piqued, tempting you to explore more deeply. The exercise wasn’t intended to frighten you; it was meant to show you what’s going on under the hood so you’d appreciate the hidden strength of InDesign’s interactive tools. If you are now curious about what Flash Professional and ActionScript can do, all the better. Maybe you’ll be inspired to become a Flash developer yourself. Figure 7.8 The Motion Editor provides an editable graphic representation of the animation applied to an object. Chapter 8 Say hello to the new kid on the block. Adobe Flash Catalyst CS5 is available as part of the Adobe Creative Suite Design Premium, Web Premium, Production Premium, and Master Collection, or as a separate purchase. Flash Catalyst enables you to build interactive content and user interfaces from scratch (without coding!), and import artwork components created in Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Fireworks, or Adobe Photoshop. Flash Catalyst Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst146 Or, you can begin an interactive project in Illustrator or Photoshop, creating much of the content and structure by organizing content in layers to give yourself a head start. Then you can import the AI or PSD file into Flash Catalyst and add extensive interactivity with intuitive tools. (Note that, although the majority of this book has been dedicated to the interactive capabilities of InDesign, Flash Catalyst will not open or import an InDesign file. However, you can create simple interactive content in InDesign, export it to SWF, and import the SWF into a Flash Catalyst project, as long as the SWF does not rely on external resources such as video or audio files.) While Flash Catalyst enables you to add interactivity with ease, it does have a few limitations. Flash Catalyst cannot animate objects; if you want animation, you’ll have to create it elsewhere and import the finished element as a SWF file. You’ll find the drawing tools simplistic; there are no Pathfinder operations, and there’s no Pen tool. You’re limited to drawing rectangles, rounded rectangles, ellipses, triangles, hexagons, octagons, and stars. You can only have one project open at a time in Flash Catalyst; you’ll have to close one to work on another. Perhaps you’re getting my subliminal message: Build in Photoshop or Illustrator, and embroider in Flash Catalyst. Flash Catalyst can import AI, PSD, JPEG, PNG, MP3, FLV, F4V, SWF, and FXG (Flash XML Graphics) formats. When you’re finished with a Flash Catalyst project, you can publish to SWF, AIR, or FXP (the native format of Flash Catalyst). You’re already familiar with SWF; the content can be viewed in a browser or an application such as Adobe Media Player. Adobe AIR is a bit harder to describe. It’s a platform for Rich Internet Applications (Get it? RIA backwards is AIR), which are stand-alone client applications that don’t require a browser. The FXP format can be opened in Adobe Flash Builder (a separate application, formerly known as Adobe Flex Builder) for additional development such as connecting with data sources. Note, though, that there is not a pathway to Flash Professional from Flash Catalyst. There. Now that we’ve gotten the acronyms out of the way, let’s have some fun. You’ll experiment briefly with a new document to get a feel for the Flash Catalyst environment, and then you’ll import Photoshop and Illustrator files so you can explore the Flash Catalyst tools that allow you to add interactivity to the content. This chapter is intended to acquaint you with the basics of Flash Catalyst. It’s not a full course in doing everything in the application. More than anything, it’s meant to convince you that Flash Catalyst puts fairly complex interactivity *Three-Letter Acronyms Ahead 147The Flash Catalyst Workspace within reach for users familiar with the way Adobe applications think. If you are reasonably comfortable in Illustrator and Photoshop, you’ll soon feel comfortable in Flash Catalyst—especially since the primary function of one of its key features is to hold your hand and lead you in the right direction. It’s sort of like a fuzzy puppy. Play with it a little while, and you’ll fall in love. The Flash Catalyst Workspace When you launch Flash Catalyst, you’re greeted by the welcome screen, which serves as a portal to recently opened projects, options for starting new projects from Photoshop and Illustrator files, and online resources such as Adobe TV. The welcome screen also offers you the options to create a new project from an imported Illustrator, Photoshop, or FXG file, or begin a Flash Catalyst project from scratch (Create New Project). Notice that this welcome screen, unlike those in other Adobe applications, offers no option for “do not show again.” You’ll see this screen every time you launch Flash Catalyst (Figure 8.1). The Flash Catalyst environment is only minimally similar to InDesign, Photoshop, or Illustrator. It has a tray of panels on the right side of the screen, timelines and design-time data panels across the bottom, and what looks like a control panel across the top, as well as a horizontal tool panel—but Figure 8.1 The Flash Catalyst welcome screen provides links to recently opened projects, and invites you to import an AI, PSD, or FXG as a starting file—or start from scratch. Take time to explore the resources, including Adobe TV. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst148 there’s where the family resemblance ends (Figure 8.2). There are only two workspaces: Design and Code. Don’t let the Code workspace scare you; the code displayed in that view is read-only, presented for your edification (or relief—look at how hard you’re not having to work!). You can’t create custom workspaces, but there is a Reset Workspace command for cleaning house. You can’t dislodge a panel and use it as a free-floating panel, nor can you completely close a panel. However, you can double-click a panel tab to collapse the panel to a tab-only view, and you can reposition the dividers between interface panels to reveal more rows of the Timelines panel or enlarge the artboard area. As with most Adobe applications, you can press the Tab key to hide everything but the open document and the menu bar across the top. Usually, this happens by accident and frightens the unsuspecting user. Now you’ve been warned. In the default Design workspace, the central artboard contains the project. The row of thumbnails above the artboard area contains the pages (also known as states) of the project. These represent the different views that will be presented to users as they navigate to different topics in the exported SWF or AIR file. Figure 8.2 Guide to the Flash Catalyst environment. A. Pages/States panel B. Breadcrumbs bar C. Artboard D. Heads Up Display (HUD) E. Tools F. Panels G. Timelines and design-time data panels A B C D E F G Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 149 You’ll use the Heads Up Display (affectionately referred to as “HUD” in the Flash Catalyst interface) and Breadcrumbs bar frequently. The HUD’s content is contextual; what you see there depends on what you have selected in the artboard. For example, if you have designated an object to be a button (as seen in Figure 8.2), the HUD gives you options for controlling the appearance of the button in each of its states: Up, Over, Down, and Disable. You can position the HUD wherever you like, just by dragging it around by its top edge. The Breadcrumbs bar (you gotta love that name!) helps you find your way back to the main project when you’ve burrowed down to modify a single object. If you’ve encountered Isolation Mode in Illustrator, this will feel familiar. Basic Flash Catalyst Tools While you’ll frequently do much of your prep work in Illustrator or Photoshop, you can create a project from square one in Flash Catalyst. In the first exercise, you’ll create a simple, single-page project to start getting familiar with the Flash Catalyst interface. 1. Launch Flash Catalyst. In the welcome screen, under Create New Project, click Adobe Flash Catalyst Project. Name the project cabins, and keep the default dimensions of 800 pixels by 600 pixels (Figure 8.3). Click in the block by the Color option, choose the medium dark gray swatch on the first row (#666666), and click OK. Figure 8.3 You can begin a project in Flash Catalyst and draw and import all content. Choose a size and background color and name the file. TIP: To get the full-fledged user guide for Flash Catalyst (like the printed copies we used to get in the Olden Days), choose Help > Flash Catalyst Help. Adobe Community Help launches, displaying a list of topics. In the upper right corner of the application, look for the small PDF icon and click on the text “View Help PDF.” Once the Help PDF is downloaded (it may take a few moments, depend- ing on your connection speed), it opens inside the Community Help interface. To save the PDF on your computer, click on the small floppy icon ( ). TIP: If you’d like to view the completed project in Flash Catalyst before you start, navigate to the Finished Cabins Project folder inside the Ch_8_Exercises folder, and open cabins.fxp. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst150 2. Now you’ll import an image of the mountain cabin’s front porch. Choose File > Import > Adobe Photoshop File, navigate to the Ch_8_Exercises folder, select RockingChairPorch.psd, and click Open. Keep the default image import settings (Figure 8.4). When you click OK, the image is placed in the page. Figure 8.4 Photoshop Import Options for placed images. To choose layer comps, click the Advanced button. Restrictions on Imported Art ■ Maximum bitmap image size: 2048 pixels by 2048 pixels ■ Maximum total number of pixels: 20 million ■ Maximum number of objects: 6500 ■ Maximum file size: 40MB ■ Version: AI and PSD files must be CS4 or later 3. Choose the Select tool (black arrow), hold down the Shift key, and drag a corner of the image to reduce it to about 75% of its original size. Position the image so its left and bottom edges touch the left and bottom edges of the artboard. Nudge the image with the keyboard arrows so it hangs outside the artboard edge very slightly, ensuring that there will be no gap between the image and the edge of the project. 4. Choose the Rectangle tool ( ), and draw a rectangle across the top of the artboard, about 100 pixels tall (you don’t have to be exact, because you’ll adjust the size and position next). In the Properties panel, set the Stroke to None and the Fill to black (#000000) (Figure 8.5). Set the Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 151 dimensions of the black rectangle to 800 pixels wide and 100 pixels high, and set the X and Y coordinates to 0. While you’re there, notice that the Properties panel also provides controls for opacity, rotation, and corner radius. Save the project in the Ch_8_Exercises folder as cabins.fxp and keep it open. Figure 8.5 The Properties panel allows you to control dimensions, fill, stroke, opacity, and more for a selected object. 5. Choose the Type tool ( ), and click and drag on top of the black rect- angle to create a text frame. In the Properties panel, set the text size to about 50 or 60 pixels, and choose the White swatch (#FFFFFF). Choose the font Arial Bold, type the headline Mountain Cabins, and set the text alignment to Center. If the text frame is too small, choose the Select tool and pull on the corners of the frame. Choose Modify > Align > Horizontal Center to center the text frame on the artboard, and then drag the frame to visually center the text vertically in the black rectangle. The project should look something like Figure 8.6 at this point. Figure 8.6 The Mountain Cabins project so far. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst152 6. Now you’ll create some button art. Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool, hidden under the Rectangle tool, and click and drag in the gray area on the right side of the project to create a button about 150 pixels wide by 60 pixels high (use the values in the Properties panel as a guide). Fill the button with medium gray (#999999). Note that you can change the radius of the rounded corners by changing the Corners value in the Properties panel. There’s no provision for changing the radius for individual corners, however. 7. The Properties panel has three sections: Common, Appearance, and Filters. If necessary, scroll down in the Properties panel to see the Filters section, and click the triangle to the left of the Filters label to see the options. Make sure the button is still selected, click the plus sign next to the Add Filter label, and choose the Bevel option (Figure 8.7). Leave the settings at their default values—or experiment, if you like. Save the project and keep it open. Figure 8.7 Click the Add Filter button to add filters such as Blur, Drop Shadow, Inner Shadow, Bevel Glow, and Inner Glow. 8. The button needs a label. Choose the Type tool, and click and drag to create a text frame on top of the button. Type the word Photos, and use the following settings: ■ Font: Arial Bold ■ Size: 20 pixels ■ Color: White (#FFFFFF) ■ Alignment: Center 9. Switch to the Select tool, and pull the bottom edge of the text frame up near the baseline of the text. This makes it easier to center the text frame TIP: To see the tools hidden under the Select, Rectangle, and Triangle tools, just click and hold down your mouse button on top of the visible tool. Release the mouse button once you’re over the tool you want. You can also invoke the basic shape-drawing tools with single-letter keyboard shortcuts: M (Rectangle), U (Rounded Rectangle), and L (Ellipse). Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 153 over the button. Hold down Shift, and click the button object you created earlier to select both the button and the text frame. Choose Modify > Align > Horizontal Center, and then Modify > Align > Vertical Center. The text should now be centered on the button. Keep the button and text frame selected for the next steps. 10. You need two more buttons, so copy the button and text frame to the Clipboard (Mac: Command-C; Windows: Control-C). Paste (Mac: Command-V; Windows: Control-V), but don’t re-click; the duplicate but- ton set is pasted into the same coordinates as the originals. Hold down the Shift key to constrain movement, and drag straight down to posi- tion the second button. Release the mouse button, then the Shift key. Alternatively, you can just use the down arrow on your keyboard to move the pasted button and its label. Hold down Shift while you press the arrow key, and the selected object moves in bigger jumps. 1 1. Copy the second button and its text frame to the Clipboard, and paste it into position. Hold down Shift and drag straight down to position the third button. Flash Catalyst doesn’t have any “distribute evenly” opera- tions, as in Illustrator. However, you can snap to a grid. Choose View > Grid > Show Grid, and then choose View > Grid > Snap to Grid. Position the buttons so there are two or three grid rows between them, and then toggle off the grid by choosing View > Grid again. Toggle off the Snap to Grid by again choosing View > Grid > Snap to Grid. 1 2. Now you’ll change the labels on the buttons. Choose the Type tool, and click in the text frame over the second button. (You can also double-click the text frame with the Select tool to switch to the Type tool.) Select the text and replace it with Rates. Relabel the third button Map. Save the project and keep it open. 1 3. Now you’ll use the HUD (Heads Up Display) to convert one of the buttons to a real, functioning button. Switch to the Select tool, select the top but- ton, and Shift-click to select the Photos text. In the HUD, under Convert Artwork to Component, click Choose Component and select Button from the pull-down menu. The HUD immediately changes, giving you options for the button’s behavior and appearance. 1 4. Click the Over state in the HUD, and the display changes. Everything but the button is grayed out, and you can’t select other objects. This is so you can concentrate on the button and not change anything else accidentally. Click in the text frame. Then, in the HUD, under Convert to Button Part, click Choose Part and select Label from the pull-down. TIP: You can customize the grid color and measurements by choosing View > Grid & Guide Settings. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst154 1 5. In the Filters panel, click the plus sign next to the Add button, and add a Glow filter. Set the Glow color to a light blue (we used #96F2FF), and set the Blur value to 10. 1 6. In the Breadcrumbs bar, click the first part of the breadcrumbs trail: cabins (the name of the project). This takes you back out into the main artboard. Nothing is grayed out now, indicating you’re no longer working on a single component. (You can also press the Esc key on the keyboard to return to the main artboard.) Select the Photos button, and in the Interactions panel, click the Add Interaction button (Figure 8.8). Use the following settings, and then click OK. ■ Event: On Click ■ Action: Go To URL (this makes the URL field appear just below the Action pull-down) ■ URL: http://www.bfparkonline.net (a Web site created for this book) ■ Window: Open in New Window (this opens a new browser window when the hyperlinked site is displayed) Figure 8.8 In the Interactions panel, choose the event and action to be applied to a button. 1 7. Save the file, and then test the project. Choose File > Run Project, or press Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows). The project is rendered to a temporary file, and plays in your default browser. When the project opens in the browser, test the Photos button. Roll your cur- sor over the button to see the glow, and click the button to launch a new browser window and view the target Web site. (If you’d like to set up the remaining two buttons to link to URLs, feel free to experiment.) 1 8. To export the file, choose File > Publish to SWF/AIR. For the output direc- tory, click the Browse button to navigate to the Export Cabins Project folder in the Ch_8_Exercises folder. Leave the export options at the default and click Publish. TIP: The blue underlined values in Flash Catalyst panels are “scrubbable.” Just hold down the mouse button and scrub left and right on the value to decrease or increase it. It’s not exact, but it’s easier and faster than typing! Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 155 1 9. Go out to your operating system (Mac: Finder; Windows: Windows Explorer), and navigate to the Export Cabins Project folder. The export process created a new folder named cabins. Inside that folder are two subfolders: deploy-to-web and run-local. As the names imply, one is for uploading to a website, and the other contains content to be run off a local computer or network volume. In the run-local folder, double-click Main.html to launch your default browser and view the results. AIR applications are stand-alone programs that do not require a browser or the Flash Player to be viewed. (The advantage is that no external player is required. The downside is that the AIR application must be installed in order to run. This can be a drawback because some users might be reluctant to install an unknown application, or might work in locked-down environments that do not allow the installation of unauthorized applications.) If you want to export the Mountain Cabins project as an AIR application, follow these steps. 1. Return to Flash Catalyst, choose File > Publish to SWF/AIR. Choose the Export Cabins Project folder in the Ch_8_Exercises folder (it should still be selected in the Output directory field). Uncheck all options except Build AIR application (Figure 8.9), and click Publish. The publish process creates a folder named AIR in the cabins folder. Inside the AIR folder is the finished AIR application, which is named cabins.air. Figure 8.9 If you wish to export to a stand-alone AIR application, choose the Build AIR Application option. 2. If you have no qualms about installing the cabins.air application, double- click the file to launch the installer. For security reasons, you’re greeted with a warning screen (Figure 8.10) asking if you are sure you want to install the application. Since you created the file, it’s fine to install it if you have permission to do so on your computer. (You may want to uninstall it after testing it, just to keep your hard drive neat and clean.) The installed application is named cabins.app. You can save and close the cabins.fxp project by choosing File > Close Project. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst156 Figure 8.10 Because cabins. air is an application, it must be installed. When you attempt to install it, you’re asked to approve the installation. Planning for Flash Catalyst While Flash Catalyst has some wonderful capabilities, the previous exercise may have also given you some idea of its limitations. Keep in mind that Flash Catalyst isn’t intended to be a full-fledged design program. While you can start from scratch, import images, set type, and add interactivity, you will probably find it saner to cook up your projects in Photoshop or Illustrator (assuming you’re comfortable in one or both of those applications), as they have much richer tools for creating and editing content. Then you can use Flash Catalyst to put the frosting on the cake. You should spend some time brainstorming (even if it’s just with yourself) at the inception of a project you’ll be taking into Flash Catalyst. If you’ll be creating multiple pages or states in Flash Catalyst, organize the content in layers in Illustrator, and name the layers accordingly. In Photoshop, organize the content in layer groups that are named to indicate the pages they’ll become in Flash Catalyst. This extra preliminary work will pay off. It forces you to think through the project in advance, and it paves the way for easier handling in Flash Catalyst. Building on Photoshop Files 157 Building on Photoshop Files As you saw in the first exercise, you can import Photoshop files as image content for an existing project. You have options during import that allow you to control which layers are imported, based on a layer comp of the current saved state of the Photoshop file. Effects such as shadows and glows are separated into layers, rather than being treated as an attribute of a main layer (Figure 8.11). Effects such as bevel and emboss styles are rendered as finished pixels, and are no longer editable. And since they’re “baked in,” those effects can’t be separated from the object or removed. Illustrator has a much closer relationship with Flash Catalyst. Simple effects such as shadows and glows can be controlled in Flash Catalyst even if they were created in Illustrator. More complex effects (such as Illustrator’s Punk- and-Bloat distortions or Scribble effects) will be “baked” during import, and cannot be changed or disabled in Flash Catalyst. You’ll explore the procedures for importing Illustrator files later in this chapter. Please don’t take these cautions as a criticism of Flash Catalyst. It does a wonderful job of bringing static Illustrator and Photoshop files to life. As you discover its limitations and quirks, you’ll find reasonable workarounds and modify your workflow accordingly until you can make it sing. Now you’ll start a new Flash Catalyst project by importing a Photoshop file in which most of the work has already been done. First, you might want to open the image in Photoshop and look at how it’s built. 1. Launch Photoshop CS5 and, inside the Ch_8_Exercises folder, go into the Importing Photoshop folder and open Brand_X.psd (Figure 8.12). When you import this file into Flash Catalyst, you’ll control the visibility of these layers to create five pages—sort of a mini-Web site. Figure 8.11 Photoshop effects such as shadows and glows become separate layers. Effects such as embossing are baked in, and are not editable (or removable) in Flash Catalyst. Effect rendered as separate layer Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst158 Each layer group—About, Charleston, Boston, Monterey, and Vancouver—corresponds to a future Flash Catalyst page. Having the layers organized into layer groups makes it easier to keep straight what should be visible and what should be hidden for each page. The back- ground is common to all pages. 2. Close the image in Photoshop. If you’re asked whether you want to save the file, click Don’t Save (Mac) or No (Windows). Launch Flash Catalyst, and in the welcome screen, under Create New Project from Design File, click From Adobe Photoshop PSD File. Navigate again to the Importing Photoshop folder, and once again choose Brand_X.psd. 3. In the Photoshop Import Options dialog (Figure 8.13), you’ll see that Flash Catalyst automatically recognizes the pixel dimensions of the incoming Photoshop file and adjusts the artboard size accordingly. The default set- tings keep image and text layers editable (rather than flattening them), and crop vector shape layers. Any layers hidden when the document was saved are brought along, unless you uncheck the default Import Non-visible Layers option. To see how you can control the import options for individual layers, click the Advanced button. NOTE: Flash Catalyst assumes that imported images are 72 ppi, so you may be caught off guard by the size of the image when it’s imported. What you thought was a 2-inch-by-2-inch image will become an image about 8.3 inches on a side. So build your images at 72 ppi (or resample them down to 72 ppi before importing). Figure 8.12 In this image, the components for each page were organized in layer groups in Photoshop, to give you a head start when you import the image into Flash Catalyst. The Bevel and Emboss effect that’s now a layer style for the button_2 layer will become part of the button pixels upon import to Flash Catalyst, and will no longer be a separate, editable attribute. Layer group Text layer Button with effects Building on Photoshop Files 159 4. In the Advanced import options screen (Figure 8.14), you can choose to import the image as it appeared in a particular layer comp, or in the last document state (the state it was in when saved). You can also specify whether text is treated as editable text, vector outlines, or flattened bitmap content. For this image, just leave all the settings in both import screens at their defaults and click OK. Save the file as BrandX_Working.fxp in the Importing Photoshop folder, and keep it open. Figure 8.13 In Photoshop Import Options, click the Advanced button to control the import options for each layer. Note the default option to import non-visible layers (usually a good idea!). Figure 8.14 In the Advanced import options, you can control the import options for each layer individually. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst160 Pages and States Notice the Pages/States panel above the artboard area of the Flash Catalyst interface. The terms page and state can usually be used interchangeably to describe what’s seen in a project’s artboard area. As the user clicks on a trigger (such as a button), the current contents of the screen are replaced with alternate contents. If the project is a piece with a specific viewing order (such as a story), it makes sense to refer to the alternate content as pages. If the alternate content consists of only slight changes to the project (such as a new image in one part of the screen), that would be considered a change in state. Both of these results are accomplished by creating a new entity in the Pages/States panel. I hope you’ll accept the use of both of those terms when referring to the contents of the artboard, and not be confused in this chapter. The nuances of page vs. state will start to make sense as you manipulate the contents of projects. (When it comes to buttons, however, the term state is unambiguous; it refers to the four potential appearances of a button: up, down, over, and disabled.) In this project, you’ll create multiple pages/states from the contents of the Photoshop file. Then you’ll convert some components to buttons, assigning actions and multiple appearances to the buttons’ states. Finally, you’ll tweak the transitions between the pages/states. First, you’ll create the opening page, which will greet viewers when they open the finished project. 1. In the Pages/States panel, double-click the name Page1 to highlight it. Rename it Home. 2. In the Layers panel, click the triangle to the left of the About layer group to reveal its contents, and turn off the visibility of the text layer (BrandXCo is the largest…), leaving just the oval buttons across the top and the large BrandX logo visible (Figure 8.15). This establishes the appearance of the Home page. NOTE: If you’d like to take a look at the finished Flash Catalyst file, navigate to the Importing Photoshop > Brand_X_Done folder inside the Ch_8_Exercises folder, and open Brand_X_Final.fxp. Close the file without saving (you can only have one project at a time open in Flash Catalyst). Building on Photoshop Files 161 3. To display some company information, you’ll create an “About” page based on the Home page. In the Pages/States panel, click the Duplicate State button (Figure 8.16). A new page/state is created, named Page1. Double-click the name and change it to About. In the Layers panel, turn the BrandXCo is the largest… text layer (in the About layer group) back on. Figure 8.15 Turn off the visibility of the text layer in the About layer group to create the Home page. Figure 8.16 To create a new state in the project, you can duplicate the current state, then modify it. You can also create a new blank state. 4. Now you’ll create four more pages, which will display information about the far-flung offices of BrandX. For the first location, Charleston, duplicate the About page/state, and name the new state Charleston. 5. Now you’ll change the visibility of several layers to create the Charleston page. If necessary, click on the Charleston page thumbnail in the Pages/ States panel to make it active. In the About layer group, turn off the eye- ball visibility control by the text layer (BrandXCo is the largest…) to hide it, then hide the BrandX Logo layer. Click the triangle to the left of the Charleston layer group to show its contents. Turn on the visibility of the text layer (Soothed by…) and the 1894 bldg layer (Figure 8.17). Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst162 This is the pattern that you’ll follow for the remaining pages. You’ll leave the oval button layers and their related type layers visible for all versions, and you’ll turn on the text and graphic for each location, while hiding the text and graphic for each of the other versions. 6. Duplicate the Charleston page/state, and name the new state Boston. For the Boston state, turn off the Charleston text layer (Soothed by gentle…) and graphic layer, 1894 bldg. In the Boston layer group, turn on the Trinity Church graphic layer and the Our Boston offices… text layer (Figure 8.18). Figure 8.17 Creating the Charleston page/state. Turn off the text and logo layers in the About layer group, and turn on the hidden layers on the Charleston layer group. Figure 8.18 Layer settings for the Boston layer (are you starting to sense a trend?). Building on Photoshop Files 163 7. Following the same pattern, create two more pages, for Monterey and Vancouver. Turn off the layers containing the descriptive text and the graphics for the other locations, and reveal the text and graphics layers appropriate for the Monterey and Vancouver layers. Leave the oval but- tons and their text (About, Charleston, Boston, etc.) visible in all pages/states (Figure 8.19). Save the file and keep it open. Navigation Buttons The viewers of the final project will use the large oval buttons at the top of the artboard to navigate to the information about BrandX locations. 1. Select the text frame containing the text About and Shift-click to select the oval button behind the text. The Heads Up Display (HUD) wakes up, giving you the option to Convert Artwork to Component (Figure 8.20). Figure 8.20 When you select an object in the artboard, the HUD displays available options. Click Choose Component to convert the oval and text into a button. 2. In the HUD, click Choose Component, and select the Button option from the pull-down list that appears. (For all available component types, see the sidebar, “Component Types.”) Figure 8.19 Using the other location pages as a guide, create the Monterey (left) and Vancouver (right) pages. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst164 Immediately, the HUD changes to show you the button appearance options (Figure 8.21). Figure 8.21 The HUD allows you to specify a different appearance for each of the four button states. Component Types 3. In the Interactions panel, click the Add Interaction button (Figure 8.22). Leave the trigger at the default (On Click), and the action at the default (Play Transition to State). Click the Choose State pull-down, choose the About page/state you created earlier, and click OK. Figure 8.22 In the Interactions panel, click Add Interaction to reveal the options. For the About button, choose Play Transition to State. 4. Now you’ll add a glow to the Over state of the About button. In the HUD display, click the Over option. Select the About button (the ellipse, not the text). In the Filters section of the Properties panel, click the plus sign ■ Button ■ Checkbox ■ Radio button ■ Toggle button ■ Text input ■ Horizontal slider ■ Vertical slider ■ Scroll panel ■ Horizontal scroll bar ■ Vertical scroll bar ■ Data list ■ Custom/generic component Building on Photoshop Files 165 to the right of the Add Filter option and choose the Glow option (Figure 8.23). If you don’t see the Filters section of the Properties panel, you may have to click the triangles to the left of the Common, Component, Appearance, and Text sections to collapse their contents in order to make room for the Filters section, which is at the very bottom of the Properties panel. Click the blue block labeled Color, and choose the white swatch (#FFFFFF). Why Does #FFFFFF = White? In the language of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), colors are described using a hexadecimal system (base 16). Don’t worry; you don’t have to think in hex. You can pick colors from several color systems in Flash Catalyst, including the Color Picker (the round “spectrum” source), but they’ll be expressed in the Flash Catalyst file by hexadecimal code. Hex codes for colors consist of a pound sign (#) plus six numbers. The six numbers are actually three pairs of numbers, describing Red, Green, and Blue values. A full explanation of the hex color system is beyond the scope of this chapter, but if you’re curious about hexadecimal num- bers and how they relate to color on the Web, check out this online resource: http://www.w3schools.com/Html/html_colors.asp. 5. Click the blue number by the Strength setting, and change it to 2 to make the white glow more pronounced. (You can also “scrub” the number by holding down the mouse button and moving left and right. While this is an easy way to quickly decrease or increase the value, it’s hard to enter an exact value with the scrubbing method.) Figure 8.23 Choose the Glow filter, and then click the color block (initially blue) to choose a color for the glow. For the About button, add a white (#FFFFFF) glow. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst166 6. Working on the About button attributes has taken you into component editing mode. To return to the main work area, click the project name in the Breadcrumbs bar (Figure 8.24). Save the file and keep it open. Figure 8.24 Click the project name in the Breadcrumbs bar to return to the main artboard window. 7. Test the About button to see if its appearance and behavior are correct. Choose File > Run Project, and Flash Catalyst generates temporary files to display in your default Web browser. In the browser, roll your mouse over the About button. Does it glow? Click the About button to jump to the About page/state. Close the browser window. If you want to test your project frequently as you work (which is a good idea), leave the browser running in the background. 8. Return to Flash Catalyst so you can set up the remaining buttons. The steps for the other buttons follow the same pattern as those you followed when creating the About button: a. Select the location text (the city name) and the oval button behind it. b. In the HUD, choose Convert Artwork to Component and select Button for the component type. c. In the Interactions panel, click Add Interaction and choose the Play Transition to State option, choosing the appropriate target state (e.g., choose the Charleston state as the target for the Charleston button). d. In the HUD, select the Over option, select the button, and use the settings in the Filter panel to apply a Glow filter. As with the About button, select white (#FFFFFF) for the color, and set the Strength to 2. e. Use the Breadcrumbs bar to return to the main project window and start on the next button. f. Return to the main project window after you’ve finished the last button, and test the project. Use the shortcut for Run Project: Press Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows). Return to Flash Catalyst, save the project, and keep it open. Building on Photoshop Files 167 You’ll soon find yourself falling into a rhythm. While the button-making procedure is a bit tedious, it’s not truly complicated. Once you’ve created the second button, you’ll find that it’s faster to create each successive button. And the repetition is a great way to remember the steps. Flash Catalyst Drawing Tools You’re missing one navigational aid. There’s no way for the viewer to get back to the Home screen unless they refresh the browser. You’ll use Flash Catalyst drawing and text tools to create a button that takes the viewer back to the Home screen. 1. In the Layers panel, click the Create New Layer icon at the lower left of the panel and create a new layer. The new layer, named Layer 1, should appear at the top of the list in the Layers panel. If not, you can select the layer and move it to the correct position by dragging in the Layers panel, just as you would in Photoshop, Illustrator, or InDesign. Double-click the name of the new layer to name it Home Button (Figure 8.25). Figure 8.25 Click the Create New Layer icon to create a new layer. Name it Home Button. This is where you’ll create a common button that will appear in all pages/states. 2. In the Pages/States panel, click the About page/state. (It actually doesn’t matter which state you choose, but this will let you work methodically from left to right as you add the new button to every page/state. It also ensures that the button won’t cover up any of the text on the About page.) You’ll draw an ellipse in the lower-right area of the artboard that will be the basis of a button that appears in all pages/states to lead the viewer back to the initial Home page. In the Tools panel (above the Layers panel), click the Rectangle/Ellipse icon to reveal the Rectangle, Rounded Rectangle, and Ellipse drawing tools (Figure 8.26). Choose the Ellipse Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst168 tool and draw an ellipse in the lower-right corner of the artboard. Make it about 75% of the width of the large oval (aka elliptical) buttons at the top of the project. Figure 8.26 To draw a circle or ellipse, choose from the Rectangle/Ellipse pull-down in the Tools panel. 3. The Properties panel contains three sections: Common, Appearance, and Filters. In the Common section (Figure 8.27), set the Stroke attribute of the new ellipse to None ( ), and the Fill attribute to a light gray (we used #999999 just because it’s such a cool hex number). Keep the ellipse selected. Figure 8.27 Choose the Stroke and Fill attributes in the Common Properties panel. 4. In the Filters section, choose Bevel from the Add Filter pull-down and set the Distance value to 2. Building on Photoshop Files 169 5. Choose the Text tool, and click and drag to create a text frame on the ellipse. This will hold the button label. Click inside the text frame and type Home, and then select the text to change its formatting. In the Common subpanel, choose the following settings: ■ Font: Arial Bold ■ Size: 16 (adjust as necessary to fit inside your ellipse) ■ Color: Light Gray (#CCCCCC, another amusing hex value) ■ Alignment: Center 6. Using the Select tool ( ), pull on the corners of the text frame so it’s close to the type (without causing overset text). Then, Shift-click to select the ellipse, and choose Modify > Align > Horizontal Center. Since there’s no way to vertically center text in a frame (as you can in InDesign), you’ll have to—gasp!—eyeball it (Figure 8.28). Deselect the ellipse by Shift- clicking in it again, leaving just the text frame selected. Using the arrow keys on your keyboard, nudge the Home text frame into position. Save the project and keep it open. 7. Select both the ellipse and the Home text and, in the HUD, convert the artwork to a button. Using the Interactions panel, add an interaction that sends viewers back to the Home page/state: Click Add Interaction and choose the Play Transition to State option. Choose the Home page/state as the target and click OK. 8. Rather than adding a Glow effect to the entire button for the Over state, you’ll just have the text glow. It’s a subtle effect, but it still provides visual feedback to the viewer that something is happening. Visual feedback keeps the viewer engaged and lets them know they’re on the right track. It’s a little extra work, but it does add to the viewing experience. In the HUD, select the Over state, which puts you in component editing mode. Select just the text frame (not the ellipse) and, in the Filters panel, choose the Glow option and use the following settings: ■ Color: Black (#000000) ■ Blur: 20 ■ Opacity: 100 ■ Strength: 1 Figure 8.28 Center the Home text vertically and horizontally in the ellipse. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst170 9. Return to the main project window by using the Breadcrumbs bar. Now you’ll make the Home button visible on the location pages, starting with the Charleston location. Select the Charleston page/state in the Pages/ States panel, and turn on the visibility of the Home button (Figure 8.29). You’ll have to click the triangle next to the Home Button layer to display and select the button object; just setting the layer visibility isn’t sufficient. Figure 8.29 Make the Home button visible in all location states. The Home button also needs to appear on the Boston, Monterey, and Vancouver pages/states. Select the button on the Charleston page/state, right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Share To State > All States. Since you don’t need the Home button on the Home page/state, select the Home page/state and turn off the visibility of the Home button in the Layers panel (or just delete the button from the Home page/state; it accomplishes the same thing). When you’re finished, test the project by pressing Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows) so you can preview the project. Make sure the Home button appears on the correct pages/states and takes you back to the Home page/state. Test the glow effect when you roll over the button. Save the project and keep it open. Transitions By default, changing pages/states just replaces the current contents of the screen with the alternate contents. If you’d like a more graceful transition (or even a fancy 3D rotation), use the controls in the Timelines panel (Figure 8.30). TIP: A faster way to add an object to all states is by right- clicking in the object and selecting Share To State > All States. You can also target individual pages/states with this method. Building on Photoshop Files 171 1. First, you’ll create a smooth fading transition between the initial Home state and the About state. In the Pages/States panel, select Home Home page/state. In the State Transitions area of the Timelines panel, select the first transition, Home > About. Click the Smooth Transition bar at the bottom of the timeline (“G” in Figure 8.30) to apply the default 0.5-second transition. Click the Play button ( ) at the top of the Timelines panel to view the results. 2. Now you’ll modify the fade-in of the About state so the button appears first, and the text fades in more slowly. The bars representing the length of transitions can be modified by dragging the small handle on the right end of the bar; you can also reposition the bars by dragging them in the timeline. Repositioning a transition bar changes the time at which a tran- sition begins, not its duration. Select the transition bar for the About text (BrandX is the largest…), and then drag the small handle to the right until it reaches the 1 second mark, represented on the time ruler as 1s Play the transition to view the results. If you’re satisfied with the results, save the file. Feel free to experiment with the transition sliders. 3. To set the transition between the Home state and the Charleston state, select the Home > Charleston transition in the list of transitions. Click the Smooth Transition bar at the bottom of the timeline to add the default half-second transition. Drag the handle on the right end of the slider for the graphic (1894 bldg) to extend the time to the 1 second mark, and pre- view the results. Save the file and keep it open. Figure 8.30 Controlling transitions in the Timelines panel. A. State Transitions list B. Play transition C. Effects bar D. Resize handle to change duration E. Add action F. Delete transition G. Add smooth transition (default) H. Change scale of timeline increments (for fine tuning) A B C D E F G H Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst172 4. You can modify the default settings for smooth transitions and speed up your work. Click the small downward-pointing triangle to the right of the Smooth Transition bar to display the Smooth Transition Options panel (Figure 8.31). For example, if you’d like all transitions to be 1.5 seconds long, change the Duration setting to 1.5. Then you can quickly add a 1.5-second transition by simply clicking the Smooth Transition bar, with- out having to drag any slider controls. 5. For this project, change the Duration in the Smooth Transition Options panel to 1.5 seconds, choose the Smart Smoothing option, and check the Overwrite Existing Effects option. Click OK, and then observe how the transition sliders have changed (Figure 8.32). The options in the Smooth Transition Options panel are as follows: ■ Duration: The total time of the transition from start to end. ■ Timing—Simultaneous: Each transition effect starts and stops simultaneously. ■ Timing—Smart Smoothing: Creates a staggered set of transitions. After objects fade out, all resize and move effects play, followed by objects fading in. ■ Overwrite Existing Effects: Changing values in this dialog will affect previous transitions that use the default transition. Leave this unchecked to affect only future transitions. 6. This project has 30 transitions. The project consists of six pages/states, and each page/state could potentially transition to five other states. If you had to modify each transition individually, the fun would soon wear off. This is why changing the Smooth Transition settings is beneficial. In the State Transitions list, select the Home > Charleston transition, then scroll down and Shift-click the last transition, Vancouver > Monterey. Click the Smooth Transition bar, and all of the selected transitions take on the Figure 8.32 Changing the Smooth Transition settings affects all transitions that use the default Smooth Transition. TIP: Notice that small thumbnails above the timeline show the starting and ending state. They can help keep you oriented as you wade through multiple transitions. You’re also probably starting to see the wisdom of naming your pages/ states sensibly, to make it easier to keep track of what you’re doing. Trying to remember what “Page1,” “Page2,” or “Page3” represents can make your work harder. Figure 8.31 You can alter the default Smooth Transition Options to affect future (and existing) transitions. Building on Photoshop Files 173 new settings. Very easy! Test the project transitions by choosing File > Run Project or by using the keyboard shortcuts, Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows). 7. If you decide that the 1.5-second transition is too slow for your tastes, change the Smooth Transition settings, checking the Overwrite Existing Effects option, and test the project again. 8. If you’d like to export the project to run locally, or want to upload the final exported files to a Web server for testing, choose File > Publish to SWF/AIR. In the export dialog, browse to the Importing Photoshop folder (or another location of your choice), accept the default settings, and click OK. Flash Catalyst will export two versions: one for local viewing, and one for posting on a remote server. When you publish to SWF with the default settings, Flash Catalyst creates a folder named after the project, and generates a “host” HTML file inside that folder named Main.html. Some Web servers don’t automatically launch a file with that name, so the user must type it. If you rename that HTML file either index.html or default.html, the user can just navigate to the parent directory of the file, rather than having to type the complete directory path, and the server will automatically launch the appropriately named file. You may want to simplify the name of the containing folder, too. You can see which URL would be easier for your audience to type: ■ www.mybrandxsite.com/deploy-to-web/Main.html ■ www.mybrandxsite.com/info 9. Change the name of the deploy-to-web folder to info. Then change the name of Main.html to index.html. If you upload the info folder to your Web server, the viewer will only have to type the URL for your Web site, followed by /info. Less typing, more enjoyable viewing. Save the project and close the file. Now that you’ve completed the project, consider how the layer organization in Photoshop gave you a head start for the Flash Catalyst project. Sensible layer group naming and consistent arrangement of layers within the layer groups made the project much easier to handle in Flash Catalyst. And working methodically in Flash Catalyst should have made it easier for you to see patterns in the procedures you had to perform, such as creating pages/ states and setting up buttons for navigation. Remember this when you start creating your own projects from scratch. Make it easy on yourself. TIP: Did you notice that the Home button doesn’t seem to fade in or out? That’s because it appears on five of the six pages/states. Since its situation doesn’t change from page to page, there’s no need for a transition. If you click the Home button while you’re previewing the project in a browser, you’ll see that it fades out during the transition to the Home page because it doesn’t exist on that page/state. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst174 Building on Illustrator Files You’ll find that starting a Flash Catalyst project based on an Illustrator file is a bit easier than working with Photoshop files. As mentioned earlier, Illustrator content is more faithfully translated when imported into Flash Catalyst, giving you a bit more flexibility. You can pave the way from Illustrator into Flash Catalyst, making the transition even smoother. A few tips: ■ Choose the Flash Catalyst document profile in Illustrator when you start building the document, and the correct settings are automatically chosen for color mode, ppi, document dimensions, and pixel grid. ■ Ensure that images are 72 ppi. ■ Images should be in RGB color mode. ■ Embed images or ensure that they are correctly linked (image content becomes embedded in the Flash Catalyst document anyway). ■ Any symbols in imported Illustrator files become optimized graphics in Flash Catalyst, and appear in the Library panel. If a symbol is used several times in an Illustrator file, you can reduce the size of the Flash Catalyst file by having just one copy of the optimized graphic and sharing that object among multiple pages/states. You can edit a single instance in Flash Catalyst by selecting it and choosing Modify > Break Apart Graphic. ■ Use Align to Pixel Grid when creating vector components in Illustrator (Figure 8.33). This is especially beneficial for vertical and horizontal objects, keeping them crisp, with no anti-aliasing to soften edges. (The setting has no effect on text.) Figure 8.33 Select objects in Illustrator and choose the Align to Pixel Grid option in the Transform panel. If you build the file on the Flash Catalyst document profile, this is checked automatically. Building on Illustrator Files 175 Building the Project In this exercise, you’ll create a tourism promotional piece for the state of Vermont, using an Illustrator file as the starting point. 1. First you’ll examine an Illustrator file to see how it’s built. Launch Illustrator, navigate to the Importing Illustrator folder inside the Ch_8_Exercises folder, and open VermontStart.ai. If you don’t have Illustrator, you can get an idea how the file is set up in Figure 8.34. Several layers are currently locked to protect their content until you begin to modify components in Flash Catalyst. After you’ve poked around a little bit, close the file with- out saving. Figure 8.34 The Vermont project organized in Illustrator. 2. Launch Flash Catalyst and, in the welcome screen, under Create New Project from Design File, choose From Adobe Illustrator File. Navigate to the Importing Illustrator folder and select VermontStart.ai. If you receive an alert about hyphenation settings, ignore it and click OK to dismiss the alert. Save the project as VermontWorking.fxp in the Importing Illustrator folder. Creating a Scroll Panel You’ll create a panel containing scrolling text and a vertical scroll bar to control the text. 1. In the Layers panel, unlock the Text field and controls layer by clicking on the padlock next to the layer name. Select the Zoom tool ( ), and zoom in on the text at the bottom of the artboard (Vermont’s beautiful landscapes…). You can also use the keyboard shortcuts you know so Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst176 well from other Adobe applications: Command-spacebar-click (Mac) or Control-spacebar-click (Windows). 2. Choose the Text tool and click in the text frame containing the white text. Still using the Text tool, click the small square containing a blue triangle on the bottom edge of the text frame (Figure 8.35). The frame will expand, revealing all the overset text. This just makes the overset text available in Flash Catalyst; the original dimensions of the frame will be used as the basic scroll panel, and the text will scroll within the area. Figure 8.35 Click the overset indicator (circled) to expand the text frame. 3. Now you’ll create the vertical scroll bar that will control the text, and establish a relationship between the scroll bar and the text so it can make the text scroll up and down. Choose the Select tool and click on the tall, narrow black rectangle to the right of the text. Hold down the Shift key and click the small green rectangle so both objects are selected. The HUD wakes up and offers to help. Choose Vertical Scrollbar from the list of op- tions (Figure 8.36). Figure 8.36 Under Choose Component, select Vertical Scrollbar to designate the two rectangles as a scrolling control for the text. Building on Illustrator Files 177 4. The HUD prompts you to designate the individual parts of the scroll bar by displaying a hint, telling you to select and assign the parts of the scroll bar so it will work (Figure 8.37). The green rectangle will be the Thumb (the part that moves up and down), and the black rectangle will be the Track. Figure 8.37 The HUD tells you to select the parts of the vertical scroll bar and assign their function. 5. Select the black rectangle, click Choose Part in the HUD, and select Track (Required) from the list of parts. Then, select the green rectangle and designate it as Thumb (Required). As you can see, the HUD guides you through every step (Figure 8.38). Notice, too, that once you’ve assigned a job to each part of the vertical scroll bar, the green rectangle has moved up to the top of the black track, so it can be ready to scroll whatever you tell it to scroll. Save the file and keep it open. 6. Now you’ll introduce the scroll bar to the text frame. Using the Breadcrumbs bar, return to the main project window. Select the scroll bar, and Shift-click to select the text frame next to it. The HUD perks up yet again. Click Choose Component, and select Scroll Panel from the list of options. The HUD prompts you to indicate which object contains the con- tent to be scrolled. Click Edit Parts to enter the component editing mode. Once there, select the text frame and, under Convert Scroll Panel Part, click Choose Part. From the options, choose Scrolling Content (Required). Figure 8.38 The HUD guides you through assigning the functions of Track and Thumb to the two small rectangles that constitute the vertical scroll bar. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst178 7. Using the Breadcrumbs bar, return to the main project window and test your project. Does the scroll bar cause the text to scroll up and down in the Web browser? Isn’t this easy? Creating the Pages/States This project will have four pages/states (Figure 8.39): ■ The welcome screen ■ Mad River Valley ■ Green Mountains ■ Llama Farm You’ll modify the current state of the project for the welcome screen, create three new pages/states for the other three topics, and set up navigation buttons. 1. In the Pages/States panel, rename Page1 Home. Click the Duplicate State button to duplicate the page, and name the new page MadRiver. Create another duplicate and name it GreenMtns, and one more duplicate, named Llama. Return to the Home page/state. 2. You’ll create the Mad River button first. Unlock the Buttons layer, click the triangle to the left of the Mad River layer, and unlock all the objects in the Mad River layer, if necessary, by clicking the padlock icon for each sublayer. Rather than Shift-clicking the button components, you’ll use an easier method: Just click the Mad River layer name, and all the objects on that layer are selected. Make sure that both the rounded rectangle and the text label are selected; otherwise, the area of the label becomes a “dead spot” in the middle of the button, which won’t respond to clicking. In the HUD, click Choose Component and select Button from the list of options. 3. In the Interactions panel, choose Play Transition to State, and choose the MadRiver page/state. The button artwork already has a glow that was applied in Illustrator; you’ll turn it off for the Up state of the button. Select the Up option in the HUD, then reselect the Mad River button when you enter component editing mode (you can tell you’re in component editing mode when all other elements are grayed out, allowing you to work only on the current object). Scroll to the bottom of the Properties panel until you can see the Filters section. Click the Disable icon ( ) to the right Figure 8.39 The four Vermont pages/states. Building on Illustrator Files 179 of the word “Glow” (it’s some distance away, and easy to overlook). This turns off the glow when the button is in the Up (default) state, but leaves the glow on in other states. Notice that Flash Catalyst recognizes the glow created in Illustrator, so you don’t have to recreate the glow in Flash Catalyst. However, you might also notice that the glow is much more sub- dued as it’s rendered in Flash Catalyst. You may decide that you have more control over such effects if you create them in Flash Catalyst. 4. Use the Breadcrumbs bar to return to the main project window, and save the file. Using the same techniques that you used for the Mad River but- ton, set up the buttons for the GreenMtns and Llama pages/states. Save the file and keep it open. 5. Now you’ll work on the three location pages/states. Select the MadRiver page/state. Turn on the visibility of the photos layer and unlock the layer. The layer contains a single image with three photos side by side in a hori- zontal strip. You’ll move the strip to position each photo in the window now occupied by the pastel leaf art. Select the photo strip in the artboard, hold down Shift (to constrain the vertical movement of the image), and move the photo strip to the left until the river photograph is centered in the opening in the gray rectangle. Zoom in so you can check the position of the photo. Don’t worry about the rest of the photo strip hanging awk- wardly outside the main artboard. Because it’s not within the confines of the artboard dimensions, the extra image content won’t appear in the exported project. 6. Now you’ll display text that provides information about the Mad River Valley. In the Layers panel, turn on the visibility of the ghost block layer (this provides a backdrop for the text), and the Mad River Valley text layer. If necessary, turn off the visibility of the Grn Mtn Text and Llama farm text layers. 7. Select the GreenMtns page/state. Turn on the ghost block layer. Turn off the Mad River Valley text and Llama farm text layers, and turn on the Grn Mtn Text layer. Slide the photo to the left to reveal the valley photo in the center window. 8. Select the Llama page/state. Turn on the ghost block layer. Turn off the Mad River Valley and Grn Mtn Text layers, and turn on the Llama farm text layer. Slide the photo to the left to reveal the llama photo in the center window. See? You start to develop a rhythm as you create the pages/states. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst180 9. The llama text contains a hyperlink. Well, it isn’t a hyperlink yet, but you’ll fix that. Zoom in on the text in the ghost box area, switch to the Text tool, and select the blue text www.vtllamas.com. Copy the text to the Clipboard so you can use the URL in the next step. 10. You can’t apply a Go To URL interaction directly to text, so you’ll cheat. Select the llama text frame with the Select tool, and convert it to a button. In the Interactions panel, choose Go To URL (hidden under the default Play Transition to State entry). In the empty field below the Go To URL option, paste the text from the Clipboard. The field should now read www.vtllamas.com. In the pull-down below the URL field, choose Open in New Window (this opens a fresh browser window rather than replacing the current contents of the viewer’s browser). Click OK and save the file. Test the project in the browser. Adding Transitions and Sounds As a final touch, you’ll add smooth transi- tions to the sliding strip of photos, and import a short MP3 recording of rushing water to accompany any transitions to the Mad River page/state. 1. Select all the transitions in the transitions list at the left end of the Timelines panel. Click the triangle to the right of the Smooth Transition bar at the bottom of the Timelines panel to display the transition options. Use the following settings and click OK. ■ Duration: 1.5 seconds (so the images slide sedately into position) ■ Timing: Simultaneous ■ Overwrite existing effects: yes 2. To import a sound into the project, choose File > Import > Video/Sound File. Navigate to the Importing Illustrator folder and select riversound.mp3. This is a 4-second snippet of water sounds. The sound is not placed any- where in the artboard of the project; it’s added to the Library so you can invoke it when you need it (Figure 8.40). The Library panel is tucked in behind the Layers panel. Just click the Library tab to bring it to the front so you can view its contents. A small bar at the bottom of the Timelines panel provides controls for adding an action, removing or modifying transitions, and scaling the timeline’s time ruler (Figure 8.41). It’s easy to overlook these controls; they’re sort of hiding in plain sight. Building on Illustrator Files 181 Figure 8.40 All assets are stored in the Library. 3. To trigger the river sound, you’ll modify all transitions that take the viewer to the MadRiver page/state (don’t panic; there are only three transitions to work on). Select the Home > MadRiver transition in the list of transi- tions to display its settings. In the Timelines window, select the entry for the ThreeScenesAcross.psd file (click the name rather than the duration slider). At the bottom of the Timelines panel, click the Add Action button and choose the Sound Effect option. The Select Asset dialog appears (Figure 8.42), displaying only the sound assets (you only have one, so you can’t miss). The riversound.mp3 asset is highlighted; all you have to do is click OK. Figure 8.42 The Select Asset dialog allows you to select any asset that’s already in the project Library. Since you’ve requested a sound effect, it’s polite enough to highlight the Media assets to make it easy for you. Figure 8.41 The timeline controls let you add actions to transitions (such as sounds), remove transitions, change transition defaults, and scale the timeline display. Change settings for default Smooth Transition Set transition to zero seconds Set up action Scale timeline Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst182 4. All the transitions are set to a duration of 1.5 seconds, but the river sound is 4 seconds long. You’ll extend the duration of the sound’s allotted time so it can play in its entirety, without getting stopped abruptly. In the time- line, select the duration bar for the sound, and either drag its pull handle to the right until you snap to the 4 second mark or see “Duration: 4s” in the tool tip that follows you as you pull. Alternatively, you can just type the value in the Properties panel (Figure 8.43). Although the sound lasts longer than the transition of the photograph, it will fade out as the viewer is reading the text describing the Mad River area of Vermont. Test the project. You should be accustomed to using Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows) by now. Figure 8.43 You can adjust the duration of the sound (or any transition) by dragging the pull handle of the duration slider in the timeline, or by typing a value in the Properties panel. 5. Now, fix the other two transitions to the MadRiver page/state: ■ GreenMtns > MadRiver ■ Llama > MadRiver Remember that you can preview any transition without having to test the project in a browser; just click the Play button at the top left of the time- line. Save the file and keep it open. Round-Tripping to Illustrator Since the drawing and editing tools are some- what limited in Flash Catalyst, you’ll be glad to know that you can round-trip most content. If you’ve imported Photoshop content, that content can be 183Building on Illustrator Files round-tripped to Photoshop. Illustrator content is, of course, round-tripped to Illustrator. You’ll have more flexibility with Illustrator content, but there are still some slight limitations to what you can get away with: ■ You can round-trip buttons, check boxes, and other named components, but you cannot round-trip objects that have been designated as custom/ generic components (used when you want an object within the artboard to have multiple states of its own) unless you right-click (Mac: Control-click) and then choose Edit Component to take the object into Isolation Mode. In Isolation Mode, you can then select the object, right-click, and choose Edit in Adobe Photoshop CS5 or Edit in Adobe Illustrator CS5, whichever is appropriate. ■ You can edit only one component at a time (but that component can be a group with multiple objects inside it). ■ If the object is shared to multiple states, editing applies to all states. ■ If an object appears in multiple pages/states (but does not itself have multiple states), you’ll have to set it to be the same in all states after you return the edited content to Flash Catalyst (more about that below). ■ While you’re editing in Illustrator or Photoshop, you can see surrounding objects, which are grayed out for reference. But you cannot select or edit them. 1. In the Layers panel, unlock the Title layer and select the name of the layer to target all the objects in the layer (this is often much easier than Shift-clicking individual shapes). The title, Scenic Vermont, is selected in the artboard. Choose Modify > Edit in Adobe Illustrator CS5, or just right-click (Mac: Control-click) to choose that option from the contextual menu. An information alert is displayed (Figure 8.44), but if Illustrator is already running, the switch to Illustrator is so fast you may not see the alert. That’s unfortunate, because it’s giving you some good advice. You’d be tempted to choose File > Save in Illustrator when you’re through fixing the content, but you need to click a subtle “Done” control instead. So take a good look at it here, preserved for your viewing pleasure. Figure 8.44 In a fleeting alert, Flash Catalyst advises you how to finish your editing session in Illustrator and return the edited content to Flash Catalyst. Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst184 2. In Illustrator, click one of the letters in the title text (it’s no longer text; it was converted to outlines when the original Illustrator file was created). Open the Color panel (Window > Color), and choose RGB from the panel menu for the color mode. Adjust the sliders or type in these values: R140-G200-B100, a nice mossy green. If you’re using the default Essentials workspace in Illustrator, the Color panel may be covering up the one con- trol you need next. Close the Color panel, if necessary, so you can see the subtle options at the upper right of the document window (Figure 8.45). Click the word “Done” to save the edits. In the dialog that appears after you click Done, just click OK to accept the default settings (who are we to question?) and return the edited content to Flash Catalyst, updating your project. Figure 8.45 Could it be more subtle? Click Done to save your edits in Illustrator and return to the Flash Catalyst project. 3. Ah, but take a quick look at the other pages/states. The title is still white! Don’t worry—you don’t have to edit the title for each page/state. Just select States > Make Same in All Other States, or right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose that option from the contextual menu. Now the title is green in all the pages/states, much like Vermont itself. Take a look at the finished project (Figure 8.46). Even though this is probably new territory for you, think about what you’ve accomplished. You’ve started with an Illustrator file that wasn’t overly complex (just well organized, if I do say so myself), and you’ve created a presentation with sliding transitions and a babbling brook—all without writing a single line of code. You should be proud. More than that, you should be inspired to dig deeper into the fun you can have in Flash Catalyst. NOTE: In order to round-trip image content between Flash Catalyst and Photoshop or Photoshop Extended, you’ll need to install the Flash Catalyst CS5 FXG Roundtrip Extension for Photoshop CS5. You can download the extension from the Adobe website here: http:// labs.adobe.com/technologies/ photoshopcs5_fxg. 185Building on Illustrator Files Figure 8.46 The four pages of the Vermont project. This page intentionally left blank Chapter 9 Now that you’ve been exposed to the tools and functions in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign, and Adobe Flash Professional, it’s time to put it all together. In this chapter you’ll explore concepts more deeply as you revisit topics that were introduced in previous chapters. In this chapter’s exercises, you’ll be presented with an InDesign document that was originally intended for print. You’ll modify its dimensions and massage its content into an appropriate format for onscreen viewing. You’ll create buttons in Photoshop, and you’ll import Illustrator artwork into Flash Professional to create a simple animation and export it as a SWF. You’ll combine all the pieces in InDesign and export the whole shebang to SWF, sit back and admire it, and pat yourself on the back. Putting It All Together Chapter 9 Putting It All Together188 Analyzing the InDesign Print Document If you’re creating an ad campaign for a client, and you know that you will need to create both print and Web versions, you may have an advantage. If you can persuade your client that a landscape format is way cooler than the stodgy old portrait format, you’re ahead of the game. Start with a horizontal format, and it’s much easier for you to repurpose your print content for Web use. If you’re unable to convince your client of the wisdom and appeal of a chic horizontal format, you’ll have considerably more work massaging your text and graphics into the new dimensions. Let’s take a look at just how challeng- ing that might be. You’ll open a magazine article for a fictional resort and rework it for onscreen viewing. 1. Launch InDesign CS5. Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Rework folder, and open OutdoorMagForPrint.indd. This document is set up for traditional print. It’s 8.5 by 11 inches, vertical format (Figure 9.1). In order to prepare it for onscreen viewing, you could take screen shots, distort them in Photoshop, and… nah, that would be cheating (and ugly). You should do it the Right Way. 2. The Right Way involves InDesign’s great Layout Adjustment feature, which gives you some help during the process of changing your document’s dimensions. In essence, you give InDesign permission to massage your content according to the rules you specify. To use this feature while you NOTE: If you’re using InDesign’s Live Preflight feature with set- tings appropriate for print, you may notice the red light in the lower-left corner of the document window, indicating preflight errors (mainly RGB images). The print document in the exercises is not fully print- compliant. Please ignore the errors; they’ll be irrelevant when the file is exported to SWF. Figure 9.1 The vertical format of a traditional print piece isn’t appropriate for onscreen viewing. But you can use a print document as a starting point for a Web document—with a little help from InDesign. Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 189 change the print version of the magazine document to Web-appropriate dimensions, choose Layout > Layout Adjustment (Figure 9.2). Usually the default options will give you reasonable results; all you have to do is check the option to Enable Layout Adjustment. Examine the options that the Layout Adjustment dialog offers for allowing graphics and groups to resize. The option to allow ruler guides to move means that objects that are snapped to those guides will move along with the guides (including margin guides, if you change the margin settings), which helps preserve as much of your document’s layout as possible. Ignoring object and layer locks means that nothing gets left behind while other objects are being repositioned. Understandably, the less drastically the document’s dimen- sions are changed, the less cleanup work you have to do. Click OK. Nothing changes in your document yet. Figure 9.2 The Layout Adjustment dialog lets you solicit InDesign’s help in changing the dimensions of a document. 3. You’ve given InDesign permission to massage your document layout. Now you have to change the document dimensions. Before you do, choose File > Save As, and save the document as OutdoorMagWebNew.indd in the InDesign Rework folder. Choose File > Document Setup (Figure 9.3). Because the document began life as a print document, InDesign doesn’t allow you to just change the document intent to Web, but there are work- arounds. In the Width field, type 800 px, and change the Height value to 600 px. InDesign immediately converts the measurements to inches, but that doesn’t matter. Set the bleed value to 0, and click OK. Figure 9.3 Even though the document is not currently using the pixel measurement system, you can still type values in pixels in the Document Setup dialog. NOTE: If you’d like a peek into the future, the finished InDesign file is in Ch_9_Exercises > Finished Files > InDesign File. The final SWF and HTML files are in Ch_9_Exercises > Finished Files > Web Files. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together190 4. Yikes! What a mess (Figure 9.4). But it’s still (usually) better than starting over. At least all the text and graphics are in the layout. They just need to be moved around and modified to work in the new page orientation. 5. Experiment with the resized file’s contents. The images weren’t high-res to begin with; if they were all 300 ppi for best results in printing, the exercise files would be pretty hefty. They were downsampled to save space on the exercise disc (and your hard drive). But now that the project is going to be used for onscreen viewing, that’s no longer an issue. You don’t have to completely redo the file; you’ll just modify it until you get a sense of what would be involved if this were a live project for which you were billing a client. In actual production, you’ll have to remember to factor in the time you’ll need to spend repurposing print content for Web deployment. Once you’ve poked around in the file, save and close it. There’s already a modi- fied file for you to use as you continue in this chapter. In the InDesign Rework folder, open OutdoorMagForWeb.indd (Figure 9.5). Before you start working on the file, save it as MagForWebNew.indd in the InDesign Rework folder. Keep the file open. Figure 9.4 A drastic change in dimensions can result in a real mess, even with the assistance of Layout Adjustment features. But it often beats starting from scratch. Figure 9.5 The provided OutdoorMagForWeb.indd file shows you how print content was modified to fit the horizontal page and new dimensions. Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 191 6. To ensure that any transparent effects (such as soft edges or drop shadows) render correctly in the RGB color space that will be used during export to SWF, choose Edit > Transparency Blend Space > Document RGB. For con- sistent color conversion during export to SWF, you’ll need to change your Color Settings. Choose Edit > Color Settings, and switch to North America Web/Internet (Figure 9.6)—but don’t forget to change back to your nor- mal color management settings when you finish the Web project. Figure 9.6 Since InDesign will convert all content to sRGB, consider changing your Color Settings to North America Web/Internet for more reliable conversion and onscreen viewing. 7. Examine the Swatches panel (Window > Swatches). If this project were destined for print, the multiple spot colors, as well as any non-CMYK colors, would have to be resolved. Good news: All swatches, regardless of species, will be rendered to sRGB during export to SWF, so you don’t need to worry about their current flavor. However (and this is even more good news), since swatches will be rendered as sRGB during export to SWF, you might want to change their recipes to RGB and brighten them up, since you’re no longer limited by the smaller CMYK gamut. 8. Before you do any more work on the magazine document, take a quick look at the SWF export dialog. Choose File > Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format. Navigate to the InDesign Rework folder, and name the export MagPageTest.swf. Examine the settings in the export dialog. There are no options for “spread” or “single pages.” Make sure Paper Color and Interactive Page Curl are checked. Click OK to complete the export, and view the exported SWF in a browser (or Flash Player). The two-page spreads are intact, and now that the document is in a horizontal format, you have to scroll a bit to find the edge of the page. Now you know: InDesign’s export to SWF keeps spreads intact. TIP: When you repurpose a print document for onscreen viewing, consider increasing text size to enhance readability. And keep in mind that sans- serif fonts are often more leg- ible than serif fonts, especially at smaller sizes. Since changing font style and size can pro- foundly alter your layout, antici- pate this when you’re designing a piece that will be used for both print and Web. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together192 9. The pages of the magazine are formatted to fit on the screen, but only one at a time. You’ll have to separate the two-page spreads into single pages, but it’s not obvious how you can convince InDesign to let you do that. Go ahead, try it. By default, if you delete a page from a spread, the next page in the document shuffles up to take its place. InDesign doesn’t allow an empty spot. Open the Pages panel (Window > Pages), and notice that Allow Document Pages to Shuffle is on by default (Figure 9.7). Turn off that option so you can separate the pages. Figure 9.7 Disabling the Allow Document Pages to Shuffle option allows you to pull spreads apart into separate pages. It also allows you to glue pages together however you’d like. 10. Click and drag page 3 to the right far enough that you see a black vertical bar (Figure 9.8). If you don’t drag far enough, the page won’t be dislodged. Pull pages 5 and 7 loose using the same method, and then save the file. Figure 9.8 Once you’ve disabled the Shuffle option, you can pull the spreads apart into individual pages. Just pull far enough away from the spread that you see a black vertical bar. Adding Hyperlinks 193 11. Rather than export to SWF to check your work, test your file in the Preview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview). Choose Edit Preview Settings from the Preview panel menu, and turn off the option to Include Interactive Page Curl (it will get in the way of testing in later steps). Drag the corner of the Preview panel to make it big enough so you can see content at a reasonable size. Set the mode to Preview Document ( ). Refresh the preview by clicking the Play button ( ), then page through the magazine using the navigation controls in the Preview panel. Save the file and keep it open so you can start bringing it to life. Adding Hyperlinks Since this document is just an excerpt from a magazine, you’ll have to create only a few hyperlinks to help out the viewer. If you had to manually create hyperlinks for the entire 64-page magazine, that would be painful and time consuming. Keep that in mind when you’re planning a project that will be used for print and Web. Get in the habit of building hyperlinks and cross- references as you go. It’s easier when you do that task during the flow of production, and it’s likely to be less error prone. Hyperlinks intended to lead a viewer from one page to another within a document can be created with one of four methods: ■ You can designate selected text (or an object) as a hyperlink destination, and create a hyperlink to jump to that destination. This method requires two constituents: the destination, and the hyperlink that takes the viewer to the destination. ■ You can use the Page Anchor option to attach a hyperlink to any text or object, and direct it to jump to any page in the document. In this method, there’s no need to create a hyperlink destination first; all you have to do is specify the page to be targeted. ■ You can establish a cross-reference relationship between a hyperlink and a text target within the document. In this method, the target text must be tagged with a specified paragraph style (that’s how InDesign “finds” it). ■ A Text Anchor allows you to select any text as a target, name that target, and establish a hyperlink that jumps to the target. The hyperlink “trigger” can be any object or selected text. The advantage of this method is that it isn’t dependent on paragraph styles, and it retains the hyperlink relation- ship even if the target or hyperlink trigger is moved. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together194 And there’s a fifth type of hyperlink. A URL hyperlink takes the viewer to a Web address when clicked. In this project, you’ll use both the Page Anchor and Text Anchor methods of creating hyperlinks and hyperlink destinations. You’ll also create hyperlinks to lead the viewer to fictional online resources. 1. Choose Window > Workspace > Interactive to bring up all the necessary panels. First, you’ll create two URL hyperlinks, which will take the viewer to the Web. Go to page 2 of the document. Open the Hyperlinks panel (Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks). In the last line of text, use the Type tool to select just the text www.outdooropulencemag.com/tour. Choose the Underline option ( )in the Control panel, or use the keyboard shortcut: Command-Shift-U (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift-U (Windows). Keep the underlined text selected, and open the Color panel (Window > Color > Color). In the Color panel menu, choose RGB to switch to the RGB color space, and drag the B (blue) slider all the way to the right until the value is 255. (Show a viewer some underlined blue text, and they will feel irresist- ibly compelled to click it.) Click the New Swatch icon ( ) at the bottom of the Swatches panel (Window > Color > Swatches) to add the new blue swatch. Double-click the swatch, uncheck the Name With Color Value op- tion, and name it Hyperlink. You’ll need it again. 2. The text looks like a hyperlink; now you’ll make it behave like one. With the text still selected, choose New Hyperlink From URL from the Hyperlinks panel menu. InDesign recognizes the URL format and automatically vacuums up the text, without you having to retype the Web address (Figure 9.9). Perform a test export to SWF to make sure the hyperlink is clickable. Since you’re viewing the file locally, Flash Player displays a secu- rity alert telling you that it’s stopped a potentially unsafe operation. You may remember from Chapter 2 that you’d have to change the Flash Player settings to allow this—and that it’s not usually a good idea to do so. At this point, you’re exporting the project to SWF just to test whether the hyper- link is active, so don’t change your settings. Figure 9.9 InDesign recognizes text in a URL format when you create a hyperlink from selected text. Adding Hyperlinks 195 3. Go to page 6 of the magazine. Select the text www.helenehideaway.com, and choose New Hyperlink From URL from the Hyperlinks panel menu. If you have trouble selecting the hyperlink text, temporarily switch to the Selection tool by holding down Command (Mac) or Ctrl (Windows) and clicking the text; this will target the small text frame containing the hyper- link text. Release the Command or Ctrl key, and you should now be able to select the text. The text is already blue and underlined, but the blue is a bit dull. Apply the Hyperlink swatch you created in Step 1. Save the file and keep it open. 4. Now you’ll create several hyperlinks to help viewers find and follow an article in the magazine. First, you’ll create a hyperlink destination (a place for the viewer to land), then the hyperlink trigger that takes them to the destination. Go to page 4 of the magazine, where the Helene’s Hideaway article begins. Use the Type tool to select the headline From Brunch In The Garden... and choose New Hyperlink Destination from the Hyperlinks panel menu. Choose Text Anchor for the destination type. By default, InDesign names the destination based on the selected text. Change the hyperlink name to Article Start (Figure 9.10). Notice that the hyperlink destination does not appear in the Hyperlinks panel. You’ll have to accept this; you’ll only see evidence of hyperlink destinations when you create the hyperlink that will go searching for them. Figure 9.10 It’s a good idea to change the name of a Text Anchor hyperlink destination so you’ll recognize it later when you’re creating the hyperlink that connects to it. 5. Now you’ll create the hyperlink that jumps to the beginning of the article. Go to page 3 of the magazine, which contains the Table of Contents. With the Type tool, select the first entry in the TOC (04—This Month...). You can quadruple-click in the paragraph to select the entire paragraph with- out having to click and drag. Once the paragraph is selected, choose New Hyperlink from the Hyperlinks panel menu. Choose Text Anchor for the Link To option. Since there’s currently only one text anchor in the docu- ment, you can’t go wrong. Article Start should already be selected in the Text Anchor pull-down menu. Don’t click OK quite yet. You should explore the options in the New Hyperlink dialog. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together196 6. Besides letting you pick the target for the hyperlink, the New Hyperlink dialog (Figure 9.11) also gives you control of the appearance and behavior of the hyperlink itself. Notice that you can select a character style to apply to the selected hyperlink text (great when you want to call attention to a hyperlink created from just a word or phrase, rather than the entire para- graph). At the bottom of the dialog, the Appearance options let you specify whether the hot spot area is indicated with a visible rectangle (the default is Invisible Rectangle). If you choose the Visible Rectangle option, the Color, Width, and Style options come to life. The Highlight option governs the visual feedback that viewers receive when they click. You can choose from None, Invert, Outline, and Inset. The None option does, well, nothing. The Invert option momentarily turns the area of the hyperlink to a nega- tive as the viewer clicks. The Outline option displays a stroke around the clicked area, and the Inset option indents the hyperlink area into the page, like a pushed button. For this project, just leave the appearance settings at Invisible Rectangle, with None for the highlight. Creating Jumpline Hyperlinks In a printed piece, jumplines (also called continuation lines) are used to lead the reader through an article that continues across multiple pages. You don’t have to keep track of the pages containing a story; InDesign automatically does that for you. First, you’ll set up the jumplines, and then you’ll create the hyperlinks and their destinations so the viewer can follow the article about Helene’s Holistic Hideaway. 1. Go to page 4 of the magazine. Underneath the story text is the small text frame that will become the jumpline. Choose the Type tool, then click at the end of the text. Press the spacebar to add a space after the word “page” Figure 9.11 The Appearance options give you control over how the hyperlink hot spot area appears, and how it responds when clicked. Adding Hyperlinks 197 (it won’t look as if the space has been added, but hang on). Right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Insert Special Character > Markers > Next Page Number. This inserts the code InDesign uses to keep track of the article. Initially, it will read “continued on page 4,” because it can’t currently communicate with the frame containing the article. 2. Press the Escape key to switch to the Selection tool, and move the small text frame up until it touches the bottom edge of the article text frame. And voilà (which is French for “jumpline”), the text now reads “continued on page 6.” 3. While jumplines help readers of a printed piece, viewers of interactive documents need something they can click. A hyperlink can be attached to either selected text or the frame containing the text. The difference is the size of the clickable area created. If you attach the hyperlink to selected text, only the small area of the text is clickable. If you attach the hyperlink to the text frame, the entire area of the frame is “live.” There are advantages to each. In a busy page, limiting the clickable area to just a line of text might be helpful, but the larger area of the containing frame is an easier target. In this document, you’ll attach the jumpline hyperlinks to the text frames rather than selected text. With the jumpline frame still selected, choose New Hyperlink from the Hyperlinks panel menu. Choose Page for the Link To option, and enter 6 for the page number. Leave the other set- tings at their defaults, and click OK. 4. Go to page 6 to fix the other jumpline. At the top of the page, click after the text in the small jumpline frame. Press the spacebar and then right- click and choose Insert Special Character > Markers > Previous Page Number. Switch to the Selection tool and move the frame down so it touches the top edge of the article text frame. The jumpline text should now read “continued from page 4.” 5. Create a new hyperlink for the jumpline text frame on page 6, following the instructions in Step 3 above, setting the page target to page 4 so the viewer can jump back to the earlier part of the article. You can close the Hyperlinks panel for now. 6. Test your file in the Preview panel, using the navigation controls at the bottom of the panel to go to page 3 of the magazine (since you disabled the page curl). Test the hyperlink you created in the Table of Contents; it should take you to page 4. Test the jumpline hyperlink; it should take you to page 6. Test the jumpline hyperlink on page 6 to make sure it takes you back to page 4. Save the file and keep it open (or take a break). Chapter 9 Putting It All Together198 Multistate Objects: Creating a Slideshow Creating an interactive version of a project can open the doors to including more content that wouldn’t fit in the confines of a printed version. In this magazine, it would be nice to show even more scenes for the Outdoor Opulence European tour, without having to make the images smaller. You’ll use a multistate object to create a slideshow, and control it with buttons. To make room for new, larger images, you would have to completely redesign page 2. Rather than make you do that, I’ve included some replacement con- tent as InDesign snippets. A snippet is just a record of page geometry, and can be used to store text and graphic frames—even entire pages. Snippets don’t include graphics, just references to them. (However, if graphics are embedded in a document, they will be embedded in the snippets exported from the document.) 1. Before you proceed with the remodeling job, save the file at its current state. 2. Go to page 2 of the magazine. Select and delete all the frames contain- ing images, then move the text frame up to the top margin of the page (Figure 9.12) to make room for the slideshow you’ll create. Figure 9.12 Reposition the text frame so the image slideshow can be placed below it. 3. Now you’ll bring in the images for the slideshow, the buttons to control the slideshow, and a caption, all as InDesign snippets. First you’ll bring in the images. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Rework > SlideShowImages folder and select SlideShowImages.idms. Check the Links panel (Window > Links) to make sure the image links are current. Because the snippet was created on my computer, it remembers the original location of the images. If necessary, relink all the images. The Multistate Objects: Creating a Slideshow 199 image frames are offset so you can see how many there are (Figure 9.13), and to make it easier to select all frames for subsequent steps. Keep the frames selected for the next step. Figure 9.13 The snippet for the images contains all the page-geometry information to create frames and link to images. 4. Align the top and left edges of the selected frames (Figure 9.14), and be careful to keep the frames selected. If you do accidentally deselect, marquee- select the aligned frames by clicking and dragging across a corner of the assembly to reselect them (you don’t have to completely surround the frames; just snag a portion). Resist the temptation to group the frames. You’re going to create a multistate object out of the ten selected frames. If you group the frames, this won’t work. 5. With the frames still selected, open the Object States panel (Window > Interactive > Object States), and click the Convert Selection to Multistate Object icon ( ) at the bottom of the panel. Name the new multistate object tour slides (Figure 9.15). Figure 9.15 Each selected image frame becomes a state in the multistate object. Figure 9.14 Align the top and left edges of the selected image frames, being careful not to deselect them. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together200 6. In the Object States panel, select the state you’d like for the initial view (we used State 7). Center the object horizontally in the page (Smart Guides will help), and position the bottom edge just above the bottom margin guide. Now you’ll bring in the caption and the button art. Choose File > Place, navigate back to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Rework > SlideShowImages folder, select Caption.idms, and Command-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac) to select SlideShowButtons.idms, then select Open. Click once to place the caption, and click again to place the buttons (they’re not buttons yet, but soon will be). 7. Position the caption text frame below the slideshow object, centered horizontally in the page. Then position the orange triangular buttons on either side of the slideshow object (Figure 9.16), aligning them vertically with each other, and center the buttons and slideshow object vertically so everything is nice and neat. Again, Smart Guides (View > Grids & Guides > Smart Guides) can help. Figure 9.16 Center the multistate object below the text, and position the caption and triangular buttons as shown. 8. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Select the left-pointing orange triangle, and click the Convert Object to a Button icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel. Name the button prev. For Event, choose On Release, and click the plus sign by Actions to choose Go To Previous State. The tour slides multistate object is the only likely target in the page, so its name automatically appears. 9. Using Step 8 as a guide, set up the right triangle to be a button named next that will take the viewer to the next state of the tour slides. Test the project in the Preview panel, and save the file. Next, you’ll create some navigation buttons in Photoshop, so you’ll be leaving InDesign for a while. If you like, close down InDesign while you’re working in Photoshop. Photoshop: Making Buttons 201 Photoshop: Making Buttons You need to provide navigation buttons in the online version of the magazine so viewers can move from page to page. As you saw when you were creating the slideshow, you could just create InDesign objects and convert them to buttons. But for this magazine, you’ll create some buttons in Photoshop so you can take advantage of layer comps. 1. Launch Photoshop. Choose File > New. Set the width and height to 1 inch. Set the resolution to 300 ppi, the color mode to RGB, and the background to Transparent. Name the new file PrevPage.psd. While the buttons will be much smaller when you place them in the interactive magazine project, it’s easier to see the results of effects while working at a larger size. 2. To create the PrevPage art, you’ll use a vector shape. Select the Custom Shape Tool, hidden under the Rectangle Tool (Figure 9.17). 3. In the Options bar at the top of the Photoshop interface, click the down- ward pointing triangle to display the currently available vector shapes. If you’ve modified your set of shapes, you may not see the same assort- ment as shown in Figure 9.18. Click the circle-in-a-triangle icon to access the panel menu, and choose Shapes from the list of preset assortments of vector art. An alert appears, asking if you want to replace the current shapes with the new set. Click OK if you want to replace the current set, or click Append if you want to keep the current set and add the new ones. Figure 9.18 To explore the shapes included with Photoshop, access the panel menu of the Shapes panel. 4. Now that you have more shapes to play with, search for the hollow triangle shape (Figure 9.19). Select the shape, but don’t start drawing in the image yet. In the Color panel (Window > Color), choose the RGB color mode from the panel menu and create a color that’s R245-G130-B32, a medium orange. Figure 9.17 To start hunting for a vector shape to use as the basis for the prevpage button, choose the Custom Shape Tool. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together202 Figure 9.19 Once you’ve loaded the additional shapes, find and select the hollow triangle shape. 5. Before you start creating the shape, change the mode used for vec- tor content by choosing the Shape Layers option in the Options bar (Figure 9.20). Instead of creating a nonprinting path, this mode allows you to create solid color layers with vector masks. 6. Start near the upper-left corner of the image, hold down Shift to constrain the shape, and drag diagonally to create the orange hollow triangle, leaving enough room for a glow you’ll create later. Switch to the Path Selection tool ( ), and reposition the triangle in the center of the image. Look in the Layers panel (Window > Layers); the layer consists of a sheet of solid orange, masked by the vector triangle shape (Figure 9.21). One of the advantages of using a vector shape layer is that you can edit the shape with path editing tools such as the Pen tool and the Direct Selection tool (white arrow). For example, if you want to tweak the position of the triangle in the image, just use the Path Selection tool to move it. To rotate the image so the triangle points to the left, choose Image > Image Rotation > 90° CCW. Choose File > Save and save the image in the Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder as PrevPage.psd (you named the file as you created it, so you shouldn’t have to rename it). Figure 9.21 Note that a vector mask looks a bit different in the Layers panel, to differentiate it from a pixel- based layer mask. Figure 9.20 The Shape Layers option allows you to create solid color layers with vector edges. Switch back to the plain old Paths option (center) when you’re done. NOTE: It’s easy to forget you chose the Shape Layers option, and it will bite you the next time you intend to draw a plain old clipping path, insisting on creating a solid shape layer. Thus, some advice: When you’re finished creating a Shape Layer, reselect the Paths option (the center of the three vector op- tions in the Options bar). Photoshop: Making Buttons 203 7. Click the Layer Style icon ( ) at the bottom of the Layers panel, and choose Bevel and Emboss. Use the settings shown in Figure 9.22. Figure 9.22 Use these settings for the prevpage.psd button. Leave all other values at the default settings: Style: Inner Bevel Technique: Chisel Hard Depth: 100% Direction: Up Size: 10 px Soften: 0 px Angle: 120° Altitude: 30° Global Light: On 8. The current appearance of the triangle button will be the Up state. So you can invoke that state when you’re creating a button, you’ll store the current appearance in a layer comp. Open the Layer Comps panel (Window > Layer Comps), and click the New Layer Comp icon ( ). Name the layer comp UP, check the Visibility and Appearance options so those attributes will be stored in the layer comp, and click OK. 9. Now you’ll modify the image for the Over button state. Click the Layer Style button at the bottom of the Layers panel, and choose the Outer Glow option. Use the settings shown in Figure 9.23. Create a new layer comp, named OVER. Figure 9.23 To create the Over appearance for the triangle button, use these settings, and leave the other values at their defaults: Blend Mode: Normal Opacity: 75% Noise: 0% Color: R255-G155-B60 Chapter 9 Putting It All Together204 10. Click in the small square to the left of the UP state in the Layer Comps panel to make that the default state of the image. Save the file and keep it open. 11. You could use this triangle for both the previous and next page buttons, but the highlight and shadow would be wrong on one of them. Yes, I know that’s a little nitpicky. But it’s quickly done, and then all of us nitpickers can sleep soundly. First you’ll flip the artwork, then you’ll move the sun to the correct position. Choose Image > Image Rotation > Flip Canvas Horizontal. In the Layers panel, double-click the entry for Bevel and Emboss, and change the Angle value to 120°. Save the file as NextPage. psd in the Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder and keep it open for the next part of the exercise. Now you have a matching set of page buttons, with consistent highlights and shadows (Figure 9.24). Importing Illustrator Artwork into Photoshop For the Home button, you’ll start with some existing Illustrator artwork and apply the same Bevel and Emboss layer style, as well as the orange glow, so all the buttons have a consistent appearance. 1. To avoid ruining the NextPage button, duplicate it before you begin changing it to create the Home button. Choose Image > Duplicate, and name the new image HomeButton.psd. Close the NextPage.psd image. 2. To bring in the Illustrator artwork, choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder and select Home Path.ai. Make sure Crop To is set to Bounding Box, and click OK. The house art- work is imported and centered in the image. Note the handles around the art. This is because you’ve placed content. Photoshop gives you the opportunity to reposition or transform placed art before finalizing the import. The artwork just happens to fit (that happens in lesson files, but rarely in Real Life). Just press Return (Mac) or Enter (Windows) to commit to the import. 3. To duplicate the Bevel and Emboss settings for the original triangle button, hold down Option (Mac) or Alt (Windows), select the small to the right of the Shape 1 layer (the triangle), and move it up to the Home Path layer. If you find this difficult to do (it can be stubborn to click in just the right spot), there’s another method. Select the Shape 1 layer and choose Layer > Layer Style > Copy Layer Style. Then select the Home Path layer and choose Layer > Layer Style > Paste Layer Style. Delete the Shape 1 layer, save the file, and keep it open. Figure 9.24 The finished set of page buttons, with anatomically correct highlights and shadows. Adding Navigation Buttons 205 4. Look in the Layer Comps panel. Both of the layer comp entries have yellow warning triangles because the content to which they referred is gone. You’ll keep the layer comp names, but make them represent the UP and OVER states of the new Home button. The current state of this image will constitute the UP state, so select the UP layer comp name in the Layer Comps panel (don’t select the square to the left of the name; select the name itself). Then choose Update Layer Comp from the Layer Comps panel menu. The yellow warning triangle should disappear from the UP state. 5. Now you’ll add the same orange glow that was used in the OVER states of the triangle page buttons. Click the Layer Style icon at the bottom of the Layers panel, and choose the Bevel and Emboss option. For Blend Mode, choose Normal, and change the Color to R255-G155-B60. Leave all other values at the default settings and click OK. 6. Select the OVER layer comp (again, click the layer comp name, not the square to the left of the name), and choose Update Layer Comp from the Layer Comps panel menu. The yellow warning triangle should disappear from the OVER state. 7. Click in the square to the left of the UP layer comp name to make it the default appearance of the image. Save the file as HomeButton.psd in the Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder, and close the image (Figure 9.25). You can close Photoshop now. It’s time to return to InDesign so you can add and activate the new buttons. Adding Navigation Buttons You added navigation buttons in Chapter 2, so this should be old hat (or old button) for you. But if you want to streamline the process by placing the buttons on the master page, you’ll have to further modify the document. 1. Launch InDesign and reopen MagForWebNew.indd in the InDesign Rework folder. Currently, the document still considers itself a facing-page document. All left-hand pages are based on the left master page, and all right-hand pages are based on the right master page. You could place the buttons twice (once on each master page), but there’s an easier way. Choose File > Document Setup, and uncheck the Facing Pages option. Note that this can be tricky in documents with crossover elements, but that won’t be an issue with this document. Figure 9.25 The finished Home button, in its UP state. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together206 2. In the Pages panel (Window > Pages), double-click the A-Master label in the top part of the panel. If you see a pair of text frames at the bottom of the pasteboard, delete them (they’re leftover folio frames, and you don’t need them in the interactive version of the magazine). From the Pages panel menu, choose Master Options for A-Master. In the dialog, change the number of pages to 1 (Figure 9.26) and click OK. Save the file and keep it open. Figure 9.26 Once you’ve changed the Document Setup to Single Pages, change the number of pages in the A-Master to 1, so you only have to keep track of one master page. 3. When you place the button artwork, you want to make sure none of the buttons interfere with artwork already in the magazine pages. Wouldn’t it be great if you could look at all the pages simultaneously to see the repercussions of positioning the buttons on the master page? You can— almost. Choose Window > Arrange > New Window, then choose Window > Arrange > Tile to place both views of the document side by side. This may seem like an instruction from the Department of Redundancy Department, but you’ll soon see how handy this is when you’re juggling master page content and document page objects. 4. Click in the right document window to make it the active window, and then double-click the thumbnail for Page 1 in the Pages panel. Click in the left document window to make it the active window, and then double- click the A-Master label. Double-check the windows before you proceed. You should see “A-Master” at the bottom-left of the left document window, and the numeral “1” at the bottom left of the right document window. As you work through the next few steps, remember: Master on the left, docu- ment on the right. 5. In the Layers panel, create a new top layer and name it buttons. Lock the text and graphics layers, and target the new buttons layer. In the right window (the document), reduce the magnification so you can see two or three pages if possible. 6. Once again, click in the left (master) window to make it active. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Photoshop Buttons folder, and select PrevPage.psd, HomeButton.psd, and NextPage.psd. Click to place the Adding Navigation Buttons 207 three buttons under the bottom margin of the master page (Figure 9.27). Scale the buttons to 50% of their current size, and align their top edges using the alignment controls in the Control panel. Select all three buttons, and use the Distribute Horizontal Centers control ( ) in the Control panel to distribute the buttons evenly. Save the file and keep it open. Figure 9.27 Position the button artwork close together, with enough distance between them to avoid accidentally clicking the wrong one. 7. Click in the right window to make it active. Scroll through the right win- dow to see what’s happening throughout the document. If the buttons are too high in the master page, click in the left window to target the A-Master, and move the buttons down a bit. This won’t fix all the pages; you’ll have to modify pages 2 and 5. 8. The buttons don’t show on the cover, because it’s based on the None master. Double-click the page 1 thumbnail to target it, and Alt-click the thumbnail for the A-Master master page (Mac: Option-click the A-Master). This applies the A-Master page to page 1. You should now see the navigation buttons on the cover page. 9. Lock the buttons layer, and unlock the text and graphics layers. Go to page 2, and move the slideshow and caption text frame as far up as you can without crowding the text at the top of the page. Select the caption text below the slideshow, and reduce it to 20 points. Move the caption frame up until it clears the buttons by a comfortable margin. 10. Go to page 3, the Table of Contents. There’s no room to move the Table of Contents text up without it being lost in the background image. Instead, you’ll modify the paragraph style used by the text to reduce the space between paragraphs. Click in empty space to deselect anything that might be selected. In the Paragraph Styles panel (Window > Styles > Paragraph Styles), double-click 1_Blue TOC to open the Style Options dialog. In the left column of the dialog, select Indents and Spacing and change the Space After value to 0.1875. Click OK to exit the dialog. 11. On page 5, select and move the fireplace image and the text frames below the image up until they clear the navigation buttons. 12. If necessary, return to the A-Master page and reposition the buttons. As long as the bottom edge of the buttons is about 0.1 inch from the bottom Chapter 9 Putting It All Together208 of the page, that should be satisfactory. Close one of the document win- dows; it doesn’t matter which one (just don’t close both). Save the file and keep it open. Assigning Actions to the Navigation Buttons Now that you’ve finally positioned the navigation buttons, it’s time to add the actions. Once you’ve done that, you’ll reposition or delete a few buttons in the document pages. 1. Double-click in the A-Master page to target it. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Using the methods you learned earlier, select the left triangle, convert it to a button, and name the button PrevPage. Click the plus sign by Actions and choose the Go To Previous Page action. Keep the button selected. 2. Select the Rollover state in the Buttons panel. Switch to the Direct Selection tool (white arrow) and click inside the button frame to select the image rather than the frame (if you’re zoomed up sufficiently, you can just click the Content Grabber “donut” inside the frame to target the image). Choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options dialog, choose the OVER layer comp and click OK. 3. Now you’ll create the next page button. Select the right triangle, convert it to a button, and name the button NextPage. Add the Go To Next Page action. Select the Rollover state and use Object Layer Options to choose the OVER layer comp so the button will show an orange glow when the viewer rolls over it. 4. Select the home graphic, convert it to a button, and name it HomeButton. Add the Go To First Page action. Choose the Rollover state and use Object Layer Options to choose the OVER layer comp. Save the file and keep it open. 5. Now you’ll delete unnecessary buttons. Double-click the page 1 thumbnail in the Pages panel to target it. Because the buttons are master page items, they are locked. Choose Override All Master Page Items from the Pages panel menu to unlock the frames containing the button artwork. Select and delete the PrevPage and HomeButton frames. Move the NextPage frame to the right so it’s closer to the edge of the page. 6. Go to page 7. Here, you’ll use a different method of unlocking the buttons, since you only want to delete the NextPage button and don’t want to risk Animating a Headline 209 messing up the arrangement of the remaining buttons. Hold down Command-Shift (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift (Windows) and click the NextPage button to unlock only that master item. Once it’s unlocked, delete it. 7. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode ( ), click the Play button ( ), and test the buttons and hyperlinks. Fix any malfunctioning controls, save the file, and keep it open. As you’ve seen throughout this book, adding interactive content and naviga- tion controls can be a time-consuming endeavor. In essence, you’re working hard so the viewer doesn’t have to think about how to navigate through your document. I hope your client appreciates all the hard work you’re doing. Animating a Headline Just for good measure, don’t you think this magazine could use some flying text? I thought so. 1. Go to page 7 of the magazine. With the Pen tool or Pencil tool, draw a curving shape starting in the pasteboard at the lower left of the page, and ending in the center of the word Environment. The stroke attribute of the path is not important; once it’s converted to a motion path it will lose any fill and stroke attributes and become invisible. The smoother the path, the more smoothly the word will fly in (Figure 9.28). Think of the path as a sort of track that the word will follow. Figure 9.28 Draw a swooping path with the Pen or Pencil tool from the lower left to the center of the word Environment. Start several inches outside the left edge of the page. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together210 2. Open the Animation panel (Window > Interactive > Animation). Select the text frame containing the word Environment, and Shift-click to select the path you drew. At the bottom of the Animation panel, click the Convert to Motion Path icon ( ). If necessary, click the triangle to the left of the Properties label in the Animation panel to reveal the Properties options. Choose the following settings, and leave other options at the defaults. ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 1.5 seconds ■ Speed: Ease in ■ Animate: To Current Location ■ Opacity: Fade In 3. Test the flying text. You can edit the path by selecting the text frame and then switching to the Direct Selection tool and clicking the motion path to select it. You can then move points and manipulate direction handles as you can on any other path. Save the file and keep it open. Adding a Video To give the viewers an idea of what they’re missing if they don’t visit Helene’s Holistic Hideaway, you’ll add a video showing fun-loving raccoons playing in a giant exercise wheel. The movie was originally an AVI file from a digital camera. It was converted to the F4V format with Adobe Media Encoder. 1. Go to page 6 of the magazine. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Video folder, select raccoons.f4v, and click Open. Click (don’t drag) somewhere in the text frame to the left of the peacock photo. You may have to wait a couple of seconds for the video preview to appear. 2. Open the Media panel (Window > Interactive > Media). Uncheck Play on Page Load; you’ll trigger the movie with a button. Set the Poster option to None, and choose the SkinOverAllNoFullNoCaption controller. (Yes, that’s its name. Whew.) Check the Show Controller on Rollover option. If neces- sary, reposition the movie frame so it’s centered over the text frame. 3. The button art has been provided as an InDesign snippet. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Video folder, select VideoButton.idms, and click Open. Click above the peacock photo to Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 211 create the embossed text frame that will become a button; right now it’s just a text frame. Position the frame so its right edge aligns with the right edge of the peacock photo. 4. Convert the text frame to a button named playmovie, and add the Video action. Because there’s only one video in the page, the raccoons.f4v video is automatically designated as the target. 5. Click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel. Right-click (Mac: Control- click) and choose Effects > Drop Shadow. Add a 50% black drop shadow, with an X and Y offset of 0.07 inch (Figure 9.29). Set the size of the shadow to 0.07 inch, and click OK. 6. Test the spread in the Preview panel. Make sure the button triggers the video (there’s no audio accompanying the playful raccoons, so you can turn your sound down now). Save the file. In the next section, you’ll be working in Illustrator and Flash Professional, so you can close InDesign if you like, and take a break before you start the next part of the project. Using Illustrator and Flash Professional Illustrator and Flash Professional have a close relationship. Flash understands the native Illustrator format; you can import Illustrator files with control over which layers are visible, and even copy/paste directly between the applica- tions. In this part of the lesson, you’ll modify an Illustrator file, then paste its contents into a Flash document and animate it so it will fly gently. You’ll ex- port the animation to a SWF, which you’ll then place in InDesign so it can fly across the page. Figure 9.29 Add a drop shadow to the Rollover state of the button that will trigger the raccoon video, just to provide a bit of visual feedback to the viewer. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together212 Modifying the Illustrator Artwork You’ll give yourself a bit of a head start by converting the Helene’s Hideaway logo to a movie clip symbol before you bring it into Flash Professional. 1. Launch Adobe Illustrator. Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Rework > Links folder, and open helene_logo2.ai. Select all the artwork on the artboard, and group it together (Object > Group). You don’t have to group the artwork, but it does prevent wandering. 2. You need to convert the grouped artwork to a symbol. Open the Symbols panel (Window > Symbols), and drag the selected grouped artwork onto an empty area of the Symbols panel. In the Symbol Options dialog (Figure 9.30), name the symbol Helene_Symbol, accept the default settings, and click OK. This creates a new symbol and—more importantly—converts the original artwork into an instance of the symbol. Note that the default symbol type is Movie Clip; this will come in handy in Flash. Figure 9.30 Converting the artwork to a symbol in Illustrator saves you a step in Flash Professional. You can also designate Illustrator art as a symbol during the import to Flash Professional. 3. If necessary, reselect the logo artwork, and then copy it to the Clipboard. You don’t have to change the document color mode of the Illustrator file, because its mode will become RGB when it’s imported into Flash Professional. 4. Launch Flash Professional. Choose File > New to start a new document. In the dialog that appears, ActionScript 3.0 (the first option in the list of general options) should be selected. If not, select ActionScript 3.0 and click OK. The white rectangle that appears is the stage, analogous to a page in InDesign. Save the file as FlyingLogo.fla in the Ch_9_Exercises > Illustrator to Flash folder. 5. To ensure that the animation will fall where you intend in the final proj- ect, change the document dimensions to match the 800 px by 600 px size of the InDesign document. Choose Modify > Document and change the Width and Height values. Alternatively, you can click the Edit button by the size values in the Properties Inspector at the right side of the stage. Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 213 6. Paste the Helene’s Hideaway logo artwork that’s been waiting patiently on the Clipboard. If you have copied something else to the Clipboard since then, you’ll probably receive an error when you attempt to paste it into the Flash document. Go back to Illustrator and recopy the artwork if nec- essary. Accept the default pasting options (Figure 9.31) and click OK. Figure 9.31 The default options work for most situations when you paste Illustrator artwork into a Flash Professional project. 7. To help you position the flying logo correctly, choose View > Rulers if the rulers are not already visible. Zoom in on the top left corner of the stage by holding down Command-spacebar (Mac) or Ctrl-spacebar (Windows) and dragging a zoom marquee across the upper-left corner of the stage. Position your cursor in the horizontal ruler across the top of the stage, and drag down until you reach the 20 pixel mark. Then choose View > Magnification > Fit in Window. 8. Using the Selection tool at the right side of the Flash interface (like the Selection tools in other Adobe applications, it’s a black arrow), move the logo movie clip to just inside the left edge of the stage, with its top edge aligned to the guide you created. 9. At the bottom of the Flash Professional interface, click the Timeline tab to show the timeline controls if they’re not already visible. Go to frame 120 of the timeline, click in the small rectangle underneath the 120 mark, and choose Insert > Timeline > Frame. Alternatively, you can right-click (Mac: Control-click) in the frame rectangle and choose Insert Frame. 10. Return to frame 1 of the timeline by clicking in the frame rectangle at the beginning of the timeline. Select the logo movie clip in the stage. (It may be hard to think of a stationary object as a movie clip, but this is how Flash regards it. Just go along with it.) Choose Insert > Motion Tween. 11. Click the Motion Tween tab, which is tucked in behind the Timeline tab. Scroll down until you see the Transformation section of the Motion Tween controls. Locate the Scale X and Scale Y controls (Figure 9.32). Click the blue 100% by the Scale X label, and change the value to 30%; the Scale Y value should also change, since the X and Y values are linked together. NOTE: The default frames-per- second rate (think of movie frames) is 24 fps in both In- Design and Flash Professional. This is a 5-second animation; 5 x 24 =120. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together214 12. Now you’ll add an effect to make the logo fade in as it moves across the stage. Scroll a bit farther down in the Motion Editor controls, until you see Color Effect. Click the plus sign to the right of the Color Effect entry in the list of controls, and choose Alpha from the pull-down menu that appears (Figure 9.33). A new row, Alpha amount, appears. Click the initial 100% value and change it to 0% (you can also scrub to the left on the value itself to reduce it to 0). You can also add and modify the Color Effect option in the Properties Inspector. Figure 9.33 Set the Alpha value to 0% under Color Effect in the Motion Editor controls. This will initially hide the logo, so it can fade in as it moves across the page. 13. Click the Timeline tab to bring the timeline controls to the front again. Click in the last small frame rectangle, under the 120 mark. Select the logo on the stage (it will still think it’s at 0% alpha, and thus invisible, but you should be able to find its bounding box; click and drag if necessary to throw a net over it). Move the bounding box of the invisible logo to the right side of the stage. 14. Return to the Motion Editor by clicking its tab. Scroll down to the Transformation section, and change the size to 60% for both X and Y values. In the Color Effects section, change the alpha to 100%. Now that you can actually see the logo, reposition it so it falls just inside the top and right edges of the stage. Figure 9.32 In the first frame of the timeline, change the Scale X and Y values to 30% (initially, you’ll see 100%, as shown). TIP: Since motion presets (including any custom motion paths) are stored as XML, they can be shared between InDesign and Flash Professional. Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 215 15. Preview the animation by pressing Ctrl-Enter (Windows) or Command- Return (Mac). The logo should move sedately across the stage, becoming fully visible when it reaches the right side. Don’t worry that the animation loops over and over; you’ll fix that in a later step. Close the preview, save the file, and keep it open. 16. Notice the red line connecting the initial state of the logo with the current state and position of the logo. That’s a visual representation of the mo- tion tween path—and it’s editable (the path is red because that’s the key color of the layer it’s in). With the Selection tool, click in the middle of the motion tween path and drag it downward (Figure 9.34). If the entire line moves, rather than being reshaped, undo and reselect the line, making sure you see a little curly icon by your cursor to indicate that you can modify the shape of the motion path. 17. Click the Timeline tab to return to the timeline controls. Click in the small frame rectangle at the 48 marker. You’ll see the position and alpha state of the logo at that moment in time. Select the logo movie clip and move it up until its top edge aligns roughly with the guideline. Notice that the motion tween path gently curves in and out of that position to provide a smooth motion (Figure 9.35). Preview the animation again to see the results of this move. 18. Now you’ll modify the motion tween so the animation starts out fast, then slows down as the logo lands in its final location. Click the motion path to select it. In the Properties panel on the right, enter 75 in the Ease setting. Preview the animation to see how this changes the behavior of the flying logo. Close the preview and save the file. Figure 9.34 The motion path is completely editable. Just drag the nodes on the line, as you would do in Illustrator. Figure 9.35 At frame 48, move the logo movie clip up to add another little bounce to the motion path. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together216 19. Now you’ll enter a Stop command, to prevent the flying logo from looping and driving your viewers mad. In the timeline, click in the last frame, under the 120 mark. Select the logo movie clip on the stage. Open the Code Snippets panel (Window > Code Snippets). Click the triangle to the left of Timeline Navigation in the Code Snippets panel to reveal the options under that topic (Figure 9.36). Double-click the Stop at this Frame com- mand. Flash Professional creates a new layer in the timeline to hold the assigned action, and adds the code to the last frame in the timeline. The Actions-Frame panel automatically appears, showing you the code that has been added. Close the Actions-Frame panel and save the file. 20. Now it’s time to export the animation to SWF, so it can be placed in InDesign. Choose File > Publish Settings. In the Type options, uncheck everything but Flash (.swf), and click the small folder icon to the right of the filename field to choose a location for the SWF. Save the SWF as FlyingLogo.swf in the Ch_9_Exercises > Illustrator to Flash folder. 21. Now that you’ve finished animating the Illustrator logo, you can close Flash Professional. In the next section, you’ll import the SWF file into the magazine project in InDesign. TIP: The gray text you see in code display is explanatory commenting provided by Flash. As you explore Flash Profes- sional more deeply, you’ll find code commenting helpful and educational. Figure 9.36 When you add a Stop command in the last frame of the animation to prevent it from looping, Flash Professional displays the complete commented code in case you’d like to examine or edit it. Importing Flash Animation into InDesign 217 Importing Flash Animation into InDesign To finish the interactive magazine project and try to drum up business for Helene’s Holistic Hideaway, you’ll import the animated logo you created in the previous section. 1. Launch InDesign. Choose File > Open, navigate to the InDesign Rework folder, and open MagForWebNew.indd. Go to page 5 of the magazine. Select and delete the Helene’s Holistic Hideaway logo; you’ll replace the static logo with the flying version. 2. In the Layers panel, target the buttons layer. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Illustrator to Flash folder, select FlyingLogo.swf, and click Open. Click near the upper-left corner of the page to place the animation. Since the animation was built to the same dimensions as the magazine pages, you can snap the upper-left corner of the animation to the upper-left corner of the page and it should fit perfectly. 3. In the Media panel, select the Play on Page Load option and set the Poster option to None. The animation won’t be visible until the viewer lands on page 5. Then, the logo should fly in automatically and land gracefully in the position originally occupied by the static Illustrator artwork. If that doesn’t drum up business for the resort, I don’t know what will. 4. Perform one final check of all the interactive elements in the Preview panel. Don’t forget all the hyperlinks, the navigation buttons, the slideshow, and the flying text. Once you’re certain that everything is functioning as expected, choose File > Save As and overwrite the current MagForWebNew.indd file. Why Save As, rather than just File > Save? Every time you save an InDesign file, new information is appended to the existing file, and file size can begin to bloat. Save As rewrites the file, economizing it. This can reduce the file size, sometimes dramatically. Just for grins, note the before- and-after file size to see the difference. For example, I just performed a Save As on this chapter, and the file size went from 9.2 MB to 7.4 MB. Chapter 9 Putting It All Together218 Exporting the Finished Project At long last! It’s time to export the magazine project to SWF and prepare the project for uploading to a Web site. You probably remember the approach from Chapter 6, but here’s a short refresher course. 1. Choose File > Export, and select Flash Player (SWF) for the format. Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises >Final Project folder, name the file FinalMag.swf, and click Save. In the Export SWF dialog, make sure Interactive Page Curl is deselected. 2. Your default browser should launch and display the exported SWF. Navigate through the magazine project and test all the interactive features. When you’re finished, close InDesign, Flash Professional, Photoshop, Illustrator, your Web browser, your e-mail program, and anything else that’s running, and take a break. You deserve it! Checklist When you’re absorbed in a project—whether print or interactive—it’s easy to develop tunnel vision, especially when you’re nearly finished. Deadlines can blur your vision, so you should consider making a list that you use to check your project before you consider it finalized. It’s even better if you can arrange to have someone test the finished interactive piece to see if they encounter any issues. Innocent bystanders can be invaluable. You’ll develop your own checklist over time, but here’s a starter list. Page dimensions ■ Does the project fit on a typical monitor or laptop screen? ■ Would the viewer need to scroll to view important content if the project was viewed on a small laptop? Hyperlinks ■ Do all the intra-document hyperlinks work correctly? Check hyperlinks to page anchors, hyperlinks to text anchors, cross-references, jumpline hyperlinks, and Table of Contents hyperlinks. ■ Are hyperlinks obviously clickable? Exporting the Finished Project 219 Web links ■ Are all Web links clickable? ■ Are there any incorrect links (dead URLs, incorrect sites, less-than-tasteful sites as the result of a typo)? ■ Are links obvious? Will the viewer know to click? ■ Is it easy to hit intended links, without accidentally clicking on the wrong one in a tight space? Navigation controls ■ Are navigation buttons intuitive? ■ Is it obvious which is a next or previous page button? ■ Does a home button lead to the appropriate target (a cover or Table of Contents)? ■ Should you include a “how the controls work” page at the beginning of the document to make sure the viewer understands the navigation? Page transitions ■ Do page transitions enhance or detract from the experience? ■ Will page transitions interfere with navigation controls? Video ■ Is it obvious that there is video content? Provide a button or caption that invites the viewer to click. Otherwise, they may mistake the video for a still photograph if the video is not set to play on page load. ■ Have you included a player skin so the viewer can control playback? Audio ■ Is there an obvious indicator that the viewer should click to play audio, if it’s not set to play on page load? ■ Is the audio long enough to be worth hearing, but not so long that it outlasts the page view? Chapter 9 Putting It All Together220 Animations ■ Is the timing correct for all animations? Do they play in the correct order? ■ Do the animations play on page load, or do you need to lead the viewer to click a trigger? Multistate objects ■ Is the current state the one you want viewers to see initially? ■ Have you provided controls for cycling through the states of the object? Buttons ■ Do buttons convey what they do? ■ Do rollover and click appearances work? Deployment ■ Do you need to rename the host HTML file “index.html” or “default.html” for it to work properly on your Web server? Wrapping Up Now that you’ve taken this trip through InDesign, Photoshop, Illustrator, and Flash Professional, you should have a much better idea how to tackle your next interactive project. You should be comfortable with the new interactive features in InDesign CS5, and perhaps inspired to move outside your print- centric comfort zone. Welcome to the future. Now go have fun with your new toys! Index A actions button. See button actions PDF, 119 SWF, 118–119 ActionScript, 2, 140, 143, 212. See also scripting Adobe AIR, 146, 155–156 Adobe Media Encoder, 40 Adobe Media Player, 25, 131 .ai extension, 80 AIR applications, 146, 155–156 alignment caption text, 200 images, 199 objects, 15 All States command, 170 anchor points, 61 animated logos, 212–216 animation, 51–74 adding to objects, 4–7 combining behaviors, 59–62 considerations, 220 delays, 9, 10 event triggers, 55–62 Flash Catalyst and, 146 grouping, 59–62 headlines, 209–210 importing into InDesign, 217 in InDesign, 52–54, 217 motion presets, 62–69 order of, 8–10 overview, 52–54 play controls, 7, 8–10 previewing, 7–8 sample scripts, 52–54 synchronizing, 61 timing, 8–10 transitions. See transitions Animation action, 119 Animation Encyclopedia, 52–54 Animation panel, 4–7 Animation Proxy view mode, 62 Appearance Only option, 127 AppleScript, 52 application files, 132 applications AIR, 155–156 e-mail, 83, 116, 118 RIA, 146 artboards, 98, 101, 148–151 artwork. See graphics; Illustrator artwork; images audio, 48–49 buttons for, 48–49 considerations, 219 in Flash Catalyst, 180–182 playing/stopping, 48 settings, 48–49 working with, 10–14 audio formats, 48–49 automatic page numbers, 85 AVI format, 40 B backgrounds, 74, 127 Balloon Float preset, 64–69 bevel effect, 87–88, 168, 204 Bézier paths, 5, 61, 63 blending modes, 102–103 bookmarks, 23, 114–115, 139 bounding boxes, 61, 92, 96, 214 Breadcrumbs bar, 143, 148, 149, 166, 177 button actions button events, 76–82 for button states, 90–91 for navigation buttons, 113–119, 208–209 PDF-only actions, 119 quick guide to, 117–220 SWF and PDF actions, 118–119 SWF-only actions, 119 working with, 113–117 button art creating in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205 creating in Photoshop, 102–112 button states. See also states adding glow effect to, 89 changing content in, 89–93 considerations, 160 Index222 button states (continued) creating, 88–89 normal, 80, 81, 85, 88, 90, 92 overview, 77–82 in Photoshop, 203–204 button triggers actions, listed, 118–119 button events, 76–82 for movies/video, 45–46, 59, 210–211 buttons, 75–119. See also navigation buttons actions. See button actions appearance, 79, 82–93, 113–114 art for. See button art for audio, 48–49 considerations, 76, 220 converting objects to, 30, 46, 200 converting text frames to, 92–93 creating in Flash Catalyst, 152–153 creating in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205 creating in Photoshop, 201–205 deleting, 208 distributing evenly, 207 events. See events frames as, 87–89 grouping, 59–62 hot spots, 76, 92 images for, 79 included with InDesign, 83–87 in interactive documents, 76 labels, 152, 153, 169, 178 layers, 101–102 limitations, 91–92 live corners, 93 modifying, 29–31 mouseovers, 78 multilayer, 103–113 multimedia content in, 91 naming, 30, 84 next page, 23, 70–72, 204, 208 overview, 28, 75–76 PDF files, 76–77 positioning, 206–208 previous page, 23, 29–30, 204 rollover effects, 31–33, 58 sample, 83–87 shapes, 92–93, 152 Show/Hide controls, 31, 32, 33, 79, 80 states. See button states styles, 111 symbols, 97–102 target, 31, 32, 76 triggers. See button triggers unlocking, 29, 42, 116, 208–209 visibility options, 32–33 Buttons panel, 32, 78–93, 110–111 C captions, 200 CD/DVD distribution, 131–132 checklist, project, 218–220 Click event, 56, 80 Click state, 82, 90 Clipboard, 153, 180, 212–213 clipping paths, 202 CMYK color, 122, 124 Code Snippets panel, 216 Code workspace, 148 color background, 127 CMYK, 122, 124 glow, 165 hyperlinks, 194, 195 remap artwork, 98–99 RGB, 94, 122, 124, 174, 191 spot, 124, 191 color groups, 100 Color Overlay effect, 108, 109 Color panel, 103 Color Picker, 165 color relationships, 99 color space, 124 color swatches, 100, 191 color wheel, 99 component editing mode, 169, 177–179 compression, 129, 137 content alternate, 160–163, 170 changing in button states, 89–93 multimedia, 10–14, 137 pasting vs. placing, 125 printed vs. onscreen, 20–22 viewing in browser, 132 Content Grabber icon, 82, 90 continuation lines, 196 controllers/controller skins, 13, 42 Crop to Media option, 89 cross-references, 23, 33–36, 193 Index 223 D deployment, 24, 130–132, 220 Design workspace, 148 destinations, 113, 114, 115–116 distribution, project, 130–132 Document Setup dialog, 189 documents. See also files; InDesign documents previewing. See previews repurposing for onscreen use, 20–22, 123 testing navigability of, 23 Down state, 77 drop shadow effect, 105, 106, 211 DVD/CD distribution, 131–132 E edges, 112 editing component editing mode, 169, 177–179 in Flash Professional, 141–144 effects. See also filters complex, 157 exporting and, 138 Flash Catalyst and, 157 transparency, 124 Ellipse tool, 167–168 e-mail addresses, 83, 118 e-mail applications, triggering, 83, 116, 118 emailing SWF files, 24 emboss effect, 87–88, 157, 204 event triggers, 6–7, 55–59, 76. See also triggers events, 55–62 On Blur, 77 button, 55, 58–59, 76–82 On Click, 55, 57–58, 76, 77 On Focus, 76 On Page Click, 55, 56–57 On Page Load, 55–56 On Release, 30, 76, 77, 78 On Roll Off, 76 On Roll Over, 55, 58, 76 EXE files, 132 exercise files, x Export Selection option, 126 exporting color conversion and, 191 considerations, 72, 138–140 document dimensions and, 122–123 file size and, 125 files from Flash Catalyst, 154–155 finished projects to SWF, 218–220 to Flash Professional, 135–144 Illustrator content, 125 from InDesign, 126–129 motion presets, 69 options, 128–129, 136–137 page transitions and, 73–74, 127 to PDF, 38 Photoshop content, 125 slideshows, 16 to SWF, 36–38, 40, 126–129 video for Flash output, 16 F F4V format, 40, 41, 42 fade effects, 9, 13, 62, 171–173, 214 fade-ins, 9, 13, 171 fading transitions, 171–172, 173 file formats. See formats files. See also documents; InDesign documents application, 132 EXE, 132 exercise, x FLA, 2, 138, 140, 142 HTML, 17, 74, 127, 130–131 Illustrator. See Illustrator artwork multimedia, 10–14, 127, 130 PDF. See PDF files Photoshop. See Photoshop files Projector, 132 QuickTime, 40–41 SWF. See SWF files fill attributes, 94 filters, 138, 168–169. See also effects Filters panel, 154, 169 FLA files, 2, 138, 140, 142 FLA (Flash CS5 Professional) format, 7, 125, 136–140 Flash Builder, 146 Flash Catalyst, 145–185 basic tools, 149–156 building on Illustrator files, 174–185 building on Photoshop files, 157–173 component types, 164 creating button art, 152–153 creating new projects, 149, 158 creating text frames, 151, 169 drawing tools, 146, 150, 167–170 exporting files from, 154–155 formats supported, 146 importing Illustrator content into, 147, 174, 175 Index224 Flash Catalyst (continued) importing Photoshop content into, 147, 150, 157–159 interface, 147–149 layers in, 157–159, 167, 173 limitations, 146, 156 navigation buttons in, 163–167 overview, 145–147 pages/states, 160–163, 178–180 planning for, 156 scrubbable values in, 154, 165 sound in, 180–182 transitions in, 170–173, 180–182 user guide, 149 workspace, 147–149 Flash Classic Text, 129, 137 Flash CS5 Professional. See FLA Flash Player, 2, 25, 131, 132, 133 Flash Player Projector application, 132 Flash Professional editing in, 141–144 exporting to, 135–144 using Illustrator with, 211–216 Flatten Transparency option, 129 FLV format, 40, 41, 42 fonts, 22, 137, 191 formats. See also specific formats audio, 48–49 images, 12 multimedia, 14 supported by Flash Catalyst, 146 video, 40–42 fps ( frames per second), 129, 213 frame rates, 129 frames as buttons, 87–89 graphics, 15, 52, 87, 198–199 text. See text frames unlocking, 208 frames per second ( fps), 129, 213 FutureSplash Animator, 2 FXP format, 146 G Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO), 122 Generate HTML File option, 74, 127 Glass Buttons styles, 111 glow effect, 78–82, 157, 164–165, 169 Go To Destination action, 118 Go To First Page action, 118 Go To Last Page action, 118 Go To Next Page action, 30, 84, 88, 118, 208 Go To Next State action, 119 Go To Next View action, 119 Go To Page action, 30, 83, 85, 115, 119 Go To Previous Page action, 30, 84, 118, 208 Go To Previous Spread action, 8 Go To Previous State action, 119, 200 Go To Previous View action, 119 Go To State action, 119 Go To URL action, 83, 86, 91, 118, 154, 180 gradients, 106, 108, 109 graphic styles, 94–97 graphics, 123–126. See also Illustrator artwork; images color space, 124 placing, 125 resolution, 125, 127 shapes. See shapes snippets, 198 streamlining, 125–126 transparency, 124 graphics frames, 15, 52, 87, 198–199 grids, 153, 174. See also guides groups animations, 59–62 color, 100 layer, 156, 158, 173 objects, 16 guides. See also grids HUD, 177 ruler, 177, 189 Smart Guides, 116–117, 200 H hardware requirements, ix headlines, animating, 209–210 Heads Up Display (HUD), 149, 153, 177 hex color system, 165 hexidecimal numbers, 165 HMTL (Hypertext Markup Language), 17, 165 Home button, 25, 115–117, 170, 204 hot spots, 76, 92 HTML files, 17, 74, 127, 130–131 HUD (Heads Up Display), 149, 153, 177 hyperlink destinations, 113, 114, 115–116, 195 hyperlink trigger, 195 hyperlinks. See also linked items adding to documents, 193–197 appearance options, 196 Index 225 attaching to text/text frames, 197 behavior options, 196 color, 194, 195 considerations, 218 converting URLs to, 36 cross-references, 33–36, 194 indenting, 196 jumpline, 196–197 naming, 195 page anchor, 194 table of contents, 23 text, 194 text anchor, 195 URL, 194–195 I Illustrator creating button art in, 93–102, 204–205 round-tripping to, 182–185 symbols, 97–102, 174 using graphic styles, 94–97 using with Flash Catalyst, 174–185 using with Flash Professional, 211–216 Illustrator artwork. See also graphics; images buttons, 80 exporting to FLA, 125 exporting to SWF, 125 importing into Flash Catalyst, 174, 175 importing into Photoshop, 204–205 layer visibility and, 80 modifying, 212–216 placing vs. pasting, 125 using in Flash Catalyst, 174–185 image handling, 137 images. See also graphics; Illustrator artwork adding to slideshows, 198–200 aligning, 199 button. See buttons formats, 12 importing. See importing links, 198–199 poster, 10–12, 43–44, 48 resolution, 125, 127, 137 importing content into Flash Catalyst, 147, 150 Flash animation into InDesign, 217 Illustrator artwork into Photoshop, 204–205 Illustrator content into Flash Catalyst, 174, 175 layer considerations, 157–159 motion presets, 69 Photoshop content into Flash Catalyst, 150, 157–159 InDesign animation capabilities, 52–54, 217 buttons included with, 83–87 exporting to SWF from, 126–129 InDesign documents. See also documents adding hyperlinks to, 193–197 adding videos to, 210–211 adjusting layout, 123, 188–191 dimensions, 122–123, 189–190, 218 importing Flash animation into, 217 print, 123, 188–193 InDesign libraries, 83 Interactions panel, 154, 164, 169 interactive page curl, 127–128 interactivity, 127, 137, 146 intranets, deploying to, 130–131 J JavaScript, 52 JPEG compression, 129, 137 JPEG format, 129, 137 jumpline hyperlinks, 196–197 L labels, button, 152, 153, 169, 178 layer comps, 107–111, 205 layers button, 101–102 in Flash Catalyst, 157–159, 167, 173 groups, 156, 158, 173 importing and, 157–159 multilayer buttons, 103–113 in Photoshop, 157–159, 173 styles, 103–111 visibility of, 80, 89, 113, 157, 161 Layers panel, 105 Layout Adjustment feature, 123, 188–191 Library panel Flash Catalyst, 174, 180 Flash Professional, 141 Line tool, 64 Link Harmony Colors icon, 99 linked items. See also hyperlinks images, 198–199 table of contents, 26–28 to video, 13 web links, 25, 36, 219 Index226 Links panel, 44, 91, 198 Live Corners option, 93 Live Preflight feature, 188 M Macromedia, 2 mailto format, 83, 116, 118 masks, vector, 103, 112, 202 master objects, 125–126 master pages, 29, 113, 205–208 media, 127, 137 Media panel, 10–14, 210 Media Player, 24 monitor resolution, 122–123 Motion Editor panel, 143–144, 214 motion paths, 6, 7, 61–67, 209–210 motion presets, 5–6, 64–69, 140, 214 Motion Tween controls, 213, 215 mouse, two-button, 85, 87, 88 mouseovers, 42, 78 .mov extension, 40 movie clip symbols, 137, 140, 212 movies. See video MP3 format, 48 MP4 format, 40 MPEG format, 40 multimedia, 39–49, 91, 124, 137 multimedia files, 10–14, 127, 130 multistate objects, 119, 198–200, 220 N navigation considerations, 219 options for, 22–23 page transitions. See page transitions navigation buttons. See also buttons actions. See button actions adding to master pages, 113, 205–208 creating button art in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205 creating for online documents, 25, 28–31 creating in Photoshop, 201–205 in Flash Catalyst, 163–167 rollover effects, 31–33, 58 navigation controls, 117, 219 navigation points, 44–46 navigational bars, 83 navigational controls, 24–38 New Hyperlink dialog, 195–196 next page buttons, 23, 70–72, 204, 208 Normal button state, 80, 81, 85, 88, 90, 92 O Object Layer Options command, 80, 81, 110, 112 Object States panel, 200 Object Styles panel, 14–17 objects adding on top of video content, 47–48 adding to all states, 170 aligning, 15 animated. See animation converting to buttons, 30, 46, 200 graphic styles, 94–97 master, 125–126 multistate, 119, 198–200, 220 naming/renaming, 4, 13 repositioning, 47 rotating, 47 states, 14–17 On Blur event, 77 On Button event, 55, 58–59 On Click event, 55, 57–58, 76, 77 On Focus event, 76 On Page Click event, 55, 56–57 On Page Load event, 55–56 On Release event, 30, 76, 77, 78 On Roll Off event, 76 On Roll Over event, 55, 58, 76 opacity, 62, 102 Open File action, 119 Options setting, 129 P Page Anchor option, 193 page curl effect, 70–72, 126, 127–128 page dimensions, 122–123, 189–190, 218 Page hyperlink destination, 115 page numbers, 85 Page Range option, 126 page transitions considerations, 219 duration, 172, 173 exporting and, 73–74, 127 fading, 171–172, 173 in Flash Catalyst, 170–173 previews, 72, 73 smooth, 172–173 working with, 70–74, 127 pages alternate content, 160–163 automatic numbering, 85 Index 227 continuing across multiple, 196–197 creating pages/states, 160–163, 178–180 facing, 205 Go To Page option, 30, 83, 85, 115 master, 29, 113, 125, 205–208 rasterizing, 129 spreads, 8, 88, 191–192 transitions. See page transitions vs. states, 160 pages/states, creating, 160–163, 178–180 paragraph styles, 28 Paste dialog, 213 pasteboard, 48 Path Selection tool, 202 paths Bézier, 5, 61, 63 clipping, 202 motion, 6, 7, 61–67, 63, 209–210 selecting, 202 patterns, 107–108 PDF actions, 119 PDF files button events for, 76–77 embedding SWF files in, 24 interactive, 38, 48 layer visibility and, 80 placing InDesign pages via, 89–90 saving as Photoshop PDF, 112 PDF format, 38, 39, 119 PDF-Only actions, 119 Pen tool, 65 Pencil tool, 65 Photoshop blending modes, 102–103 button creation, 201–205 creating button art in, 102–112 import options, 158–159 importing Illustrator artwork into, 204–205 layer considerations, 157–159, 173 saving as Photoshop PDF, 112 Photoshop files blending mode attributes, 102 in Flash Catalyst, 157–173 importing into Flash Catalyst, 150, 157–159 layer visibility and, 80, 157, 161 placing vs. pasting, 125 pixels, 189 Place dialog, 89–90, 96 Place PDF dialog, 89–90 play controls, 7, 8–10 Play on Page Load option, 217 playing animations, 8, 9, 10 PNG format, 137 poster images, 10–12, 43–44, 48 Poster option, 217 preflight errors, 188 presentation, 20–22 presets animation, 74 document, 21 motion, 5–6, 62–69, 140, 214 zoom, 119 Preview panel, 7–8, 72, 88, 193 previews animation, 7–8 checking documents with, 88, 193 keyboard shortcuts, 88 page transitions, 72, 73 previous page button, 23, 29–30, 204 print documents, 20–22, 123, 188–193 print/web projects, 188–193 project checklist, 218–220 project folders, 130–131 Projector files, 132 projects deployment, 24 distribution, 130–132 exporting to SWF, 218–220 print/web, 188–193 Properties panel Flash Catalyst, 150–152, 164–165, 168 Flash Professional, 141 .psd extension, 80 Publish to SWF/AIR command, 154–155, 173, 216 Q quality, JPEG, 129 QuickTime files, 40–41 R raster effects, 94, 129 Rasterize Pages option, 129 Recolor Artwork dialog, 98–100 Rectangle tool, 103, 150–151, 152 resolution considerations, 122 export options, 129 graphics/images, 125, 127, 137 monitor, 122–123 Index228 Resolution option, 129 _Resources folder, 130 RGB color, 94, 122, 124, 174, 191 RIA (Rich Internet Applications), 146 Rich Internet Applications (RIA), 146 rollover effects, 31–33, 58 Rollover state, 77, 79, 81, 85, 88–90, 208 Rounded Rectangle tool, 103 ruler guides, 177, 189 rulers, 171, 180, 213 S Sample Buttons library, 83–87 Save As command, 16, 69, 123, 212–216 Scale option, 74 scripting ActionScript, 2, 140, 143, 212 AppleScript, 52 JavaScript, 52 sample scripts, 52–54 VBScript, 52 scroll panels, 175–178 Select tool, 150–153, 169, 176, 180 Selection tool, 213 servers, deploying to, 131 shadow effect, 105, 106, 157, 211 Shape layers, 112, 202 shapes buttons, 92–93, 152 constraining, 202 drawing, 152 vector, 201 sharpness, 112 Shockwave Flash. See SWF Show/Hide controls, 31, 32, 33, 79, 80, 118 Shuffle option, 192 Size option, 127 slideshows adding images to, 198–200 creating, 198–200 multistate objects, 14–17 Smart Guides, 116–117, 200 snippets, 198 software requirements, ix sound. See audio Sound action, 119 spot colors, 124, 191 spreads, page, 8, 88, 191–192 sRGB color, 191 stage, 141 states. See also button states adding objects to, 170 creating pages/states, 160–163, 178–180 objects, 14–17 Rollover, 81, 85, 88–90, 208 vs. pages, 160 streaming video, 46 stroke attributes, 94 styles buttons, 111 fonts, 191 graphics, 94–97 layers, 103–111 paragraphs, 28 Styles panel, 105 swatches, color, 100, 191 Swatches panel, 191 SWF actions, 118–119 SWF files companion HTML files, 38 deploying, 130–132 emailing, 24 embedding in PDF files, 24 exporting, 2, 136, 139 playing in Media Player, 24 viewing in Web browsers, 24, 25, 26 SWF format exporting finished projects to, 218–220 exporting Illustrator content to, 125 exporting to, 36–38, 40, 126–129 SWF-only actions, 119 symbol libraries, 98 symbols, 97–102, 174 Symbols panel, 97–98, 212 T table of contents, 23, 26–28, 114–115 text animating, 209–210 captions, 200 on curved path, 65 Flash Classic Text, 129, 137 Index 229 size, 191 Text Anchor hyperlink destination, 116 Text Anchor option, 193, 195 text frames converting to buttons, 92–93 creating in Flash Catalyst, 151, 169 Text Layout Framework (TLF), 137 Text option, 129 text tools, 167, 169, 176 Timeline, 141 timeline controls, 171, 213–216 Timeline tab, 213–215 Timelines panel, 148, 170–173, 180–181 Timing panel, 8–10, 68 TLF (Text Layout Framework), 137 Tools panel, 103–104, 167, 168 Transform Proxy option, 93 transitions in Flash Catalyst, 170–173, 180–182 page. See page transitions transparency, 102–103, 124, 129 transparent backgrounds, 127 transparent effects, 191 triggers animation, 55–62 button. See button triggers event, 6–7, 55–62, 76–82 hyperlink, 195 “Twinkie finger,” 87 two-button mouse, 85, 87, 88 Type tool, 151 U Underline option, 194 Up state, 77 URL hyperlink destination, 116 URL hyperlinks, 194–195 URLs converting to hyperlinks, 36 Go To URL action, 83, 86, 91, 118, 154, 180 viewing in web browsers, 24, 25, 86–87, 118 V VBScript, 52 vector art, 122, 174 vector edge, 112 vector masks, 103, 112, 202 vector shapes, 201 video, 40–48 adding objects on top of, 47–48 adding to InDesign documents, 210–211 colorizing, 47 considerations, 219 embedding, 13 exporting for Flash output, 16 fade-ins, 13 links to, 13 navigation points, 44–46 placed, 11, 12 posters, 43–44 QuickTime, 40–41 streaming, 46 triggering with buttons, 45–46, 59, 210–211 working with, 10–14 Video action, 119 video formats, 40–42 View SWF after Exporting option, 74, 127 View Zoom action, 119 W Web deploying to, 130–131 repurposing print documents for, 188–193 viewing SWF files on, 26 Web browsers Flash Player plug-in, 131 Go To URL action, 86–87, 91, 118, 180 viewing SWF files, 24, 25, 26 Web hosting server, 131 Web intent, 122 web links, 25, 36, 219 Web styles, 111 web/print projects, 188–193 workspaces Flash Catalyst, 147–149 interactive, 3 interactive for PDF, 3 listed, 3 Z zoom controls, 119 zoom options, 115 zoom presets, 119 Watch read create Meet Creative Edge. a new resource of unlimited books, videos and tutorials for creatives from the world’s leading experts. creative edge is your one stop for inspiration, answers to technical questions and ways to stay at the top of your game so you can focus on what you do best—being creative. all for only $24.99 per month for access—any day any time you need it. peachpit.com/creativeedge Thank you for purchasing this digital version of: Fearless Flash The print version of this title comes with a disc of lesson files. 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Legal Notice: Peachpit Press makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to this software, its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will Peachpit Press, its distributors, or dealers be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential dam- ages arising out of the use or inability to use the software. The exclusion of implied warranties is not permitted in some states. Therefore, the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty provides you with specific legal rights. There may be other rights that you may have that vary from state to state. The software and media files are copyrighted by the authors and Peachpit Press. You have the non-exclusive right to use these programs and files. You may use them on one computer at a time. You may not distribute the URL to third parties or redistribute the files over a network. 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You may not modify or translate the software or media, or distribute copies of the software or media without the written consent of Peachpit Press.Fearless FlashClaudia McCueHow to Use Adobe InDesign CS5 and the Tools You AlreadyKnow to Create Engaging Web ExperiencesFearless FlashClaudia McCueThis Adobe Press book is published by Peachpit.Peachpit1249 Eighth StreetBerkeley, CA 94710510/524-2178510/524-2221 ( fax)Peachpit is a division of Pearson Education.For the latest on Adobe Press books, go to www.adobepress.comTo report errors, please send a note to errata@peachpit.comCopyright © 2011 by Claudia McCueProject Editor: Susan RimermanProduction Editor: Lisa BraziealDevelopmental/Copy Editor: Erfert FentonTechnical Editor: Jean-Claude TremblayProofreader: Scout FestaIndexer: Karin ArrigoniCover Design: Aren HowellCover Illustration: Giovanni MeroniInterior Design: Kathleen CunninghamNotice of RightsAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic,mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Forinformation on getting permission for reprints and excerpts, contact: permissions@peachpit.com.Notice of LiabilityThe information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has beentaken in the preparation of the book, neither the author nor Peachpit shall have any liability to any person orentity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the instructionscontained in this book or by the computer software and hardware products described in it.TrademarksAdobe, Creative Suite, Flash, Flash Catalyst, InDesign, Illustrator, and Photoshop are either trademarks orregistered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. All othertrademarks are the property of their respective owners.Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed astrademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Peachpit was aware of a trademark claim, thedesignations appear as requested by the owner of the trademark. All other product names and services identifiedthroughout this book are used in editorial fashion only and for the benefit of such companies with no intention ofinfringement of the trademark. No such use, or the use of any trade name, is intended to convey endorsement orother affiliation with this book.ISBN-13: 978-0-321-73482-2ISBN-10: 0-321-73482-39 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1Printed and bound in the United States of AmericaFor my North StarivTable of ContentsIntroduction viiWho Should Read This Book viiiWhat You’ll Get Out of This Book viiiWhat This Book is Not ixSoftware Requirements ixAbout the Exercise Files xAcknowledgements xChapter 1 Meet Your New Toys 1Let’s Go Exploring 3Looking Ahead 17Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation 19Presentation 20Navigation 22Deployment 24Adding Navigational Controls 24Exporting to SWF 36Chapter 3 Multimedia 39Video 40Audio 48Chapter 4 Animation 51What Can Be Animated? 52Events 55Motion Presets 62Page Transitions 70Chapter 5 Button Up 75Button Events 76Button Appearance 82Creating Button Art in Illustrator 93Creating Button Art in Photoshop 102Button Actions 113Table of ContentsvChapter 6 Exporting and Deployment 121Off to a Good Start 122Graphics 123Exporting to SWF From InDesign 126Deploying SWF Files 130Wrapping Up 133Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional 135Preparing for Flash Professional 136Lost in Translation 139Editing in Flash Professional 141Don’t Be Afraid of Code 144Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst 145The Flash Catalyst Workspace 147Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 149Planning for Flash Catalyst 156Building on Photoshop Files 157Building on Illustrator Files 174Chapter 9 Putting It All Together 187Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 188Adding Hyperlinks 193Multistate Objects: Creating a Slideshow 198Photoshop: Making Buttons 201Adding Navigation Buttons 205Assigning Actions to the Navigation Buttons 208Animating a Headline 209Adding a Video 210Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 211Importing Flash Animation into InDesign 217Exporting the Finished Project 218Wrapping Up 220Index 221Where are the Lesson files 231Table of ContentsThis page intentionally left blankMore than once, I had sworn “I am going to learnhow to use Adobe Flash.” I had resolved to branchout from my lifelong print-centric comfort zoneand get hip. So I’d crank up Flash, meditate on theinterface that looked so little like my old friendsPhotoshop and Illustrator, and say to myself, “I thinkI’ll go do some laundry.”I secretly envied designers who could make theircontent wiggle and bark, and dreamed that somedayI’d be able to do that, too. But, frankly, Flash intimi-dated me.Then along came Adobe InDesign CS5, with a heftyarsenal of new interactive tools, accompanied by thenew Adobe Flash Catalyst CS5—both refreshinglycode-free.Suddenly, there was hope.Introductionviii IntroductionWho Should Read This BookIf you’re a print designer who has memorized most of the Pantone colornumbers but has no idea what hexadecimal color codes are, being able touse familiar tools to create interactive content would be a new lease on yourprofessional life. If you’re feeling a bit obsolete when you see coders whip outonscreen magic, don’t give up. You don’t have to completely retrain your brain.As a print designer, you’ve accumulated years of design savvy, honed yourvisual instincts, and practiced your production chops. And not a minute ofthat experience will be wasted when you begin designing pages for the Web.You don’t have to start over; you can hit the ground running, because youalready know how to use the foundation tools in InDesign, Photoshop, andIllustrator. And even though you’ve never used it, you’ll find the Flash Catalystinterface friendly and intuitive.Instead of having to switch gears completely, you can build on what youalready know, and apply your capabilities to interactive projects. This bookcan get you off to a good start on your new adventure.What You’ll Get Out of This BookWhile there isn’t room in this book to walk you through every single featurein InDesign, Photoshop, Illustrator, Flash Catalyst, and Flash Professional,you’ll pick up valuable new techniques for adding interactivity, including:■ Awakening InDesign’s secret built-in Animation Encyclopedia■ Animating InDesign page content with motion presets■ Controlling the speed and play order of animations■ Creating and applying custom motion presets■ Creating custom button artwork in Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign■ Importing video content and controlling poster and player options■ Exporting to Flash Professional (and learning what’s lost in translation)■ Editing animations in Flash Professional■ Using the intuitive Heads Up Display in Flash Catalyst to turn Illustratorand Photoshop documents into interactive projects■ Refining your files for online, in-house, or disc deploymentAnd you’ll do all of this without writing a single line of code!ixWhat This Book is NotWhat I hope you get out of this book is a sense of relief (This isn’t so hard afterall!) and a bit of inspiration (This is actually fun!).What This Book is NotThis book doesn’t presume to teach you design principles. I’m a mechanic,not a designer. You’re the designer. All I can provide is insight into the innerworkings of these tools. I’m counting on you to make it look good!This is not a programming book. It’s devoted to helping you avoid writingcode. But don’t let that scare you away from the more technical possibilities.Mere mortals can learn ActionScript and make Flash Professional sing. I’vewritten JavaScript to enhance Adobe Acrobat forms, and I am definitely not aprogrammer. It may be that this book will whet your appetite and inspire youto dig deeper into what you used to think were foreign territories. That wouldmake me proud.Software RequirementsUnless you’re planning on just reading this book at the beach (unlikely), you’llneed all the appropriate software to play along. The following Adobe applica-tions are used in the exercises:■ InDesign CS5■ Photoshop CS5■ Illustrator CS5■ Flash Catalyst CS5■ Flash Professional CS5If you have Adobe Creative Suite 5 Design Premium or Adobe Creative Suite 5Master Collection, you have all the necessary software.As for hardware requirements, as long as you have sufficient horsepowerto run the required software, you’re fully equipped. It wouldn’t hurt to havesufficient RAM that you can run several applications simultaneously, andthere’s no such thing as too much hard drive space. See www.adobe.com/products/creativesuite for official system requirements.If you have your own Web site, you’ll be able to upload finished project filesand test them. If not, you can test them on your own computer.x IntroductionAbout the Exercise FilesThe exercise files used in this book are organized by chapter on the CD. Youcan copy them all to your hard drive before you start working, or copy theexercise files for each chapter as needed. (Note: There are no exercise filesfor Chapter 6.) Because you will be working on and saving components ofprojects, then combining those components into finished work, it will beeasier (and saner) to work off your local hard drive rather than trying to workoff the CD. Most of the exercises include final versions of the working filesand final exported SWF files so you can check your work. There is no home-work, and there are no tests (unless you count your boss asking, “Hey, since Igave you that book yesterday, can you have that interactive portfolio ready inthe morning?”).All fonts required by the exercises are installed with Creative Suite 5, so youshould not encounter any “missing font” messages unless you’ve manuallymodified your repository of fonts.While you’re welcome to rework and experiment with any content in theexercises, please don’t use any of the images or artwork commercially.AcknowledgmentsWhen I first saw the interactive features in InDesign CS5 and met the newkid on the block, Flash Catalyst, I was smitten. I thought, “I should write abook.” So I have to thank the gifted Adobe software wizards who somehowmanage to think up compelling new features with every release. I’m con-vinced they have access to alien technology. (Have you seen Content AwareFill in Photoshop CS5? I rest my case.)My thanks to Susan Rimerman for thinking this book might be a good idea,and for exercising industrial-strength patience. It was a treat to work onceagain with Lisa Brazieal as production editor. Jean-Claude Tremblay wasinvaluable as an eagle-eyed technical editor, and offered indispensable insightinto Flash Professional. I owe him something a bit more tangible than gratitude.(I only hope he doesn’t say, “Oh, a Lamborghini will do.”) And while beingedited might be an unconventional way to gain a new friend, that’s whathappened as a result of having the delightful Erfert Fenton as an editor. I hopeto actually meet all these people someday.Chapter 1If you’ve been using Adobe InDesign to create pagesfor print, you’re probably comfortable with InDesign’sinterface and way of thinking. So don’t be hesitantabout branching out into the new interactive featuresof InDesign CS5; theyll feel immediately familiar to youeven if you’ve never used any other tool to create ani-mation or interactive content. That’s the whole idea!Meet Your New ToysChapter 1 Meet Your New Toys2Think of this chapter as a sort of warm-up lap to introduce you to the newtools you’ll be using. As you explore the new panels and features, you’ll addanimation and interactive elements to a lesson file and discover how painless(and fun) it can be. You’ll learn how to apply and modify motion animationto make a headline drop gracefully into a page, how to import and play video,and how to preview your work before exporting. You’ll even make a slideshowfrom simple graphic frames.In later chapters, you’ll go into more depth with the tools you meet in thisone, and before you know it you’ll be a whiz at bringing pages to life!Before you venture into the brave new world of interactivity, it’s helpful to knowthe meaning of a couple of important acronyms. Here’s your decoder ring:FLA: The native format of Adobe Flash Professional. FLA files can be edited inFlash Professional, but can’t be viewed online. Think of FLA files as the work-ing format for Flash; they must be exported to the SWF format for viewing.SWF: The letters stand for ShockWave Flash, the origins of which go backto a product called FutureSplash Animator, which was a competitor toMacromedia’s Shockwave. When FutureSplash was acquired by Macromedia,its name was truncated to Flash. Flash forward (so to speak) to 2005, andFlash becomes an Adobe product. The SWF format can be viewed in AdobeFlash Player (formerly the Adobe Shockwave Player), but cannot be editedin Flash. SWF files can include hyperlinks, animations, movies, sounds, pagetransitions, and buttons.InDesign CS5 can export FLA (editable Flash) files, which can then be fur-ther edited in Adobe Flash Professional. You’ll discover, though, that someof the behaviors created in InDesign can only be replicated or modified inFlash Professional by using a Flash-specific programming language calledActionScript. ActionScript allows you to manipulate objects and the Flashtimeline to control behavior and interactions with objects. If you wish to gobeyond the Flash capabilities of InDesign CS5, you’ll need to dedicate timeto learning Flash and ActionScript. While ActionScript is beyond the scopeof this book, I’ll recommend some resources later for those who want to digdeeper.InDesign CS5 can also export SWF files, which can be viewed online andplaced into other InDesign files or Adobe PDFs, but can’t be modified in Flash.However, SWF files can be imported into a Flash project as components.Let’s Go Exploring 3Since this book is largely focused on the Flash creation features of InDesignCS5, we’ll concentrate mainly on the tools for Flash content. But we’ll alsoexplore the additions to the PDF creation options so you’ll be comfortableregardless of the export format you choose. As you’ll discover, while there issome overlap between the capabilities of the SWF format and those of inter-active Adobe Acrobat PDFs, Flash/SWF features are richer and more flexiblethan those supported by interactive PDFs alone. I’ll discuss the differencesbetween SWF and interactive PDF capabilities later in this book.Let’s Go ExploringIt’s time to explore InDesign’s new interactive panels. They’re easy to spot.Choose one of the new workspaces—Interactive or Interactive for PDF—andthere they are (Figures 1.1 and 1.2).Figure 1.1 (left) Choose thenew Interactive workspaceto see panels appropriate forcreating Flash content.Figure 1.2 (right) Choosethe new Interactive for PDFworkspace to activate panelsappropriate for creatinginteractive PDFs.The new additions are Animation, Media, Object States, Preview, and Timing.(Bookmarks, Buttons, Hyperlinks, and Page Transitions are not new to InDesignCS5.) To access panels that govern interactive functions, choose Window >Interactive; all the necessary panels are available through a submenu.Now we’ll take a look at the new panels that create and control interactive fea-tures; we’ll explore all the interactive panels (old and new) in later chapters.Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys4Animation PanelUsing the controls in the Animation panel, you can name a target objectsomething meaningful (rather than just “rectangle” or the filename of agraphic), apply one of the many motion presets, specify when the animationis triggered and how it will play, scale the object over the course of the anima-tion, and even control its opacity. Any object in an InDesign document can beanimated; you can create flying text frames, graphics that slowly become fullyopaque, even objects that twirl around.Object Name If an object is a frame containing a placed graphic, it’s initiallyidentified in the revamped Layers panel by the filename of the graphic. Butyou can change this to something more meaningful by renaming the objectin the Layers panel or the Animation panel. Because you might use a buttonor other trigger to activate the animation of this object, you should give it aname you’ll remember later. And if you plan to place a graphic several timesin a spread, but want to have each instance do something different, eachframe will need its own unique name.Now you’ll explore the important sections of the Animation panel byadding some animation to an object in a project. To get started, copy theCh_1_Exercise folder to your hard drive.NOTE: Initially, the Animationpanel does not display theProperties controls. Click thesmall triangle to the left of theProperties label to reveal thebottom half of the Animationpanel. You’ll want access to theProperties controls frequently,so this may be your preferredmode for the Animation panel.Object nameMotion presetsEvent triggerPreview Delete animationPlay controlsPropertiesShow animation proxy Show timing panel Convert to motion pathLet’s Go Exploring 5Motion Presets In this exercise, you’ll use the Animation panel to make aheadline drop in from the top of the screen. The headline starts life as a simplebit of Adobe Illustrator artwork, but you’re going to make it fly!1. Launch InDesign CS5, and open the file VintageAd_start.indd. If youcan’t see any of the pasteboard above the page, zoom out a bit.2. Choose File > Save As, and save the file as VintageAd_working.indd.3. Choose the Interactive workspace; you can choose Window > Workspace >Interactive, or choose from the Workspace pull-down menu near the rightside of the Control panel.4. Click the Animation panel button to expand the panel. Click the trianglenext to the Properties control at the bottom of the panel to reveal allthe options.5. Choose the Selection tool (hereinafter referred to by its common name,“black arrow”), and select the Vintage Motocross headline. Note thatin the Animation panel it’s identified by the artwork filenameVintageHeader.ai.6. In the Animation panel, change the name of the object to Headline, andthen choose the Fly in from Top motion preset. The Animation panelshows a quick preview at the top, giving you an idea of what the motionpreset does; a purple butterfly (a nod to InDesign’s original icon/mascot)drifts gracefully down from the top of the panel. Notice the green anima-tion line that appears above the headline artwork in the document page;this represents the start and end points for the fly-in motion.7. You can preview the results of the animation settings by clicking the smallPreview icon ( ) at the lower-left corner of the Animation panel; youshould see the headline fly in from the top (Figure 1.3). You can pull onthe corners of the Preview window to make it larger.Figure 1.3 Test youranimation in the Previewpanel. You can also launchPreview from the Animation,Timing, and Buttons panels.TIP: The animation line is aBézier path, which means thatyou can edit its shape withthe Pen tool. If you want toexperiment, just select theanimation line with the DirectSelection tool (white arrow),then switch to the Pen tool toadd curvature. Whee!Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys68. If you want to change the speed of the headline’s fly-in, experiment withthe Duration settings in the Play Controls section of the Animation panel.You can even loop the fly-in (but that’s a cruel thing to do to the end user).Event Trigger By default, animations play automatically when the page isdisplayed, but animations can be triggered by other events, such as the clickof a button. In the Vintage Motocross file, there is a custom animation al-ready in place, but it doesn’t yet have any trigger to set it in motion. You’ll fixthe animation so it’s triggered when the page is displayed.1. In the Layers panel, click the eyeball visibility control to show the wheellayer, and then click the triangle to the left of the layer name to expandthe display of the layer’s contents. There’s only one object in the layer, anIllustrator file named BikeWheel.ai. Click the small square to the right of theBikeWheel.ai entry in the layer to target the bike wheel artwork. If necessary,zoom out to see the wheel artwork in the pasteboard to the right of the page.2. Select the wheel with the black arrow, and you’ll see the curving green linethat indicates a custom motion preset (Figure 1.4). In a later exercise,you’ll create your own custom motion preset; any path can become a mo-tion guide for an animation.3. In the Animation panel, note that the preset is labeled as Custom, but there’sno event listed as a trigger to start the animation. Click the small downward-pointing triangle next to the word Choose to select On Page Load from thepull-down menu that appears (Figure 1.5). Set the Duration to 3.5 seconds.Figure 1.4 Select the wheelart to view the custommotion path.Let’s Go Exploring 7Figure 1.5 Choose On PageLoad to trigger the wheelanimation. Note the otheroptions available.4. Click the Preview icon at the bottom left of the Animation panel to openthe Preview panel and see the results. Note how the wheel follows thecurving motion path.5. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section.Play Controls While the canned motion presets are a great start, you’lloften want to modify the behavior of an animation. You can control theduration, repetition, and pace of the animation with the play controls in theAnimation panel.1. If necessary, reselect the wheel and open the Animation panel. If theProperties section of the panel is hidden, click the triangle to the left ofthe Properties control to display the additional controls.2. Change the Speed setting to Ease Out and preview the result. Notice howthe wheel slows down before it comes to a stop, rather than moving at auniform speed.3. Change the Rotate attribute to -180°—now the wheel will spin slowly duringits animation. Change the Duration to 5 seconds, and preview the result.4. Set the Opacity to Fade In and preview the change.5. Change the Opacity back to None (meaning that there will be no opacityeffects), and then change the Scale setting to 50% and preview the results.The wheel looks like it’s bouncing away from you as it moves from rightto left.6. Save the file, and leave it open for the next section.Preview PanelAs you add more complexity to interactive documents, you may wish to con-centrate on the behavior of a single object, or test links that jump to otherspreads in the file, or hyperlinks that lead to Web sites. By default, the PreviewTIP: Pull the Preview panelloose from the panel dock sothat it’s a floating panel, andpull on its corners to increaseits size. That way, every timeyou choose to preview byclicking the Preview icon in theAnimation, Timing, or Buttonspanel, you can keep the originalpanel open while previewing.Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys8panel shows the current spread, but you can change that. It also offers navi-gation controls, allowing you to page through a multipage document to testinternal links. In addition, the Preview panel warns you if links are missing,or if any content is incompatible with the Flash Player (Figure 1.6).1. Select the wheel, and choose the Preview Selection option ( ) andclick the Play button ( ) in the Preview panel. Only the wheel animationappears in the Preview panel.2. With the wheel still selected, choose the Preview Spread option ( )and click the Play button again to see the entire page in action. Sincethis document has only one single-page spread, the Preview Documentbutton ( ) won’t be helpful. (Although it might seem odd to refer to asingle page as a spread, that’s how InDesign thinks of a single, non-facingpage. You can have from one to ten pages in a spread. If you wish to view thebehavior of the entire document—for example, to test cross-references—the Preview Document option is very helpful.)3. Keep the document open for the next section.Timing PanelAnimations play in the order in which they were created, which is not alwayswhat you want. You may want to change the order of animations, or havemultiple animations play simultaneously. The Timing panel (Figure 1.7) helpsyou control the order in which animations play, and gives you the option ofsetting a delay between a triggering event and the beginning of an animation.Figure 1.6 Preview panelcontrols and optionsPlay previewClear previewGo to previous spreadGo to next spreadPreview documentPreview spreadPreview selectionMissing link or incompatibility with Flash PlayerLet’s Go Exploring 91. In the Layers panel, click the visibility control for the video layer, andthen click the triangle to the left of the layer name to display the objects inthe layer. The only object is the filmstrip artwork, Filmstrip.ai. Click thesmall square to the right of the Filmstrip.ai name to target it. Because thefilmstrip art is the only object in the video layer, you can also Option-clickor Alt-click the layer name; this selects all objects in a layer. The blackfilmstrip art looks static, but it is set to fade in slowly.2. Preview the animation by clicking the Play button in the Preview panel, orby clicking the Preview icon in the Timing panel. Notice that the filmstripfades in before the headline and wheel animations occur. You’ll changethat in the following steps.3. Select the filmstrip art and look at its behavior in the Animation panel; it’sset to use the Fade-in preset, with a custom duration of 1 second.4. Open the Timing panel (Window > Interactive > Timing). The Filmstrip.aiart is first in the list, so it plays before the headline and wheel animationsstart. Change the order of animations by dragging the Filmstrip.ai objectto the bottom of the list (Figure 1.8). Now it will play after the headlinedrop and wheel-roll are finished. Test the results by clicking the Previewicon in the Timing panel.5. You’ve corrected the order in which the animations play, but now there’san awkward delay before the filmstrip art appears. In the Timing panel,select the BikeWheel.ai object, and then Shift-click the Filmstrip.ai object.Click the Play Together icon ( ) at the bottom of the Timing panel.Preview the new timing; now the filmstrip fades in as the wheel rolls, butits appearance covers up the last bit of the wheel’s trip across the page.Figure 1.7 The Timingpanel lets you control theorder of animations, as wellas add delays. You can setmultiple animations to playsimultaneously.Preview Play separatelyPlay togetherFigure 1.8 Change the orderof animations by draggingthe Filmstrip.ai object tothe bottom of the list in theTiming panel.Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys106. If you play the filmstrip after the wheel, it’s too late. If you play the filmstripsimultaneously with the wheel, it’s too early. What’s the “just right” solution?Add a little delay to the filmstrip’s appearance. Select the Filmstrip.ai objectin the Timing panel, and set the Delay to 1.75 seconds (you can use the up/downcontrols to the left of the Delay field rather than bothering with typing).7. Preview the new setting and see what you think. The filmstrip fades in justas the wheel disappears behind it. While it might seem counterintuitive toplay two animations simultaneously while adding a delay to one of them,sometimes it’s the easiest way to exercise granular control over what playswhen. Save the file and leave it open for the next section.Media PanelInDesign CS5 allows you to import high-quality video and audio, and makes iteasy to add professional-looking play controls. The Media panel (Figure 1.9)gives you control over the appearance and behavior of multimedia files.As with animations, you can control what triggers the multimedia contentto play. You can also add a poster to represent the multimedia in the page ifyou want to control its appearance. A poster can be a frame from the video, aFigure 1.9 Use the Mediapanel to control the behaviorof placed audio and videofiles. You can even addnavigation points to a video,which can be triggered bybuttons or events.Place video from urlSet options for PDF exportPlace video or audio filePreviewPlay movie previewPlay on page loadChoose posterControllerAdd/removenavigation pointsNavigation pointsLet’s Go Exploring 11high-resolution image to represent an audio or video file, or InDesign’s defaultgraphic placeholders.1. In the VintageAd_working.indd file, target the video layer. You’ll place avideo on top of the filmstrip art. Choose File > Place, navigate to theCh_1_Exercise folder, and select moto1.f4v. Click in the page to placethe file on the filmstrip art. Select the video with the black arrow and,using the mouse or your keyboard arrows, position the outline of thevideo so it looks like a frame in the filmstrip (Figure 1.10).2. Now you’ll experiment with the four options InDesign offers for the rep-resentation of the video in the document. If necessary, select the placedvideo with the black arrow, and choose the None option in the Posterpull-down menu in the Media panel. To see how the video will appearin the final export, press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation.Because (oddly) there is no option in the Media panel to automaticallylaunch Preview, the keystroke-combo method is easier than accessing thePreview panel manually. The green outline and diagonal lines disappear,and there’s no indication that a video exists in that location. To play thevideo, the end user would have to accidentally click the video’s location,or you’d have to provide some other guidance (such as a caption or a click-able button that plays the video). There’s such a thing as being too subtle;you need to help the end user find content and interactive features ifthey’re not obvious.3. InDesign offers built-in generic filmstrip artwork to represent a video. Ifnecessary, reselect the video, and then choose the Standard option fromthe Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. Press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Previewpanel and run the animation. As before, the green frame and diagonallines disappear because they’re just indicators of the area of the video(Figure 1.11). If you didn’t have the cute Illustrator filmstrip artwork, theStandard option might be OK, but there are more attractive options.4. If necessary, select the placed video with the black arrow, and then choosethe From Current Frame option in the Poster pull-down menu in theMedia panel. By default, InDesign displays the first frame of the video,but you can select any frame. You can drag the little slider underneaththe preview pane in the Media panel to find a frame you like, or you canstep back and forth through the frames one by one by using the left andright arrow keys on your keyboard. There’s a nice frame at the 00:06.63 markFigure 1.10 A placed videoinitially just indicates the areaoccupied by the file. The greenframe and stripes do not printor appear in exported files.Figure 1.11 The Standardposter displays a whiterectangle containing afilmstrip icon.Figure 1.12 The CurrentFrame represents the videowith a frame you choose fromthe video.Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys12(Figure 1.12). To designate the chosen frame as the poster, click the pair ofcurly arrows to the right of the From Current Frame pull-down menu. Tosee how the video will appear in the final export, press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Previewpanel and run the animation.5. If you want a different image to represent the video in the document, youcan choose any PSD, TIFF, PNG, JPEG, or GIF image for placement (youcan’t use Illustrator AI or EPS files, though). When you place the image,you can then reposition and scale it as you would any image. It will seemas though you actually have two items occupying the same frame in thedocument: the video, and the image representing it.If necessary, reselect the placed video with the black arrow, and select theChoose Image option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel.Navigate to the Ch_1_Exercise folder and select MoviePoster.psd. If nec-essary, choose Object > Fitting > Fill Frame Proportionally (Figure 1.13).Play the preview to check the results. The new poster lets the viewer knowthey should click to play the video; however, if they click immediately theymight miss the descending headline and bouncing wheel. Instead, it wouldbe nice if the image faded in after the headline, wheel, and filmstrip art.6. Look in the Animation, Media, and Timing panels; there’s no way to address thespeed or timing of the appearance of the poster image, since it’s more orless considered a decoration for the video. So you’ll have to cheat. Since aposter can’t be animated, you’ll remove it from the video. Select the framecontaining the video and poster and choose the None poster option in theMedia panel.7. Choose File > Place, and then choose MoviePoster.psd. Now you’re placingit as a graphic, not as a poster attribute for the video, so you can handle it abit differently. Position it appropriately on top of the filmstrip art. It should fitnicely, since its size was set to match the pixel dimensions of the video, butof course that’s not necessary. In the Layers panel, drag the MoviePoster.psdobject below the moto1.f4v video object (Figure 1.14); otherwise, thevideo won’t be clickable. Keep the poster frame selected for the next step.Figure 1.14 Make sure thevideo is above the poster instacking order, or it won’t beselectable or clickable.Figure 1.13 You canrepresent the video with anyimage. Here, the image alsoacts as a hint that there’s avideo in the document.Let’s Go Exploring 138. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade-In preset, and leave the othersettings at their defaults. Look in the Timing panel: The poster image fadesin last because it’s last in the list of animations. The default timing worksnicely, but you can modify it if you like. Press Command-Shift-Return(Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel andrun the animation.9. It would be nice to add a play controller to the video so the end user canplay, pause, and stop the video. InDesign provides a number of prebuiltcontroller skins for you to use. In the Layers panel, click the small triangleto the left of the name of the video layer to display all the objects in thelayer. Target the video by clicking the small green square to the right ofthe video’s name, <moto1.f4v> (or just select the video in the documentwith the black arrow). In the Media panel, choose SkinOverAllNoCaptionfrom the Controller pull-down menu, and select the Show Controller onRollover option (Figure 1.15). (The rollover option causes the controllerto appear when the user mouses over a running video; it does not causethe controller to appear if the user mouses over the area of the video be-fore the video has been triggered to run.)Figure 1.15 InDesign offersan extensive selection ofcontroller skins that allow theend user to play, pause, andstop the video.You can embed video for viewing in a SWF or interactive PDF, or you can in-clude external links that refer to the video file. While external links mean thatyou don’t have to host (or include) the video file, this method can complicatedeployment if the target video is moved or deleted.While InDesign allows you to place a number of multimedia formats, the ap-propriate format for your project depends on how you plan to export it, andthe capabilities of your proposed audience.TIP: You can name any objectin the Layers panel. By default,geometric shapes are namedby their species (rectangle,ellipse, etc.), and placed graph-ics are named by their filename,but you can modify the nameof any object. Just select theobject in the Layers panel, waita second, and the name willhighlight for retyping. This canhelp you retain your sanity in avery complex document.Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys14While you can place multimedia files in Flash Video (FLV, F4V), H.264-encoded files (for example, MP4), QuickTime (MOV), AVI or SWF format, onlycertain types (FLV, F4V, SWF, MP3, MP4) are supported by Adobe Flash Playerversion 10 or later.QuickTime (MOV), AVI, and MPEG are supported in exported interactivePDFs, but not in exported Flash (SWF or FLA) files.For maximum flexibility, stick with the FLV and F4V formats for video, andthe MP3 format for audio, and educate your potential audience so they cantake advantage of rich media. Gently suggest (or insist) that they adopt themost recent version of Adobe Flash Player. Provide links for the currentdownload for the free Flash Player.Object StatesMultistate objects consist of groups of multiple frames linked together by acommon behavior; their appearance can be triggered by external sources,such as buttons. One of the most common uses for multistate objects is tocreate slideshows. The Object States panel (Figure 1.16) allows you to addor delete states, and to control the visibility of the multistate object until itis triggered.Figure 1.16 Multistateobjects consist of multipleframes that are all governedby an external trigger, such asa button.Delete stateNew statePaste copied objects into current stateLet’s Go Exploring 151. You’ll convert several graphic frames into a single multistate object,which will be controlled by two clickable buttons. In the Layers panel,select the slideshow layer and click the small triangle to the left of thelayer name to reveal all the objects in the layer. Click the small square tothe right of the object named <moto_1.jpg>. Holding down the Shift key,click <moto_2.jpg>, <moto_3.jpg>, and <moto_4.jpg>. Alternatively,since the moto images are the only objects in the slideshow layer, you canOption/Alt-click the small square to the right of the slideshow layer namein the Layers panel.2. Using either the Align controls in the Control panel or the Align panel(Window > Object & Layout > Align), align the top and left edges of thefour selected frames (Figure 1.17). You don’t need to group the objects;just keep them selected for the next step.3. In the Object States panel (Window > Interactive > Object States), clickthe Convert Selection to Multistate Object button ( ) at the bottom ofthe panel. Name the new multistate object motoslides.4. Now you’ll set up the yellow triangle buttons to page through the slide-show created by the multistate object. (Later in the book, you’ll learnhow to create and control buttons. In this document, you’ve been given ahead start; the buttons are already in place, and you’ll just have to add theappropriate actions.) Select the left triangle, and then open the Buttonspanel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Name the button prev, and thenclick the small plus sign to the right of the word Actions. Choose Go toPrevious State from the pull-down menu. The Object pull-down shouldautomatically read motoslides, since it’s the only multistate object inthe document.Figure 1.17 Shift-click to target andselect the four moto images in theLayers panel (left), and then aligntheir top and left edges (below).Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys165. Select the right yellow triangle and then follow the steps above, but assignthe Go to Next State action. By default, the slideshow will cycle when theend user clicks the buttons; you can restrict this by checking the Stop atFirst State option. For this document, leave that option unchecked. SeeFigure 1.18 for the correct settings.6. Reselect the motoslides multistate object if necessary, and then Shift-click to select the two triangular buttons on either side of the slides.Group all three objects together, and then preview the results; you can testthe buttons in the Preview panel. (It’s not necessary to group the objectsfor functionality; the buttons will recognize their target by object namewhether they’re grouped or not. But grouping ensures that the arrange-ment of objects will be maintained if you click accidentally. Additionally,if the entire slideshow-and-button assembly is grouped, you could addanimation to the whole shebang at a later time.)7. Now—finally!—you’ll export your project and view it in a browser.Save your working file, and then choose File > Save As and name the fileVintageAd_final.indd. Create a folder (say, on your desktop), then returnto InDesign and choose File > Export, choosing Flash Player (SWF) for theexport format. Make sure the default View SWF After Exporting optionis checked, leave everything at the defaults, and click OK. Your defaultbrowser should launch, and you can test all the features you’ve created.You’ll see the headline descend, and the wheel bounce in from the right.Play the video, experimenting with the controller. Cycle through the slide-show, making sure the buttons work as you expect.Isn’t that cool? And you didn’t have to write a single line of code!Figure 1.18 Use thesesettings for the trianglebuttons that will allow theend user to cycle throughthe slideshow.17Looking Ahead8. Open the folder you created, and view the directory structure and filesthat were created as you worked on your project (Figure 1.19). InDesigncreates a “host” HTML file to contain and display the SWF in a browser;if you’re curious, open the HTML file in a text editor to see what’s inside.It may look foreign if you’ve never looked at HTML code before, but it makessense to a developer who might build on this basic start (or start fromscratch). The entire folder should take up less than 1.5MB of disk space.Looking AheadIn future chapters, we’ll dig deeper into the functions of the interactive tools;the more you know, the more fun you can have. It’s also important to considerthe end user’s experience. For truly successful deployment of your interactivecontent, you have to anticipate the user’s needs and reactions to your inter-active documents. This can mean a lot of hard work on your part in order tomake it much easier for the person on the other side of the screen. Later on,we’ll tackle best practices and deployment issues to get you headed in theright direction.Figure 1.19 View the filesthat were created when youexported the project to SWF.This page intentionally left blankChapter 2Designing for onscreen viewing is a bit different fromdesigning for print. It’s not just a matter of switchingto a horizontal format; you have to simplify presenta-tion and help the end user find a logical path throughthe content. As the content creator, you have to workreally hard to make things very easy for the user. Youhave to anticipate the user’s needs to ensure that theirexperience is positive. While the goal is still to presentinformation in an attractive way, the approach has tobe a bit different in terms of presentation, navigation,and deployment.Basic Interactivityand Navigation20 Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and NavigationPresentationThe readers of a printed piece are viewing content by reflected light; if text ishard to read, they can seek a brighter reading light (or stronger glasses). But theviewer of onscreen content has limited options; they’re unlikely to fiddle with themonitor resolution or brightness to read small or illegible text. It’s up to you toanticipate the user’s viewing conditions and compensate for the realities ofonscreen viewing.View a PDF of a printed piece onscreen, and you’ll start to get an idea of someof the differences between printed and onscreen documents. Open the fileBF_Print.pdf in the Ch_2_Exercise folder (Figure 2.1).WelcometoBaker-FeldmanCity ParkEnjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park.Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery!Figure 2.1 A four-pagebrochure that’s appropriatefor print needs to bereformatted horizontally foreffective onscreen viewing.21PresentationStart thinking about what you’d change if you were repurposing this contentfor a better onscreen viewing experience. Whether you’re planning to createFlash, PDF, or HTML content, the issues are largely the same. Here are someconsiderations:■ Use a horizontal format. This is perhaps the most obvious differencebetween print and onscreen viewing. Most print materials follow a verti-cal format, which doesn’t always translate comfortably to the horizontalformat of computer monitors. Plan your design with the horizontal formatin mind; it will dictate your layout as well as your choice of content. Forexample, landscape-format images may fit into your design more easilythan tall, narrow graphics (see Figure 2.2).Welcome toBaker-FeldmanCity ParkEnjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park.Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery!Click here to get started...■ Use a screen-appropriate page size. Just switching a letter-sized or A4page to landscape mode isn’t quite the answer. Even though most usershave a reasonably sized monitor that’s capable of at least 1024 by 768resolution (and many have monitors capable of even higher resolutions),filling the entire area of that screen isn’t necessary (or optimal). InDesignoffers several default document presets that are appropriate for Web-based viewing.Figure 2.2 The same content,formatted for onscreenviewing. Note the largergraphics, simpler text, andhorizontal page format.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation22■ Shorten the line length of text. Readers are more comfortable withshorter line lengths (3 to 6 inches), even when reading printed content.Do a little experiment: Open a few magazines and books, and take note ofyour own reading experience. You’ll find that when you’re traversing longerlines, you use a few extra microseconds to find the start of the next line.Shorter line widths yield easier reading. Of course, this can require morevertical scrolling or multipage navigation if you have lots of text. This leadsto the next point...■ Simplify editorial content. Unless you’re being paid by the word, figureout a way to say more with less. Write more concisely. Replace a long para-graph with a well-crafted bullet point. Let headlines do some of the talking.Move secondary content to another location, and provide links for readerswho want to dig deeper.■ Ensure readability with legible text. Minimum text size should be 10or 12 points. While serif and sans serif fonts are equally readable at largersizes, sans serif fonts are more reliable at smaller sizes, especially whentext is white or light-colored on a dark background. Text size and stylesaren’t the only issues; contrast and color also play a part. Charcoal graytext on a black background may look chic in a printed piece, but onscreenviewing benefits from higher contrast. Red text on a green background is,well, just plain cruel.■ Link to a printable version. If you feel it’s necessary to provide thereader with a print-oriented version (for example, to include a larger,more detailed map), include a link to a downloadable PDF.NavigationReaders don’t need to be educated about how to read a book. When readinga novel, they know to start at the front cover and proceed toward the back(and the surprise ending). In a reference book, the table of contents is theprimary navigational aid. For a reader thumbing through a book, chaptertitles may be enough guidance. Rarely does a book consist of one long, unin-terrupted flow of text; there are logical divisions to the content. In an onlineenvironment, you have to lead the viewer through your information so theyfollow a logical path. And you have to provide a clear method of navigatingnonlinear content so they can find what’s important. A SWF or interactivePDF file launches somewhat like a book, but the reader can’t just thumbthrough it to get an aerial view. It’s up to you to provide a road map. Thinkabout some of the options:23Navigation■ Use a hyperlinked table of contents. A table of contents (TOC) doesn’thave to be formal, with extensive descriptions and page numbers. Think ofthe TOC as the 10,000-foot view, giving the reader an idea where the majortopics are to be found. Hyperlinked entries let the reader jump to the sub-ject that interests them, without having to wade through other topics first.InDesign can generate a table of contents based on paragraph styles used inthe document, and the TOC is automatically hyperlinked to the content itreferences, whether you export to SWF or interactive PDF. Bonus: Clickablebookmarks are generated from TOC entries in an interactive PDF.■ Use cross-references. If portions of the content are interrelated, providecross-references to enable the reader to quickly jump to related sections.InDesign CS5 makes this fairly easy, allowing you to create dynamic linksbased on text anchors or text tagged with paragraph styles.■ Create hyperlinks. You can manually create hyperlinks to content withinthe same document (similar to cross-references, above) or to Web ad-dresses that provide additional information. You can also use the hyperlinkformat to provide e-mail links for your readers.■ Provide navigational aids. If a document is just a single run of text con-tinued across multiple pages, it may be obvious to the reader that whenthey’re finished reading the content of one page, they should go to thenext page. But how do they get there? The page curl page-turning effectincluded in InDesign’s default SWF export options is cute, but unless theuser already knows that the corners of the page are “hot spots” that pro-vide a mechanism for turning pages, he’s doomed to stare at the same pageforever. Help the reader by providing unambiguous controls, such as previ-ous page/next page buttons, and a “home” button to take them back to acomfortable starting point, such as the first page or the table of contents.■ Test your document. You’ve been looking at your project for so long thatyou don’t have to think about the content or its presentation, so perhapsyou’re not the best judge of whether it’s intuitive to navigate. Enlist an inno-cent bystander to test the navigability of the document. Do they need to betold what to click? Do they immediately understand the controls? If not, per-haps you need to make the controls simpler and more obvious, or providean introductory page that explains the document’s structure and naviga-tional controls. If possible, choose a control subject who’s typical of yourpotential audience; don’t expect your Aunt Ruth to make sense of a highlystylized presentation intended for your design peers. (Although chances areif she can find her way around, almost anyone can. No offense to Aunt Ruth.)Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation24DeploymentOnce you’ve finished your interactive creation, the next step is to get it outinto the world so other people can appreciate it. When content creation andtesting are finished, it’s time to export to SWF or interactive PDF. (Since thisbook is about Flash content, we’ll limit this discussion to the SWF file format.)You have several options for deploying SWF files:■ Post the file on the Web and provide the URL so users can view it in a Webbrowser (if they have Adobe Flash Player installed).■ Send the SWF on disc or as an email attachment and instruct the recipientto download and install the latest Flash Player (http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer). The user can then launch a browser and view the locallystored SWF file.■ Send the SWF file to users with Adobe Media Player (http://www.adobe.com/products/mediaplayer); they can open and play the SWF directly inMedia Player.■ Embed the SWF file into a PDF and send the PDF to users with AdobeAcrobat 9 Standard or Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro, or Adobe Reader 9. Whileusers of version 6.0 of Acrobat Standard, Pro, or Reader can view embed-ded video content, they must have the appropriate multimedia viewerinstalled (such as QuickTime or Windows Media Player). A multimediaviewer is built into Reader and Acrobat 9, so no external player is required.You can embed a SWF file in a PDF by opening the PDF in Acrobat 9 Proand using Acrobat’s multimedia tools. Alternatively, you can place the SWFinto an InDesign CS5 document and export to interactive PDF. In eithercase, the PDF must have Acrobat 6 (PDF 1.5) or higher compatibility; sup-port for embedded video and Flash content was introduced with Acrobat6.0. (While earlier versions of InDesign allow the placement of SWF con-tent, you may find that the SWF does not play correctly in the exportedPDF. So stick with InDesign CS5 for best results.)Adding Navigational ControlsNow you’ll open a file in progress and add cross-references and navigationbuttons to help the end user get around. You’ll also create a Table of Contentsstyle so InDesign can generate an automatically hyperlinked table of contents.You’ll create a rollover effect that allows the user to display additional content.And you’ll be pleasantly surprised at how easy all of this is.Adding Navigational Controls 25To view the final version of the project, launch a Web browser with the cur-rent version of Adobe Flash Player installed, navigate to the Finished folderinside the Ch_2_Exercise folder, and open index.html. (If you’re using AdobeMedia Player, just open the SWF file in that folder, bfpark.swf.) Page throughthe document, and try out the buttons that take you to the previous or nextpage, as well as the Home button that takes you back to the table of contentson the “Learn About the Park” page. Try out the links in the table of contents,and test the cross-references (e.g., “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4”) on the“About the Park” page. Do you think the various navigational controls do agood job of leading you through the document?If you click the URL on the Directions page, you’ll receive an alert (Figure 2.3).You won’t see this alert if you’re viewing a Web-hosted SWF in a browser. Thisis meant to protect you from malicious code being invoked by a link in a SWFfile. If you wish to examine your current Flash Player Security settings, clickthe Settings button.Figure 2.3 Attempt to exercise aWeb link in a locally stored SWF, andyou’ll be intercepted by the FlashPlayer Security alert. Click the Settingsbutton to launch the Settings Manager.When you click the Settings button, you’ll be taken to a Web page andprompted to change your local Flash viewing settings (Figure 2.4). As the linkitself informs you, what looks like just a screen shot at the top of the page is infact the Flash Player Settings Manager.Figure 2.4 The Settings Managerallows you to control how Web linksare handled while you’re viewing aSWF file.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation26If you’d prefer to not alter your Flash Player settings (and, for safety’s sake, it’sa good idea not to), but would like to test the URL hyperlink, you can viewthe SWF on the Web rather than locally: http://www.practicalia.net/bfpark.Notice that the document contains the same material as the printed piece, butredesigned for onscreen viewing.Generating a Table of ContentsWhile a table of contents might seem like a print-centric concept, it can servea valuable purpose in a multipage interactive file. With just a bit of work upfront, InDesign can generate a table of entries that are automatically hyper-linked to content in the document (hence the term table of contents). You’reabout to see how easy it is to build a table of contents—and the secret ingre-dient is the paragraph style.1. Launch InDesign CS5. If you haven’t already copied the Ch_2_Exercisefolder to your hard drive, do that now. In the Ch_2_Exercise folder, openBF_Start.indd. Save the file as BF_Working.indd in the same folderbefore you start modifying it.2. First, you’ll create a table of contents that will provide dynamic linksenabling the reader to jump to topics within the document. InDesign usesparagraph styles to identify text to be harvested for a TOC. Navigate topage 3, select the Type tool, and click in the text “About the Park.” ChooseWindow > Styles > Paragraph Styles. In the Paragraph Styles panel, theTopics paragraph style is highlighted. That’s the style you’ll be lookingfor as you construct the TOC. Don’t worry, InDesign will do all the heavylifting for you.3. Go to page 2; this is where you’ll place the TOC text. Choose Layout >Table of Contents Styles.4. In the Table of Contents Styles panel that appears, click the New button.Creating a new style allows you to name the style and leave the Defaultstyle untouched. The New Table of Contents Style dialog appears(Figure 2.5). Click the More Options button so you see the panel inthe mode shown below.Adding Navigational Controls 27Use the following settings:■ In the Title field, delete the default text; InDesign won’t generatetitle text.■ In the Include Paragraph Styles section, select the Topics style in theright column and click the Add button (or just double-click the Topicsstyle name; you may have to scroll down in the list to find it). Thistells InDesign, “Find all text tagged with the Topics style and add itto the TOC.”■ Tell InDesign how to format the TOC content. For Entry Style, chooseTOC Entry (a style already created in the document), and for PageNumber, select No Page Number.Click OK. At this point, you’ve created the recipe InDesign uses to gener-ate the TOC, but you haven’t set things in motion yet.5. Now you’ll generate the TOC text. Choose Layout > Table of Contents.In a case of page-layout déjà vu, it seems that you were just here a minuteago. It’s InDesign’s polite way of saying “I know you want to make a TOC,but here’s one last chance to change your settings.” Click OK, and InDesigngives you a loaded text cursor.Figure 2.5 Setting up theTable of Contents style.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation286. Click inside the ghosted text frame and view the table of contents. If youhave a red overset text indicator, don’t panic—it’s just a leftover paragraphreturn. While it won’t result in an incorrect link, it may mess up the verti-cal alignment of the TOC within the frame, so it’s worth fixing. ChooseType > Show Hidden Characters so you can see the extra paragraphreturn, and then select and delete it.7. To test the table of contents links, open the Preview panel (Window >Interactive > Preview), and click the Preview Document Mode button ( ).This allows you to view the entire document, rather than just the currentspread, and lets you test internal document links. Click the Play button( ) in the Preview panel to build the preview. The first page appears,and the Luna moth flies across from right to left. Using the page con-trols at the bottom of the Preview panel, go to page 2, and then click thePark Activities link; it should take you to page 5 of the document in thePreview panel.8. You knew to click the TOC link because you were instructed to do so;a reader might not suspect that they should do that. That’s why there’sa bit of instruction above the ghosted text frame: “Click to view topics.”Include such little bits of guidance in your own documents so the unsus-pecting reader knows what to do. All of your work in creating the TOCwould be lost if the reader had no idea the entries were clickable.Now you see why paragraph styles are for more than just controlling theappearance of text; they’re also a mechanism for tagging text so you can useit as the basis for a TOC. And in an upcoming section, you’ll use paragraphstyles as part of creating cross-references. Save the file, and keep it open forthe next section.Creating Navigation ButtonsReaders can use the clickable TOC entries to get to a specific topic in thedocument, but what if they just want to page through the document on theirown? How can they get back to the TOC? InDesign can include cute little“page curl” effects on the corners, but unless the user suspects that the pagecorners are hot spots, this isn’t helpful. And the page corners don’t offer anyway to pages other than the previous or next page. You need to provide amore flexible system of navigation.Buttons can act as triggers for a wide variety of functions, and can changetheir appearance based on their state (up, down, rollover). You’ll spend moreAdding Navigational Controls 29quality time with buttons in a later chapter, but this exercise will let you getacquainted with some of the possibilities buttons afford.1. If necessary, navigate to page 2. Open the Layers panel (Window > Layers),and make the Buttons layer visible by clicking in the “eyeball” columnof the Layers panel. Three buttons appear on the page; currently, they allhave the same appearance, but you’ll change both their appearance andtheir function.2. You can’t select the buttons on page 2; the dotted border indicates thatthey are master page items (Figure 2.6). You could unlock the buttonsand modify them, but then you’d have to do the same thing on all pages.It makes more sense to just edit the buttons once on the master page.In the Pages panel (Window > Pages), double-click the A-Master pageicon. Now you can edit the buttons’ appearance, and give them somethingto do.3. All three buttons use the same Adobe Illustrator artwork, NavButtons.ai.While each button could have been created from a separate Illustratorfile, stacking up all the artwork in one file means you just have to manageone file. You can use Object Layer Options in InDesign to control layervisibility within Illustrator, Photoshop, and placed PDF files. Select theleft button, and then choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the ObjectLayer Options panel, turn off the visibility for the next and home layers,leaving only the prev layer visible (Figure 2.7), and then click OK.Figure 2.7 Use ObjectLayer Options to control thevisibility of layers in Illustrator,Photoshop, or PDF files.4. Select the right button, and use Object Layer Options to turn off the homeand prev layers, leaving only the next layer visible. The middle button’sappearance is OK as it is, so you don’t have to do anything to it yet.5. Now the buttons look the part, but they aren’t truly buttons yet. The“prev” button will take readers to the previous page, the “next” button willtake them to the next page, and the “home” button will take them backto the TOC page. Select the “prev” button, and then open the ButtonsFigure 2.6 Because thebuttons are master pageobjects, they can’t be editedon the document pagewithout unlocking.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation30panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). To convert the selected object toa button, you can either choose Object > Interactive > Convert to Button,or click the Convert to Button icon ( ) on the bottom of the Buttonspanel. (You can also select the object in the page, and then right-click andchoose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu thatappears.) Now the Buttons panel comes to life, and you can give the buttonsomething to do.6. Name the button prev rather than using the default name InDesign assigns.For Event, choose On Release; this is the instant you release the mousebutton after clicking, and it’s when a user expects something to happen.Click the plus sign next to Actions, and then select Go To Previous Pagefrom the list of possible actions (Figure 2.8). Notice how many actionsare available, and note that the list contains two sublists: actions that areSWF-only, and actions that are PDF-only. The top part of the list containsactions that work in either export format.Figure 2.8 Assign the Go toPrevious Page action to theOn Release event of the “prev”button.7. Select the “next” button object, and convert it to a button using eithermethod described above. Name the button next, and for Action, choosethe Go to Next Page action. If you like, check your work so far by running apreview in the Preview panel.8. The “home” button will take users back to the TOC on page 2. Convert theobject to a button, and name it home. In the Buttons panel, choose theGo to Page action from the SWF Only portion of the action list, and type 2in the page field. Leave the other settings at their default values.Adding Navigational Controls 319. The cover page will need a “next page” button to lead the reader into thefile, so copy the next button to the clipboard, and then double-click thepage 1 icon in the Pages panel to go to page 1. Make sure the Buttons layeris still targeted in the Layers panel, and paste the button on the coverpage. Reposition the button so it follows the text “Click here to get started...”(Figure 2.9).10. Test all your buttons in the Preview panel, and fix anything that’sgone awry. Note that you don’t have to unlock the buttons on the docu-ment pages; they’ll function just fine in all the pages as master objects.If all the buttons are behaving, save the file and leave it open for the nextsection. Or close the file and take a break.Creating a Rollover EffectWhen you want to display multiple large images in a small page, sometimesthe best way is to not show them all at once, but provide small thumbnails astriggers to display the large images one by one, using a rollover effect.A rollover is accomplished by using buttons, and consists of two pieces:a target button to contain the graphic you want to temporarily display, anda button to trigger the appearance of the target button. The mechanism isreferred to as Show/Hide Buttons in InDesign. The effect can be activated byclicking the trigger button, or by rolling over the button area. In this docu-ment, you’ll use the rollover effect.1. Go to page 4 of the document, and open the Preview panel if it isn’t alreadyopen. Change the preview mode to Preview Spread Mode ( ) so you don’thave to wade through the full document preview to see what’s happeningon page 4. Note the instruction built right into the page: “Roll over athumbnail for a larger view.” Test the existing rollovers; as you roll over athumbnail, a larger version of the image appears, accompanied by a textframe with information about the image or the park feature it represents.As you roll over the next thumbnail, the previous large image disappears,because the button action of the thumbnail is set to show one image whilehiding all the other images.2. Now that you’ve seen the desired effect, you’ll set up a rollover action ofyour own. Zoom out until you can see the image and text frame in thepasteboard to the left of the page. Select both frames and group them(Object > Group). Then, move the grouped objects into the page and posi-tion them to match the other large images and text frames. You don’t haveFigure 2.9 The “next page”button on the cover invitesreaders into the document.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation32to be exact—remember, the other frames disappear, so no two framesappear simultaneously.3. The large image and text frame need to become a button so their visibilitycan be controlled by another button—the other half of the two-memberbutton team. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons),and reselect the grouped large image and text frame if necessary. Convertthe group to a button by one of the methods you learned earlier, and namethe button dairy. Check the Hidden Until Triggered option in the Buttonspanel so the image won’t appear until you want it to.4. Now you’ll create the button that triggers the appearance of the dairyfarm image. Select the dairy farm thumbnail (the last image on the rightin the row of thumbnails), and convert it to a button. Name the buttonshowdairy, choose the On Roll Over event, and assign the Show/HideButtons action. Note that this thumbnail button needs to accomplishseveral things. It needs to show the large dairy graphic and it needs toforce any other large graphics to hide, so it needs to address the behaviorof multiple target buttons. The Show/Hide controls can be a bit confusingat first glance, so a decoder can be helpful (Figure 2.10).Figure 2.10 Show/HideButtons controls. The “X”option means “leave it alone.”■ The solid eyeball icon means “make the target button visible.”■ The crossed-out eyeball icon means “hide the target button.”■ The “X” means “leave the target button alone; use its existingvisibility setting.”5. Just setting the target button (dairy) to show isn’t enough. You also haveto hide the other large graphics that shouldn’t be visible when the dairygraphic is visible, and you have to make sure that no other buttons areadversely affected. It’s a bit tedious, especially since the Buttons paneldoesn’t allow you to expand the list of current buttons; you can see onlythree of them simultaneously in the claustrophobic little Visibility sectionRetain button’s existing visibilityHide target buttonMake target button visibleAdding Navigational Controls 33of the Buttons panel. (Let’s hope this is fixed in a future release.) As youscroll through the list of buttons, use the settings shown in Figure 2.11.Essentially, you’re making the large dairy graphic visible, hiding all theother large graphics in the spread, and making sure you don’t accidentallyhide the other thumbnail buttons or the navigation buttons.6. After you’ve set the visibility options for all the necessary buttons, previewthe results. Fix any problems, and preview one last time. Once you get thehang of “hide this, show that,” the creation of rollovers is conceptuallyeasy, if somewhat tedious.7. Whew! This would be a good time for a break. I’m hungry—how aboutyou? Save the file, and leave it open for the next section (or close it ifyou’ve had enough scrolling and clicking for one day).Creating a Cross-ReferenceWhile buttons can lead a reader from page to page, sometimes you want toprovide more specific control. In a printed piece, cross-references can lead areader to related information. They can serve the same purpose in an inter-active document, with one added advantage—cross-references are actuallyclickable hyperlinks that take the reader immediately to the target content.1. Navigate to page 3, and in the bullet point about Lake Baker, note the textin parentheses: “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4.” While you could just typethat text, it wouldn’t translate to a clickable hyperlink in the exportedSWF without some extra work on your part. A cross-reference, however,is easy to generate and automatically becomes a clickable hyperlink.(Subliminal message: Paragraph styles are your friends.)2. Navigate to page 4 to find out how this cross-reference was generated.Because there are multiple frames stacked up on the page, it’s hard to digdown and select the Sunset Cruise frame. But you can get an idea of what’sgoing on. Choose the Type tool, and then click somewhere in the largeitalic Lake Baker text (not the small caption under the thumbnail). Checkin the Paragraph Styles panel or the Control panel, and you’ll see that thetext uses the Subhead paragraph style. You’ll recall from the section oncreating a table of contents that paragraph styles are a tagging mechanism.3. You’ll create a cross-reference that goes hunting for text using the Subheadstyle. Go back to page 3, and zoom in on the bullet point about touringthe authentic turn-of-the-century dairy farm. Switch to the Type tool ifFigure 2.11 Use this asa guide for setting upthe Show/Hide optionsfor the “showdairy”thumbnail button.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation34necessary, and click at the end of the paragraph. Type a space, and thenchoose Type > Hyperlinks & Cross-References > Insert Cross-Reference. TheNew Cross-Reference dialog opens (Figure 2.12).4. In the New Cross-Reference dialog, you specify whether InDesign shouldfind text tagged with a particular paragraph style (the most common op-tion) or text that’s been earmarked as a text anchor (a manually createdtarget). In the Destination section, specify the Subhead style in the leftcolumn, and all paragraphs using that style are then displayed in the rightcolumn. Scroll if necessary in the right column, and select Historic DairyFarm from the list. This creates a dynamic hyperlink between the originof the cross-reference on page 3 and its target on page 4. Leave the dialogopen; you’re going to change the cross-reference format in the next step.5. Click the small pencil icon ( ) next to the Format pull-down so youcan modify the definition for the format of the generated cross-referencetext. The Cross-Reference Formats dialog appears (Figure 2.13). In theDefinition field, click at the beginning of the line of code describing thecross-reference formula, and type an opening parenthesis. Click at theend of the line and type a closing parenthesis. The existing cross-referenceshave manual parentheses, but including them in the cross-referencedefinition can save time in long documents; you’ll fix the manual paren-theses in a bit.Figure 2.12 In the NewCross-Reference dialog, you’recreating a recipe for a cross-reference. Choose a targetparagraph style, and thenmodify the cross-referenceformat if you wish.Adding Navigational Controls 356. Check the Character Style option and choose the x-ref italic characterstyle. Click OK; you can already see the change being applied to thecross-reference entries in the document. Click OK again to exit the NewCross-Reference dialog.7. Delete the extraneous parentheses around the cross-references in the page,leaving only the parentheses that were created by the cross-referencedefinition. Put the Preview panel in Document Preview mode and test thecross-references; clicking one should take you to the target page.8. What happens if the target of a cross-reference changes? That’s the beautyof creating cross-references the way you just did—they’re dynamic. Testthis by going to page 4 and changing the word “Historic” to “Authentic.”Immediately, a yellow alert triangle appears next to the entry in the NewCross-References dialog (Figure 2.14). If the dialog is not showing, chooseWindow > Type & Tables > Cross-References. Click the Update icon ( ) toupdate the cross-reference. Save the file and keep it open; there’s just a bitmore work to do.Figure 2.14 A yellow triangleindicates an out-of-date cross-reference. Click the Update iconto fix it.Figure 2.13 Examine thecode in the Definition field,and it quickly makes sense.Here, you add openingand closing parentheses tothe recipe and specify thecharacter style to be used.NOTE: Occasionally a cross-reference becomes stubborn,and displays a red “Missing”flag, even though it’s only beenmodified. Try undoing yourchange, saving the file, andtackling it again. It usually be-haves the second time around(and no, I don’t know why).Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation36Don’t be intimidated by the Definition field in the Cross-Reference Formatsdialog. If you’re curious, it’s not too hard to look at the definition and the textthat’s generated and figure out how the recipe(see "<fullPara />" on page <pageNum />)translates to:(see “Authentic Dairy Farm” on page 4)Explore the options available via the “plus” and “@” icons next to theDefinition field, too.Creating a Web LinkIf you want to direct the reader to a Web site for more information, it’s easy toprovide a hyperlink in your document. If the text is already in the format of aURL, it’s painless.1. Go to page 6, select the Type tool, and then select the URL text, http://www.bfparkonline.net. You don’t even have to copy that text to theclipboard; just leave it highlighted.2. If the Hyperlinks panel isn’t open, choose Window > Interactive >Hyperlinks. From the Hyperlinks panel menu, choose New Hyperlinkfrom URL. That’s all there is to it—you can see the new hyperlink in thepanel, and you’re done. If you’re curious about the option “Convert URLsto Hyperlinks,” yes, it does indeed search for URL-formatted text in selectedtext, a story, or the entire document, and automatically creates hyperlinksfor you. How cool is that?3. Save the file, and keep it open for the last steps.Exporting to SWFAll the hard work is done; now it’s time to share the results. If you have ahosted Web site, you upload the finished files using your customary uploadprocedures, and view the SWF online. If not, you can view the local file.Exporting to SWF 371. Check your document thoroughly. Set the Preview panel to PreviewDocument Mode, and check all the internal links. Test the buttons androllovers to make sure everything works as it should. Save the file.2. Create a folder named bfpark in the Ch_2_Exercise folder or, if you pre-fer, in another location on your computer. Choose File > Export, navigateto the new bfpark folder, and select Flash Player (SWF) as the format.Name the SWF bfpark.swf and click Save.3. The Export SWF dialog appears (Figure 2.15). Leave the settings at thedefaults, but take this opportunity to familiarize yourself with some ofthe options. Click OK. Because the View SWF After Exporting option ischecked by default, your default browser should launch when the exportprocess is finished, and you can view the results.Figure 2.15 For this document,use the default SWF exportsettings. Make sure theInteractive Page Curl is notchecked.Of course, the animations and some of the rollover effects were already inplace when you began working on this file, but think of the new skills younow have. You can create cross-references, generate a table of contents,assign actions to buttons, and create hyperlinks. You’ll use those tech-niques constantly as you’re bringing documents to life, whether you planto export to SWF or interactive PDF.Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation38Exporting to PDFInteractive PDFs support some of the same functions available in SWF files. There’s agood bit of overlap between the two formats, but they’re not identical. Export yourexercise file to interactive PDF and examine the results.1. Choose File > Export, select Adobe PDF (Interactive) for the format, name thefile bfpark.pdf, and save the PDF in the Ch_2_Exercise folder. Use the default set-tings, and wait for the finished PDF to be displayed. You’ll receive an alert that theGo To Page button action isn’t supported in PDF (Figure 2.16); this refers to the“Home” button that takes readers back to the TOC page. If you intend to exportto PDF as well as SWF, you can provide equivalent functionality by creating aText Anchor hyperlink on the TOC page and setting the Home button’s action toa Go to Destination action with the text anchor as the destination.2. Examine the PDF. While the flying moth and spinning daisy animations didn’tsurvive the trip, the remaining interactive functions work. This gives you someidea of the overlap between SWF and PDF capability (and some of the shortfallsin PDF support).If you want to post your SWF on your own Web site for testing, you may wantto include the companion HTML file that is generated with the SWF; thinkof it as a rudimentary life support system for your SWF, making it easy tolaunch. (And, of course, remember that the graphics and text in the exercisefile are just for tutorial use.)Figure 2.16 You’re warned that the Go To Page button actiondoesn’t translate to PDF. If you wish to export your file to interactivePDF, you can use a Go to Destination action instead.Chapter 3First, a little background on multimedia content inAdobe InDesign.We’ve been able to place video and audio in InDesignsince CS2, when we were thrilled to be able to exportto interactive PDF. However, the PDF format had onelimitation: Before Adobe Acrobat 9, the viewer had tohave an appropriate multimedia interpreter on theirsystem, external to Acrobat. So, for example, if a viewerattempted to play a QuickTime movie embedded ina PDF without the QuickTime viewer installed on theircomputer, they were out of luck. All they saw was anerror message. Acrobat 9 and Adobe Reader 9 rectifiedthis shortfall by including the ability to view videowithout needing an external player.MultimediaChapter 3 Multimedia40In InDesign CS4, we were given the option to export to SWF, but the SWF-inessof the export was mainly limited to cute page curls, clickable buttons, QuickTimemovies, and page transitions. With CS5, you can now export a SWF with fullsupport for the smaller, more modern Flash video formats, as well as MP3audio files. If the viewer has the Adobe Flash plug-in for their browser, they’llbe able to view your multimedia content in its full glory.In this chapter’s exercise, you’ll add video and audio to a promotional piecefor a fictional city’s attractions. You’ll dig a bit deeper into some of the con-cepts you explored in Chapter 1.VideoIf a picture is worth a thousand words, how much is a video worth? A shorttutorial video can clearly convey a complex procedure, often better thanwritten instructions. Or a video can be a great companion to text, bringingthe topic to life or expanding on the written word.Video FormatsInDesign CS5 assumes you’ll want to export to SWF or FLA, so it may displaya cautionary message if you try to place some types of legacy video content,such as older versions of QuickTime (.mov). H.264-encoded content, such asMP4, is OK. AVI and MPEG aren’t supported by Flash, and thus are not viablefor projects you’ll be exporting to FLA or SWF. If you intend to export to SWFor FLA, you should obtain versions of the desired video in an acceptable format,or convert your existing assets to FLV or F4V.If you have Creative Suite Design Premium, Web Premium, or ProductionPremium, you have Adobe Media Encoder (a stand-alone application that isinstalled with Flash, Premiere Pro, After Effects, Soundbooth, and Encore),which will enable you to convert many other video formats to FLV or F4V. Ifyou don’t have Adobe Media Encoder, a quick Web search will unearth a num-ber of media conversion programs, many of them attractively priced at $free.In the first part of this exercise, we’ll look at what happens when you importa video in Ye Olde QuickTime format.1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_3_Exercise folder, and openCityCenterStart.indd. Save the file as CityCenterWorking.indd in thesame folder. Choose the Interactive workspace (or your modified versionof it, if you have moved panels around to suit you).TIP: If you’d like to look at thefinished version of this project,you’ll find the final InDesignfile and the exported SWF (andsupporting HTML file) in theFinished File folder inside theCh_3_Exercise folder.Video 412. Page through the document. Navigation buttons are already in place, andthe table of contents has been automatically generated so that the entrieswill be hyperlinked to their destination in the exported SWF. There arehints on several pages about the media files you’ll place: an audio file onpage 3, videos on pages 4 and 5.3. View page 4 of the CityCenter file. In the Layers panel, make sure themultimedia layer is unlocked and selected. Choose File > Place, navigateto the Multimedia Content folder inside the exercise folder, and selectbutterfly.mov. Because this QuickTime file is ancient (in computer years,anyway), InDesign reacts to it like a two-year-old reacts to broccoli, anddisplays an alert (Figure 3.1). However, you can bully your way past thealert, click Continue, and place the file by clicking in the page. InDesignassumes you know what you’re doing, and allows it because of the possibil-ity that you’re going to export the file to interactive PDF, which supportsQuickTime content (provided the viewer is using Acrobat or Readerversion 9, or has QuickTime installed on their system to serve as an exter-nal viewer).Figure 3.1 Attempt to place avideo in any format other thanFLV or F4V, and you’re advisedthat it won’t be supported byFlash. The QuickTime formatis, however, supported ininteractive PDF, so you willbe allowed to place it despitethe alert.4. After all that, undo the movie import or delete the placed movie. The pre-vious step was just to show you the alert you might encounter, so it won’talarm you in the future. Now you’ll place the actual video, a short pieceshowing otters frolicking. Choose File > Place, navigate to the MultimediaContent folder, and select OtterMovie.f4v. Click in the page (don’t clickand drag) to place the video, and position it in the upper-right corner ofthe page, just inside the top and right edges of the page.5. Open the Media panel (Window > Interactive > Media) to modify the set-tings for the placed movie (Figure 3.2). Since you’ll use a button to triggerthe movie, leave the Play on Page Load option unchecked. Because youdon’t want the movie to cover up the sea anemone photo in the back-ground until it plays, set the Poster option to None. Choose SkinOverAllChapter 3 Multimedia42from the Controller pull-down, and choosethe Show Controller on Rollover option.The SkinOverAll option provides all options,including play, stop, pause, mute, and full-screen play (hence the “all” in the optionname). You may want to experiment withthe controllers to find which ones you findmost useful.6. The text “Play Otter Movie” is in a textframe that has already been converted toa button, but it has no attached action. Inthe Layers panel, unlock the Buttons layer,and select the Play Otter Movie button inthe page. In the Buttons panel (Window >Interactive > Buttons), click the plus signby Actions, and choose the Video option.Since the otter movie is the only video, it’sautomatically selected as the target, and thedefault Play action is selected as the action.Click the Preview icon ( ) in the Buttonspanel, or choose Window > Interactive >Figure 3.2 Choosing the settingsfor the otter movie. Set the Posteroption to None, so the still framefrom the movie doesn’t cover upthe background photograph.Preview to open the Preview panel. Test the button in the Preview panel.Does it launch the video? Roll over the video to see the options offered bythe SkinOverAll controller you chose. Save the file and keep it open.ControllersWhen you place an FLV, F4V, or H.264-encoded file, you can choose from the long list ofcontrollers in the Media panel. The Show on Rollover option displays the controls onlywhen the user moves the mouse over the video (so they don’t obscure the playback).If the video is a legacy file (such as MPEG or AVI), you’ll only be able to add a basiccontroller with play, pause, start, and stop controls (no audio controls). Placed SWFfiles may have their own embedded controller skins. Use the Preview panel to checkcontroller appearance and behavior. Custom controller skins can be created in FlashProfessional, saved as SWF files, and stored in the Presets > Multimedia > FLVPlaybackSkins folder inside the InDesign application folder.Video 43PostersBy default, InDesign represents a placed video by displaying the first frame ofthe video. You can also use the “standard” poster, which is a graphic resemblinga filmstrip. For the otter movie, you set the poster to None so the backgroundphoto wasn’t covered up. There are also other options. You can scrub throughthe video in the Media panel, select any frame in the video, and designate itas the representative poster. As you saw in Chapter 1, you can also specify aseparate image for the poster. This is a great option if you plan to use the doc-ument for both print and Web; you can place a high-resolution poster imageappropriate for print, and the image will be optimized for Web viewing whenthe project is exported to SWF—it’s the best of both worlds. You’ll experimentnow with the poster options for another video.1. Go to page 5 of the CityCenter document. Choose File > Place, navigateto the Multimedia Content folder, select PeacockMovie.f4v, and click tothe left of the large text frame describing the wildlife preserve to place it.(It may take the video a few seconds to “settle in” and allow you to selectit.) Position the video at the lower left of the page, lining up its bottomedge with the bottom of the text frame.2. In the Control panel, choose [Paper] for the stroke attribute of the framecontaining the video. This will add a 1-pixel white stroke around thevideo, to set it apart from the green background photograph. If you like,increase the weight of the white stroke to suit you.3. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead to about the 5.5 second markto show the peacock’s tail facing the viewer (Figure 3.3). Click the UseCurrent Frame icon ( ) to designate the chosen frame as the poster.Check the results in the Preview panel.Figure 3.3 Scrub through the videoto find a better frame to serve as aposter, and pin it down with the UseCurrent Frame icon to the right of thePoster pull-down.Chapter 3 Multimedia444. That’s certainly an improvement, but if this document will be used for bothprint and Web purposes, a high-resolution image might be even better.Before you bring in the image, however, take a look at the Links panel(Window > Links); PeacockMovie.f4v is listed as a link, just like a placedgraphic. This is what you’d expect, but it’s interesting to notice what hap-pens when you assign an image as a replacement poster. If necessary,reselect the peacock video frame and, in the Media panel, select the ChooseImage option from the Poster pull-down. Navigate to the MultimediaContent folder and select PeacockPoster.psd. It’s about the right size tofit neatly in the frame. Now, look at the Links panel. There are two entriesfor the selected frame: one for the video, and one for the imported imageposter (Figure 3.4). Think of them as roommates in the frame.Figure 3.4 Frames containingboth a video and an imageposter are represented by twoentries in the Links panel.5. Choose SkinOverAll from the Controller pull-down, and check the optionfor Show Controller on Rollover (this displays the controller only whenthe viewer mouses over the video while it’s playing; the controller will notshow if the user mouses over the area of the video when it isn’t active).Navigation PointsSometimes you want to draw the viewer’s attention to a particular part of avideo, especially if it’s a long video containing multiple topics or scenes. Youcan add navigation points to a video, which can be invoked by buttons orupon page load to ensure that the viewer sees what you think is important.You’ll create three navigation points: one for the full display of the peacock’stail, one for his distinctive call, and one that shows the beginning of his festivemating dance.1. Select the peacock movie frame. Even though the poster image seems tocover the movie, selecting the frame still lets you address the movie andcontrol its attributes. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead under thevideo preview until you reach approximately the 5.5 second mark. It maybe difficult to move the playhead smoothly; you can use keyboard arrowsto advance/reverse the time in the playback line, but the preview may notupdate. Yes, it’s a little kludgy. Sometimes it’s easier to just play the videoVideo 45in the Media panel and note the timecodefor the moment you want to freeze. Thetime is displayed below the playback line,showing the current time position in thevideo, followed by the total time lengthof the video. Just try to get close to the 5.5second mark on the playback line. Whenyou reach the approximate moment of thepeacock’s tail unfurling for the first time,the readout below the playline will be some-thing like 00:5.55/00:33.53, indicating thatyou’re at the 5.5 second mark of a 33.5 sec-ond video.2. Once you’ve reached the approximate 5.5second mark on the playline, click the plussign below the Navigation Points area tocreate a new navigation point. It’s initiallynamed Point 1, but the name is highlightedso you can immediately rename it. Namethis first navigation point tail feathers(Figure 3.5).Figure 3.5 To create a navigationpoint, scrub to the correct part ofthe video and click the “+” iconbelow the Navigation Points area.3. Scrub to about the 10 second mark on the playline, and create a naviga-tion point for the peacock’s distinctive call. Name this point mating call.If you accidentally create a navigation point that you don’t want, selectthe point in the list and click the minus sign to delete it.4. Create a navigation point at approximately the 23 second mark, to show-case the peacock’s mating dance. He spins to show the back of his splendidtail, and does some fancy wing work. Name this navigation point dance.5. Now, it’s time to trigger the movie at the three navigation points you cre-ated. You’ll accomplish this by creating buttons that become hot spotsover the text on the page. In the Layers panel, target the Buttons layer.Using the Rectangle Frame tool ( ), draw a rectangle around the text“Click here to see the peacock’s beautiful tail.” Make the rectangle largeenough to cover all the text, but keep the bottom of the rectangle veryclose to the baseline of the text. There will be a total of four buttons (oneover each of the last four lines of text). You want them to be large enoughto be easily clicked, but not so large that the user clicks the wrong one bymistake. Keep the rectangle selected.NOTE: You can start playing avideo at a designated naviga-tion point, but you cannot use anavigation point as a stoppingpoint. If users want to stop amovie, they’ll have to use theStop or Pause options in thevideo controller—another goodreason to include a controller.Chapter 3 Multimedia466. In the Buttons panel, click the Convert Object to a Button icon ( ). Namethe button tail, click the plus sign by Actions, and select the Video actionfrom the pull-down list. The peacock video is automatically selected, sinceit’s the only video in the current spread (you can only trigger videos withina current spread). In the Options pull-down, choose Play from NavigationPoint, and select tail feathers from the Point pull-down (Figure 3.6). Testthe button in the Preview panel to make sure it triggers the video correctlyfrom the chosen navigation point.Figure 3.6 Choose the Playfrom Navigation Point optionin the Buttons panel, andthen you can select whichnavigation point to target.7. Now you’ll create a button named play dance for the dance navigationpoint. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to see the peacock’sdance display,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger thevideo at the dance navigation point.8. You’ll create a button named mating call for the mating call navigationpoint. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to hear the peacock’smating call,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger thevideo at the mating call navigation point.9. Create a button named play for the last line of text, “Click here to play thepeacock movie.” This will play the video from the beginning. Test all fourbuttons in the Preview panel, and then save the file and keep it open forthe next section.TIP: InDesign supports stream-ing video in exported SWF andinteractive PDF files. Select anempty frame (or a frame con-taining a local video that youwant to replace), and chooseVideo From URL from the Mediapanel menu. The video formatmust be supported by theFlash Player.TIP: If you duplicate a buttonthat contains an action thattriggers a sound, video, oranimation, the action is auto-matically removed from theduplicate. InDesign seems tofeel that it’s redundant to havemore than one trigger for amultimedia event. Of course,you can manually add theaction to the duplicate.Video 47Adding Objects On Top of Video ContentYou can place objects on top of video content to create interesting effects,such as corner decorations. You can even use this method to colorize partof a video, by applying a blending mode to an overlaying object (thanks toJean-Claude Tremblay for pointing out that trick!). However, at least some ofthe video must be uncovered and clickable—it can’t be completely coveredby an object.1. In the Layers panel, select the multimedia layer. Choose File > Place, navi-gate to the Multimedia Content folder, and select PeacockFeather.psd.Click anywhere in the page to place the image. You’re about to rotate andreposition it.2. Now you’ll rotate the feather clockwise. Just hover your cursor a bit out-side one of the corners of the frame, and a two-headed curved arrow iconappears, indicating that you can now rotate the frame interactively. Thisis much more fun than having to switch to the Rotate tool. Rotate thefeather and position it over the upper-left corner of the peacock videoframe (Figure 3.7).Figure 3.7 Position thefeather over the corner of thevideo frame (we rotated to-58 degrees). It should add abit of visual interest, withoutcovering up importantelements in the video.3. Because the feather, the video poster, and the forest background are sosimilar in color, the artwork sort of all runs together. You’ll add a glowaround the peacock feather to make it easier to see. If necessary, reselectthe feather, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Effects >Outer Glow from the contextual menu. In the dialog that follows, set theOpacity to 70%, and the size to 7 pixels (as always, feel free to stray fromthese settings to experiment). The feather should be more visible now,without being too obvious.NOTE: If you have createdinteractive PDFs, you may besurprised to learn that you canplace objects on top of videocontent in InDesign files des-tined for export to SWF. Acrobathandles video as floating con-tent that appears in front of allother objects (except buttons).Chapter 3 Multimedia484. Test the file in the Preview panel. If the feather is covering up too muchof the video, reposition the feather, reduce its size, or rotate it to a differ-ent angle—or do all three. It’s your project, and ultimately it’s up to you todecide when it looks satisfactory. Save the file and keep it open.AudioIf you place a video containing an audio track into an InDesign file, the soundis not a separate entity; if the video plays, its audio track plays. But sometimesyou’ll want audio accents, such as music or chirping birds, in your projects.Audio Formats and SettingsPicking the audio format is easy: if you’re exporting to SWF or FLA, you canonly import audio files in MP3 format. Other formats are supported only if youexport to interactive PDF. If you have Apple iTunes, Adobe Media Encoder,or Adobe Soundbooth, you can easily convert other audio formats to MP3.Or you can take advantage of the many free (or inexpensive) conversion appli-cations available on the Web.1. Go to page 3 of the document, which displays information about CityCenterPark. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder,select WaterChimes.mp3, and click OK. Place the file anywhere in thepage. While you can choose from No Poster, Standard Poster, or an imagein the Media panel, none of these will make the area of the placed audiovisible or clickable in an exported SWF. This seems to be a bug (it worksas expected in an exported interactive PDF). That’s OK; we’ll cheat.2. In the Media panel, check the options for Play on Page Load and Stop onPage Turn. When the viewer clicks a navigation button at the bottom ofthe page, the audio track will stop abruptly. This is a brief audio clip, butif a long audio clip follows the viewer onto another page, it could still beplaying when another audio or video clip is triggered.3. Go to page 6 of the document. In the Layers panel, unlock the Basics layer.Select the red music clef in the page. In the Layers panel, click the smallred square on the right side of the Basics layer, hold down the mousebutton, and drag the red square up to the Buttons layer. This transplantsthe clef artwork frame to the Buttons layer. Lock the Basics layer andtarget the Buttons layer.NOTE: Sounds can be placedout in the pasteboard and stillfunction in an exported SWFfile. However, a sound in thepasteboard is not included inan exported interactive PDF,and pasteboard contents arenot included when a documentis packaged.Audio 494. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, selectOrchestra.mp3, and click OK. Target the multimedia layer, click in thepage—it doesn’t matter where—and place the sound. When you’re done,target the Buttons layer.5. Rather than have the sound triggered when the viewer reaches this page,you’ll set up a button so the viewer can choose when to listen to the CityCenter Orchestra. In the Buttons layer, select the red music clef frame,right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Interactive > Convert to Buttonfrom the contextual menu. A rectangular hot spot is created, surroundingthe rotated clef frame, and the Buttons panel automatically opens. In theButtons panel, name the button Orchestra, and click the plus sign next tothe Actions label to choose the Sound option. Since the orchestra audio isthe only one in the page, it’s automatically selected, as is the Play option.Make sure that the Play on Page Load option is not selected, and pleasedon’t check the Loop option—that’s just plain mean.6. You’ve been checking your work throughout the project, but it’s alwaysadvisable to export the project and test it in multiple browsers. Save thefile as CityCenterDone.indd in the Ch_3_Exercise folder. Choose File >Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format. Accept the default set-tings, but make sure the Interactive Page Curl option is not checked.7. As you view the project in your default browser, test all the navigationbuttons at the bottom of the page; you’ll learn how to create such buttonsin Chapter 5. Make sure the audio and video content play as you expect.If you need to tweak anything, modify the InDesign file, save it, and re-export it, overwriting the earlier files. When you’re finished, you can saveand close the file.As you’ve seen, it’s as easy to place music or movies in an InDesign documentas it is to place images and text. You can trigger a video with a button or asimple page turn and greatly enhance the user’s viewing experience. And nowyou know it’s much easier than it looks!TIP: Videos and sounds appearin the Timing panel, so theycan be controlled by delay andplaying order options, just likeanimations. You’ll learn moreabout the Timing panel inChapter Four, “Animation.”This page intentionally left blankChapter 4While previous versions of InDesign allowed you tocreate hyperlinks and import video and sound files,the InDesign document itself was static; none of thepage content wiggled or barked. While InDesignCS4 introduced the ability to import SWF files and toexport to the SWF format, the resulting SWF was stilljust a container for content that had to be createdelsewhere. But InDesign CS5 allows you to do so muchmore—now, page content itself can be animated.Here’s where the real fun begins!Animation52 Chapter 4 AnimationWhat Can Be Animated?Any text frame, graphics frame, or empty frame (or group of frames) can beanimated. As you saw in Chapter 3, “Multimedia,” a frame containing anFLV or FV4 video can be animated, but the video inside the frame won’t playuntil the animated frame calms down and stops doing whatever it’s doing.However, remember that a frame containing a placed SWF file can be animated,and the animation inside the frame will play while its container is doingsomething else (as long as something triggers the SWF to play). Think of thefiendish possibilities!Exploring the PossibilitiesThere’s a great little guide to InDesign’s animation capabilities built right intothe application, but you have to do a little digging to find it. First, you have tofind a script that ships with InDesign. The script generates an InDesign docu-ment containing examples of objects using many of the animation controls.You can examine each object’s settings in the Animation and Timing panelsand learn a lot.1. To start your quest for the Animation Encyclopedia (its official name),open the Scripts panel (Window > Utilities > Scripts). You’ll see two folders:Application and User. The User folder stores scripts you download toadd to InDesign’s functionality (the scripts displayed are those installed bythe currently active computer user); the Application folder contains thescripts that ship with InDesign (Figure 4.1).Figure 4.1 Sample scriptsare supplied in two formatsfor Windows (JavaScript andVBScript) and two formatsfor Mac (JavaScript andAppleScript). All applicationscripts are available in bothformats; only JavaScript iscross-platform.2. You’ll have to keep digging. Click the triangle next to the Applicationfolder to view the Samples folder. Here’s where the road forks: If you’reusing Windows, you’ll see subfolders for VBScript and JavaScript; on theMac, you’ll have subfolders for AppleScript and JavaScript. The scriptselection is actually the same in both subfolders, so it doesn’t matterwhich you select for the next step; you’re almost there. Click the triangle53What Can Be Animated?next to JavaScript, VBScript, or AppleScript, and there it is (finally):AnimationEncyclopedia (Figure 4.2).Figure 4.2 You’ll find the AnimationEncyclopediascript in the JavaScript, AppleScript, or VBScriptfolder (depending on your platform). You’ll seeVBScript on Windows, and AppleScript on theMac. JavaScript is cross-platform.3. Double-click the script to run it. InDesign takes the reins and builds asix-page document. It may not look very exciting at first (Figure 4.3),but it packs a secret punch. Preview the document and play along. Someobjects require that you click them or the page, and some will be triggeredwhen the page loads.Figure 4.3 The design of the Animation Encyclopedia may not be compelling, but the beauty isunder the hood. Preview this simple document, and prepare to be amazed.Chapter 4 Animation54The document that’s created is named Untitled.indd; I suggest you save it asAnimationEncyclopedia.indd and put it in a safe place. You can learn a lotabout InDesign’s animation capabilities by examining the settings used bythose little rectangles. Just so you know, page 6 of the document displays verycomplex behavior that’s beyond what you can do with just the animation andtiming settings; it’s accomplished with scripting (as are the Color Fade andCombination effects on page 1). To give you an idea of its complexity, look atan excerpt from the JavaScript version of the Animation Encyclopedia script(Figure 4.4).Don’t freak out—you’re not expected to write code like this! All the behaviorsyou see on pages 1 through 5 of the encyclopedia—and many more—canbe achieved by using the controls and options in the Animation and Timingpanels. The inclusion of the over-the-top performance on page 6 is to exposeyou to the fact that animation, like every other operation in InDesign, is com-pletely scriptable. For this and other reasons, it’s a good idea to befriend ascripter and take him/her to lunch occasionally.Figure 4.4 Scriptingcan accomplish complexanimations far beyond what’spossible with the motion andtiming controls.Events 55EventsAn animation requires two components: the object or objects being ani-mated, and an event to trigger the playing of the animation. The triggeringevent could be the click of a button, a click of the animated object itself, orjust the loading of the page on which the animation was created. Now you’lldo some exploring, so you can see how easy it is to make simple objects doyour bidding.On Page LoadThe default animation-triggering event is the simplest: The animation playswhen the reader reaches the page (or opens the document, if the page is thefirst—or only—page).1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_4_Exercises folder, and openEvents_Start.indd. Before changing anything in the file, resave the fileas Events_Working.indd. If necessary, choose the Interactive workspacefrom the Control panel (unless you have a custom panel arrangement forthe interactive panels and don’t want to alter that).2. Notice the caption beneath each object, describing the trigger that will setthe object’s animation in motion (Figure 4.5). Select one of the objectsand look in the Animation panel; nobody home. You’ll create the anima-tions and set up the event triggers. If you’re curious, you can preview afinished version of the file in the exercises folder (Events_Done.indd).On Page LOad On Page CLiCk On CLiCk(seLf)On ROLL OveR(seLf)On ButtOn event3. Select the green globe with the “On Page Load” caption and open theAnimation panel. Rename the object GreenGlobe. (It’s helpful to giveobjects names you’ll recognize when you set up animations.) While eachobject in this page is unique, how would you address the correct circlein a page full of circles? By its name, of course. By the way, renaming theobject in the Animation panel also changes its name in the Layers panel(and vice versa).Figure 4.5 The caption undereach object specifies the eventthat will trigger the object’sanimation. You’ll create eachanimation behavior and set upthe event triggers.Chapter 4 Animation564. In the Animation panel, choose Fly in from Top from the Preset pull-downmenu. A charming lavender butterfly demonstrates the animation foryou. The Event option should already be set to the default, On Page Load(Figure 4.6). If you don’t see all the options, click the triangle to the leftof Properties to reveal more of the panel. Leave all the other optionsat their defaults. Check the results in the Preview panel (Window >Interactive > Preview). Save the file and keep it open. There’s more funto be had.Figure 4.6 Set the GreenGlobeobject to fly in from the top ofthe page on page load.On Page ClickYou may find that you rarely use the On Page Click event as a trigger foranimation, since a reader probably wouldn’t feel the urge to click the pageunless invited to do so. Artwork or text would have to give the reader a hint,or nothing would ever happen. But you never know when it might come inhandy, so here goes.1. Select the embossed orange square, and then choose Fly Out > Fly OutTop from the Preset pull-down menu (the Fly Out Top option is availablein the submenu of the Fly Out option).Events 572. The Events pull-down menu control isn’t obvious; it’s a tiny triangle aboutan inch to the right of the Event(s) label in the Animation panel, and itcomprises about six pixels. Squint a bit, and you’ll find it (Figure 4.7).The triangle is a small target, but you can activate it by clicking the nameof the existing event: On Page Load. (You can also click a bit to the left ofthe pull-down triangle and activate it.)Figure 4.7 The Event optionsare available when you clickthe tiny triangle to the right ofthe Event(s) option. Could itbe any more subtle?Once you’ve found the miniature triangle, click it and choose On PageClick from the menu.3. IMPORTANT: Choosing the On Page Click option does not override theoriginal On Page Load trigger; this is easy to overlook when you’re in ahurry. Go back to the same menu and select On Page Load to toggle it off .Otherwise, the orange square will fly upward when the page loads, beforethe user has an opportunity to click the page, thus spoiling the surprise. Inthe Preview panel, wait for the green globe to fly in from the top, and thenclick in the Preview panel to set the orange square in motion. Be sure toclick in an empty part of the page (despite the temptation to click on theorange square) to prove to yourself that it’s the page click that does thetrick. Save the file and keep it open.On Click (Self)If you want the reader to click on an object to wake it up, use the On Click(Self) event. The term may seem odd; after all, the object can’t click itself.But it just means that the animation is triggered by clicking the object itself,rather than by clicking an external trigger.1. Select the red heart-shaped object, and change its name to Heart in theAnimation panel. Choose the Pulse animation from the Preset pull-down(it’s in the bottom part of the long list of presets).2. Now that you’ve found the elusive Events pull-down triangle, choose theOn Click (Self) option. Be sure to go back and toggle the default On PageLoad option off .Chapter 4 Animation583. Test the file in the Preview panel; click the heart and watch it beat hyp-notically. If you like, experiment with the duration of the pulse, and setthe number of times to 2 or 3. Remember this around Valentine’s Day (orHalloween). Save the file and keep it open.As with the On Page Click option, something has to lure the reader to clickon the object to trigger its animation. While a “Click Me!” label might be abit inelegant, something must provide a hint, or the heart will never have achance to beat.On Roll Over (Self)Now that you know that “(Self)” refers to the animated object itself, it’s obvi-ous that the On Roll Over (Self) event triggers an animation when the readerrolls over the animated object. You’ll use the rollover event to make the bluehalf-circle spin around.1. Select the blue object, and change its name to HalfCircle in the Animationpanel. Choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, and then choose the Rotate >Rotate 180° CW option from the Preset pull-down menu. Remember totoggle the On Page Load event off. Test the half-circle in the Preview panel.2. Try holding the mouse on the half-circle, and you’ll see that the half-circlekeeps rotating. That’s one oddity about using the rollover event as thetrigger for an animation that keeps an object in the same location: If theuser doesn’t move the mouse away from the object, the animation isrepeatedly triggered. Save the file and keep it open.Note that when you choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, a new optionappears in the Animation panel: Reverse on Roll Off. This would reverse (orundo) the animation move caused by the Roll Over event. For example, if theReverse on Roll Off option is checked and you rotate an object 90 degreesclockwise by rolling over it, the object will rotate back to its original orienta-tion when you roll off it.On Button EventOne of the most common methods you’ll use to trigger an animation is a buttonclick. You must create the animation (even if it’s just a temporary version ofthe animation) before setting up the button, or the button has nothing tohook up to. (In Chapter 5, “Button Up,” you’ll learn how to create cool buttonartwork in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign.)Events 591. Select the purple doughnut shape. Name it Doughnut in the Animationpanel, and select the Grow option from the Preset pull-down. Set thescale factor to 150%, and choose the On Page Load event to toggle it off,in preparation for triggering the growing animation with a button.2. Select the gray button in the bottom right corner of the page, and openthe Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons) to set it up. Choosethe default On Release event, and click the plus sign next to Actions toselect Animation (in the SWF section of the menu).3. Note that when you select the Animation action, the panel changes inresponse, adding a pull-down menu that allows you to select which ani-mation is triggered, and to select from options including Play, Stop, Pause,and Resume. Select the Doughnut animation and the default Play option.Test the file in the Preview panel. Export the file if you’d like to view it ina browser. You’re finished with this exercise, so you can save the file forfuture reference and then close it.Think about how the animated piece is presented, either in the Preview panelor in a browser. You knew where and what to click, because you were addingthe interactive features. But would a reader, stumbling onto your Web page,know where to click? Probably not. This exercise was meant to familiarize youwith the controls and options, not to create a final piece that would be pub-lished online. But when you start creating your own animations, you’ll have toprovide hints to the reader so they don’t miss out on some of the fun, especiallyif the animated objects are hidden when the reader first views the document.Combining AnimationsIf you were intrigued by the multiple behaviors of the object on page 6 ofthe Animation Encyclopedia, but don’t have the time or inclination to learnscripting, you can cheat. I mean, use a workaround.An animated object can be grouped with other objects, and then the group canbe animated, resulting in a second behavior added to the original animation.Buttons can be grouped with other objects in a group that becomes animated,giving you the ability to make buttons move. You can keep nesting animationsinside animations until… well, as long as your conscience will allow.1. In the Ch_4_Exercises folder, open MultiMoveStart.indd. Resave the fileas MultiMoveWorking.indd in the same folder. The objects in the pagehave already been named in the Layers panel, which will save you someTIP: You can also create arelationship between the ani-mation and the button right inthe Animation panel. Click theCreate Button Trigger icon ( )in the Animation panel, andthen click the button that willact as the trigger. If the trig-ger object is not yet a button,you’re given the opportunity tomake it a button.Chapter 4 Animation60time (approximately half a second) when you animate them. If you like,preview the finished version of the project, MultiMoveDone.indd.2. Select the yellow star with a solid red stroke. In the Animation panel,choose the Grow preset, set the Duration to 2 seconds, and set the finalscale factor to 200%. Be sure that the center point is selected in the scaleorientation control ( ) in the Animation panel, so the star scales up fromthe center. Test the growing star in the Preview panel.3. Select the light-blue square, and send it behind the star in stacking order:Object > Arrange > Send to Back. Select the light-blue square and center itunder the yellow star (Smart Guides can make this easy). If you’re not surethe blue square and yellow star are perfectly centered, select them both,open the Align panel (Window > Object & Layout > Align), and use thevertical and horizontal center operations (Figure 4.8). It’s even easier touse the alignment icons in the Control panel.Figure 4.8 Make surethe yellow star is perfectlycentered on the bluesquare by clicking the AlignHorizontal Centers icon andthen the Align Vertical Centersicon in the Align panel.4. Now you’ll start piling on the animations. Group the blue square andyellow star together, and snap the group to the lower-left corner of thepage. In the Animation panel, rename the group StarSquare, choose theFly In From Top preset, and set the Duration to 2 seconds. The intentionis to have the star-and-square group drop in from the top of the page,while the star scales simultaneously. But when you preview the anima-tion, it clearly needs more work. You need to modify the length of thefly-in from the top of the page, as well as synchronize the fly-in and thescaling of the star.Events 615. If necessary, reselect the group so you can see the bright green fly-in path(Figure 4.9). Notice that it has little nodes. Yes, this means that you canedit any motion path. Click the path (the “bulb” at the top is probably theeasiest target), and you’ll see a narrow bounding box appear around thepath. The goal is to stretch the top anchor point on the path up to the topedge of the page. Pull up on the top anchor point—and it snaps back to itsoriginal position. Aargh! (This is a peculiarity of the Fly in from Top andFly in from Bottom presets.)Here’s the trick: Switch to the Direct Selection tool (white arrow). Thebounding box disappears, and the motion path now appears as a hairline.Click on the tiny top anchor point, hold down the Shift key (lest the pathwander left or right), and drag straight up until you touch the top edge ofthe page. You can also set up the length and position of the motion path inthe measurements fields in the Control panel, but you may find selectingand dragging easier and more intuitive.6. The star should grow as the star-and-square group falls from the top ofthe page, so you’ll have to synchronize the star’s growth with the square’sfall. Switch back to the black arrow, and reselect the group. In the Timingpanel, Shift-click to select both the tacky star and StarSquare anima-tions, and click the link icon to synchronize them (Figure 4.10). Now, thescaling of the star and the group’s aerial drop will occur simultaneously.Preview the results, save the file, and keep it open for the grand finale.Figure 4.10 Select the tacky starand StarSquare animations andsynchronize them by clicking onthe small link icon at the bottomof the Timing panel.7. Now you’ll add another animation, to send the star-and-square group flyingoff the page to the right. Select the empty rectangle on the page, and moveit to the lower-left corner so it’s aligned with the star-and-square group;the lower-left corner of the group should be aligned with the lower-leftcorner of the page. Select all the objects and group them (Object > Group).TIP: There’s a shortcut to theTiming panel at the bottom ofthe Animation panel: Just clickthe Timing panel icon ( ).Figure 4.9 The anchor pointsprovide a hint that you canedit the motion path just likeany other Bézier path.Chapter 4 Animation628. In the Animation panel, name the new group FinalGroup, and choose theFly Out > Fly Out Right preset. You’ll have to edit the preset motion pathso that the FinalGroup flies all the way off the right side of the page.9. If necessary, select the FinalGroup object so you can see its bright-greenmotion path. Unlike the Fly in from Top motion path, this path can beedited without switching to the Direct Selection tool (only the Fly In fromTop and Fly In from Bottom presets have this limitation). Select the pathitself, click the green arrowhead on the end of the path, and drag the arrow-head to the right until it’s far enough off the page that the star-and-squaregroup will disappear at the end of its travel. Look up in the Control panel;the total length of the path (the “L” field) should be about 425 px.10. You’ll make one last change; rather than having the star-and-square groupfade out as it exits, you’ll keep it solid. In the Animation panel, changethe Opacity setting from Fade Out to None. Preview the final animation,tweak if you want, and then save and close the file.This is just a simple example, but it gives you an idea of what’s possible with-out learning how to script InDesign. I don’t mean to imply that this is a goodthing to do, from a design standpoint; this is one of those “just because youcan, doesn’t mean you should” situations. The potential for garish, annoyinganimations is limitless. I feel guilty even showing this to you (you’re welcome).Motion PresetsAs you probably noticed while working through the previous exercises, InDesignincludes an extensive assortment of motion presets to get your content moving(Figure 4.11). The presets are the same ones you’ll find in Adobe Flash CS5Professional, and you can also import any custom presets that have beencreated in Flash Professional. You can create custom motion presets inInDesign, save them for future use, and share them with other InDesign usersor Flash designers. There’s just no end to the flying, dancing, bouncing funyou can have with motion settings.TIP: Sometimes it’s easierto modify the behavior of ananimation if you choose theAnimation Proxy view mode.Click the Animation Proxy iconon the bottom of the Animationpanel ( ) to see “ghosts” ofthe object at the start and endpoints of the animation path.Motion Presets 63Figure 4.11 How many motion presetsship with InDesign? Feast your eyes. Andrestrain yourself—you don’t have to useevery single one in your project. The motionpresets below the dividing line includespecial effects such as multiple stops ordisappearing in smoke.But maybe that’s not enough for you. Maybe you want more.Motion PathsIf you want to make an object move along a more interesting path than juststraight up or left to right, it’s surprisingly easy to do: You just have to draw thepath you want the object to follow. You can use the Line tool, the Pen tool, orthe Pencil tool—anything that creates a Bézier path. The path can be a simplestraight line or a complicated curlicue. The stroke attributes of the line aren’timportant; its appearance is discarded once it’s designated as a motion path.Chapter 4 Animation64Creating a Custom Motion PresetIn this exercise, you’ll work on a child’s birthday party invitation, modifyingexisting presets and saving them as custom presets. You will also be creatingseveral custom motion paths and saving their settings as custom presets.1. Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder,and open InviteStart.indd. Resave the file as InviteWorking.indd in thesame folder. If you want to see the finished file, open InviteDone.inddand preview it.2. In the Layers panel, make sure the Moon layer is selected and unlocked.Select the Line tool ( ), and draw a diagonal line from the center ofthe blue moon to the upper-right corner of the page (Figure 4.12). Leavesome room for the moon to grow larger as it rises.Figure 4.12 Using the Linetool, start at the center ofthe moon, and drag up tothe upper-right corner of thepage. Don’t go all the way tothe corner; leave some roomfor the moon to grow larger.3. Now you’ll convert the diagonal line to a motion path. Select both thepath and the moon, and click the Convert to Motion Path icon ( )at the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings:■ Event: On Page Load■ Duration: 2 seconds■ Speed: Ease Out■ Animate: From Current Appearance■ Animate Scale: 150%■ Visibility: Hide Until AnimatedMotion Presets 65These settings will hide the moon until it begins to rise and grow larger. Ifnecessary, tweak the length and angle of the path—you have to allow forthe increase in the diameter of the moon so it isn’t cropped by the edge ofthe page.4. Lock the Moon layer, and click the visibility control by the Once in a BlueMoon layer to make it visible. Select the layer to target it.5. Using either the Pen or the Pencil tool, create a curved path that willbring the “Once in a Blue Moon” text in along a short counterclockwisearc (Figure 4.13). Start below the text, and end the curved path near thecenter of the text. You’ll designate this path as a motion path after youchoose the initial motion preset.Figure 4.13 Create a short,counterclockwise arc to guidethe blue text up to the top ofthe page.6. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade In preset as a start, and use thefollowing settings:■ Event: On Page Load■ Duration: 2.5 seconds■ Speed: From Preset■ Animate: To Current Location■ Animate Scale: 120%■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated7. Select the arc path and the text (which have already been converted tooutlines), and click the Convert to Motion Path icon at the bottom ofthe Animation panel.Chapter 4 Animation668. The moon should start rising, followed by the appearance of the text.Use the Timing panel to control when each component plays. Select bothanimations in the Timing panel, and click the Play Together link at thebottom of the panel (Figure 4.14). (Ignore the existing animation in theTiming panel; it will make its appearance later in the exercise.) Previewthe animation, save the file, and keep it open.Figure 4.14 Synchronize themoonrise and the blue text sothey play together.9. Now you’ll create a motion path and save it as a custom preset that youcan use for other objects. Hide the Party, Once in a Blue Moon, andMoon layers. Reveal the Balloons layer, and select it to target it. Withthe Pen or Pencil tool, create an S-shaped path that starts at the centerof the green-and-purple balloon and stops short of the top of the page(Figure 4.15). You’ll probably want to tweak the path after you test theanimation; you want the balloon to float upward, but not off the page.Remember that the stroke attributes of the path aren’t important; itbecomes invisible once it’s designated as a motion path.Figure 4.15 Create anS-shaped path for thegreen-and-purple balloon tofollow as it floats upward.Motion Presets 6710. Select the balloon and the path, and click the Convert to Motion Path iconat the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings:■ Event: On Page Load■ Duration: 3 seconds■ Speed: None■ Animate: From Current Appearance■ Animate Scale: 100%■ Opacity: Fade Out11. To save the balloon motion as a motion preset, choose Save from theAnimation panel menu. Name the motion preset Balloon Float in theSave Preset dialog (Figure 4.16) and click OK.Figure 4.16 Name your newmotion preset.1 2. Now you’ll apply the new custom motion preset to the other balloon.Select the purple-and-yellow balloon, and choose the Balloon Float pre-set in the Animation panel; notice that it’s displayed in a separate partof the Preset pull-down menu, near the top. That’s where your custompresets will appear. Examine the settings. Everything you specified forthe first balloon has been stored in the preset, giving you a big head starton the second balloon. Change one thing: Set the Opacity to None, so thesecond balloon doesn’t fade out.1 3. Preview the animation. Reposition the purple-and-yellow balloon if it fliesoff the left side of the page. If you wish to edit the balloon’s motion path,select the balloon, then switch to the white arrow and select the motionpath. Once it’s selected, you can move, add, or delete anchor points tochange its travel. Such edits will not alter the custom motion preset youcreated—the changes will apply just to this balloon’s animation.1 4. It would be nice if the second balloon appeared in front of the text at thetop of the invitation. In the Layers panel, turn the visibility of the Oncein a Blue Moon layer back on, and unlock the layer. Select the purple-and-yellow balloon in the Balloons layer, and use the small blue targetsquare in the Balloons layer to push the balloon up to the topmost layer(Figure 4.17).Chapter 4 Animation68Figure 4.17 Move the purple-and-yellow balloon up to theOnce in a Blue Moon layerby pushing the blue targetsquare up to the top layer.1 5. Reveal the Party layer, and select the “We Have a Party” text. In theAnimation panel, choose the Fade In preset and use the following settings:■ Event: On Page Load■ Duration: 3.5 seconds■ Speed: From Preset■ Animate: From Current Appearance■ Animate Scale: 200%■ Opacity: Fade In■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated1 6. Finally, reveal all layers. The text in the You’re Invited layer has alreadybeen animated. All you have to do is slightly rearrange the order in theTiming panel and link most of the animations together.1 7. In the Timing panel, drag the Invited.ai animation to the bottom of thelist. Drag balloon.ai and balloon2.ai up in the timing list so they’re justbelow BlueMoon.ai (Figure 4.18). Select all of the animations exceptInvited.ai, and link them so they start together on page load. They havedifferent durations, so they don’t all finish simultaneously. Preview theanimation, save the file, and keep it open.Figure 4.18 Arrange theanimations in the Timingpanel as shown. Link all theanimations except Invited.ai.Motion Presets 69Exporting and Importing Motion PresetsMotion presets are not document-specific. When you save a preset, it be-comes part of InDesign’s arsenal for all documents. You should save theBalloon Float preset in case you ever need it again.1. From the Animation panel menu, choose Manage Presets. Select theBalloon Float preset at the top of the list, and then click the Save Asbutton. You can save motion presets anywhere; they’re just XML files.Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder,name the preset BalloonFloat.xml, and click Save. You have to save pre-sets one at a time, so if you want to store multiple custom presets, you’llhave to export them like this, one by one. Keep the Manage Presets dialogopen for the next step.2. So you’ll know how to import custom motion presets, you’ll delete theBalloon Float preset and then re-import it. Select the Balloon Float pre-set and click the Delete button. InDesign warns you that there is no undofor this move (Figure 4.19); click OK.Figure 4.19 InDesign warnsyou that deleting a motionpreset in the Manage Presetsdialog cannot be undone.3 . Back in the Manage Presets dialog, click the Load button, navigate to thefolder where you saved the BalloonFloat.xml file, select the file, and clickOpen. Although you must save presets one at a time, you can load mul-tiple motion presets at once. Preview the file one last time, and tweak any-thing you’d like to change. You’re finished with this exercise; you can closethe file.In this exercise, you played with a number of motion presets, learned how tocreate and use a motion path, and learned how to save and load custom mo-tion presets. You should feel more familiar with the controls in the Animationpanel and the wonderful selection of motion presets InDesign gives you. Youshould also be starting to get a sense of how you can combine durations andanimation order in the Timing panel to make things happen when you want.And it’s all pretty easy, isn’t it?Chapter 4 Animation70Page TransitionsAs the user navigates from page to page in your project, it’s (usually) obviousto them that they’re reading through a multipage document. If you providebuttons that lead them to the next page, they’ll click on a “next page” buttonand the current page will be replaced by the next one (more about that in thenext chapter). But if you’d like a fancier transition from one page to another,you might want to explore InDesign’s built-in page transitions. You may haveseen the default Page Curl (way too cute), but there are others.1. In the Page Transitions folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, openPaintings.indd. Resave the file as PaintingsWorking.indd in the samefolder. Drag on the corner of the Preview panel so that you can more eas-ily experiment with the default page curl, and set it to Preview Documentmode ( ). If necessary, click the Play triangle in the bottom left cornerof the Preview panel to render the document. Hover your cursor over theupper-right or lower-right corner of the cover page of the project, and you’llsee the “paper” start to curl, much like a real magazine page. Hold downthe mouse button and keep dragging toward the left side of the Previewwindow, and the experience is much like turning the page in a magazineprinted on very thin paper (Figure 4.20). In fact, you may find it difficultto let go of the page in order to complete the transition to the next page—it’s sort of like that scene in National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation whenChevy Chase is trying to read a magazine with pine sap on his hands. You’llbe relieved to know that the experience is much better in the exported SWF.Figure 4.20 The default SWFpage curl is similar to turningpages in a printed magazine.NOTE: If the page curl effectisn’t working in the Previewpanel, choose Edit PreviewSettings from the Preview panelmenu, and make sure that theInclude Interactive Page Curloption is checked. You mayhave to refresh the Previewpanel by Alt/Option-clickingthe play icon on the bottom ofthe panel.Page Transitions 712. Launch your default Web browser, choose File > Open File, navigate tothe PaintingsExport folder inside the Page Transitions folder, and openPaintings.html. Try turning the pages in your Web browser, and youshould find that the page-turning behavior is much more natural. Whenyou drag far enough toward the opposite side of the screen, the page shouldturn—and stay that way. Note that the page turn works whether you arepaging forward or backward in the project, but only works when you clickthe corners, not on the straight edges of the page.3. Return to InDesign so you can explore more page transition options. If yourely on the page curl to take a reader from page to page, you may findyou don’t need navigation buttons in a simple document. But you’ll haveto make sure they know to peel the pages by the corners, and that isn’tobvious. You may decide that, however cute the page curl might be, you’dstill like to provide buttons as a more obvious method of turning pages.But that doesn’t mean you can’t still entertain the user during the page-turning experience. It’s time to experiment with page transitions. In theLayers panel, reveal the Nav Buttons layer; “next page” and “previouspage” buttons have already been created for you.4. In the Pages panel, select all seven page thumbnails. From the Pages panelmenu, select Page Transitions > Choose to see the dozen page transitioneffects available (Figure 4.21). The examples themselves are animated;roll your cursor over one of the options to see the transition in action.Choose the Dissolve transition by clicking the radio button under itsexample, and click OK.Figure 4.21 Page transitionoptions. Roll over each option,and the example becomesanimated to show you theeffect. Note the option toapply to all spreads. Allpage transitions translate tointeractive PDF except thePage Turn transition.Chapter 4 Animation725. If necessary, set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode. In thePreview panel menu, choose Edit Preview Settings and turn off theInclude Interactive Page Curl option (Figure 4.22); the Page Curl optionis on by default. Having the curl won’t prevent your page transition effectsfrom working, but the cumulative effect of the Dissolve transition, thepage curl, and the navigation buttons would probably be sensory overloadfor a reader. As they attempted to click the navigation button for the nextpage, the page would unexpectedly curl, then dissolve... well, it would justbe too much. There’s something to be said for restraint.Figure 4.22 To test pagetransitions, turn off the IncludeInteractive Page Curl option.Remember this option if youdo want the page curl andwonder why it isn’t working(the option is on by default).Click through the document in the Preview panel; what do you think ofthe Dissolve transition?6. If the twelve page transitions aren’t enough, you can customize thebehavior of the transitions to shake things up (Figure 4.23). Open thePage Transitions panel (Window > Page Transitions), and select the Pushtransition. Click the Direction pull-down to see the options, and select theRight Up option. Click the Speed pull-down to see that you can choosefrom Slow, Medium, and Fast. Leave the Speed option at the default:Medium. Click the Apply to All Spreads icon in the lower-right corner ofthe panel, and check the results in the Preview panel.NOTE: During export to SWF,you’re given the choice of usinga Paper color or Transparentbackground. If you choose theTransparent option, all pagetransitions (including the pagecurl) are disabled. If your pagetransitions aren’t working,export settings are the likelyculprits.Page Transitions 73Figure 4.23 You can customizepage transitions by changing thespeed and direction. Click theApply to All Spreads icon (circled)if you neglected to select allspreads beforehand.Experiment with other transitions; edit them to see what works best forthis document. You can even apply a different transition to each page.(Remember: just because you can, that doesn’t mean you should. Controlthe urge.) Pages with a transition assigned will display a small icon in thePages panel (Figure 4.24). You can also choose page transitions fromLayout > Pages > Page Transitions > Choose (they just hide these littlegoodies everywhere, don’t they?).Figure 4.24 A small icon (circled)indicates which pages have beenassigned page transitions.7. Even if you pull on the corners of the Preview panel for a larger preview,you should still export to SWF and view the results in a browser for thefull effect. What looks amusing in the Preview panel may prove to beoverwhelming at full size in the final state. Decide on the page transition(or transitions) that you feel would be suitable for this small catalog ofan artist’s work, and choose File > Export. Choose Flash Player (SWF) forChapter 4 Animation74the format, and navigate to the folder named Paintings (Your Version)inside the Page Transitions folder. Name the SWF Paintings.swf. In theexport dialog, use the following settings:■ Generate HTML File: This enables you to view directly in a browser.■ View SWF after Exporting: Automatically displays the SWF in yourdefault browser.■ Scale: 100%■ Background: Paper Color—even though the project has a charcoalgray background; if you check Transparent, page transitions won’tbe included.■ Page Transitions: From Document, to preserve your choices. Notethat you can select a transition from the pull-down menu, though,and override existing page transitions during export.■ Options: Uncheck the option to Include Interactive Page Curl.8. Page through the Paintings project in your browser and see what youthink. Do you like the transition (or transitions) you chose? Do the pagetransitions enhance the reader’s experience, or do they compete for thereader’s attention, detracting from the paintings, which are the centralsubjects? You might even decide to dispense with the fancy transitionsafter all, and just let the reader move sedately from page to page usingthe navigation buttons. It’s up to you.If you want to remove all page transitions and start over, select a page thumb-nail (or multiple thumbnails) in the Pages panel and, from the panel menu,choose Page Transitions > Clear All. If you want to disable the page transitionfor a single page, the easiest way is to select the page thumbnail in the Pagespanel, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Page Transitions >Clear Page Transition from the contextual menu.TIP: Some of the animationeffects may behave oddly whencombined with a page transi-tion—especially the page curleffect. You’ll get your first hintin the Preview panel. As youpage through the project in thePreview panel, if animations arenot appearing, or are behavingunexpectedly, test the file byexporting to SWF and preview-ing in a browser. You may findthat you have to dispense witheither the animation or the as-signed page transition. Some ofthe more common animationoffenders are Fade In, Appear,Zoom in 2D, Swoosh, and theFly-in presets. It’s just One OfThose Things you’ll have to con-sider as you start creating moreadventurous projects. The easi-est way to combat this problemis to make it a habit to rely onbuttons to navigate to the nextor previous page, disabling alltransitions, and let your anima-tion imagination run wild.Chapter 5Buttons aren’t just decorations (although they can bepretty cute); they really make things happen in yourinteractive projects. Buttons can trigger animations,jump from page to page in a project, and createrollover effects. They can provide precise control overevents, and they can provide visible hints to the readerto click here to make something happen.Button UpChapter 5 Button Up76Buttons in interactive documents are very much like real-life buttons: They’reintended to trigger an action that is already available, such as turning a deviceon or off. In some cases, though, you can create a button in anticipation of its use,such as a button with a “next page” action attached, even though you haven’t yetcreated all the pages of the document. But in any case, a button acts on some-thing else. A video plays whether it’s triggered by a separate button, or by directlyclicking the video. The button needs a video to trigger; you might think of thebutton as part of a partnership.In this chapter, we’ll first look at the button triggers that make something happen(and all the events buttons can trigger), and then you’ll explore the ways you cancontrol the appearance of buttons.Button EventsButtons have six active behaviors (which InDesign calls “events”) that can actas triggers for actions. Since two of those behaviors work only in exportedPDFs, we’ll concentrate on using the four events that work as triggers inexported SWF files:■ On Release. This is the instant the user releases the mouse button afterclicking, and it’s when users expect something to happen. This is the mostcommonly used trigger.■ On Click. This is the bottom of a click, and it’s usually a bit premature tobe used as a trigger, since it will usually catch users by surprise.■ On Roll Over. The button area is actually a hot spot. You can trigger eventsby just moving your cursor over the button area. This is usually used totrigger remote rollover events, such as causing a graphic to appear orprompting an animation to play.■ On Roll Off. This is the moment when your cursor leaves the hot spot areaof the button. This option is usually used in tandem with the On Roll Overtrigger to hide a graphic that was revealed by On Roll Over.For the record, here are the button events that only work in PDFs (all eventsdescribed above work in both SWF and PDF export):■ On Focus. This is similar to the On Roll Over event, but is usually accom-plished by tabbing from another field into the button area. This is sometimesused in Acrobat forms to trigger an event as the user tabs through thefields in the form. The On Focus moment occurs when the tabbing landsthe focus on the target button area.Button Events 77■ On Blur. Similar to On Roll Off, this is the moment when a user tabs awayfrom the button (again, usually in an Acrobat form).Note that neither On Focus nor On Blur works in SWF export, so save themfor documents that will be exported to interactive PDF.Button StatesUp. Down. Rollover. Button states sound a bit like dog tricks, don’t they? Infact, button states are very similar to dog tricks. Let’s compare:Trick Dog ButtonUp ■ ■Down ■ ■Rollover ■ ■Fetch ■Play Animation ■As you can see, each has its advantages. While a dog can fetch, a button cantrigger an animation (and, as an added bonus, buttons don’t shed). A button’sdefault state is labeled Normal, while its down state is referred to as Click byInDesign. (Acrobat refers to the default state as Up.)It might be helpful to explore a simple file showing the On Release, On Click,On Roll Over, and On Roll Off events. If you haven’t already copied theCh_5_Exercises folder from the tutorial disc, do so now.1. Navigate to the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and then to the ButtonTriggersfolder. Launch a Web browser and open the file ButtonTriggers.html (or, ifyou have Adobe Media Player, launch it and view the ButtonTriggers.swffile directly).2. Click the red capsule-shaped button at the top of the file. When yourelease the mouse button at the end of the click, a picture appears to theright of the button. This is what users expect, and On Release is the triggeryou’ll use most often.3. Click the blue button. When you’ve fully pressed the mouse button down(but before you’ve released it), the picture disappears. The On Click triggerseems a bit sudden, doesn’t it? Consequently, you may find that you rarelyuse the On Click trigger.Chapter 5 Button Up784. Roll your mouse over the red shirt button at the bottom, and you’ll noticeseveral things. First, the artwork isn’t a dull standard button; it was createdin Illustrator to look like a real-life shirt button. As you mouse over thebutton, it changes color and shows a green glow. The mouseover causesthe image of a lion sculpture to appear, and mousing away from the buttoncauses the image to disappear. This is because the button has separateactions attached to the Roll Over and Roll Off states.5. Now you’ll examine the InDesign file that created the ButtonTriggers.swffile that you’ve been viewing. Close the Web browser or Adobe MediaPlayer and, if necessary, launch InDesign CS5. In the ButtonTriggersfolder, open ButtonTriggers.indd. This is the InDesign file that generatedthe SWF file. You’ll explore the InDesign file to see how the buttons wereset up. Later in this chapter you’ll create your own buttons. Save the file asButtonTriggersWorking.indd in the ButtonTriggers folder.6. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Select the redbutton at the top of the page with the Selection tool (black arrow), andexamine the settings in the Buttons panel (Figure 5.1).■ Event. The On Release option means that the requested action is trig-gered at the moment the user releases the mouse button (at the end ofa click).Figure 5.1 The Buttons paneltells the story. The showcarbutton (left) displays thetrabant button when the userclicks and releases the mousebutton. The trabant button(right) just contains the imageof an automobile, and is set tobe hidden until triggered. Options(changes dependingon selected Action)ActionsButton nameEvent (Trigger)AppearanceButton Events 79■ Action. The Show/Hide action is used to show the picture of the au-tomobile. The target of the action is another button (trabant), whosesole purpose is to hold the automobile image and hide until triggered.■ Appearance. A button can have three separate appearances: Normal,Rollover, and Click. This button has two appearances, but you won’tnotice the Rollover appearance unless you roll over it. If you like, clickthe Preview icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel, and try roll-ing over the red button in the Preview panel. By the way, the buttonartwork is one of the prefab buttons that ships with InDesign CS5;we’ll explore those later.7. Select the frame containing the automobile image. It’s a button, too,named trabant. (The Trabant was a small car that was produced in EastGermany between 1957 and 1991, if you’re curious.) Check the settingsin the Buttons panel. The button has no attached actions; it’s just thereto hold the automobile image, and it’s hidden until triggered by theshowcar button.Let’s sum up the relationship between the red button and the automobileimage. The automobile button containing the image is hidden until the userclicks the red button, which triggers a Show/Hide Buttons action that makesthe automobile button visible. The Show/Hide Buttons action, as its nameimplies, only operates on buttons, so it can’t be used to display or hide otherobjects.Now you’ll examine the blue button that you clicked to hide the Trabantimage; it also has a Show/Hide relationship with the trabant button. Selectthe blue button (in the page, not in the Preview panel) and examine its settingsin the Buttons panel (Figure 5.2).■ Event. The On Click option means that the requested action is triggered atthe moment the user’s mouse button reaches the bottom of travel.■ Action. The Show/Hide action is used to hide the trabant button contain-ing the picture of the automobile. More than one action can be assigned toa button.■ Appearance. This is another one of the buttons that ship with InDesign.The button artwork contains two appearances: Normal and Rollover. If youlike, click the Preview icon in the Buttons panel to test the Rollover state inthe Preview panel. It’s subtle, but keep it in mind; visual feedback, such asa change in button appearance, can keep the user engaged and informed.Chapter 5 Button Up80Figure 5.2 A Show/HideButtons action can beassigned to any button event.Here, it’s assigned to theOn Click event.Finally, you’ll examine the “shirt button” at the bottom of the page, which hasa more complex appearance. You’ll explore how that was accomplished, andyou’ll add a third appearance, for the Click event. A button’s appearance cancome from a placed graphic, modifications to the fill and stroke attributes,manipulations of InDesign effects (such as shadows and glows) applied to theobject—or a combination of all of those influences, if you get really carriedaway. You can even place three different graphics into a button: one for eachappearance. How is this possible in a single frame? It isn’t exactly a singleframe; a button is a special object with multiple states, each of which can havea different appearance and function. You might think of a button as a sort of“hot spot” with a storage bin.1. Select the shirt button in the page, look in the Buttons panel, and notethat the button has two very different appearances. In its Normal state (itsappearance before it’s clicked), it’s a red button. In its Rollover state, it’sgreen and has a green glow (Figure 5.3).2. With the Direct Selection tool (white arrow), select the shirt button in thepage. Choose the Normal appearance in the Buttons panel. Choose Object >Object Layer Options to find out what’s going on in this state. The buttonartwork is an Adobe Illustrator file with three layers. For the Normal state,only the RedNoGlow layer is visible (Figure 5.4). While separate artworkfiles could be used for the button states, it’s easier to keep track of just onefile, and let InDesign’s Object Layer Options control the layer visibility.This approach will work with Illustrator (.ai) files, Photoshop (.psd) files,and layered PDFs. Object Layer Options have no effect on the state of thesaved file; they just control layer visibility within InDesign.Button Events 81Figure 5.4 Only theRedNoGlow layer is visible inthe placed Adobe Illustratorfile when the button is in theNormal state.3. In the Buttons panel, select the Rollover state in the Appearance section.The button is green in this state because of a different choice in the ObjectLayer Options, but notice what happens when you attempt to chooseObject > Object Layer Options—you can’t! Deselect the button, and thenreselect it with the Direct Selection tool (you have to sort of sneak up onit…). Now that you’re addressing the graphic directly, you’ll be able to accessthe Object Layer Options dialog to see that the Green+glow layer is set tobe the only visible layer (Figure 5.5).Figure 5.5 The Rollover stateof the button reveals onlythe Green+glow layer in theIllustrator file, and hides theother layers.Figure 5.3The “shirt button”changes color andglows in its Rolloverstate, thanks to acombination ofObject Layer Optionsand InDesign effects.Chapter 5 Button Up82Now you’ll decorate the third state of the button with another appearance,still using the same placed Illustrator file and InDesign’s Object LayerOptions. If necessary, reselect the button in the page, and then select theClick state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Initially, it displays the but-ton artwork in red (since it’s invoking the saved state of the Illustratorfile). Hover over the Content Grabber “viewfinder” icon ( ) in the centerof the image, and click to select the image. Now you can use Object LayerOptions to turn off the RedNoGlow and Green+glow layers, and turnon the Yellow layer (Figure 5.6). Why did you have to select the graphicdirectly to control layer visibility? Well, once a button develops more thanone state, it’s ceased to be a simple frame, and is now a multistate object;you have to select the image inside, rather than the container, to useObject Layer Options. You won’t be assigning another action to this state;it’s just for amusing visual feedback when the user clicks. Test the buttonin the Preview panel. It’s certainly colorful, isn’t it? Save and close the file.Button AppearanceYou don’t have to create fancy artwork such as the shirt button in the preced-ing exercise, but isn’t it cool that you can use a variety of graphics to decorateyour buttons? You can have attractive buttons even if you don’t feel like cre-ating original artwork in Photoshop or Illustrator; InDesign provides a nicestarter kit for you. Let’s explore the possibilities.Figure 5.6 Activate the Click state in the Buttons panel,and use Object Layer Options to turn on the visibilityof the Yellow layer in the Illustrator file decorating thebutton.Button Appearance 83Sample Buttons in InDesignTo view the freebie InDesign buttons, go to the Buttons panel menu andchoose Sample Buttons. What you’ll see is actually an InDesign library(Figure 5.7) containing 52 separate buttons, all with built-in actions attached.(You can change these actions if you like; more on that later.)The buttons are simply numbered 1 through 52, which gives no hint of theactions already wired into them. You might find this list helpful:■ Buttons 1 and 2. These two library entries consist of multiple buttonsarranged to look like navigational bars. Once you ungroup and selectthem, you’ll find that they all use the Go To Page action. Since they’regeneric buttons, you would have to fill in the blanks and specify a targetin the document for each button. And here’s a general caveat: While the GoTo Page action works in exported SWF files, it does nothing in an exportedPDF. InDesign is nothing if not polite; at least you’re warned about thisif you attempt to export a PDF from a file containing buttons with Go ToPage actions attached.■ Buttons 3-12. All of these buttons have been assigned Go To URL actions,which can take the user to Web addresses, or can incorporate an e-mailaddress to trigger an e-mail application (by using the “mailto” format). TheGo To URL actions work in both SWF and PDF export.TIP: If you haven’t used InDe-sign libraries before, they’re justa repository of page geometry.That’s Latin for “kind of like a bigClipboard you can store lots ofstuff in.” Any object you’ve cre-ated in an InDesign documentcan be dragged into a library.Libraries are not document-specific, so their contents canbe made available for anydocument.Figure 5.7 InDesign’s SampleButtons library: one for everyweek of the year.Chapter 5 Button Up84■ Buttons 13-22. Go To Page.■ Buttons 23-32. Go To URL.■ Buttons 33-51 (odd numbers). Notice that the odd-numbered buttons areall left-pointing, which gives a hint about their function: They all use theGo To Previous Page action, which works in both SWF and PDF export.■ Buttons 34-52 (even numbers). All right-pointing, even-numbered buttonsin this range use the Go To Next Page action.To use one of the sample buttons, just drag it into the document. If you drag abutton from the Sample Buttons library, it determines the highest-numberedbutton in the document, adds 2, and then names itself. For example, if there’sa Button 27 in the document, dragging a sample button onto the page willcreate Button 29. If you duplicate an existing button by Alt/Option-dragging,the new button’s number is incremented by 2. For example, if you Alt/Option-drag to duplicate Button 6, the duplicate names itself Button 8, and if youAlt/Option-drag Button 13, its duplicate names itself Button 15. Buttonsthat you create from existing objects name themselves Button 1, Button 2,Button 3, and so on. Of course, you can rename a button in the Buttons paneland modify its function. Let’s do a little experiment to see how the samplebuttons behave.1. Start with a new, blank Web document. Choose File > New > Document.For Intent, choose Web, set the number of pages to 4, and select the 640px x 480 px option from the Page Size pull-down menu (Figure 5.8). Thiswon’t be much of a design; it’s just a place for playing with buttons. Savethe file as ButtonWork.indd in the Ch_5_Exercises folder and leave thefile open.Figure 5.8 Create a simple,four-page Web document forbutton experimentation.Button Appearance 852. Since you’ll be trying out the Go To Page action, it will be helpful if yourdocument has page numbers for identification (so you can tell if you’veactually gone to a page). To make it easy, you’ll create automatic pagenumbers on the master page. Double-click the A-Master icon in thePages panel. Using the Type tool, create a small text frame in the bottommargin. Type Page, press the spacebar, and then choose Type > InsertSpecial Character > Markers > Current Page Number (or, if you’re usinga two-button mouse, just right-click in the text frame and choose InsertSpecial Character > Markers > Current Page Number). Since you’re on themaster page, you’ll just see “A” representing the page number (Figure 5.9).Select the text and set it to 20 px in size.3. Double-click the icon for page 1 in the Pages panel. If necessary, open theSample Buttons library from the Buttons panel menu. You can dock thelibrary with other panels if you like. Drag Button 16 (a red capsule-shapedbutton) onto the page, and take a look at its settings in the Buttons panel.It’s named itself Button 2, and has two states (Normal and Rollover), eachwith its own appearance (Figure 5.10). Click the Rollover state in theButtons panel to see what makes it different from the Normal state; theRollover state has a gray glow around it. Even though the button is set toperform its Go To Page action only when clicked (not during a rollover),the visual change during rollover can be a subtle hint to the user that thebutton is “alive,” and such feedback is a nice way to engage the user.Figure 5.9 Automatic pagenumber on a master page.Figure 5.10 This sampleInDesign button has two distinctappearances. A gray glow appearsin the Rollover state.Chapter 5 Button Up864. Change the name of the button to Jump2, and enter 2 in the Page fieldto specify which page the user will see after clicking the button. Changethe mode of the Preview panel to Preview Document mode (see Chapter 2if you don’t remember how to do this), and then test the behavior of thebutton in the Preview panel. Does it take you to page 2 of the document?(You may have to enlarge the Preview panel so the page numbers arelegible.) If clicking the button in the Preview panel doesn’t take you topage 2, go back to page 1 in the document, select the button, and checkyour settings.5. Take a look at the button in the page, and note the heavy dashed borderaround it, indicating that it’s a button (it’s a much coarser and heavierborder than you see around object groups). Under the hood, this buttonis fairly complex. How hard would it be for you to create such a buttonin Illustrator? Take a look at similar artwork deconstructed in Illustrator(Figure 5.11). It involves all manner of embedded images and clippingmasks. Yikes! It gives you some appreciation for the head start you’ve beengiven with the sample buttons, doesn’t it?Figure 5.11 One of InDesign’ssample buttons, in Illustrator’sexploded view. Think of all thework you don’t have to do.6. If necessary, navigate back to page 1 of the document. Drag the 5 buttonfrom the Sample Buttons library into the page. In the Buttons panel, notethat this button has a Go To URL action built in, so change the buttonname to URL, and in the URL field, complete the Web address so it readshttp://www.adobe.com. Test the URL button in the Preview panel. Itshould launch your default Web browser and take you to the Adobe WebButton Appearance 87site. (You may have to click the Play button in the Preview panel to refreshthe preview, and then click the green button again.)7. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section (or take a break and eata Twinkie).What’s the Twinkie® Finger? *Each button sports an icon identifying it as a button, lest you mistake itfor just an ordinary page object. It’s a finger pressing a button, but eversince a student in one of my classes asked “What’s the Twinkie finger?”I’ve been unable to think of it without thinking of Twinkies. And nowI’m passing that on to you.*Apologies to Hostess Brands, Inc.Any Frame Can Be a ButtonWhat if you’ve used all 52 buttons but yearn for more? You’ll be excited todiscover that any frame created in InDesign can become a button, whetherit began life as a text frame, a graphics frame, or an unassigned frame. (Note,however, that frames containing video or audio cannot be converted to buttons—although, of course, they can be triggered by buttons.) Now you’ll convert a textframe to a button to see how easy it is.1. Navigate to page 2 of the document. With the Type tool, click and dragto create a text frame 150 px wide by 40 px tall. Type Page 3 in the frame,and center the text both vertically and horizontally in the frame. There aremultiple methods for accomplishing the horizontal centering; the easiestway is to use a keyboard shortcut (Mac: Cmd-Shift-C, Windows: Ctrl-Shift-C).To vertically center the type, press the Esc key to switch to the Selectiontool so the frame (rather than the text) is selected. Then, choose Object >Text Frame Options and choose the Center option for vertical alignment(or use the Control panel options).2. Fill the frame with the RGB Red swatch, and change the text color toPaper. Set the text to Myriad Pro Bold, 20 px.3. Select the frame, right-click, and choose Effects > Bevel and Emboss(Figure 5.12). (Mac users without a two-button mouse can hold down theControl key to mimic having a right mouse button, while clicking to viewthe contextual menu.) Use the settings described below, and then click OK.Chapter 5 Button Up88Use the following settings (and leave the remaining options at the default):■ Style: Inner Bevel■ Size: 7 px■ Technique: Chisel Hard■ Direction: Up4. It looks like a button, but it isn’t truly a button until you click the Convertto Button icon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel. (Alternatively,if you’re using a two-button mouse, you can right-click and chooseInteractive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu.)5. Name the new button Page3, leave the Event option at the default (OnRelease), and click the plus sign next to the Actions label. Choose theGo To Next Page action (you could also use the Go To Page action and setthe target to page 3; both methods achieve the same result). If necessary,set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode and test the button.Navigate back to page 2 for the next step (you can use the small back/forward page controls at the bottom of the Preview panel), and save the file.6. Now you’ll see how easy it is to create an alternate appearance for a newbutton state. If necessary, reselect the button and then click the Rolloverstate in the Buttons panel. That’s all it takes to create a new state, butcurrently the Rollover state looks no different from the Normal state. Withthe button still selected, choose the RGB Green swatch in the Swatchespanel. Test the button in the Preview panel and make sure it turns brightgreen when you roll over it.Figure 5.12 Adding a Beveland Emboss effect to a frameis a quick way to create abutton appearance.TIP: Since you’ll check yourdocument frequently in thePreview panel, here are somehandy keyboard shortcuts:Preview Spread: Cmd-Shift-Return (Mac); Ctrl-Shift-Enter(Windows)Preview Document: Cmd-Opt-Shift-Return (Mac); Ctrl-Alt-Shift-Enter (Windows)Button Appearance 897. But wait—there’s more. Make sure the Rollover state is still selected in theButtons panel, and then right-click (Mac: Control-click) the button in thedocument and choose Effects > Outer Glow from the contextual menu.Click the small square to the right of the blending mode pull-down menu,and choose RGB Green. Set the blending mode to Normal (Figure 5.13).While you’re in the dialog, notice that InDesign describes the selectedbutton as a group; while it’s treated as a single object when you select itin the page, InDesign regards it as sort of an assembly of one red and onegreen frame. It’s crazy, but it works. Test the button by rolling over it inthe Preview panel (you may have to refresh the preview and enlarge thePreview panel to clearly see the glow effect). Save the file and keep it openfor the next section (or take a break and have another Twinkie).Changing Content in a Button StateAs you saw in the earlier Button Triggers exercise, InDesign’s Object LayerOptions can be used to control the visibility of layers in a multilayerIllustrator file. The same trick can be used with multilayer Photoshop filesor PDFs. But you can also place separate files into a button’s states, or changetext between states.1. Navigate to page 3 of the ButtonWork.indd document. Choose File >Place, navigate to the VariableButtons folder in the Ch_5_Exercisesfolder, and select ButtonBase.ai. IMPORTANT: Hold down the Shift keyas you click the Open button in the Place dialog to launch the Place dia-log (Figure 5.14). In the dialog, choose Crop to Media and click OK. Thisis to ensure that InDesign creates a frame to the same dimensions as theIllustrator file’s artboard (rather than cropping to the artwork), which willallow room for other artwork you’re going to use in the button. (You mightFigure 5.13 Adding a glowto a button state appearance.Note that InDesign regards thesingle button as a group.Chapter 5 Button Up90have noticed that the title bar of the dialog reads “Place PDF”—this is be-cause native Illustrator files are actually PDFs inside.) Click in the page toplace the button graphic.Figure 5.14 Set theButtonBase.ai crop toMedia to allow room forartwork to be used inother states of the button.2. Right-click on the frame and choose Interactive > Convert to Button fromthe contextual menu, or choose Window > Interactive > Buttons. TheButtons panel appears. Name the button Peachpit.3. Click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to make it active. You’re goingto place a Photoshop file into the button in the Rollover state to change itsappearance. To do this, you have to “reach inside” the button to place thenew artwork. If you have the button selected with the Selection tool (blackarrow), a new frame will be created when you place the new graphic. So,either click the Content Grabber (the viewfinder-like icon in the middleof the button as you hover over it) or switch to the Direct Selection tool(white arrow) and click inside the button. Either method selects thegraphic so you can replace it in the Rollover state. Don’t worry; it won’tbe deleted from the Normal state. You might think of the button states asseparate containers within the button. With the Rollover state selected,choose File > Place, navigate to the VariableButtons folder again, andselect LeftBloop.psd. There’s no need to hold down Shift this time; justclick OK.4. Now you’ll populate the Click state with another image. Click the Clickstate in the Buttons panel to activate it, and then select the Peachpitbutton by clicking inside it with the Direct Selection tool or by clickingthe Content Grabber viewfinder icon. Choose File > Place, navigate tothe VariableButtons folder one more time, and select RightBloop.psd.Without holding down the Shift key, click the OK button.5. It’s time to add an action to the button. In the Buttons panel, select theNormal state of the button just to restore it to that appearance. Click theButton Appearance 91plus sign next to the Actions label, and then select the Go To URL action.In the URL field that appears once you’ve chosen the action, enter thecomplete URL: http://www.peachpit.com—InDesign thoughtfully entersthe “http://” part for you. (Notice that there’s also a minus sign next to theAction label, in case you ever wish to delete an existing action.) Refreshthe Preview panel if necessary, and test the button. Note how it changesappearance when you roll over it, and again when you click it. When youclick the button in the Preview panel, it should launch your default Webbrowser and take you to the Peachpit Press Web site.6. Open the Links panel (Window > Links) and note that each button-stategraphic is listed there (Figure 5.15). Since you placed the graphics, you’dexpect them to appear in the Links panel, but you’ll see that even thoughInDesign regards the button as a single entity, each state within the buttonis a separate component. Save the file and keep it open for the last part ofthe exercise.As you saw on page 2 of your working file, you don’t need to have any graphicsfiles to decorate buttons; you can just start with a text frame and create asimple button by using fill and stroke attributes, with some beveling andembossing effects thrown in. But now that you’re starting to realize that eachstate of a button can be addressed separately, you understand that there arelots of interesting things you can do to a button. There are some limitations,however: You cannot put multimedia content in a button state, and youFigure 5.15 Three separategraphics are associated with thebutton. Each graphic populates aseparate state of the button. Youmight think of it as three graphicsframes within a single carrier.Chapter 5 Button Up92cannot delete or disable the Normal button state. If you change the dimensionsof one state of a button, it doesn’t resize the contents in other states, but thehot spot area of the button is determined by the largest bounding box of thebutton. For example, if two button states are 2 inches wide by 1 inch high, butthe third state is 3 inches wide by 2 inches high, the entire button area will beequivalent to the 3-inches-by-2-inches state.The entire area of a button might not be filled (if, for example, it contains asmall graphic), but the entire area is clickable. You should keep this in mindwhen you have several buttons close together, so that users don’t accidentallyclick on the wrong button. You can also create buttons with no fill or stroke,so that they aren’t visible, but can still be used as a hot spot to trigger actions.7. Now you’ll experiment with a button that’s based on a text frame. Goto page 4 of the document and create a text frame using the followingsettings:■ Dimensions: 250 px W, 50 px H■ Fill: RGB Yellow, 100%■ Stroke: 2 px Black■ Text Attributes: Myriad Pro Bold, 28 px8. Type GO TO... in all caps in the text frame. Center the text horizontallywith the keyboard shortcut (Mac: Cmd-Shift-C, Windows: Ctrl-Shift-C).You can also use the alignment options in the Control panel. ChooseObject > Text Frame Options and vertically center the text (you can alsoaccomplish this in the Control panel).9. Convert the text frame to a button by one of the methods you’ve learned.Name the button firstpage, and assign the Go To First Page action to theOn Release event.10. Select the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Select the textin the button and change it to FIRST PAGE. Select the button with theSelection tool (or you can just press the Esc key to switch tools and selectthe button), and change the fill color to the RGB Cyan swatch.1 1. Now you’ll change the shape of the button. You can use the spiffy new LiveCorner controls to quickly and easily change the appearance of the button(Figure 5.16). Click the small yellow square on the right side of the buttonframe. Yellow diamonds appear on the frame’s corners. Drag one of theyellow diamonds toward the midpoint of one of the sides to round off allCreating Button Art in Illustrator 93the corners. If you want to be more adventurous, Alt/Option-click one ofthe diamonds to choose another corner option. Keep Alt/Option-clickingto cycle through the options. If you want to apply a corner style to justone corner, hold down Alt/Option-Shift and click the diamond to cyclethrough the styles for just that corner. Hold down the Shift key whiledragging the corner control to affect the size of just that corner. The pos-sibilities are endless (and potentially ugly).Figure 5.16 Click thesmall yellow square onthe right side of theframe to activate LiveCorners. Click one ofthe corners and drag ittoward the midpoint ofthe frame to make allcorners round. Here’sthe end result.1 2. Select the Click state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Notice that theappearance of the Normal state is replicated in the Click state initially.Change the fill color to the RGB Green swatch, and delete the text insidethe frame.1 3. Make sure the center point of the Transform Proxy in the Control panelis selected ( ). Using the dimension fields in the Control panel, changeboth the width and height of the button to 52 px. Then, choose Object >Convert Shape > Ellipse to create a circle.1 4. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode and test the button.You might have to refresh the panel by Alt/Option-clicking the Play but-ton in the panel. Admittedly, these aren’t the most elegant buttons, butthey prove that there are many ways to modify the appearance of buttonswithout a lot of work. Save the file if you like, and close it. If you wish, youcan quit InDesign for now; you’ll be playing in Illustrator for a while.Creating Button Art in IllustratorDon’t feel like being creative? Let Adobe Illustrator do the heavy lifting foryou. Illustrator’s built-in graphic styles make it easy to construct professional-looking buttons from shapes you create. If you’re not even up to creating simpleobjects, take advantage of the prebuilt buttons available as symbols. And, asChapter 5 Button Up94you saw with the cute little “shirt button” art in the first exercise in this chap-ter, the ability to use InDesign’s Object Layer Options to control the visibilityof layers in a placed Illustrator file expands the flexibility of Illustrator art-work. It’s time to play!Using Graphic StylesA graphic style is a recipe for the appearance of an object in Illustrator. It cancontain just a simple fill and stroke, or elaborate combinations of effects thatcan add glows, shadows, distortions, or patterns. You’ll use some of Illustrator’sbuilt-in graphic styles that are geared specifically toward creating buttons.1. Launch Adobe Illustrator CS4 or CS5; the options for button creation arethe same in both versions. (If you have Illustrator CS3, the concepts andassortment of graphic styles are the same, but the selection of prebuiltbuttons is completely different from CS4/CS5.) The illustrations in thischapter are from Illustrator CS5, but you shouldn’t feel disoriented ifyou’re using an earlier version.2. Choose File > New and create a new document based on the WebDocument Profile. This sets the document color mode to RGB and theresolution for raster effects to 72 ppi. Set the document dimensions to 288 pxwide by 144 px high (Figure 5.17). (Even though the document color modeis RGB, you can specify colors in any color mode if you like. However, thecolor will be rendered in RGB.) Save the file as ButtonStyles.ai in theIllustratorBasicButtons folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder.Figure 5.17 Create a newIllustrator document basedon the Web DocumentProfile.3. Press the D key on the keyboard (for “default”) to set your fill and strokeattributes to the default opaque-white fill and 1-point black stroke.Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool from the Tool panel (it’s hidden underthe regular rectangle tool), and click anywhere in the page. This triggersthe Rounded Rectangle Options dialog, which allows you to numericallyCreating Button Art in Illustrator 95specify the dimensions and rounded corner radius. Set the values to 150px wide, 75 px high, with a 15 px radius (Figure 5.18).Figure 5.18 Choose theRounded Rectangle tool, clickin the page, and use thesesettings.4. Switch to the Selection tool (black arrow), select the rounded rectangle,and position it approximately in the center of the artboard. It’s pretty dullas buttons go, but you’ll soon spruce it up by using graphic styles. ChooseWindow > Graphic Styles to open the basic set of styles. The starter kitof styles is pretty sparse, but Illustrator ships with more than just thesefew styles. From the Graphic Styles panel menu (that same little triangle-and-lines icon you see in the upper-right corner of every panel), chooseOpen Graphic Style Library > Buttons and Rollovers. Now you have some-thing to work with (Figure 5.19).Figure 5.19 Illustrator’s Buttonsand Rollovers graphic styles(with panel menu circled).5. Hover over some of the styles and note the names: Bevel Red Normal,Bevel Red Mouse Down. Clearly, Illustrator is trying to give you a headstart. If necessary, reselect the bland, boring button you created and tryout some of the styles. With a single click, you can transform your round-ed rectangle into an instant button. After experimenting with several ofthe styles, you’ll notice that Illustrator has added each style you’ve tried tothe main Graphic Styles panel.6. From the panel menu of the Buttons and Rollovers graphic styles panel,choose Small List View so you can identify the styles more easily by theirnames. Apply the Opal Inlay Mouse Down style to your button, but don’tclose the Buttons and Rollovers panel yet; you need one more style tocomplete your button.Chapter 5 Button Up967. Open the Layers panel (Window > Layers) and double-click the Layer 1name to open the Layer Options dialog. Change the name of the layer toDown and click OK.8. From the Layers panel menu, choose Duplicate Down to create DownCopy. Double-click the Down Copy layer and change its name to Normal.9. Select the button in the Normal layer, and apply the Opal Inlay Normalgraphic style to it. To compare the two button states, turn off the visibilityof the Normal layer. (By the way, it’s your button; if you’d prefer to use an-other pair of graphic styles for the button’s two states, feel free to do so.)Save the file.10. If you’d like to test the button in InDesign, launch InDesign and create aquick document. From the Intent pull-down menu, choose Web, and fromthe Page Size pull-down, choose the default 800 x 600 pixel dimensions.1 1. Choose File > Place, select ButtonStyles.ai, and hold down the Shift keyas you click OK in the Place dialog so you can control the import options.In the Import Options dialog, choose Bounding Box (All Layers) for theCrop option (Figure 5.20). This option ensures that the button is just bigenough to contain all artwork that constitutes the button, but no bigger thannecessary. You may want to resize the button, as it’s rather huge (I scaledit down to 25%).Figure 5.20 TheBounding Box (All Layers)option ensures that thebutton is the optimumsize. Not too big, not toosmall—just right (likeGoldilocks).1 2. Convert the object to a button using one of the methods you’ve learned.In the Buttons panel, choose the Click state, select the graphic eitherwith the Content Grabber or the Direct Selection tool, and then chooseObject > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options dialog, turnoff the visibility of the Normal layer, leaving only the Down layer visible.Test the button in the Preview panel. You can add an action to the button’sCreating Button Art in Illustrator 97On Release event if you wish, but that’s not necessary to test the visualchanges you’ve created.1 3. Think about how little work you had to perform. Illustrator makes it almostpainless to create attractive buttons. And, of course, you’re not limited tothe canned graphic styles; you can apply all manner of fill, stroke, andeffects attributes to an object and save its appearance as a custom graphicstyle. Save and close the file.Using Prebuilt Button SymbolsDon’t feel like going to all the trouble of clicking and dragging to create a ba-sic button, then applying a graphic style? Then you might enjoy the nice as-sortment of Web button art supplied with Illustrator as symbols.About SymbolsSymbols are a special type of artwork. They’re often used when a designer needs mul-tiple instances of an object—for example, a school of fish based on an elaborate draw-ing of a fish consisting of multiple objects grouped together (body, fins, eyes, tail...).Copying that one fish 40 times could add substantially to file size, especially if the fishuses effects such as glows, shadows, and transparency. However, if the designer con-verts that one fish into a symbol (by dragging the original fish into the Symbols paneland giving it a name), adding 40 instances of the symbol doesn’t increase the over-head in the file as much as 40 copies would. Symbols offer other advantages: If youedit the original symbol art, all the instances of the symbol reflect the changes. TheWeb buttons are supplied as symbols just as a convenience; in this case, the Symbolspanel acts as sort of a repository (similar to a library in InDesign).1. Create a new Illustrator document based on the Web document pro-file, and use the 640 px wide by 480 px high preset size. Save the file asMultiButtons.ai in the Ch_5_Exercises folder.2. Open the Symbols panel (Window > Symbols). Since your document isbased on the Web document profile, Illustrator automatically populatesthe panel with a few Web-appropriate symbols (Figure 5.21). (If you seea different set of symbols, it may be because you inadvertently chose thePrint document profile; if so, close the document and start a new onebased on the Web document profile.)Figure 5.21 Default symbolsfor Web buttons.Chapter 5 Button Up983. This is a nice start, but Illustrator CS4 and CS5 contain many more sym-bols for button art. From the Symbols panel menu, choose Open SymbolLibrary > Web Buttons and Bars. You can also click the Symbol Librariesicon ( )in the lower-left corner of the Symbols panel to access the listof supplied symbol libraries. The new symbol library is displayed as afloating panel (Figure 5.22). The symbols are all very bright and cheerful,but you might want to use a button as a starting point and modify it tosuit your design. Fortunately, that’s very easy to do. You can either edit theoriginal symbol by double-clicking it in the Symbols panel and enteringSymbol Editing mode, or you can just drag an instance of the symbol ontothe artboard, double-click the placed symbol, and edit it there.Hover over a symbol, and its name is displayed in a tool tip. Rememberthat these are just bits of artwork; they have no built-in button functional-ity. Select the Bullet - Right symbol ( ) and drag it onto the artboard. Inthe next step, you’ll change the color of the artwork.4. Select the artwork on the artboard (not the symbol in the Symbols panel),and choose Edit > Edit Colors > Recolor Artwork. The Recolor Artworkdialog has two states: Edit and Assign, accessed by two buttons at the topof the dialog (Figure 5.23). Click the Edit button to switch to Edit mode.Figure 5.22 The Web Buttonsand Bars symbols include 139prebuilt pieces of artwork.Creating Button Art in Illustrator 99Figure 5.23 The RecolorArtwork dialog allows you toremap artwork colors to anotherset of colors easily. Access itstwo modes by clicking theEdit and Assign buttons (circledin red).5. In the Edit mode, you can move individual color nodes (the small circles)to another part of the color wheel, or you can lock the color nodestogether by clicking the Link Harmony Colors icon ( ) and move thewhole shebang, preserving the relationship between the color nodes(Figure 5.24). For this button, click the Link Harmony Colors icon, andthen swing the assembly of color nodes around the color wheel until youlike the change you see in the selected button. Don’t click OK yet, though!Figure 5.24 To keep colorrelationships intact but moveto another part of the rainbow,lock the color nodes together byclicking the Link Harmony Colorsicon (circled). Then rotate thecolor nodes to another part ofthe color wheel.Chapter 5 Button Up1006. You’re editing color visually, not picking numeric values. What if you wantto achieve the same color shift in another one of the blue buttons? Howcould you replicate exactly the same swing around the spectrum? Youdon’t have to. Click the New Color Group icon in the upper-right part ofthe Recolor Artwork dialog to store the new colors in a group of swatchesyou can access later (Figure 5.25).7. Initially, the new color group is named Artwork Colors but you’ll prob-ably want to give color groups more descriptive names. Double-click thename of the new color group in the Color Groups column on the right sideof the dialog (double-clicking the swatches won’t do the trick). The EditName dialog comes up. Name the new color group New Button Colors,and click OK. Then click the OK button in the Recolor Artwork dialog.You’ll receive an alert asking if you want to save changes to the NewButton Colors swatch group. Click Yes.8. Now you can use that saved group of swatches to change the color ofanother button. Drag the Bullet - Left button symbol ( ) onto theartboard, select it, and choose Edit > Edit Colors > Recolor Artwork.Alternatively, you can click the Recolor Artwork icon ( ) in the Controlpanel at the top of the interface. (Note that it doesn’t display in color untilyou get close to it.)9. This time, you’ll use the Recolor Artwork function in Assign mode. Justclick the New Button Colors swatch group you created, and the button’sexisting colors are remapped to the new colors (Figure 5.26). Now you’resure that the buttons will match perfectly. Isn’t that cool? Click OK whenyou’re done.Figure 5.26 Assign the NewButton Colors group to the leftbutton artwork and click OK.Figure 5.25 Save your newassortment of colors as a colorgroup so you can access themlater.Creating Button Art in Illustrator 10110. Now you’ll stack the buttons up so you can control them with InDesign’sObject Layer Options. In the Layers panel, double-click Layer 1 and renameit Back. Click the New Layer icon ( ) at the bottom of the Layers panel,and name the new layer Next.1 1. Select the right-pointing button artwork on the artboard. In the Layerspanel, transplant the button artwork to the Next layer by dragging thesmall blue target square up into the Next layer (Figure 5.27).Figure 5.27 Drag the targetsquare from the Back layer upinto the Next layer to movethe button to the new layer.1 2. Select both buttons and align them vertically and horizontally, using thealignment controls in the Align panel (Window > Align) or in the Controlpanel (Figure 5.28).Figure 5.28 Align thebuttons vertically andhorizontally.1 3. If it bothers you that those little buttons are surrounded by the oversizedartboard, there’s an easy way to snug the artboard up to the edge of one ofthe buttons. Select the button with the Selection tool, and choose Object >Artboards > Fit to Selected Art. If you’d like to stack up a few more buttonsin individual layers for practice, please do. Otherwise, save and close thefile, and quit Illustrator.When you use this kind of “button kit” in InDesign, you can choose whichlayer is displayed in a button state. Why make a single file when you’d useeach layer in a separate button? Because it can be really handy when you’remaking a bunch of buttons to only have to keep track of one art file, andyou’re guaranteed consistency in size and appearance. When I’m creatingChapter 5 Button Up102buttons for a project, I stack them all up in one Illustrator file, putting eachbutton on its own layer but aligned with all the other buttons, place the fileas many times as needed in InDesign, and fix the layer options for each but-ton. Then, if I want to change the color scheme, I fix the one “master” file inIllustrator, update in InDesign, and I’m finished.Creating Button Art in PhotoshopIf you’d prefer to create buttons in Photoshop, you won’t have the premadebutton art that you find in Illustrator, but you can still be very creative by usingsupplied layer styles and effects. However, you will find one limitation inPhotoshop that you don’t encounter in Illustrator: While Photoshop opacityattributes are honored by InDesign and Illustrator, blending mode attributesin a Photoshop file are not honored by InDesign or Illustrator. For example, abutton set to Multiply in Photoshop will not interact with underlying contentin Illustrator or InDesign (see Figure 5.29).Figure 5.29 The Multiplyblend mode in an Illustratorfile (left) is honored byInDesign, but the Multiplyblend mode is ignored in aplaced Photoshop file (right).Notice, however, that opacityattributes are honored in bothformats (the see-through ovalarea at the bottom of eachglobe).Understanding TransparencyWhat’s the difference between opacity and blending modes? It can be confus-ing, since both concepts are often referred to as “transparency.” Maybe thiswill help:■ When 60% opacity is applied to an object (whether it’s in Illustrator,Photoshop, or InDesign), this allows underlying art to show through at40% opacity; the total is always 100%. Example: A solid cyan object setto 60% opacity and placed on top of a solid yellow object will produce anoverlapping area of 60% cyan and 40% yellow (see Figure 5.30). Opacityeffects are treated the same in Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.Figure 5.30 The cyan squareis set to 60% opacity, andplaced over a solid yellowsquare. The overlap area is60% cyan, 40% yellow.Creating Button Art in Photoshop 103■ Blending modes allow objects to interact with underlying objects in avariety of ways: adding the numeric values of applied colors together,subtracting the color values of one object from another, multiplying thevalues, and so on. The resulting combination may be lighter or darker thanthe original interacting color, or may be completely different (see Figure5.31). Blending modes are honored within a Photoshop file, but lost whenthe image is placed in Illustrator or InDesign.Layer StylesNow you’ll experiment with some techniques for creating multilayer buttonsin Photoshop, using layer styles.1. Launch Photoshop CS5 (earlier versions are OK, too), and create a newRGB document, 2 inches wide by 1 inch tall, 300 ppi resolution, with atransparent background (Figure 5.32). Name the file MetalButton.psdand save it in the Transparency folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder.Figure 5.32 Create a newPhotoshop document withthese settings.2. Open the Color panel (Window > Color), choose RGB Sliders from theColor Panel menu, and create a color with the values R0-G170-B180 (atasteful teal). Click OK.3. In the Options bar at the top of the interface, choose the Shape Layersoption ( ); it’s the first icon in the row of options for vector draw-ing. This allows you to draw color-filled areas with vector edges. While theartwork will render as pixels in Photoshop, having a vector mask makes iteasier to modify the shape of the button.4. Click the Rectangle tool in the Tools panel, hold down the mouse buttonto reveal the other tools hidden under the Rectangle tool, and select theRounded Rectangle tool (Figure 5.33). In the Options bar, set the Radiusvalue to 60 px, and then click and drag to create a capsule-like button pathOverlap: C100-Y100Overlap: M100-K100Figure 5.31 Blending modes:Solid cyan square set to Multiplyblend mode (top), and Exclusionblend mode (bottom). Note thecolor values in the overlappingareas.Figure 5.33 Choose theRounded Rectangle tool,hidden under the Rectangletool, and create a basic button.Chapter 5 Button Up104in the image. Leave a little room between the button and the edge of theimage. Photoshop names the layer Shape Layer 1. Double-click the layername and rename it Base Button. Save the file as MetalButton.psd inthe Ch_5_Exercises folder.5. That’s a pretty dull button. You need to give it some depth. It’s time to playwith some of the Layer Styles that ship with Photoshop. Open the Stylespanel (Window > Styles) to view the default layer styles (Figure 5.34). Inthe Layers panel, select the Shape 1 layer and choose one of the styles.Undo the selection, and then try another style. If you need to undo mul-tiple operations, use Cmd-Opttion-Z (Mac) or Ctrl-Alt-Z (Windows) tostep back through time. Undo until you’re back to the original dull button,or just select the Effects entry in the Layers panel and drag it to the trashcan at the bottom right corner of the panel (it doesn’t seem like this willwork, until you touch the trash can with the “hand” cursor; then the styleis deleted).Figure 5.34 The defaultcollection of layer stylescontains a general assortmentof style possibilities, but just afew styles that work for buttonappearances.6. The default styles are cute, but there are more styles, and many of themare more suitable for button artwork. From the Styles panel menu, youcan select other groups of styles that ship with Photoshop; the Buttons,Glass Buttons, and Web Styles collections are great resources. Choosethe Buttons collection, and you’ll be asked if you want to replace the cur-rent assortment of styles (Figure 5.35). If you click the Append button,the new styles are added to the existing assortment. If you click OK, theCreating Button Art in Photoshop 105existing styles are replaced with the new styles. If you click Cancel, you’llexit the dialog without changing the current contents of the Styles panel.For this exercise, click OK to replace the default set of styles with theButtons set. (After the exercise, choose Reset Styles from the Styles panelmenu to return to the default set of styles.)Figure 5.35 You have thechoice of replacing existinglayer styles, or adding newstyles to the panel. For thisexercise, click OK to replacestyles.7. If necessary, reselect the Shape 1 layer in the Layers panel and deleteany lingering effects by dragging them to the Layers panel trash. Then,begin experimenting with some of the new styles. You have a lot to playwith; there are 32 styles available in the Buttons collection. When you’rethrough playing, apply the Red Star style (Figure 5.36).Figure 5.36 The Buttons styles are tailoredfor decorating buttons. Keep in mind thatyou can use a style as a starting point andthen modify it to suit your tastes. For thisexercise, choose the Red Star style.8. Examine the Layers panel, and you’ll see that all the effects that constitutethe Red Star style are revealed there. The Gradient Overlay effect providesthe star appearance; the Bevel and Emboss effect adds dimension; and theDrop Shadow effect provides the black shadow that lifts the button off thebackground (Figure 5.37). You can easily modify the effects or add newones to change the look of the button.Chapter 5 Button Up106Figure 5.37 The Red Starstyle consists of just threeeffects: Drop Shadow, Beveland Emboss, and a GradientOverlay. That’s how easy it is tocreate your own styles.9. Double-click the Gradient Overlay entry in the Layers panel to show thesettings that were used to create the effect. Experiment with the settings.Choose another gradient from the Gradient pull-down menu, load anotherset of gradients from within the Layer Style dialog, or try another style ofgradient (you can choose from linear, radial, angle, reflected, and diamond).You can also scale the gradient effect. You can even choose another setof gradients to apply (Figure 5.38). If you choose another collection ofgradients, you’ll be asked if you want to append or replace the currentgradients. Try the Metals collection, and change the gradient style toAngle. Select the Silver gradient and click OK.Figure 5.38 To loadadditional gradients into theGradient Overlay options, clickthe little circle-and-triangleicon in the display of currentgradients and choose a newcollection. For this exercise,choose the Metals collection.Creating Button Art in Photoshop 10710. To add your new silver angle style to the Styles panel, just hover over anempty spot in the panel. When you see the bucket icon ( ), click to addthe style. In the small New Style dialog that appears (Figure 5.39), namethe style SilverAngle and click OK. Save the file and keep it open for thenext section.Using Layer Comps to Store Image States You’ve already learned that youcan use Object Layer Options in InDesign to control the visibility of layersin placed PSD and AI files, but what if you only have one layer with a bunchof layer styles piled into it? You could duplicate layers and apply styles tothem separately, but that can add to file size. It would be nice to do it all inone layer. Fortunately, there’s a workaround. You can use Photoshop’s LayerComps feature to control the visibility of individual layer styles, and invokethe layer comps in InDesign. Layer comps are a method for storing the vis-ibility, positions, and styles applied to layers. They’re a great tool when you’reexperimenting with an image; you don’t have to remember which “eyeballs”to turn on and off to quickly switch between versions of an image. This is par-ticularly helpful when you’re showing several options to an impatient client.There is one caveat: Apply all the styles necessary, even though they won’t allbe visible at once. Then create the layer comps to control them.1. Now you’ll build multiple appearances for the button by adding morelayer styles. At the bottom of the Layers panel, click the “fx” icon ( )and choose Pattern Overlay. Click the pull-down control next to the bluebubble pattern and you’ll find... a grand total of two patterns. But there aremore. Click the small triangle-in-a-circle icon on the corner of the two-pattern collection, and you’ll find more collections of patterns (Figure 5.40).Choose the Patterns collection, and, as you did when you were loadinglayer styles, click OK to replace the current paltry collection.Figure 5.39 Give the newlayer style a descriptive name.If the style includes blendingmodes, check the IncludeLayer Blending Options box.Chapter 5 Button Up1082. Once the new patterns are loaded, you can hover your cursor over athumbnail for a few seconds to see the name of the pattern. Choose theSatin pattern and click OK in the Layer Style dialog to add it to yourmetal button. You can’t see the Satin pattern immediately, because it’sbelow the Gradient Overlay effect. Turn off the eyeball visibility controlby the Gradient Overlay to see the satin effect, and then turn the GradientOverlay effect back on. For layer comps to behave correctly in InDesign,you have to create all the effects, and then create the layer comps to con-trol them; otherwise, InDesign seems to get a bit confused.3. Now you’ll add a color effect. At the bottom of the Layers panel, clickthe “fx” icon and choose Color Overlay. Set the Blend Mode to Multiply,choose a light blue color by clicking the little color block next to the BlendMode pull-down menu (Figure 5.41), and then click OK. Notice that thenew effect is automatically placed above the gradient and pattern over-lays in the list of effects in the Layers panel. (You can’t move effects upand down to change their stacking order, as you can with layers, so this isfortunate; otherwise, the color effect would be hidden.) Save the file andkeep it open for the next step.Figure 5.40 Choose thePatterns set from the sidemenu in the Pattern Overlaydialog, and replace the twopatterns in the default set.Creating Button Art in Photoshop 1094. Now it’s time to create some layer comps. Make sure all the effects are vis-ible (i.e., their eyeballs are “on”) before you start. Open the Layer Compspanel (Window > Layer Comps), and turn off the Color Overlay effect byclicking its eyeball; you should just see the SilverAngle gradient applied tothe beveled button at this point. Click the Create New Layer Comp icon( ) on the bottom of the Layer Comps panel to store the current stateof the image. Name the comp Silver Angle, and check the Visibility andAppearance options (Figure 5.42). Note that you can also store the cur-rent position of layers in a layer comp. In this image, you’ll be using layercomps to control the visibility of layer styles rather than layers. Click OKand keep the file open.Figure 5.42 Note what alayer comp can store: visibility,layer position, and layer styles.You can even add a commentto remind you what the layercomp is for.5. Turn off the eyeball by the Gradient Overlay style to reveal the satinPattern Overlay. Then, create a new layer comp and name it Satin.6. Turn on the eyeball by the Color Overlay style, create a new layer comp,and name it Blue Satin. Click the square to the left of each comp andmake sure the image appearance changes accordingly. When you’rethrough checking the layer comps, select the first layer comp in the list inFigure 5.41 When creatingthe Color Overlay effect, setthe Blend Mode to Multiply,and choose a light blue color.IMPORTANT: The imagemust be saved with the firstlayer comp selected and activein the Layer Comps panel, evenif that comp won’t be used forthe initial (Normal) state of thebutton. If any other layer compis active when the image issaved, it won’t behave correctlyin InDesign. This is only true forimages in which the first layercomp hides some effects (akalayer styles). If the first layercomp involves hiding somelayers, all is well. But if the firstlayer comp involves hidingeffects, you must be sure tosave the file with the first layercomp active. It’s just One OfThose Things. This advice ap-plies whether you’re using theimage as button artwork, or justas static artwork in the InDesigndocument.Chapter 5 Button Up110the Layer Comp panel (Figure 5.43), which should be the Silver Anglecomp. This last step is very important.Figure 5.43 IMPORTANT:When you save the file, selectthe first layer comp in the listby clicking the square to theleft of the layer comp name,even if that won’t be thedefault appearance for thebutton.7. Save the image, and launch InDesign to test the layer comps. Create a newWeb document (the dimensions aren’t important; this is just a test) andplace the MetalButton.psd file. Convert the image to a button, and thenselect the Rollover state in the Buttons panel to activate it. Select theimage by clicking the Content Grabber or by switching to the white arrowand clicking inside the button. Choose Object > Object Layer Options,select Satin from the Layer Comp pull-down menu (Figure 5.44), andclick OK. If the Preview option is checked, you’ll see the button appear-ance change accordingly; it will appear pixelated until you click OK, butdon’t be alarmed.Figure 5.44 Select the imageinside the button, chooseObject > Object Layer Options,and select the layer comp youwant to use for the selectedbutton state.Creating Button Art in Photoshop 1118. That was fun; let’s do it again! Select the Click state in the Buttons panel tomake it active, select the image inside the button, choose Object > ObjectLayer Options, select Blue Satin from the Layer Comp pull-down menu,and click OK. Click the Preview Spread icon ( ) at the bottom of theButtons panel and test the button. Save the file if you like, although it isn’tused in future exercises.Layer comps aren’t necessary if you’re building simple button images with onelayer per button state, but they’re very useful if the button states will requirethat you control the visibility of multiple layers. And they’re crucial if you’reusing layer styles on a single layer. Just don’t forget to choose the topmostentry in the Layer Comps panel before you save the image in Photoshop.On Your Own Experiment with duplicating layers, applying different styles orcolor-adjustment layers, and creating new layer styles. Play with some of theother layer styles available (Figure 5.45). There’s no excuse for an ugly button!Figure 5.45 Even more layerstyles to try on buttons: theGlass Buttons styles (left) andWeb styles (right).Chapter 5 Button Up112Looking SharpAlthough you created a vector mask by creating a Shape layer when you created themetal button, you may be disappointed that the edge of the button is obviously madeof pixels when you place it in InDesign. If you create small buttons or buttons withfancy edges, you may lose some defi nition when you place such images as Photoshop(.psd) fi les. But there is a way to preserve nice crisp edges, and it’s a method that youmight want to use for buttons or other Photoshop images with vector content (suchas text): Save the fi le as a Photoshop PDF. The fi le will still show the edges of vectorcontent as being rendered in pixels when viewed in Photoshop, but InDesign willrespect the vector mask and render the edge perfectly (Figure 5.46).The Photoshop PDF can be reopened in Photoshop with no loss of resolution, byusing File > Open. Don’t double-click such a file, or it will just open in Acrobat. Think ofthe image as a Photoshop fi le in a PDF costume. To other applications it’s a PDF, butPhotoshop can lift the lid and get to the true image inside.However, there is a downside to saving as Photoshop PDF. Although layers and layercomps are retained when you reopen the fi le in Photoshop, they’re not recognized byInDesign under Object Layer Options. So use this option only when the rendering ofcrisp vector content is of most importance. You could still assign separate appearancesto button states in InDesign, but you’d have to have a separate graphic for each stateif each state will require a Photoshop PDF. (TIP: Create the individual Photoshop PDFs,and then combine them in Acrobat to create a multipage PDF.)Figure 5.46 A vector edgein a placed Photoshop (.psd)file will render as pixelsin InDesign (top). But aPhotoshop PDF retains theclean vector edge whenplaced in InDesign (bottom).Button Actions 113Button ActionsNow that you’ve explored how to make attractive buttons in Photoshop,Illustrator, and InDesign, you’ll explore a few more button actions to add tothe actions you learned about in Chapter 2.1. In the Novel folder inside the Ch_5_Exercises folder, open the fileNovel_Start.indd. Choose File > Save As and name the new file Novel_Working.indd. You’ll be modifying the navigation buttons in the file tomake sure the reader can get to the desired pages. The navigation buttonswere created on the master page, so they appear on every page in the doc-ument based on the master. This makes it much easier to edit the buttons’appearance or function—you just have to do it once!2. Open the Preview panel, set it to Preview Document mode, and test thebuttons. You’ll notice that the Next Page ( ) and Previous Page ( )buttons work correctly, but the Home button ( ) doesn’t do anything.The First Page button ( ) takes the reader to the cover of the novel, andthe potential Last Page button has no action and the wrong appearance.But all of these issues are easy to fix. Keep the file open.In this document, you don’t intend to lead readers back to the cover whenthey click the First Page button; you want to take them back to the first pageof the story, which is actually the fourth page of document. But the First Pagebutton action only cares about the first page of the document, regardless ofnumbering and section starts. So you’ll have to use another method to takethe readers to the start of the story.3. All of the buttons are on the A-Master page. In the Pages panel, double-click the A-Master icon to navigate to the master. You’ll fix the Last Pagebutton (last button on the right). It isn’t a button, and its appearance isincorrect. First, convert it to a button. Select the frame, right-click (Mac:Control-click), and choose Interactive > Convert to Button.4. In the Buttons panel, name the button last, and choose the Go To LastPage action from the Actions pull-down.5. Now you’ll fix the appearance of the button. Select the graphic inside theframe by clicking the viewfinder-like Content Grabber icon (or switchingto the white arrow and clicking inside the frame), and then choose Object >Object Layer Options (or right-click/Control-click to choose Object LayerOptions). You need to turn off the visibility for all layers except the last layer.Chapter 5 Button Up114You could click all the other eyeball icons to turn off the unwanted layers,but you can accomplish this more efficiently: Just Alt/Option-click theeyeball by the last layer, and all other layers are turned off (Figure 5.47).This little trick works in Photoshop, InDesign, and Illustrator to quicklyhide all but the desired layer. It’s nice that it works in the Object LayerOptions dialog, too. Click OK.Figure 5.47 Alt/Option-click the eyeball by thelast page layer, and allother layers are instantlyturned off. Think howmuch longer your mousewill last.6. The First Page button ( ) jumps to the cover of the novel. To make itconnect to the first page of the story, you’ll have to use another method.You’ll take advantage of an existing hyperlink as the method for creatinga “landing pad.” Select the First Page button and, in the Buttons panel,delete the existing action by clicking the minus sign next to the Actionslabel. Click OK in the alert that appears, asking if you truly want to deletethe action.7. To take the reader to the first page of the story, click the plus sign next tothe Actions label, and choose the Go To Destination action (Figure 5.48).Notice that the options in the panel change, depending on the actionthat’s selected.The destinations currently available in the document were created whena Table of Contents was generated for the file. The TOC process automati-cally generates bookmarks and destinations; that’s why you can click aTOC entry in an exported SWF or interactive PDF to jump to the targettext. Choose the destination named I. A New Beginning, leave other set-ting at the defaults, and test the button. Save the file and keep it open forthe next step.NOTE: Bookmarks, page hyper-links, and text anchor hyperlinksare all methods of jumping todestinations.Button Actions 115Figure 5.48 The destinationsare available because ofbookmarks (and theirdestinations) created duringthe generation of the Tableof Contents. Otherwise, theDestination pull-down wouldbe empty.8. The Home button should take readers back to the Table of Contents. You’lluse a manually created anchor to provide a landing spot for the Homebutton. Go to page iii of the document (the Table of Contents page), openthe Hyperlinks panel (Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks), and choose NewHyperlink Destination from the panel menu. Create a page hyperlink,name it TOC, make sure it’s targeting page iii, and click OK (Figure 5.49).Figure 5.49 A page hyperlinkdestination works in both SWFand interactive PDF export,whereas a Go To Page actionworks only in SWF.You can create three types of hyperlink destinations:■ Page. Target any page in the document. While this produces thesame result as the Go To Page action, it works in both SWF and PDFexport, which might be handy if you’re planning to export to both for-mats. You can choose a zoom option (Inherit Zoom, Actual Size, Fitin Window, Fit Width, or Fit Visible), but the zoom options only workwhen you export to interactive PDF; they’re ignored in SWF export.The hyperlink still takes the reader to the page in a SWF, but does notexercise the zoom.Chapter 5 Button Up116■ Text Anchor. Select text (or just click in text without selecting) tocreate a target. This works in both PDF and SWF export.■ URL. Store a Web address (e.g., http://www.peachpit.com) or e-mailaddress (e.g., mailto:you@peachpit.com) to be targeted with the Go ToURL button action. URL hyperlink destinations work in both PDF andSWF export.9. Now you’ll hook the Home button up to the hyperlink destination on theTOC page. In the Pages panel, double-click the A-Master icon to return tothe master page. Select the Home button ( ), choose the Go To Destinationaction, and select TOC from the Destination pull-down menu (Figure 5.50).Preview the document and test the buttons.Figure 5.50 Destinationscan be created automaticallywhile generating a Table ofContents, or manually bycreating a page or text anchor.10. All the wiring should be working now. You just need to do a little bit ofcleanup:■ On the cover page (the first page of the document), delete all but theNext Page button. Hold down Cmd-Shift (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift (Windows)as you select the buttons to unlock them, since they’re locked masterpage items. Center the Next button horizontally, using Smart Guides(View > Smart Guides to toggle the feature on and off ).■ On the second page of the document (the biography page), delete theFirst Page and Last Page buttons.Button Actions 117■ On the TOC page (page iii), delete the First Page and Home buttons.To center the remaining buttons, unlock them all, distribute themevenly, and then select all the buttons and group them; that makes itmuch easier to trigger the magenta Smart Guide that appears when youhit the center of the page (how did we live without Smart Guides?).■ On the last page of the document, delete the Next Page and Last Pagebuttons, and then group and recenter the remaining buttons. Save thefile as Novel_Final.indd in the Novel folder.11. Export the novel to SWF (File > Export), select the SWF folder inside theNovel folder in the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and choose Flash Player (SWF)as the format. Uncheck the Include Interactive Page Curl option; it wouldbe cute, but redundant since you have the navigation buttons. Leave allthe other settings at their defaults.1 2. Your default browser should launch after the export is complete. Test thenavigation buttons, as well as the hyperlinks in the Table of Contents.Think about the results:■ Do you think the buttons are satisfactory?■ Would you change anything—color, position, appearance—if it wereyour own document?■ Do you think the buttons are obvious, or do you think there shouldbe a legend page that tells the reader how to navigate through thedocument?These are some of the questions you’ll have to ask yourself as you startadding navigation controls to your own files. It can be a challenge toanticipate the needs of the audience that will view and interact with yourproject. Navigation controls should be intuitive, but not interfere withthe viewing experience. It’s a good idea to enlist other users to test yourprojects before you deploy them.A Quick Guide to Button ActionsYou’ve experimented with many of the available button actions in this andprevious chapters, but it might be nice to have a list of the possible buttonactions all in one place. And keep in mind that more than one button actioncan be assigned to a single trigger such as a mouse click; you can trigger ananimation, play a video, activate a sound, and show a hidden button contain-ing artwork, all with a single click. Such sensory overload might be a shockChapter 5 Button Up118to your viewer, however. Here’s a guide to actions that can be triggered bybuttons.SWF and PDF Actions Most actions work in both SWF and PDF export. Theactions that function only in SWF, or only in PDF, are separated from the mainlist for clarity. This first group of actions works in both SWF and PDF export.■ Go To Destination. Jumps to a “landing site” such as a page or text anchor.Destinations can be created by choosing New Hyperlink Destination fromthe Hyperlinks panel. Destinations are also automatically created andnamed when you generate a Table of Contents. The target of each TOCentry is added to the list of available destinations in the document. Notethat destinations do not appear as a list in the Hyperlinks panel; they areonly shown in the Go To Destination dialog.■ Go To First Page. Jumps to the first page of the document. Note that, toa button action, “first page” is the actual first page of the document, evenif it’s been designated as “page 35,” because you’ve introduced a sectionstart with the Numbering & Section Options available in the Pagespanel menu.■ Go To Last Page. No ambiguity to this option; it takes the reader to thelast page of the document.■ Go To Next Page. Takes the reader to the next consecutive page.■ Go To Previous Page. Takes the reader to the previous consecutive page.■ Go To URL. Launches the reader’s default browser and opens the Webpage in the URL link (such as http://www.peachpit.com). Note that thehttp:// segment of the Web address must be included, or clicking the linkwill yield an error for the reader. The Go To URL action can also be used totrigger the reader’s default e-mail program. To do this, use the mailto format(e.g., mailto:bob@peachpit.com, with no space between the colon and thetarget e-mail address).■ Show/Hide Buttons. This action causes another button (or buttons) toappear or disappear. It’s frequently used for rollover effects. The Show/Hideaction always requires two players: a button to trigger the action, andanother button (or buttons) to play hide-and-seek.Button Actions 119■ Sound. Triggers a sound that’s been placed in the document. Sounds mustbe in the MP3 format.■ Video. Triggers a video that’s been placed in the document.SWF-Only Actions The following actions work only in SWF export, and areignored in an interactive PDF.■ Animation. Plays, pauses, stops, resumes, or even reverses an animation(or multiple animations).■ Go To Page. Jumps to a target page. (Note that page numbering is basedon the absolute position of the page in the document, not any numberingimposed by the Numbering & Section Options in the Pages panel.)■ Go To State. Displays a named state of a multistate object.■ Go To Next State. Displays the next consecutive state of a multistate object.■ Go To Previous State. Displays the previous consecutive state of a multi-state object.PDF-Only Actions The last four actions work only when the file is exportedto the Interactive PDF format.■ Go To Next View. A “view” in Acrobat is a specific zoom factor and page.You can think of Acrobat views as being much like the breadcrumb trailyou invoke with the back and forward buttons in a Web browser. What aGo To Next View action accomplishes depends on what pages (and mag-nifications) the reader has viewed. Go To Next View will only jump to an-other page or zoom if the reader has already backtracked a bit.■ Go To Previous View. Allows the reader to backtrack through a PDF,jumping back to pages (or zoom factors) previously viewed.■ Open File. Opens a document file of any format (not limited to PDFs).Note that, for security reasons, Open File will not independently launch anapplication (e.g., you cannot set it to launch a browser or Microsoft Word).The reader must have the appropriate application to open the target file;for example, if you set a button to open a Microsoft Excel file, but thereader does not have Excel, they will not be able to open the file.■ View Zoom. Activates one of the preset zoom factors in Acrobat, includ-ing Full Screen, Fit In Window, Fit Width, and so on.This page intentionally left blankChapter 6You’ve tweaked and polished your interactive InDesigndocument, carefully previewed it countless times, andshown it to your best friend over and over. It’s time tounleash your project on the world!As with most endeavors, it pays to start with well-tunedcontent and follow the rules of the road as you conveyyour content to the Web. You’ll encounter some speedbumps along the way, and a few stop signs. You’ll haveto yield to software limitations and viewer requirements.OK. Enough with the highway metaphors. Let’s hit theroad. (Sorry. Last one. I promise.) Before we examine ex-port and deployment, let’s consider the importance ofstarting with healthy content.Exporting and DeploymentChapter 6 Exporting and Deployment122Off to a Good StartYou may be familiar with the technical term GIGO: Garbage In, Garbage Out.In print production, high resolution trumps low resolution, CMYK trumpsRGB, vector trumps raster. You have to alter your beliefs as you begin creatingWeb content.Preparing content for the Web turns some of those fundamentals upsidedown. In Web reality, low resolution is preferable to high resolution (becauseof file size), and RGB is better than CMYK. (You don’t have to change all yourbeliefs, however; since SWF and FLA formats support vector art, you can stilluse crisp vector art without having to rasterize vector content.) Some otherhabits, such as building to correct dimensions and organizing your supportfiles, carry through as you make the move from print to Web.Document DimensionsWhen you begin a new document and choose Web from the Intent pull-downmenu (Figure 6.1), InDesign displays options for page sizes that correspondto onscreen dimensions. A document based on the Web intent uses pixels asthe default unit of measurement, creates swatches as RGB values, and auto-matically chooses the RGB transparency blend space.While most users are likely to have monitors capable of at least 1024 by 768pixels, InDesign’s default Web page size is 800 pixels by 600 pixels, which fitscomfortably on most laptop screens—even compact netbooks—and providesFigure 6.1 Choose the Webintent, and InDesign providesa list of appropriate pagedimensions for Web projects.Graphics 123plenty of room for content. If you’re creating a project that you’ll present fromyour own screen, you may want to choose a more generous page size, sinceyou have total control over how the content will be shown or projected.But what if you’re creating a document that will serve as the basis for bothprinted and onscreen output? You could create two separate documents withcommon content, but that can be frustrating as you struggle to keep up withtwo versions of your project, making sure that any modifications are made toboth documents. This approach essentially doubles your work—just whatyou need!If you’re working on a project for which the landscape format is appropriate,build the print version of the document first; this gives you a head start. Then,when you’ve finalized the content (yes, I realize some clients make changesup to the last millisecond), save the print document, and then choose File >Save As to save a new version of the document. This will become the Webversion, but InDesign may be able to reduce the amount of rework you haveto do (especially if you’ve started with a landscape format). Choose Layout >Layout Adjustment, and check the Enable Layout Adjustment option (Figure6.2). Leave the other options at the default settings and click OK. This doesn’tchange the size of your document. It just gives InDesign permission to massagethe content if you do change the dimensions or the margins.Figure 6.2 The LayoutAdjustment feature allowsInDesign to massage pagecontent to fit altered marginsor page sizes.Once you’ve enabled Layout Adjustment, then you can choose File >Document Setup to change the dimensions of the document. While you can’tchange the intent to Web, you can still choose Web-appropriate dimensions.GraphicsThink of graphics—whether they are raster images or vector graphics—as thebasic building blocks of your projects. Just as you gather up the ingredientsbefore you cook, make sure you’re baking with the appropriate graphics.Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment124Color SpaceIf you’re building a project that’s solely destined for onscreen viewing, createimages and vector graphics in the RGB color space. In Photoshop, chooseImage > RGB Color to convert an image to the RGB color space (or assureyourself that it’s already an RGB image). In Illustrator, choose File > DocumentColor Mode > RGB Color. In both applications, you can continue to choosecolors from the CMYK color space, but the colors will be rendered as RGBvalues in the documents set to RGB color space. In Illustrator, spot colorsretain their spot color identity, but they will be rendered as RGB when the fileis incorporated into an InDesign file set up with the Web intent and exportedto SWF, FLA, or interactive PDF.If you’re creating a project that will take both forks in the road (Web andprint), start with the print document and create graphics in the correct colormodes or print (CMYK, grayscale, and spot), and let InDesign do the heavylifting for you. If you duplicate a print-destined InDesign document, modify itfor Web viewing (see “Document Dimensions,” above), and export to SWF orFLA, all CMYK and spot color content is converted to sRGB (a subset of RGB,deemed the “lowest common denominator” for onscreen viewing) during ex-port. This means that you don’t have to keep two sets of graphics.TransparencyIf you’re converting a print document to a Web document, you must ensurethat CMYK content with transparency effects (such as shadows or blendmodes) is correctly handled, so you should choose Edit > Transparency BlendSpace > Document RGB. This determines the color space that InDesign usesto “do the math” as it exports graphic content and figures out how to renderit in final form. You don’t have to convert your graphics to RGB; that happensautomatically during export to SWF, FLA, or interactive PDF.When you choose the Web intent while creating a new document, InDesignautomatically sets the Transparency Blend Space to RGB.Be careful when using transparency effects on objects that overlap multi-media content. If the multimedia content is completely covered, you may beunable to click through the stacking order to activate the content, or to usecontrols (such as player skins in videos). Usually, if some part of the multime-dia component is uncovered, it’s accessible—and thus, clickable. Always test,test, test everything. And then test again.Graphics 125ResolutionIf you’ve spent years designing for print, you’re accustomed to believing thatimages should be about 300 ppi (pixels per inch) at final size. Web content,by contrast, is traditionally 72–96 ppi. If you’re preparing an InDesign filethat will be exported to SWF or FLA, feel free to work with lower-resolutionimages to start with. But if you’re using content that will also be used forprint projects, you don’t have to perform extra work copying images to makelow-resolution versions of them. Just keep the resolution high; InDesign willdownsample image content on the way out the door as it exports the project.That’s one less thing for you to worry about.Streamlining Graphic ContentWhen you add either Photoshop or Illustrator content to an InDesign file, it’sbest to use File > Place (which should be your habit anyway). But occasionallyit’s desirable to copy content in Illustrator and paste it into an InDesign file.For example, you might want to change the color of a vector-based icon oneach page without having to keep up with several different Illustrator files.If you paste the content directly into InDesign (rather than placing it), youcan manipulate the color and individual paths with InDesign’s vector tools.If you attempt to paste an exceedingly complex piece of Illustrator artworkwith thousands of points, however, InDesign warns you of the folly of such amove, and takes the law into its own hands (Figure 6.3).Figure 6.3 Pasting (ratherthan placing) complexIllustrator files is not a goodidea, and InDesign prevents it.When you export to SWF, all Illustrator content is treated the same, regard-less of whether it was placed or pasted. But when you export to FLA, you willfind that file size is larger than it would be if content had been placed ratherthan pasted.You can economize exported file size by placing graphics (whether they’reimages or vector art) on a master page if they’ll be repeated on multipledocument pages, rather than placing the graphics multiple times. If you don’tedit the instances of the master object on document pages (for example, byChapter 6 Exporting and Deployment126scaling, cropping, or rotating), that object is treated as one object (with mul-tiple references) in the outgoing FLA file. However, if you modify the objectson document pages, they’re seen as separate objects in the FLA file, each ofwhich has its own identity.Exporting to SWF From InDesignWhen you choose File > Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format, youhave to make some choices about how the project is treated during export.General SettingsIn the General section of the Export SWF dialog (Figure 6.4), you can justaccept the defaults and click OK, or you can exercise control over a numberof the exported file’s attributes.Figure 6.4 Default options forexporting to SWF from InDesign.Note that the interactive page curlis on by default.Here’s an overview of the General options for SWF export:■ Export Selection. You can select an object (or several objects) in a pageand export the selection to SWF.■ Page Range. The default is All Pages. To specify individual pages, use ahyphen to separate contiguous pages, and commas to indicate discon-tiguous pages. For example, to export pages 1, 3, and 4, enter 1, 3-4 in theRange field.Exporting to SWF From InDesign 127■ Generate HTML File. The HTML file that’s generated is a sort of hostfile, which enables you (or your audience) to view the SWF by openingthe HTML file in a Web browser. This is easier than requiring the enduser to have a stand-alone SWF viewer, and faster than learning AdobeDreamweaver to create your own HTML.■ View SWF after Exporting. This option automatically launches yourdefault Web browser and displays the SWF file. (This option is not avail-able if you deselect the Generate HTML File option.)■ Size. You can specify a scale factor, choose from a list of popular sizesfor onscreen viewing (such 1280 x 800 or 1024 x 768), or enter customdimensions.■ Background. Paper Color produces a white background (assuming youhaven’t covered up the background area with objects or modified the defi-nition of the [Paper] swatch). The Transparent option lets the color of thedefault browser background show through empty areas, but prevents youfrom using page transitions or the interactive page curl. You’ll have to pro-vide navigation controls, such as buttons, so the viewer can page througha SWF with a transparent background. In the HTML file generated byInDesign as a companion file, the background color is hexadecimal value#999999, a charcoal gray.■ Interactivity and Media. Include All does just what you think—it includesall multimedia content and interactive elements such as buttons. If youexamine the files and folders created when you export an InDesign filecontaining multimedia to SWF, you’ll see that multimedia files are storedin a separate folder, with _Resources in the folder name. The AppearanceOnly option exports noninteractive placeholders that look like the inter-active content but don’t do anything. This could be helpful if you want toshow a client how the finished piece will appear, without giving away thestore by providing them finished, fully functional content.■ Page Transitions. Select the From Document option (default) to usewhatever transitions were applied to document pages, or disable existingpage transitions by selecting None. You can also choose a page transitionfrom the pull-down, such as Box, Comb, Dissolve, or Fade.■ Include Interactive Page Curl. The page curl effect is selected by default.While it provides an easy method for viewers to click through a multipageSWF (provided they figure out they should click a corner to turn pages),you’ll want to turn it off if you’ve provided navigational buttons for pagingChapter 6 Exporting and Deployment128through a document. Otherwise, the page curl will be activated when theuser clicks near a corner, and prevent them from using a button that’spositioned near the corner.If you just leave the settings unchanged and click OK, InDesign uses itsdefault approach to image compression and text handling. With the excep-tion of disabling the interactive page curl when it gets in your way, you’llprobably get satisfactory results with the default settings.Advanced SettingsIf you want more detailed control over exporting SWF files, click the Advancedbutton at the top of the Export SWF dialog to explore more options.Don’t be intimidated by the options available in the Advanced mode of theExport SWF dialog (Figure 6.5). It offers play-by-play built-in help; hover overthe label by any field in the dialog, and the Description field displays informa-tion about the option.Figure 6.5 InDesign provideshelpful hints in the Advancedmode of the Export SWFdialog. Hover over a field label,and read the text that appearsin the Description field.129Exporting to SWF From InDesignHere’s an overview of the Advanced options for SWF export:■ Frame Rate. The default 24 frames per second (fps) is the same defaultsetting used by Flash Professional. Higher frame rates equate to smootheranimations and larger file sizes. Frame rates above 24 fps are overkill, andvalues below 20 fps may result in choppy animation.■ Text. Flash Classic Text results in smaller file sizes. Converting to outlinesresults in larger files (because letter-shaped vector objects are seen asobjects, not text), and rasterizing text results in the largest file size,because lightweight text content is replaced with pixels.■ Options. Rasterize Pages converts all page content (including vectorobjects and text) to pixels. Flatten Transparency renders transparentobjects as opaque objects that retain the appearance of the original effects.Both options disable all interactivity in the SWF.■ Compression. The default JPEG (Lossy) option is suitable for most condi-tions. The PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format supports transparencyand 24-bit color, but can result in large files. The Automatic option letsInDesign apply what it considers to be appropriate settings on an image-by-image basis. Unless you have some reason to fiddle with the settings,leave the Compression setting at JPEG.■ JPEG Quality. You can select the degree of JPEG compression by choosinga quality setting. Maximum will result in the largest file size (but clearestimage content). Minimum will result in svelte SWFs, at the expense ofimage clarity. The High or Medium setting will usually result in reasonablefile sizes without obvious compression artifacts.■ Resolution. There’s no advantage to choosing a resolution greater than96 ppi. Perform an experiment using the default 72 ppi setting for oneexport, and 96 ppi for another. Compare the results onscreen and see ifyou think the 96 ppi value results in better display quality. As you mightexpect, higher resolution results in a larger export file size. Unless you planto place the SWF into a Flash Professional project and use ActionScript toprovide a method for zooming in for an enlarged view, there’s no need togo beyond 96 ppi, because the viewer won’t have any way of zooming.TIP: If you’ve been experiment-ing with export settings andwant to return to the defaultsettings, hold down Option(Mac) or Alt (Windows) and theCancel button in the ExportSWF dialog becomes a Resetbutton. Click that button whileholding down the Option/Altkey, and the export settingsreturn to the factory values.Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment130Deploying SWF FilesOnce you’ve chosen the appropriate options and exported your project toSWF, you have to determine how to distribute your project for the viewingpleasure of your audience. Sending your finished piece as an e-mail attachmentis usually not a satisfactory approach, unless you have a very small targetaudience. The sensible solutions are to make your project available on theInternet (or an intranet if it’s a production for in-house viewing) or to distrib-ute the project on disc (appropriate for sending out a portfolio or résumé).Deploying to the Web (or Intranet)When you export a project containing multimedia components to SWF, themultimedia files are stored in a support folder named after the original filename, plus “_Resources” (Figure 6.6). In much the same way as a packagedInDesign file looks next door in its own Links folder to find support art, theSWF file expects the multimedia files to be in the _Resources folder.Because the SWF is hard-wired to look for its multimedia support in a par-ticular folder, you must not delete that folder, rename it, or move it. Thefolder architecture must remain intact for the project to behave correctly.There is one feature of the final project folder that you should change beforeyou upload your project. Unless you want to require your viewers to type thecomplete directory path of the host HTML file that is generated along withthe SWF, you should do the following:1. Name the enclosing folder something simple, all lowercase. In the exam-ple in Figure 6.6, the enclosing folder is named citycenter.2. Rename the host HTML file either index.html or default.html (I alwaysuse index.html). If you do this, the viewer only has to enter your mainURL, followed by the name of the folder containing the index.html file.Web browsers “know” to automatically launch an HTML file with thatname when it exists in a directory; all you have to do is lead the viewerto the directory, and the browser does the rest. Instead of having to typewww.myparticularwebaddress.com/citycenter/CityCenterDone.html,Figure 6.6 Any multimediacontent related to a SWF fileis stored in the _Resourcesdirectory. Don’t move, rename,or delete this folder duringdeployment.Deploying SWF Files 131they can just type www.myparticularwebaddress.com/citycenter.After you’ve renamed the HTML file index.html, the directory structurelooks like Figure 6.7.Once you’ve modified the name of the HTML file, upload the enclosing folderand its contents to your Web site and spread the word.If you’re storing the project on an in-house server for viewing, the process isthe same: Fix the HTML name, simplify the name of the enclosing folder, andupload the enclosing folder to the appropriate shared volume on your server.Your IT contact will have to advise you on the syntax you should provide tocolleagues who want to access the project (this will vary depending on thenetwork protocol and server type).Whether you’re deploying to a Web hosting server or to the server in youroffice, viewers will still need the current version of the Flash Player plug-infor their browser. If they attempt to view your project without the appropri-ate plug-in installed, they’ll receive an alert informing them that the contentrequires the Flash Player plug-in, along with a link so they can download andinstall the plug-in. If you’d like to provide that information to your viewers sothey can prepare to view your project, direct them to the download page onthe Adobe Web site: http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/.CD/DVD DistributionIf you’re creating a project that will be distributed on disc, you have severalchoices for enabling the viewer to experience your project. If you want theviewer to access the project by launching their browser, consider namingthe HTML file something inviting, such as DoubleclickMe.html. When theydouble-click the HTML file, their default browser will launch, and the projectwill load and play.Viewers can also use Adobe Media Player to view your project withouthaving to launch a browser. Adobe Media Player is available here: http://www.adobe.com/products/mediaplayer.Figure 6.7 Rename the HTMLfile index.html to make it a bitsimpler for viewers to accessyour project.Chapter 6 Exporting and Deployment132To allow the viewer to play your project with a stand-alone player (withouta browser), provide a link to the download page for the free Flash PlayerProjector application: http://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/downloads.html.A Projector file is a self-playing file that incorporates all multimedia content;it does not require a separate application or browser to play. When you exportto a Projector file, you have options for creating Mac or Windows projectors(or both). Typically, you would create a Projector file for each operating systemand include both files on disc.Note that, even though viewers can launch the SWF file of your project withthe Projector application, any multimedia resources must still be available,maintaining the original directory structure expected by the SWF file.If the recipients of your disc have the Flash Player Projector applicationinstalled, they’ll be able to double-click the SWF file and launch it directly.Since you can’t be assured that they will download the Projector application,however, it’s still best to distribute the host HTML file along with the SWF.Projector files are executables (EXE files on Windows, application files onMacintosh computers). In secure environments, installing any application—even your entertaining project—is discouraged. Additionally, Projector filescontain a specific version of Flash Player, which might be out of date.Instead of exporting to SWF, you could export your InDesign project to theeditable FLA format, open the FLA file in Flash Professional, edit it to play asyou want (more about that in Chapter 7), and then export the Flash projectas a Projector file. If you take this route, it simplifies distribution on disc,since no external program is necessary, but it may require you to do substan-tial work in Flash Professional to restore functionality that is lost when aninteractive InDesign file is exported to FLA. There is no option to directlyexport a self-playing Projector file from InDesign.There are still places your project won’t be playable. In locked-down corporateenvironments with security concerns, users might not be allowed to down-load or install any software (including Projector files and the Flash Playerplug-in). You have no control over the environments of your viewers, so there’sno guarantee that everyone in your target audience will be able to view yourproject. In anticipation of that, you might consider providing a link to a non-Flash version of your content that they can view in a browser without needingthe plug-in.Wrapping Up 133Wrapping UpThe easiest path out of InDesign is to export to SWF format and count onyour viewers to have a Web browser with the current Flash Player plug-ininstalled. Given that Adobe estimates that 99 percent of computers con-nected to the Internet have Flash Player (http://www.adobe.com/products/player_census/flashplayer/), you’re fairly safe sending your project out intothe world with the expectation that almost everyone has the software andhardware necessary to view it.Note that the 99 percent figure refers to computers, and it does not take intoconsideration that there are popular devices in the marketplace that, whileInternet-capable, don’t allow Flash content to be played. And that’s all I’mgoing to say about that.This page intentionally left blankChapter 7The theme of this book is “build in InDesign so you don’thave to learn Flash,” but it can be enlightening to knowwhat your project looks like when it’s exported to FLA.While this chapter is not an in-depth guide to usingAdobe Flash Professional, it will introduce you to thegeneral Flash interface and a few Flash functions.Exploring a project in Flash will give you an appreciationfor how much work Adobe InDesign CS5 is doing behindthe scenes to make it easy for you to create interactivecontent. When you’re ready to dig more deeply intoFlash Professional, go to www.peachpit.com and searchfor Flash Professional. You’ll find a wealth of resources,from introductory through advanced topics.Exporting to Flash ProfessionalChapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional136Preparing for Flash ProfessionalIf you’re working on a project that will require more functionality than youcan accomplish in InDesign (such as interactive forms), you’ll have to takeadvantage of InDesign’s ability to export to FLA, the native format of FlashProfessional. (And, yes, it’s pronounced “flah.”)When you use the intuitive interactive tools in InDesign and then exportyour interactive project directly to SWF format, everything is baked togetherand you don’t have to think about how the complex interactions are accom-plished. Nor do you have to edit the SWF file to make it behave. However,any export to FLA format results in substantial alterations to the function-ality of interactive content. This translates to quite a bit of rework in FlashProfessional to reconstitute lost functionality. First, we’ll look at the exportsettings for the FLA format, and then we’ll have a heart-to-heart talk aboutwhat falls off during export, and what you can do about that. Finally, we’ll doa little exploring in Flash Professional to see what goes on there.Export SettingsIf you want to use Flash Professional to add further functionality, such asbehaviors that can only be accomplished with the ActionScript scripting lan-guage, choose File > Export and select the Flash CS5 Professional (FLA) formatoption in the export dialog. The Export Flash dialog appears (Figure 7.1).Figure 7.1 When you export aninteractive InDesign project tothe FLA format, you can controlpage range, scale, compression,and text handling.Preparing for Flash Professional 137Let’s explore the options in the export dialog.■ Export. You can choose to export just the objects that are selected whenyou choose File > Export (handy if you want to test a section of a spread,or if you want to incorporate only a portion of your layout in a Flash ani-mation). Otherwise, select the All Pages option or specify a range of pages.Here you can also choose to rasterize pages or flatten transparency, but allinteractivity (such as buttons) will be disabled if you choose either option.■ Size. You should build your interactive document to the correct finishedsize, but this section gives you the opportunity to scale content duringexport by choosing preset screen-appropriate dimensions from the Fit Topull-down, or by specifying a custom width and height.■ Interactivity and Media. If you have multimedia content, choose theInclude All option to create a resources folder to hold movies and sounds.This option also ensures that buttons are live and clickable in the FLA file.Any multistate objects are converted to movie clip symbols, and each stateof the object appears in a single frame on the Flash timeline. If you chooseAppearance Only, no resources folder is created, and buttons retain theirappearance but become static objects with no functionality.■ Text. The default choice, Flash TLF (Text Layout Framework) Text, is themost flexible option. Text frames that have been threaded together for textflow will maintain their threaded behavior in Flash, and text is completelyeditable and searchable. For smaller file size, choose Flash Classic Text(which is also editable and searchable). If you’ve used a decorative font orinvoked font features such as swashes, you may wish to choose the Convertto Outlines option. While this limits editability in Flash Professional, itfaithfully maintains the appearance of text. Convert to Pixels will also main-tain the appearance of text, but will increase file size. Neither outlined norrasterized text will be searchable.■ Image Handling. You’ll probably be satisfied with the default option touse high-quality JPEG compression, but your other options include PNG(Portable Network Graphics), which is a lossless format. Understandably,the PNG option can result in larger file sizes (and slower onscreen perfor-mance as a result). You can choose the Automatic option, which allowsInDesign to determine the outcome. You can also specify image resolutionif you want something other than the default 72 ppi. Increasing imageresolution will, of course, increase file size.TIP: To reset the settings in theExport Flash dialog, press theOption (Mac) or Alt (Windows)key; the Cancel button becomesa Reset button. Click the Resetbutton to start over with thedefault export settings. Be vigi-lant. Sometimes the Interactivityand Media setting “sticks” atAppearance Only, so you mayhave to reselect the Include Allradio button.Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional138Export IssuesBecause export to FLA format is essentially a translation process, somevoodoo is performed behind the scenes to transform InDesign content tosomething Flash Professional can understand. Because page layout is a verydifferent undertaking from creating Flash content, you can expect some sur-prises during that translation.For example, a graphic placed multiple times in an InDesign file will be trans-lated into a single instance of that graphic in Flash Professional, referred torather than repeated. However, transforming or cropping an instance of agraphic results in a new, separate object in the FLA export.Effects can add substantially to the complexity of an exported FLA file. For example,adding just the bevel and emboss effect to a circle in InDesign greatly increasesthe number of items in the library of the exported Flash file (Figure 7.2). Onesolution is to defer the addition of shadows, glows, and bevels, and just add theeffects (called filters in Flash) in Flash Professional.As mentioned in Chapter 6, large numbers of vector objects can slow perfor-mance in exported FLA or SWF files. Thus, it’s preferable to use File >Placewhen placing Adobe Illustrator files into an InDesign document, rather thancopying and pasting from Illustrator. A placed Illustrator file is seen as oneobject, whereas a pasted Illustrator file is seen as all of its individual objects,which increases file size in Flash Professional. However, if you need to manipu-late individual components of the Illustrator art in Flash, paste from IllustratorFigure 7.2 A simple circle inInDesign (left) translates toa simple entry in the libraryof an exported FLA file.The addition of a bevel andemboss effect (right) creates amore complex series of entriesin the library.Lost in Translation 139into InDesign so you can use the Modify > Break Apart function in FlashProfessional to ungroup and modify complex objects. You can also copy andpaste between Illustrator and Flash Professional.Lost in TranslationIf you’re creating a project in which you can accomplish everything withInDesign, just export to SWF, upload the appropriate files, and you’re done.It’s only when you need heavy-duty Flash development that the FLA exportis even necessary (or useful).Here’s the bad news: Much of the functionality that InDesign bakes into anexported SWF file is not included when an InDesign project is exported tothe FLA format. Consequently, substantial work may be required in FlashProfessional to restore such features as multimedia content and animationcontrols. While this may seem like a bug, consider that the only reason toexport to the FLA format is to add functionality in Flash Professional. InDesignfeels that “if you’re going there anyway, you’ll redo all this stuff when you getthere.” (You won’t see that sentence in an alert when you choose the FLAexport format.)Since most functionality is stripped off during FLA export, you might ask whythe FLA export option is even provided. Perhaps the most sensible use of theFLA export feature is to bundle up all the graphic content that a Flash devel-oper will require as they build a complex interactive experience to parallel aprinted project. If you want control over text placement and layout, InDesignis still a good starting point, since text threading and layout are maintainedin FLA export. If you’ve added interactive functionality in InDesign, export aSWF file for the Flash developer to use as a prototype. It’s sort of like sendinga PDF to the printer along with your packaged InDesign file, so the printercan use the PDF as a reference for how the finished piece should look.With the invaluable help of Jean-Claude Tremblay, I’ve created a list of what’sretained (and what’s broken or discarded) during export to FLA.■ Hyperlinks and bookmarks are broken. This includes hyperlinks used totake the reader from one page in the document to another.■ Multistate objects are converted to Flash movie clips, and will just cycleendlessly in an exported FLA file, because InDesign doesn’t include a “stop”command in the export. And any buttons that were used to control thebehavior of the multistate object will have to be re-coded in Flash.Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional140■ Animations are preserved, but they have no properties or timing controls.They are converted to movie clip symbols, and most coding must be re-done. On the plus side, custom motion presets created in InDesign can beexported as XML files, which can then be imported into Flash Professional.The converse is also true; motion presets from Flash Professional can besaved as XML files and imported for use in InDesign.■ Multipage InDesign files will loop rapidly in Flash Professional, like aspeed-reading slideshow. You will have to add snippets of ActionScriptlanguage to induce stops and starts to make the file behave correctly.Each page becomes a movie clip symbol, and each page generates a sepa-rate keyframe.■ Page transition effects are lost and must be recreated in Flash Professional.■ The ability to click in a page to go to the next or previous page is lost andmust be replaced with new code in Flash Professional.■ While multimedia content is exported to a resources folder along with theFLA file, the content will not be active in the FLA file. Only the posters formultimedia content are carried through. You’ll have to import video andsounds manually into the FLA file in Flash Professional. Consequently, ifyou’re designing a project in InDesign with the intention of enhancing itin Flash Professional, there’s no advantage to placing multimedia contentin the InDesign document unless you wish to use it to generate a SWF fileto show a Flash developer how movies and sounds should be positionedin the FLA file.■ Buttons are preserved, but all assigned actions are removed. Buttons arenot optimized; even if a button is placed on a master page, each instancein the document will be seen as a separate object, thus increasing file sizeand the number of Flash library items created. A Flash developer will prob-ably opt to recreate buttons and their functions to streamline the file.■ Object names are retained during the export to FLA. Flash developers tendto name objects according to their own conventions, for quick recognitionduring coding. If you work closely with a developer, ask if you can give theproject a head start by naming objects sensibly. Remember that InDesignCS5 gives you the ability to name every object in the Layers panel, andyou’re also given the option to name animations in the Animation panel.Editing in Flash Professional 141Editing in Flash ProfessionalLet’s take a quick look around the Flash interface (Figure 7.3). It doesn’tresemble InDesign, Adobe Photoshop, or Illustrator; its appearance is a vestigeof its Macromedia ancestry. While the interface has, to some extent, been“Adobefied,” it was important to not disorient longtime Flash users who wereaccustomed to its original appearance.The stage is analogous to the page in InDesign. It’s where everything happens.You’ll see some familiar tool icons, such as selection tools, a Type tool, a Pentool, and so on. The Timeline below the stage controls the duration of animatedsequences. The Properties panel provides settings for the appearance andbehavior of objects on the stage, and the Library panel (tucked in behind theProperties panel) lists all the objects in the document.Keeping in mind that it’s not the intention of this chapter to turn you into aFlash developer, you’ll now take a look at how a relatively simple InDesignproject translates to FLA format. You’ll discover that, even though someFigure 7.3 The FlashProfessional interface. Whilemany tools may look foreign,the conventions you knowfrom other Adobe applicationsshould be familiar.A. StageB. PanelsC. Choose WorkspaceD. Properties and LibraryE. ToolsF. TimelineACDEBFChapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional142of the animation behavior from InDesign carries through, it becomes sortof a runaway train. You would have to add behaviors and controls in FlashProfessional to replicate what’s lost in the translation between the two programs.First, you’ll view a finished SWF file that shows how the project is intended tobehave. It may look familiar, since it’s based on one of the exercise files fromChapter 4.1. Launch your Web browser, navigate to the Ch_7_Exercise > Exported_SWFfolder, and double-click shapes.html (Figure 7.4). Experiment with thebehaviors of the shapes. Click the orange square and red heart to triggertheir animations. Roll over the blue half-moon to see it rotate, and clickthe gray button to make the purple doughnut grow. Close the browserafter you’ve experimented with the shapes.ON PAGE LOAD ON CLICK ON CLICK ON ROLL OVER ON BUTTON EVENT2. Next, you’ll see how Flash Professional handles a FLA file exported fromthe same InDesign file that generated the SWF file. Launch Adobe FlashCS5 Professional, choose File > Open, navigate to the Exported_FLAfolder inside the Ch_7_Exercise folder, and open shapes.fla. The shapesdon’t have the gradient fill or the bevel-and-emboss effects that you sawin the exported SWF; this was done to simplify operations and speed upperformance a bit. Choose Control > Test Movie > Test to view the run-ning animation. Not only does the activity require no input from you,you’ll find that you can’t control it at all. No amount of clicking will stopthe frenetic motion. You may recall the earlier comment that InDesigndoes not include a “stop” command; that explains why the animation hasrun amok. Close the file without saving it.3. To see what’s involved in replicating the behavior of the exported SWF file,you’ll open a FLA file that’s been extensively edited. In the Edited_FLAfolder, open shapes_edited.fla. Choose Control > Test Movie > Test andnotice that now the behaviors are correct. The objects respond to mouseclicks, perform a single animation, and then stop.Figure 7.4 Play the shapesSWF in a browser (or Flashviewer, if you have one) tosee how the animations ofthe geometric shapes shouldbehave.Editing in Flash Professional 1434. Choose Window > Actions. In the Actions layer, click in the first and onlyframe (Figure 7.5) to view the ActionScript code attached to the frame.This particular bit of code ensures that the orange square will respond toa click in the page.Figure 7.5 The tiny “a” indicatesthat there is ActionScript attachedto the frame.5. Rather than be intimidated by the code (Figure 7.6), be grateful InDesignmakes it so easy to accomplish the same thing without having to write anycode at all! Keep in mind, too, that this is only a portion of the code that’srequired in Flash Professional to make things happen. The more you knowabout what’s required of a Flash developer, the more you will respect allthose entertaining Flash animations you encounter on the Web. And trynot to feel guilty about how easy InDesign makes this kind of work. Leavethe Actions panel open.6. Choose the Selection tool ( ), and click the heart. Once the heart is select-ed, double-click the heart. You should see Scene 1 > Spread 1 just abovethe stage (Figure 7.7). This indicates that you’ve drilled down one levelinto the file content.7. Double-click the heart to dig down one more level in the file hierarchy,then click the heart to select it. Below the stage area, click the MotionEditor tab. At the bottom left of the Motion Editor panel, change theViewable Frames value from 15 to 30 so you can see more frames withinthe editor. (You can just hold down the mouse button and scrub acrossthe current value to increase it.) Position your cursor over the top edgeof the Motion Editor window, and drag upward until you can see morecontrol rows. If necessary, scroll down until you see the Transformationcontrols. The zigzag line indicates the scale changes that make the heartappear to throb (Figure 7.8). Think of it as the EKG of the object as itchanges size during its animation. Experiment by dragging on the anchorFigure 7.6 This ActionScriptcode gives you an idea what’sgoing on under the hood.Figure 7.7 Watch theBreadcrumbs bar to keeptrack of where you are in thehierarchy of the file.Chapter 7 Exporting to Flash Professional144points, and then preview the animation by pressing the movie test short-cut, Command-Return (Mac) or Ctrl-Enter (Windows).8. Return to the main scene by clicking Scene 1 above the stage. Double-click to select Spread 1, then double-click another object to select it, andexperiment with the Motion Editor. When you’re finished, close the filewithout saving it.Now that you’ve stuck your toe in the deep and vast pool that is FlashProfessional, surely you have an even greater appreciation for the vastly moreintuitive tools that InDesign provides for creating interactive content. Youshould also have deeper appreciation for the Flash developers who make thisstuff look easy.In the next chapter, we’ll explore another application that prevents you fromhaving to learn code. Adobe Flash Catalyst allows you to start with Photoshopor Illustrator files and build interactivity with the guidance of somethingcalled the Heads Up Display, or HUD.Don’t Be Afraid of CodeExploring the code-based controls in Flash Professional probably had one oftwo effects on you: Either you recoiled in horror at what seems to be a foreignlanguage, or your interest was piqued, tempting you to explore more deeply.The exercise wasn’t intended to frighten you; it was meant to show you what’sgoing on under the hood so you’d appreciate the hidden strength of InDesign’sinteractive tools. If you are now curious about what Flash Professional andActionScript can do, all the better. Maybe you’ll be inspired to become a Flashdeveloper yourself.Figure 7.8 The MotionEditor provides an editablegraphic representation ofthe animation applied toan object.Chapter 8Say hello to the new kid on the block. Adobe FlashCatalyst CS5 is available as part of the Adobe CreativeSuite Design Premium, Web Premium, ProductionPremium, and Master Collection, or as a separatepurchase. Flash Catalyst enables you to buildinteractive content and user interfaces from scratch(without coding!), and import artwork componentscreated in Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Fireworks, orAdobe Photoshop.Flash CatalystChapter 8 Flash Catalyst146Or, you can begin an interactive project in Illustrator or Photoshop, creatingmuch of the content and structure by organizing content in layers to giveyourself a head start. Then you can import the AI or PSD file into Flash Catalystand add extensive interactivity with intuitive tools. (Note that, although themajority of this book has been dedicated to the interactive capabilities ofInDesign, Flash Catalyst will not open or import an InDesign file. However,you can create simple interactive content in InDesign, export it to SWF, andimport the SWF into a Flash Catalyst project, as long as the SWF does not relyon external resources such as video or audio files.)While Flash Catalyst enables you to add interactivity with ease, it doeshave a few limitations. Flash Catalyst cannot animate objects; if you wantanimation, you’ll have to create it elsewhere and import the finished elementas a SWF file. You’ll find the drawing tools simplistic; there are no Pathfinderoperations, and there’s no Pen tool. You’re limited to drawing rectangles,rounded rectangles, ellipses, triangles, hexagons, octagons, and stars. You canonly have one project open at a time in Flash Catalyst; you’ll have to close oneto work on another. Perhaps you’re getting my subliminal message: Build inPhotoshop or Illustrator, and embroider in Flash Catalyst.Flash Catalyst can import AI, PSD, JPEG, PNG, MP3, FLV, F4V, SWF, and FXG(Flash XML Graphics) formats. When you’re finished with a Flash Catalystproject, you can publish to SWF, AIR, or FXP (the native format of FlashCatalyst). You’re already familiar with SWF; the content can be viewed in abrowser or an application such as Adobe Media Player. Adobe AIR is a bitharder to describe. It’s a platform for Rich Internet Applications (Get it?RIA backwards is AIR), which are stand-alone client applications that don’trequire a browser. The FXP format can be opened in Adobe Flash Builder (aseparate application, formerly known as Adobe Flex Builder) for additionaldevelopment such as connecting with data sources. Note, though, that thereis not a pathway to Flash Professional from Flash Catalyst.There. Now that we’ve gotten the acronyms out of the way, let’s have somefun. You’ll experiment briefly with a new document to get a feel for the FlashCatalyst environment, and then you’ll import Photoshop and Illustrator filesso you can explore the Flash Catalyst tools that allow you to add interactivityto the content.This chapter is intended to acquaint you with the basics of Flash Catalyst. It’snot a full course in doing everything in the application. More than anything,it’s meant to convince you that Flash Catalyst puts fairly complex interactivity*Three-Letter Acronyms Ahead147The Flash Catalyst Workspacewithin reach for users familiar with the way Adobe applications think. If youare reasonably comfortable in Illustrator and Photoshop, you’ll soon feelcomfortable in Flash Catalyst—especially since the primary function of oneof its key features is to hold your hand and lead you in the right direction. It’ssort of like a fuzzy puppy. Play with it a little while, and you’ll fall in love.The Flash Catalyst WorkspaceWhen you launch Flash Catalyst, you’re greeted by the welcome screen,which serves as a portal to recently opened projects, options for starting newprojects from Photoshop and Illustrator files, and online resources such asAdobe TV. The welcome screen also offers you the options to create a newproject from an imported Illustrator, Photoshop, or FXG file, or begin a FlashCatalyst project from scratch (Create New Project). Notice that this welcomescreen, unlike those in other Adobe applications, offers no option for “donot show again.” You’ll see this screen every time you launch Flash Catalyst(Figure 8.1).The Flash Catalyst environment is only minimally similar to InDesign,Photoshop, or Illustrator. It has a tray of panels on the right side of the screen,timelines and design-time data panels across the bottom, and what lookslike a control panel across the top, as well as a horizontal tool panel—butFigure 8.1 The Flash Catalystwelcome screen provides linksto recently opened projects,and invites you to import anAI, PSD, or FXG as a startingfile—or start from scratch.Take time to explore theresources, including Adobe TV.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst148there’s where the family resemblance ends (Figure 8.2). There are only twoworkspaces: Design and Code. Don’t let the Code workspace scare you; thecode displayed in that view is read-only, presented for your edification (orrelief—look at how hard you’re not having to work!). You can’t create customworkspaces, but there is a Reset Workspace command for cleaning house.You can’t dislodge a panel and use it as a free-floating panel, nor can youcompletely close a panel. However, you can double-click a panel tab tocollapse the panel to a tab-only view, and you can reposition the dividersbetween interface panels to reveal more rows of the Timelines panel orenlarge the artboard area. As with most Adobe applications, you can pressthe Tab key to hide everything but the open document and the menubar across the top. Usually, this happens by accident and frightens theunsuspecting user. Now you’ve been warned.In the default Design workspace, the central artboard contains the project.The row of thumbnails above the artboard area contains the pages (alsoknown as states) of the project. These represent the different views that willbe presented to users as they navigate to different topics in the exported SWFor AIR file.Figure 8.2 Guide to the FlashCatalyst environment.A. Pages/States panelB. Breadcrumbs barC. ArtboardD. Heads Up Display (HUD)E. ToolsF. PanelsG. Timelines and design-timedata panelsABCDEFGBasic Flash Catalyst Tools 149You’ll use the Heads Up Display (affectionately referred to as “HUD” in theFlash Catalyst interface) and Breadcrumbs bar frequently. The HUD’s contentis contextual; what you see there depends on what you have selected in theartboard. For example, if you have designated an object to be a button (asseen in Figure 8.2), the HUD gives you options for controlling the appearanceof the button in each of its states: Up, Over, Down, and Disable. You can positionthe HUD wherever you like, just by dragging it around by its top edge.The Breadcrumbs bar (you gotta love that name!) helps you find your wayback to the main project when you’ve burrowed down to modify a singleobject. If you’ve encountered Isolation Mode in Illustrator, this will feelfamiliar.Basic Flash Catalyst ToolsWhile you’ll frequently do much of your prep work in Illustrator or Photoshop,you can create a project from square one in Flash Catalyst. In the firstexercise, you’ll create a simple, single-page project to start getting familiarwith the Flash Catalyst interface.1. Launch Flash Catalyst. In the welcome screen, under Create New Project,click Adobe Flash Catalyst Project. Name the project cabins, and keepthe default dimensions of 800 pixels by 600 pixels (Figure 8.3). Click inthe block by the Color option, choose the medium dark gray swatch on thefirst row (#666666), and click OK.Figure 8.3 You can begin a projectin Flash Catalyst and draw andimport all content. Choose a size andbackground color and name the file.TIP: To get the full-fledgeduser guide for Flash Catalyst(like the printed copies weused to get in the Olden Days),choose Help > Flash CatalystHelp. Adobe Community Helplaunches, displaying a list oftopics. In the upper right cornerof the application, look for thesmall PDF icon and click on thetext “View Help PDF.” Once theHelp PDF is downloaded (it maytake a few moments, depend-ing on your connection speed),it opens inside the CommunityHelp interface. To save the PDFon your computer, click on thesmall floppy icon ( ).TIP: If you’d like to view thecompleted project in FlashCatalyst before you start,navigate to the FinishedCabins Project folder insidethe Ch_8_Exercises folder,and open cabins.fxp.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1502. Now you’ll import an image of the mountain cabin’s front porch. ChooseFile > Import > Adobe Photoshop File, navigate to the Ch_8_Exercisesfolder, select RockingChairPorch.psd, and click Open. Keep the defaultimage import settings (Figure 8.4). When you click OK, the image isplaced in the page.Figure 8.4 Photoshop ImportOptions for placed images. Tochoose layer comps, click theAdvanced button.Restrictions on Imported Art■ Maximum bitmap image size: 2048 pixels by 2048 pixels■ Maximum total number of pixels: 20 million■ Maximum number of objects: 6500■ Maximum file size: 40MB■ Version: AI and PSD files must be CS4 or later3. Choose the Select tool (black arrow), hold down the Shift key, and drag acorner of the image to reduce it to about 75% of its original size. Positionthe image so its left and bottom edges touch the left and bottom edgesof the artboard. Nudge the image with the keyboard arrows so it hangsoutside the artboard edge very slightly, ensuring that there will be no gapbetween the image and the edge of the project.4. Choose the Rectangle tool ( ), and draw a rectangle across the top ofthe artboard, about 100 pixels tall (you don’t have to be exact, becauseyou’ll adjust the size and position next). In the Properties panel, setthe Stroke to None and the Fill to black (#000000) (Figure 8.5). Set theBasic Flash Catalyst Tools 151dimensions of the black rectangle to 800 pixels wide and 100 pixels high,and set the X and Y coordinates to 0. While you’re there, notice that theProperties panel also provides controls for opacity, rotation, and cornerradius. Save the project in the Ch_8_Exercises folder as cabins.fxp andkeep it open.Figure 8.5 The Propertiespanel allows you to controldimensions, fill, stroke,opacity, and more for aselected object.5. Choose the Type tool ( ), and click and drag on top of the black rect-angle to create a text frame. In the Properties panel, set the text size toabout 50 or 60 pixels, and choose the White swatch (#FFFFFF). Choosethe font Arial Bold, type the headline Mountain Cabins, and set the textalignment to Center. If the text frame is too small, choose the Select tooland pull on the corners of the frame. Choose Modify > Align > HorizontalCenter to center the text frame on the artboard, and then drag the frameto visually center the text vertically in the black rectangle. The projectshould look something like Figure 8.6 at this point.Figure 8.6 The MountainCabins project so far.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1526. Now you’ll create some button art. Choose the Rounded Rectangle tool,hidden under the Rectangle tool, and click and drag in the gray area onthe right side of the project to create a button about 150 pixels wide by60 pixels high (use the values in the Properties panel as a guide). Fill thebutton with medium gray (#999999). Note that you can change the radiusof the rounded corners by changing the Corners value in the Propertiespanel. There’s no provision for changing the radius for individual corners,however.7. The Properties panel has three sections: Common, Appearance, andFilters. If necessary, scroll down in the Properties panel to see the Filterssection, and click the triangle to the left of the Filters label to see theoptions. Make sure the button is still selected, click the plus sign next tothe Add Filter label, and choose the Bevel option (Figure 8.7). Leave thesettings at their default values—or experiment, if you like. Save the projectand keep it open.Figure 8.7 Click the Add Filterbutton to add filters such as Blur,Drop Shadow, Inner Shadow,Bevel Glow, and Inner Glow.8. The button needs a label. Choose the Type tool, and click and drag tocreate a text frame on top of the button. Type the word Photos, and usethe following settings:■ Font: Arial Bold■ Size: 20 pixels■ Color: White (#FFFFFF)■ Alignment: Center9. Switch to the Select tool, and pull the bottom edge of the text frame upnear the baseline of the text. This makes it easier to center the text frameTIP: To see the tools hiddenunder the Select, Rectangle,and Triangle tools, just clickand hold down your mousebutton on top of the visibletool. Release the mouse buttononce you’re over the tool youwant. You can also invoke thebasic shape-drawing tools withsingle-letter keyboard shortcuts:M (Rectangle), U (RoundedRectangle), and L (Ellipse).Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 153over the button. Hold down Shift, and click the button object you createdearlier to select both the button and the text frame. Choose Modify >Align > Horizontal Center, and then Modify > Align > Vertical Center.The text should now be centered on the button. Keep the button and textframe selected for the next steps.10. You need two more buttons, so copy the button and text frame tothe Clipboard (Mac: Command-C; Windows: Control-C). Paste (Mac:Command-V; Windows: Control-V), but don’t re-click; the duplicate but-ton set is pasted into the same coordinates as the originals. Hold downthe Shift key to constrain movement, and drag straight down to posi-tion the second button. Release the mouse button, then the Shift key.Alternatively, you can just use the down arrow on your keyboard to movethe pasted button and its label. Hold down Shift while you press the arrowkey, and the selected object moves in bigger jumps.1 1. Copy the second button and its text frame to the Clipboard, and pasteit into position. Hold down Shift and drag straight down to position thethird button. Flash Catalyst doesn’t have any “distribute evenly” opera-tions, as in Illustrator. However, you can snap to a grid. Choose View >Grid > Show Grid, and then choose View > Grid > Snap to Grid. Positionthe buttons so there are two or three grid rows between them, and thentoggle off the grid by choosing View > Grid again. Toggle off the Snap toGrid by again choosing View > Grid > Snap to Grid.1 2. Now you’ll change the labels on the buttons. Choose the Type tool, andclick in the text frame over the second button. (You can also double-clickthe text frame with the Select tool to switch to the Type tool.) Select thetext and replace it with Rates. Relabel the third button Map. Save theproject and keep it open.1 3. Now you’ll use the HUD (Heads Up Display) to convert one of the buttonsto a real, functioning button. Switch to the Select tool, select the top but-ton, and Shift-click to select the Photos text. In the HUD, under ConvertArtwork to Component, click Choose Component and select Button fromthe pull-down menu. The HUD immediately changes, giving you optionsfor the button’s behavior and appearance.1 4. Click the Over state in the HUD, and the display changes. Everything butthe button is grayed out, and you can’t select other objects. This is so youcan concentrate on the button and not change anything else accidentally.Click in the text frame. Then, in the HUD, under Convert to Button Part,click Choose Part and select Label from the pull-down.TIP: You can customize thegrid color and measurementsby choosing View > Grid &Guide Settings.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1541 5. In the Filters panel, click the plus sign next to the Add button, and add aGlow filter. Set the Glow color to a light blue (we used #96F2FF), and setthe Blur value to 10.1 6. In the Breadcrumbs bar, click the first part of the breadcrumbs trail:cabins (the name of the project). This takes you back out into the mainartboard. Nothing is grayed out now, indicating you’re no longer workingon a single component. (You can also press the Esc key on the keyboardto return to the main artboard.) Select the Photos button, and in theInteractions panel, click the Add Interaction button (Figure 8.8). Use thefollowing settings, and then click OK.■ Event: On Click■ Action: Go To URL (this makes the URL field appear just below theAction pull-down)■ URL: http://www.bfparkonline.net (a Web site created for this book)■ Window: Open in New Window (this opens a new browser windowwhen the hyperlinked site is displayed)Figure 8.8 In the Interactionspanel, choose the event andaction to be applied to a button.1 7. Save the file, and then test the project. Choose File > Run Project, orpress Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows). The projectis rendered to a temporary file, and plays in your default browser. Whenthe project opens in the browser, test the Photos button. Roll your cur-sor over the button to see the glow, and click the button to launch a newbrowser window and view the target Web site. (If you’d like to set up theremaining two buttons to link to URLs, feel free to experiment.)1 8. To export the file, choose File > Publish to SWF/AIR. For the output direc-tory, click the Browse button to navigate to the Export Cabins Projectfolder in the Ch_8_Exercises folder. Leave the export options at the defaultand click Publish.TIP: The blue underlinedvalues in Flash Catalyst panelsare “scrubbable.” Just hold downthe mouse button and scrubleft and right on the value todecrease or increase it. It’s notexact, but it’s easier and fasterthan typing!Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 1551 9. Go out to your operating system (Mac: Finder; Windows: WindowsExplorer), and navigate to the Export Cabins Project folder. The exportprocess created a new folder named cabins. Inside that folder are twosubfolders: deploy-to-web and run-local. As the names imply, one isfor uploading to a website, and the other contains content to be run off alocal computer or network volume. In the run-local folder, double-clickMain.html to launch your default browser and view the results.AIR applications are stand-alone programs that do not require a browser orthe Flash Player to be viewed. (The advantage is that no external player isrequired. The downside is that the AIR application must be installed in orderto run. This can be a drawback because some users might be reluctant toinstall an unknown application, or might work in locked-down environmentsthat do not allow the installation of unauthorized applications.) If you want toexport the Mountain Cabins project as an AIR application, follow these steps.1. Return to Flash Catalyst, choose File > Publish to SWF/AIR. Choose theExport Cabins Project folder in the Ch_8_Exercises folder (it shouldstill be selected in the Output directory field). Uncheck all options exceptBuild AIR application (Figure 8.9), and click Publish. The publish processcreates a folder named AIR in the cabins folder. Inside the AIR folder isthe finished AIR application, which is named cabins.air.Figure 8.9If you wish to exportto a stand-aloneAIR application,choose the Build AIRApplication option.2. If you have no qualms about installing the cabins.air application, double-click the file to launch the installer. For security reasons, you’re greetedwith a warning screen (Figure 8.10) asking if you are sure you want toinstall the application. Since you created the file, it’s fine to install it if youhave permission to do so on your computer. (You may want to uninstall itafter testing it, just to keep your hard drive neat and clean.) The installedapplication is named cabins.app. You can save and close the cabins.fxpproject by choosing File > Close Project.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst156Figure 8.10 Because cabins.air is an application, it must beinstalled. When you attemptto install it, you’re asked toapprove the installation.Planning for Flash CatalystWhile Flash Catalyst has some wonderful capabilities, the previous exercisemay have also given you some idea of its limitations. Keep in mind that FlashCatalyst isn’t intended to be a full-fledged design program. While you canstart from scratch, import images, set type, and add interactivity, you willprobably find it saner to cook up your projects in Photoshop or Illustrator(assuming you’re comfortable in one or both of those applications), as theyhave much richer tools for creating and editing content. Then you can useFlash Catalyst to put the frosting on the cake.You should spend some time brainstorming (even if it’s just with yourself)at the inception of a project you’ll be taking into Flash Catalyst. If you’ll becreating multiple pages or states in Flash Catalyst, organize the content inlayers in Illustrator, and name the layers accordingly. In Photoshop, organizethe content in layer groups that are named to indicate the pages they’llbecome in Flash Catalyst. This extra preliminary work will pay off. It forcesyou to think through the project in advance, and it paves the way for easierhandling in Flash Catalyst.Building on Photoshop Files 157Building on Photoshop FilesAs you saw in the first exercise, you can import Photoshop files as imagecontent for an existing project. You have options during import that allowyou to control which layers are imported, based on a layer comp of thecurrent saved state of the Photoshop file. Effects such as shadows and glowsare separated into layers, rather than being treated as an attribute of a mainlayer (Figure 8.11). Effects such as bevel and emboss styles are rendered asfinished pixels, and are no longer editable. And since they’re “baked in,” thoseeffects can’t be separated from the object or removed.Illustrator has a much closer relationship with Flash Catalyst. Simple effectssuch as shadows and glows can be controlled in Flash Catalyst even if theywere created in Illustrator. More complex effects (such as Illustrator’s Punk-and-Bloat distortions or Scribble effects) will be “baked” during import, andcannot be changed or disabled in Flash Catalyst. You’ll explore the proceduresfor importing Illustrator files later in this chapter.Please don’t take these cautions as a criticism of Flash Catalyst. It does awonderful job of bringing static Illustrator and Photoshop files to life. As youdiscover its limitations and quirks, you’ll find reasonable workarounds andmodify your workflow accordingly until you can make it sing.Now you’ll start a new Flash Catalyst project by importing a Photoshop file inwhich most of the work has already been done. First, you might want to openthe image in Photoshop and look at how it’s built.1. Launch Photoshop CS5 and, inside the Ch_8_Exercises folder, go intothe Importing Photoshop folder and open Brand_X.psd (Figure8.12). When you import this file into Flash Catalyst, you’ll control thevisibility of these layers to create five pages—sort of a mini-Web site.Figure 8.11 Photoshopeffects such as shadows andglows become separate layers.Effects such as embossingare baked in, and are noteditable (or removable) inFlash Catalyst.Effect rendered as separate layerChapter 8 Flash Catalyst158Each layer group—About, Charleston, Boston, Monterey, andVancouver—corresponds to a future Flash Catalyst page. Having thelayers organized into layer groups makes it easier to keep straight whatshould be visible and what should be hidden for each page. The back-ground is common to all pages.2. Close the image in Photoshop. If you’re asked whether you want to savethe file, click Don’t Save (Mac) or No (Windows). Launch Flash Catalyst,and in the welcome screen, under Create New Project from Design File,click From Adobe Photoshop PSD File. Navigate again to the ImportingPhotoshop folder, and once again choose Brand_X.psd.3. In the Photoshop Import Options dialog (Figure 8.13), you’ll see that FlashCatalyst automatically recognizes the pixel dimensions of the incomingPhotoshop file and adjusts the artboard size accordingly. The default set-tings keep image and text layers editable (rather than flattening them),and crop vector shape layers. Any layers hidden when the document wassaved are brought along, unless you uncheck the default Import Non-visibleLayers option. To see how you can control the import options for individuallayers, click the Advanced button.NOTE: Flash Catalyst assumesthat imported images are 72ppi, so you may be caught offguard by the size of the imagewhen it’s imported. What youthought was a 2-inch-by-2-inchimage will become an imageabout 8.3 inches on a side. Sobuild your images at 72 ppi (orresample them down to 72 ppibefore importing).Figure 8.12 In this image, thecomponents for each pagewere organized in layer groupsin Photoshop, to give you ahead start when you importthe image into Flash Catalyst.The Bevel and Emboss effectthat’s now a layer style for thebutton_2 layer will becomepart of the button pixels uponimport to Flash Catalyst, andwill no longer be a separate,editable attribute.Layer groupText layerButton with effectsBuilding on Photoshop Files 1594. In the Advanced import options screen (Figure 8.14), you can chooseto import the image as it appeared in a particular layer comp, or in thelast document state (the state it was in when saved). You can also specifywhether text is treated as editable text, vector outlines, or flattened bitmapcontent. For this image, just leave all the settings in both import screensat their defaults and click OK. Save the file as BrandX_Working.fxp inthe Importing Photoshop folder, and keep it open.Figure 8.13 In PhotoshopImport Options, click theAdvanced button to controlthe import options for eachlayer. Note the default optionto import non-visible layers(usually a good idea!).Figure 8.14 In the Advancedimport options, you cancontrol the import optionsfor each layer individually.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst160Pages and StatesNotice the Pages/States panel above the artboard area of the Flash Catalystinterface. The terms page and state can usually be used interchangeablyto describe what’s seen in a project’s artboard area. As the user clicks on atrigger (such as a button), the current contents of the screen are replacedwith alternate contents. If the project is a piece with a specific viewing order(such as a story), it makes sense to refer to the alternate content as pages. Ifthe alternate content consists of only slight changes to the project (such as anew image in one part of the screen), that would be considered a change instate. Both of these results are accomplished by creating a new entity in thePages/States panel.I hope you’ll accept the use of both of those terms when referring to thecontents of the artboard, and not be confused in this chapter. The nuancesof page vs. state will start to make sense as you manipulate the contentsof projects. (When it comes to buttons, however, the term state isunambiguous; it refers to the four potential appearances of a button: up,down, over, and disabled.)In this project, you’ll create multiple pages/states from the contents of thePhotoshop file. Then you’ll convert some components to buttons, assigningactions and multiple appearances to the buttons’ states. Finally, you’ll tweakthe transitions between the pages/states.First, you’ll create the opening page, which will greet viewers when they openthe finished project.1. In the Pages/States panel, double-click the name Page1 to highlight it.Rename it Home.2. In the Layers panel, click the triangle to the left of the About layergroup to reveal its contents, and turn off the visibility of the text layer(BrandXCo is the largest…), leaving just the oval buttons across thetop and the large BrandX logo visible (Figure 8.15). This establishes theappearance of the Home page.NOTE: If you’d like to takea look at the finished FlashCatalyst file, navigate to theImporting Photoshop >Brand_X_Done folder insidethe Ch_8_Exercises folder,and open Brand_X_Final.fxp.Close the file without saving(you can only have one projectat a time open in Flash Catalyst).Building on Photoshop Files 1613. To display some company information, you’ll create an “About” pagebased on the Home page. In the Pages/States panel, click the DuplicateState button (Figure 8.16). A new page/state is created, named Page1.Double-click the name and change it to About. In the Layers panel, turn theBrandXCo is the largest… text layer (in the About layer group) back on.Figure 8.15 Turn off the visibility of the textlayer in the About layer group to create theHome page.Figure 8.16 To create a new state in theproject, you can duplicate the current state,then modify it. You can also create a newblank state.4. Now you’ll create four more pages, which will display information aboutthe far-flung offices of BrandX. For the first location, Charleston, duplicatethe About page/state, and name the new state Charleston.5. Now you’ll change the visibility of several layers to create the Charlestonpage. If necessary, click on the Charleston page thumbnail in the Pages/States panel to make it active. In the About layer group, turn off the eye-ball visibility control by the text layer (BrandXCo is the largest…) to hideit, then hide the BrandX Logo layer. Click the triangle to the left of theCharleston layer group to show its contents. Turn on the visibility of thetext layer (Soothed by…) and the 1894 bldg layer (Figure 8.17).Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst162This is the pattern that you’ll follow for the remaining pages. You’ll leavethe oval button layers and their related type layers visible for all versions,and you’ll turn on the text and graphic for each location, while hiding thetext and graphic for each of the other versions.6. Duplicate the Charleston page/state, and name the new state Boston. Forthe Boston state, turn off the Charleston text layer (Soothed by gentle…)and graphic layer, 1894 bldg. In the Boston layer group, turn on the TrinityChurch graphic layer and the Our Boston offices… text layer (Figure 8.18).Figure 8.17 Creating theCharleston page/state. Turnoff the text and logo layers inthe About layer group, andturn on the hidden layers onthe Charleston layer group.Figure 8.18 Layer settingsfor the Boston layer (are youstarting to sense a trend?).Building on Photoshop Files 1637. Following the same pattern, create two more pages, for Monterey andVancouver. Turn off the layers containing the descriptive text and thegraphics for the other locations, and reveal the text and graphics layersappropriate for the Monterey and Vancouver layers. Leave the oval but-tons and their text (About, Charleston, Boston, etc.) visible in allpages/states (Figure 8.19). Save the file and keep it open.Navigation ButtonsThe viewers of the final project will use the large oval buttons at the top of theartboard to navigate to the information about BrandX locations.1. Select the text frame containing the text About and Shift-click to selectthe oval button behind the text. The Heads Up Display (HUD) wakes up,giving you the option to Convert Artwork to Component (Figure 8.20).Figure 8.20 When you select anobject in the artboard, the HUDdisplays available options. ClickChoose Component to convert theoval and text into a button.2. In the HUD, click Choose Component, and select the Button option fromthe pull-down list that appears. (For all available component types, seethe sidebar, “Component Types.”)Figure 8.19 Using the otherlocation pages as a guide,create the Monterey (left) andVancouver (right) pages.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst164Immediately, the HUD changes to show you the button appearance options(Figure 8.21).Figure 8.21 The HUD allowsyou to specify a differentappearance for each of thefour button states.Component Types3. In the Interactions panel, click the Add Interaction button (Figure 8.22).Leave the trigger at the default (On Click), and the action at the default(Play Transition to State). Click the Choose State pull-down, choose theAbout page/state you created earlier, and click OK.Figure 8.22 In theInteractions panel, clickAdd Interaction to revealthe options. For the Aboutbutton, choose PlayTransition to State.4. Now you’ll add a glow to the Over state of the About button. In the HUDdisplay, click the Over option. Select the About button (the ellipse, notthe text). In the Filters section of the Properties panel, click the plus sign■ Button■ Checkbox■ Radio button■ Toggle button■ Text input■ Horizontal slider■ Vertical slider■ Scroll panel■ Horizontal scroll bar■ Vertical scroll bar■ Data list■ Custom/generic componentBuilding on Photoshop Files 165to the right of the Add Filter option and choose the Glow option (Figure8.23). If you don’t see the Filters section of the Properties panel, youmay have to click the triangles to the left of the Common, Component,Appearance, and Text sections to collapse their contents in order to makeroom for the Filters section, which is at the very bottom of the Propertiespanel. Click the blue block labeled Color, and choose the white swatch(#FFFFFF).Why Does #FFFFFF = White?In the language of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), colors are describedusing a hexadecimal system (base 16). Don’t worry; you don’t have to think inhex. You can pick colors from several color systems in Flash Catalyst, includingthe Color Picker (the round “spectrum” source), but they’ll be expressed in theFlash Catalyst file by hexadecimal code. Hex codes for colors consist of a poundsign (#) plus six numbers. The six numbers are actually three pairs of numbers,describing Red, Green, and Blue values. A full explanation of the hex color systemis beyond the scope of this chapter, but if you’re curious about hexadecimal num-bers and how they relate to color on the Web, check out this online resource:http://www.w3schools.com/Html/html_colors.asp.5. Click the blue number by the Strength setting, and change it to 2 to makethe white glow more pronounced. (You can also “scrub” the number byholding down the mouse button and moving left and right. While this isan easy way to quickly decrease or increase the value, it’s hard to enter anexact value with the scrubbing method.)Figure 8.23 Choosethe Glow filter, andthen click the colorblock (initially blue) tochoose a color for theglow. For the Aboutbutton, add a white(#FFFFFF) glow.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1666. Working on the About button attributes has taken you into componentediting mode. To return to the main work area, click the project name inthe Breadcrumbs bar (Figure 8.24). Save the file and keep it open.Figure 8.24 Click the projectname in the Breadcrumbs barto return to the main artboardwindow.7. Test the About button to see if its appearance and behavior are correct.Choose File > Run Project, and Flash Catalyst generates temporary filesto display in your default Web browser. In the browser, roll your mouseover the About button. Does it glow? Click the About button to jump tothe About page/state. Close the browser window. If you want to test yourproject frequently as you work (which is a good idea), leave the browserrunning in the background.8. Return to Flash Catalyst so you can set up the remaining buttons. Thesteps for the other buttons follow the same pattern as those you followedwhen creating the About button:a. Select the location text (the city name) and the oval button behind it.b. In the HUD, choose Convert Artwork to Component and select Buttonfor the component type.c. In the Interactions panel, click Add Interaction and choose the PlayTransition to State option, choosing the appropriate target state (e.g.,choose the Charleston state as the target for the Charleston button).d. In the HUD, select the Over option, select the button, and use thesettings in the Filter panel to apply a Glow filter. As with the Aboutbutton, select white (#FFFFFF) for the color, and set the Strength to 2.e. Use the Breadcrumbs bar to return to the main project window andstart on the next button.f. Return to the main project window after you’ve finished the lastbutton, and test the project. Use the shortcut for Run Project: PressCommand-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows). Return to FlashCatalyst, save the project, and keep it open.Building on Photoshop Files 167You’ll soon find yourself falling into a rhythm. While the button-makingprocedure is a bit tedious, it’s not truly complicated. Once you’ve created thesecond button, you’ll find that it’s faster to create each successive button. Andthe repetition is a great way to remember the steps.Flash Catalyst Drawing ToolsYou’re missing one navigational aid. There’s no way for the viewer to get backto the Home screen unless they refresh the browser. You’ll use Flash Catalystdrawing and text tools to create a button that takes the viewer back to theHome screen.1. In the Layers panel, click the Create New Layer icon at the lower left ofthe panel and create a new layer. The new layer, named Layer 1, shouldappear at the top of the list in the Layers panel. If not, you can select thelayer and move it to the correct position by dragging in the Layers panel,just as you would in Photoshop, Illustrator, or InDesign. Double-click thename of the new layer to name it Home Button (Figure 8.25).Figure 8.25 Click the Create New Layericon to create a new layer. Name it HomeButton. This is where you’ll create acommon button that will appear in allpages/states.2. In the Pages/States panel, click the About page/state. (It actually doesn’tmatter which state you choose, but this will let you work methodicallyfrom left to right as you add the new button to every page/state. It alsoensures that the button won’t cover up any of the text on the About page.)You’ll draw an ellipse in the lower-right area of the artboard that will bethe basis of a button that appears in all pages/states to lead the viewerback to the initial Home page. In the Tools panel (above the Layerspanel), click the Rectangle/Ellipse icon to reveal the Rectangle, RoundedRectangle, and Ellipse drawing tools (Figure 8.26). Choose the EllipseChapter 8 Flash Catalyst168tool and draw an ellipse in the lower-right corner of the artboard. Make itabout 75% of the width of the large oval (aka elliptical) buttons at the topof the project.Figure 8.26 To draw a circleor ellipse, choose from theRectangle/Ellipse pull-downin the Tools panel.3. The Properties panel contains three sections: Common, Appearance,and Filters. In the Common section (Figure 8.27), set the Stroke attributeof the new ellipse to None ( ), and the Fill attribute to a light gray(we used #999999 just because it’s such a cool hex number). Keep theellipse selected.Figure 8.27 Choose theStroke and Fill attributes in theCommon Properties panel.4. In the Filters section, choose Bevel from the Add Filter pull-down and setthe Distance value to 2.Building on Photoshop Files 1695. Choose the Text tool, and click and drag to create a text frame on theellipse. This will hold the button label. Click inside the text frame and typeHome, and then select the text to change its formatting. In the Commonsubpanel, choose the following settings:■ Font: Arial Bold■ Size: 16 (adjust as necessary to fit inside your ellipse)■ Color: Light Gray (#CCCCCC, another amusing hex value)■ Alignment: Center6. Using the Select tool ( ), pull on the corners of the text frame so it’sclose to the type (without causing overset text). Then, Shift-click to selectthe ellipse, and choose Modify > Align > Horizontal Center. Since there’sno way to vertically center text in a frame (as you can in InDesign), you’llhave to—gasp!—eyeball it (Figure 8.28). Deselect the ellipse by Shift-clicking in it again, leaving just the text frame selected. Using the arrowkeys on your keyboard, nudge the Home text frame into position. Save theproject and keep it open.7. Select both the ellipse and the Home text and, in the HUD, convert theartwork to a button. Using the Interactions panel, add an interaction thatsends viewers back to the Home page/state: Click Add Interaction andchoose the Play Transition to State option. Choose the Home page/stateas the target and click OK.8. Rather than adding a Glow effect to the entire button for the Over state,you’ll just have the text glow. It’s a subtle effect, but it still provides visualfeedback to the viewer that something is happening. Visual feedbackkeeps the viewer engaged and lets them know they’re on the right track.It’s a little extra work, but it does add to the viewing experience. In theHUD, select the Over state, which puts you in component editing mode.Select just the text frame (not the ellipse) and, in the Filters panel, choosethe Glow option and use the following settings:■ Color: Black (#000000)■ Blur: 20■ Opacity: 100■ Strength: 1Figure 8.28 Center the Hometext vertically and horizontallyin the ellipse.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1709. Return to the main project window by using the Breadcrumbs bar. Nowyou’ll make the Home button visible on the location pages, starting withthe Charleston location. Select the Charleston page/state in the Pages/States panel, and turn on the visibility of the Home button (Figure 8.29).You’ll have to click the triangle next to the Home Button layer to displayand select the button object; just setting the layer visibility isn’t sufficient.Figure 8.29 Make the Homebutton visible in all locationstates.The Home button also needs to appear on the Boston, Monterey, andVancouver pages/states. Select the button on the Charleston page/state,right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Share To State > All States.Since you don’t need the Home button on the Home page/state, selectthe Home page/state and turn off the visibility of the Home button inthe Layers panel (or just delete the button from the Home page/state; itaccomplishes the same thing). When you’re finished, test the project bypressing Command-Return (Mac) or Control-Enter (Windows) so you canpreview the project. Make sure the Home button appears on the correctpages/states and takes you back to the Home page/state. Test the gloweffect when you roll over the button. Save the project and keep it open.TransitionsBy default, changing pages/states just replaces the current contents of thescreen with the alternate contents. If you’d like a more graceful transition(or even a fancy 3D rotation), use the controls in the Timelines panel(Figure 8.30).TIP: A faster way to add anobject to all states is by right-clicking in the object andselecting Share To State > AllStates. You can also targetindividual pages/states withthis method.Building on Photoshop Files 1711. First, you’ll create a smooth fading transition between the initial Homestate and the About state. In the Pages/States panel, select Home Homepage/state. In the State Transitions area of the Timelines panel, selectthe first transition, Home > About. Click the Smooth Transition bar at thebottom of the timeline (“G” in Figure 8.30) to apply the default 0.5-secondtransition. Click the Play button ( ) at the top of the Timelines panel toview the results.2. Now you’ll modify the fade-in of the About state so the button appearsfirst, and the text fades in more slowly. The bars representing the lengthof transitions can be modified by dragging the small handle on the rightend of the bar; you can also reposition the bars by dragging them in thetimeline. Repositioning a transition bar changes the time at which a tran-sition begins, not its duration. Select the transition bar for the About text(BrandX is the largest…), and then drag the small handle to the rightuntil it reaches the 1 second mark, represented on the time ruler as 1sPlay the transition to view the results. If you’re satisfied with the results,save the file. Feel free to experiment with the transition sliders.3. To set the transition between the Home state and the Charleston state,select the Home > Charleston transition in the list of transitions. Click theSmooth Transition bar at the bottom of the timeline to add the defaulthalf-second transition. Drag the handle on the right end of the slider forthe graphic (1894 bldg) to extend the time to the 1 second mark, and pre-view the results. Save the file and keep it open.Figure 8.30 Controlling transitions in the Timelines panel.A. State Transitions listB. Play transitionC. Effects barD. Resize handle to changedurationE. Add actionF. Delete transitionG. Add smooth transition(default)H. Change scale of timelineincrements (for fine tuning)ABCDE F G HChapter 8 Flash Catalyst1724. You can modify the default settings for smooth transitions and speed upyour work. Click the small downward-pointing triangle to the right of theSmooth Transition bar to display the Smooth Transition Options panel(Figure 8.31). For example, if you’d like all transitions to be 1.5 secondslong, change the Duration setting to 1.5. Then you can quickly add a1.5-second transition by simply clicking the Smooth Transition bar, with-out having to drag any slider controls.5. For this project, change the Duration in the Smooth Transition Optionspanel to 1.5 seconds, choose the Smart Smoothing option, and check theOverwrite Existing Effects option. Click OK, and then observe how thetransition sliders have changed (Figure 8.32).The options in the Smooth Transition Options panel are as follows:■ Duration: The total time of the transition from start to end.■ Timing—Simultaneous: Each transition effect starts and stopssimultaneously.■ Timing—Smart Smoothing: Creates a staggered set of transitions.After objects fade out, all resize and move effects play, followed byobjects fading in.■ Overwrite Existing Effects: Changing values in this dialog willaffect previous transitions that use the default transition. Leave thisunchecked to affect only future transitions.6. This project has 30 transitions. The project consists of six pages/states,and each page/state could potentially transition to five other states. If youhad to modify each transition individually, the fun would soon wear off.This is why changing the Smooth Transition settings is beneficial. In theState Transitions list, select the Home > Charleston transition, then scrolldown and Shift-click the last transition, Vancouver > Monterey. Click theSmooth Transition bar, and all of the selected transitions take on theFigure 8.32 Changing theSmooth Transition settingsaffects all transitions that usethe default Smooth Transition.TIP: Notice that smallthumbnails above the timelineshow the starting and endingstate. They can help keep youoriented as you wade throughmultiple transitions. You’re alsoprobably starting to see thewisdom of naming your pages/states sensibly, to make it easierto keep track of what you’redoing. Trying to rememberwhat “Page1,” “Page2,” or “Page3”represents can make yourwork harder.Figure 8.31 You can alterthe default Smooth TransitionOptions to affect future (andexisting) transitions.Building on Photoshop Files 173new settings. Very easy! Test the project transitions by choosing File >Run Project or by using the keyboard shortcuts, Command-Return (Mac)or Control-Enter (Windows).7. If you decide that the 1.5-second transition is too slow for your tastes,change the Smooth Transition settings, checking the Overwrite ExistingEffects option, and test the project again.8. If you’d like to export the project to run locally, or want to upload thefinal exported files to a Web server for testing, choose File > Publish toSWF/AIR. In the export dialog, browse to the Importing Photoshopfolder (or another location of your choice), accept the default settings, andclick OK. Flash Catalyst will export two versions: one for local viewing,and one for posting on a remote server.When you publish to SWF with the default settings, Flash Catalyst createsa folder named after the project, and generates a “host” HTML file insidethat folder named Main.html. Some Web servers don’t automaticallylaunch a file with that name, so the user must type it. If you rename thatHTML file either index.html or default.html, the user can just navigateto the parent directory of the file, rather than having to type the completedirectory path, and the server will automatically launch the appropriatelynamed file. You may want to simplify the name of the containing folder,too. You can see which URL would be easier for your audience to type:■ www.mybrandxsite.com/deploy-to-web/Main.html■ www.mybrandxsite.com/info9. Change the name of the deploy-to-web folder to info. Then change thename of Main.html to index.html. If you upload the info folder to yourWeb server, the viewer will only have to type the URL for your Web site,followed by /info. Less typing, more enjoyable viewing. Save the projectand close the file.Now that you’ve completed the project, consider how the layer organizationin Photoshop gave you a head start for the Flash Catalyst project. Sensiblelayer group naming and consistent arrangement of layers within the layergroups made the project much easier to handle in Flash Catalyst. Andworking methodically in Flash Catalyst should have made it easier for you tosee patterns in the procedures you had to perform, such as creating pages/states and setting up buttons for navigation. Remember this when you startcreating your own projects from scratch. Make it easy on yourself.TIP: Did you notice that theHome button doesn’t seem tofade in or out? That’s becauseit appears on five of the sixpages/states. Since its situationdoesn’t change from page topage, there’s no need for atransition. If you click the Homebutton while you’re previewingthe project in a browser, you’llsee that it fades out during thetransition to the Home pagebecause it doesn’t exist on thatpage/state.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst174Building on Illustrator FilesYou’ll find that starting a Flash Catalyst project based on an Illustrator file is abit easier than working with Photoshop files. As mentioned earlier, Illustratorcontent is more faithfully translated when imported into Flash Catalyst,giving you a bit more flexibility.You can pave the way from Illustrator into Flash Catalyst, making thetransition even smoother. A few tips:■ Choose the Flash Catalyst document profile in Illustrator when you startbuilding the document, and the correct settings are automatically chosenfor color mode, ppi, document dimensions, and pixel grid.■ Ensure that images are 72 ppi.■ Images should be in RGB color mode.■ Embed images or ensure that they are correctly linked (image contentbecomes embedded in the Flash Catalyst document anyway).■ Any symbols in imported Illustrator files become optimized graphics inFlash Catalyst, and appear in the Library panel. If a symbol is used severaltimes in an Illustrator file, you can reduce the size of the Flash Catalystfile by having just one copy of the optimized graphic and sharing thatobject among multiple pages/states. You can edit a single instance inFlash Catalyst by selecting it and choosing Modify > Break Apart Graphic.■ Use Align to Pixel Grid when creating vector components in Illustrator(Figure 8.33). This is especially beneficial for vertical and horizontalobjects, keeping them crisp, with no anti-aliasing to soften edges. (Thesetting has no effect on text.)Figure 8.33 Select objectsin Illustrator and choose theAlign to Pixel Grid option inthe Transform panel. If youbuild the file on the FlashCatalyst document profile, thisis checked automatically.Building on Illustrator Files 175Building the ProjectIn this exercise, you’ll create a tourism promotional piece for the state ofVermont, using an Illustrator file as the starting point.1. First you’ll examine an Illustrator file to see how it’s built. Launch Illustrator,navigate to the Importing Illustrator folder inside the Ch_8_Exercisesfolder, and open VermontStart.ai. If you don’t have Illustrator, you canget an idea how the file is set up in Figure 8.34. Several layers are currentlylocked to protect their content until you begin to modify componentsin Flash Catalyst. After you’ve poked around a little bit, close the file with-out saving.Figure 8.34 The Vermontproject organized in Illustrator.2. Launch Flash Catalyst and, in the welcome screen, under Create NewProject from Design File, choose From Adobe Illustrator File. Navigateto the Importing Illustrator folder and select VermontStart.ai. If youreceive an alert about hyphenation settings, ignore it and click OK todismiss the alert. Save the project as VermontWorking.fxp in theImporting Illustrator folder.Creating a Scroll Panel You’ll create a panel containing scrolling text and avertical scroll bar to control the text.1. In the Layers panel, unlock the Text field and controls layer by clickingon the padlock next to the layer name. Select the Zoom tool ( ), andzoom in on the text at the bottom of the artboard (Vermont’s beautifullandscapes…). You can also use the keyboard shortcuts you know soChapter 8 Flash Catalyst176well from other Adobe applications: Command-spacebar-click (Mac) orControl-spacebar-click (Windows).2. Choose the Text tool and click in the text frame containing the white text.Still using the Text tool, click the small square containing a blue triangleon the bottom edge of the text frame (Figure 8.35). The frame will expand,revealing all the overset text. This just makes the overset text available inFlash Catalyst; the original dimensions of the frame will be used as thebasic scroll panel, and the text will scroll within the area.Figure 8.35 Click the oversetindicator (circled) to expandthe text frame.3. Now you’ll create the vertical scroll bar that will control the text, andestablish a relationship between the scroll bar and the text so it can makethe text scroll up and down. Choose the Select tool and click on the tall,narrow black rectangle to the right of the text. Hold down the Shift keyand click the small green rectangle so both objects are selected. The HUDwakes up and offers to help. Choose Vertical Scrollbar from the list of op-tions (Figure 8.36).Figure 8.36 Under ChooseComponent, select VerticalScrollbar to designate thetwo rectangles as a scrollingcontrol for the text.Building on Illustrator Files 1774. The HUD prompts you to designate the individual parts of the scrollbar by displaying a hint, telling you to select and assign the parts of thescroll bar so it will work (Figure 8.37). The green rectangle will be theThumb (the part that moves up and down), and the black rectangle willbe the Track.Figure 8.37 The HUD tellsyou to select the parts of thevertical scroll bar and assigntheir function.5. Select the black rectangle, click Choose Part in the HUD, and select Track(Required) from the list of parts. Then, select the green rectangle anddesignate it as Thumb (Required). As you can see, the HUD guides youthrough every step (Figure 8.38). Notice, too, that once you’ve assigned ajob to each part of the vertical scroll bar, the green rectangle has movedup to the top of the black track, so it can be ready to scroll whatever youtell it to scroll. Save the file and keep it open.6. Now you’ll introduce the scroll bar to the text frame. Using theBreadcrumbs bar, return to the main project window. Select the scroll bar,and Shift-click to select the text frame next to it. The HUD perks up yetagain. Click Choose Component, and select Scroll Panel from the list ofoptions. The HUD prompts you to indicate which object contains the con-tent to be scrolled. Click Edit Parts to enter the component editing mode.Once there, select the text frame and, under Convert Scroll Panel Part,click Choose Part. From the options, choose Scrolling Content (Required).Figure 8.38 The HUD guidesyou through assigning thefunctions of Track and Thumbto the two small rectangles thatconstitute the vertical scroll bar.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1787. Using the Breadcrumbs bar, return to the main project window and testyour project. Does the scroll bar cause the text to scroll up and down inthe Web browser? Isn’t this easy?Creating the Pages/States This project will have four pages/states(Figure 8.39):■ The welcome screen■ Mad River Valley■ Green Mountains■ Llama FarmYou’ll modify the current state of the project for the welcome screen, createthree new pages/states for the other three topics, and set up navigation buttons.1. In the Pages/States panel, rename Page1 Home. Click the Duplicate Statebutton to duplicate the page, and name the new page MadRiver. Createanother duplicate and name it GreenMtns, and one more duplicate,named Llama. Return to the Home page/state.2. You’ll create the Mad River button first. Unlock the Buttons layer, clickthe triangle to the left of the Mad River layer, and unlock all the objectsin the Mad River layer, if necessary, by clicking the padlock icon for eachsublayer. Rather than Shift-clicking the button components, you’ll use aneasier method: Just click the Mad River layer name, and all the objects onthat layer are selected. Make sure that both the rounded rectangle and thetext label are selected; otherwise, the area of the label becomes a “deadspot” in the middle of the button, which won’t respond to clicking. In theHUD, click Choose Component and select Button from the list of options.3. In the Interactions panel, choose Play Transition to State, and choose theMadRiver page/state. The button artwork already has a glow that wasapplied in Illustrator; you’ll turn it off for the Up state of the button. Selectthe Up option in the HUD, then reselect the Mad River button when youenter component editing mode (you can tell you’re in component editingmode when all other elements are grayed out, allowing you to work onlyon the current object). Scroll to the bottom of the Properties panel untilyou can see the Filters section. Click the Disable icon ( ) to the rightFigure 8.39 The fourVermont pages/states.Building on Illustrator Files 179of the word “Glow” (it’s some distance away, and easy to overlook). Thisturns off the glow when the button is in the Up (default) state, but leavesthe glow on in other states. Notice that Flash Catalyst recognizes theglow created in Illustrator, so you don’t have to recreate the glow in FlashCatalyst. However, you might also notice that the glow is much more sub-dued as it’s rendered in Flash Catalyst. You may decide that you have morecontrol over such effects if you create them in Flash Catalyst.4. Use the Breadcrumbs bar to return to the main project window, and savethe file. Using the same techniques that you used for the Mad River but-ton, set up the buttons for the GreenMtns and Llama pages/states. Savethe file and keep it open.5. Now you’ll work on the three location pages/states. Select the MadRiverpage/state. Turn on the visibility of the photos layer and unlock the layer.The layer contains a single image with three photos side by side in a hori-zontal strip. You’ll move the strip to position each photo in the windownow occupied by the pastel leaf art. Select the photo strip in the artboard,hold down Shift (to constrain the vertical movement of the image), andmove the photo strip to the left until the river photograph is centered inthe opening in the gray rectangle. Zoom in so you can check the positionof the photo. Don’t worry about the rest of the photo strip hanging awk-wardly outside the main artboard. Because it’s not within the confinesof the artboard dimensions, the extra image content won’t appear in theexported project.6. Now you’ll display text that provides information about the Mad RiverValley. In the Layers panel, turn on the visibility of the ghost block layer(this provides a backdrop for the text), and the Mad River Valley textlayer. If necessary, turn off the visibility of the Grn Mtn Text and Llamafarm text layers.7. Select the GreenMtns page/state. Turn on the ghost block layer. Turnoff the Mad River Valley text and Llama farm text layers, and turn onthe Grn Mtn Text layer. Slide the photo to the left to reveal the valleyphoto in the center window.8. Select the Llama page/state. Turn on the ghost block layer. Turn off theMad River Valley and Grn Mtn Text layers, and turn on the Llama farmtext layer. Slide the photo to the left to reveal the llama photo in thecenter window. See? You start to develop a rhythm as you create thepages/states.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1809. The llama text contains a hyperlink. Well, it isn’t a hyperlink yet, but you’llfix that. Zoom in on the text in the ghost box area, switch to the Texttool, and select the blue text www.vtllamas.com. Copy the text to theClipboard so you can use the URL in the next step.10. You can’t apply a Go To URL interaction directly to text, so you’ll cheat.Select the llama text frame with the Select tool, and convert it to a button.In the Interactions panel, choose Go To URL (hidden under the defaultPlay Transition to State entry). In the empty field below the Go To URLoption, paste the text from the Clipboard. The field should now readwww.vtllamas.com. In the pull-down below the URL field, choose Openin New Window (this opens a fresh browser window rather than replacingthe current contents of the viewer’s browser). Click OK and save the file.Test the project in the browser.Adding Transitions and Sounds As a final touch, you’ll add smooth transi-tions to the sliding strip of photos, and import a short MP3 recording ofrushing water to accompany any transitions to the Mad River page/state.1. Select all the transitions in the transitions list at the left end of theTimelines panel. Click the triangle to the right of the Smooth Transitionbar at the bottom of the Timelines panel to display the transition options.Use the following settings and click OK.■ Duration: 1.5 seconds (so the images slide sedately into position)■ Timing: Simultaneous■ Overwrite existing effects: yes2. To import a sound into the project, choose File > Import > Video/Sound File.Navigate to the Importing Illustrator folder and select riversound.mp3.This is a 4-second snippet of water sounds. The sound is not placed any-where in the artboard of the project; it’s added to the Library so you caninvoke it when you need it (Figure 8.40). The Library panel is tucked inbehind the Layers panel. Just click the Library tab to bring it to the frontso you can view its contents.A small bar at the bottom of the Timelines panel provides controls foradding an action, removing or modifying transitions, and scaling thetimeline’s time ruler (Figure 8.41). It’s easy to overlook these controls;they’re sort of hiding in plain sight.Building on Illustrator Files 181Figure 8.40 All assets arestored in the Library.3. To trigger the river sound, you’ll modify all transitions that take the viewerto the MadRiver page/state (don’t panic; there are only three transitionsto work on). Select the Home > MadRiver transition in the list of transi-tions to display its settings. In the Timelines window, select the entry forthe ThreeScenesAcross.psd file (click the name rather than the durationslider). At the bottom of the Timelines panel, click the Add Action buttonand choose the Sound Effect option. The Select Asset dialog appears (Figure8.42), displaying only the sound assets (you only have one, so you can’t miss).The riversound.mp3 asset is highlighted; all you have to do is click OK.Figure 8.42 The Select Asset dialog allowsyou to select any asset that’s already in theproject Library. Since you’ve requested asound effect, it’s polite enough to highlightthe Media assets to make it easy for you.Figure 8.41 The timelinecontrols let you add actions totransitions (such as sounds),remove transitions, changetransition defaults, and scalethe timeline display.Change settings fordefault Smooth TransitionSet transitionto zero secondsSet up action ScaletimelineChapter 8 Flash Catalyst1824. All the transitions are set to a duration of 1.5 seconds, but the river soundis 4 seconds long. You’ll extend the duration of the sound’s allotted timeso it can play in its entirety, without getting stopped abruptly. In the time-line, select the duration bar for the sound, and either drag its pull handleto the right until you snap to the 4 second mark or see “Duration: 4s” inthe tool tip that follows you as you pull. Alternatively, you can just typethe value in the Properties panel (Figure 8.43). Although the sound lastslonger than the transition of the photograph, it will fade out as the vieweris reading the text describing the Mad River area of Vermont. Test theproject. You should be accustomed to using Command-Return (Mac) orControl-Enter (Windows) by now.Figure 8.43 You can adjust theduration of the sound (or anytransition) by dragging the pullhandle of the duration slider inthe timeline, or by typing a valuein the Properties panel.5. Now, fix the other two transitions to the MadRiver page/state:■ GreenMtns > MadRiver■ Llama > MadRiverRemember that you can preview any transition without having to test theproject in a browser; just click the Play button at the top left of the time-line. Save the file and keep it open.Round-Tripping to Illustrator Since the drawing and editing tools are some-what limited in Flash Catalyst, you’ll be glad to know that you can round-tripmost content. If you’ve imported Photoshop content, that content can be183Building on Illustrator Filesround-tripped to Photoshop. Illustrator content is, of course, round-trippedto Illustrator. You’ll have more flexibility with Illustrator content, but there arestill some slight limitations to what you can get away with:■ You can round-trip buttons, check boxes, and other named components,but you cannot round-trip objects that have been designated as custom/generic components (used when you want an object within the artboard tohave multiple states of its own) unless you right-click (Mac: Control-click)and then choose Edit Component to take the object into Isolation Mode.In Isolation Mode, you can then select the object, right-click, and chooseEdit in Adobe Photoshop CS5 or Edit in Adobe Illustrator CS5, whicheveris appropriate.■ You can edit only one component at a time (but that component can be agroup with multiple objects inside it).■ If the object is shared to multiple states, editing applies to all states.■ If an object appears in multiple pages/states (but does not itself havemultiple states), you’ll have to set it to be the same in all states after youreturn the edited content to Flash Catalyst (more about that below).■ While you’re editing in Illustrator or Photoshop, you can see surroundingobjects, which are grayed out for reference. But you cannot select oredit them.1. In the Layers panel, unlock the Title layer and select the name of thelayer to target all the objects in the layer (this is often much easier thanShift-clicking individual shapes). The title, Scenic Vermont, is selectedin the artboard. Choose Modify > Edit in Adobe Illustrator CS5, or justright-click (Mac: Control-click) to choose that option from the contextualmenu. An information alert is displayed (Figure 8.44), but if Illustratoris already running, the switch to Illustrator is so fast you may not see thealert. That’s unfortunate, because it’s giving you some good advice. You’dbe tempted to choose File > Save in Illustrator when you’re through fixingthe content, but you need to click a subtle “Done” control instead. So takea good look at it here, preserved for your viewing pleasure.Figure 8.44 In a fleetingalert, Flash Catalyst advisesyou how to finish your editingsession in Illustrator andreturn the edited content toFlash Catalyst.Chapter 8 Flash Catalyst1842. In Illustrator, click one of the letters in the title text (it’s no longer text;it was converted to outlines when the original Illustrator file was created).Open the Color panel (Window > Color), and choose RGB from the panelmenu for the color mode. Adjust the sliders or type in these values:R140-G200-B100, a nice mossy green. If you’re using the default Essentialsworkspace in Illustrator, the Color panel may be covering up the one con-trol you need next. Close the Color panel, if necessary, so you can see thesubtle options at the upper right of the document window (Figure 8.45).Click the word “Done” to save the edits. In the dialog that appears afteryou click Done, just click OK to accept the default settings (who are weto question?) and return the edited content to Flash Catalyst, updatingyour project.Figure 8.45 Could it be moresubtle? Click Done to save youredits in Illustrator and return tothe Flash Catalyst project.3. Ah, but take a quick look at the other pages/states. The title is stillwhite! Don’t worry—you don’t have to edit the title for each page/state.Just select States > Make Same in All Other States, or right-click(Mac: Control-click) and choose that option from the contextual menu.Now the title is green in all the pages/states, much like Vermont itself.Take a look at the finished project (Figure 8.46). Even though this is probablynew territory for you, think about what you’ve accomplished. You’ve startedwith an Illustrator file that wasn’t overly complex (just well organized, if I dosay so myself), and you’ve created a presentation with sliding transitions anda babbling brook—all without writing a single line of code. You should beproud. More than that, you should be inspired to dig deeper into the fun youcan have in Flash Catalyst.NOTE: In order to round-tripimage content between FlashCatalyst and Photoshop orPhotoshop Extended, you’llneed to install the Flash CatalystCS5 FXG Roundtrip Extensionfor Photoshop CS5. You candownload the extension fromthe Adobe website here: http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/photoshopcs5_fxg.185Building on Illustrator FilesFigure 8.46 The four pages of the Vermont project.This page intentionally left blankChapter 9Now that you’ve been exposed to the tools and functionsin Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe InDesign,and Adobe Flash Professional, it’s time to put it all together.In this chapter you’ll explore concepts more deeply as yourevisit topics that were introduced in previous chapters.In this chapter’s exercises, you’ll be presented with anInDesign document that was originally intended for print.You’ll modify its dimensions and massage its content intoan appropriate format for onscreen viewing. You’ll createbuttons in Photoshop, and you’ll import Illustrator artworkinto Flash Professional to create a simple animation andexport it as a SWF. You’ll combine all the pieces in InDesignand export the whole shebang to SWF, sit back and admireit, and pat yourself on the back.Putting It All TogetherChapter 9 Putting It All Together188Analyzing the InDesign Print DocumentIf you’re creating an ad campaign for a client, and you know that you will needto create both print and Web versions, you may have an advantage. If you canpersuade your client that a landscape format is way cooler than the stodgyold portrait format, you’re ahead of the game. Start with a horizontal format,and it’s much easier for you to repurpose your print content for Web use.If you’re unable to convince your client of the wisdom and appeal of a chichorizontal format, you’ll have considerably more work massaging your textand graphics into the new dimensions. Let’s take a look at just how challeng-ing that might be. You’ll open a magazine article for a fictional resort andrework it for onscreen viewing.1. Launch InDesign CS5. Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Reworkfolder, and open OutdoorMagForPrint.indd. This document is set up fortraditional print. It’s 8.5 by 11 inches, vertical format (Figure 9.1). In orderto prepare it for onscreen viewing, you could take screen shots, distortthem in Photoshop, and… nah, that would be cheating (and ugly). Youshould do it the Right Way.2. The Right Way involves InDesign’s great Layout Adjustment feature, whichgives you some help during the process of changing your document’sdimensions. In essence, you give InDesign permission to massage yourcontent according to the rules you specify. To use this feature while youNOTE: If you’re using InDesign’sLive Preflight feature with set-tings appropriate for print,you may notice the red lightin the lower-left corner of thedocument window, indicatingpreflight errors (mainly RGBimages). The print document inthe exercises is not fully print-compliant. Please ignore theerrors; they’ll be irrelevant whenthe file is exported to SWF.Figure 9.1 The verticalformat of a traditional printpiece isn’t appropriate foronscreen viewing. But youcan use a print documentas a starting point for a Webdocument—with a little helpfrom InDesign.Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 189change the print version of the magazine document to Web-appropriatedimensions, choose Layout > Layout Adjustment (Figure 9.2). Usuallythe default options will give you reasonable results; all you have to do ischeck the option to Enable Layout Adjustment. Examine the options thatthe Layout Adjustment dialog offers for allowing graphics and groups toresize. The option to allow ruler guides to move means that objects thatare snapped to those guides will move along with the guides (includingmargin guides, if you change the margin settings), which helps preserveas much of your document’s layout as possible. Ignoring object and layerlocks means that nothing gets left behind while other objects are beingrepositioned. Understandably, the less drastically the document’s dimen-sions are changed, the less cleanup work you have to do. Click OK.Nothing changes in your document yet.Figure 9.2 The Layout Adjustmentdialog lets you solicit InDesign’shelp in changing the dimensionsof a document.3. You’ve given InDesign permission to massage your document layout. Nowyou have to change the document dimensions. Before you do, choose File> Save As, and save the document as OutdoorMagWebNew.indd in theInDesign Rework folder. Choose File > Document Setup (Figure 9.3).Because the document began life as a print document, InDesign doesn’tallow you to just change the document intent to Web, but there are work-arounds. In the Width field, type 800 px, and change the Height value to600 px. InDesign immediately converts the measurements to inches, butthat doesn’t matter. Set the bleed value to 0, and click OK.Figure 9.3 Even though thedocument is not currentlyusing the pixel measurementsystem, you can still typevalues in pixels in theDocument Setup dialog.NOTE: If you’d like a peek intothe future, the finished InDesignfile is in Ch_9_Exercises >Finished Files > InDesign File.The final SWF and HTML filesare in Ch_9_Exercises >Finished Files > Web Files.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together1904. Yikes! What a mess (Figure 9.4). But it’s still (usually) better than startingover. At least all the text and graphics are in the layout. They just need tobe moved around and modified to work in the new page orientation.5. Experiment with the resized file’s contents. The images weren’t high-res tobegin with; if they were all 300 ppi for best results in printing, the exercisefiles would be pretty hefty. They were downsampled to save space on theexercise disc (and your hard drive). But now that the project is going tobe used for onscreen viewing, that’s no longer an issue. You don’t have tocompletely redo the file; you’ll just modify it until you get a sense of whatwould be involved if this were a live project for which you were billing aclient. In actual production, you’ll have to remember to factor in the timeyou’ll need to spend repurposing print content for Web deployment. Onceyou’ve poked around in the file, save and close it. There’s already a modi-fied file for you to use as you continue in this chapter. In the InDesignRework folder, open OutdoorMagForWeb.indd (Figure 9.5). Before youstart working on the file, save it as MagForWebNew.indd in the InDesignRework folder. Keep the file open.Figure 9.4 A drastic changein dimensions can resultin a real mess, even withthe assistance of LayoutAdjustment features. But itoften beats starting fromscratch.Figure 9.5 The providedOutdoorMagForWeb.inddfile shows you how printcontent was modified to fitthe horizontal page and newdimensions.Analyzing the InDesign Print Document 1916. To ensure that any transparent effects (such as soft edges or drop shadows)render correctly in the RGB color space that will be used during export toSWF, choose Edit > Transparency Blend Space > Document RGB. For con-sistent color conversion during export to SWF, you’ll need to change yourColor Settings. Choose Edit > Color Settings, and switch to North AmericaWeb/Internet (Figure 9.6)—but don’t forget to change back to your nor-mal color management settings when you finish the Web project.Figure 9.6 Since InDesign willconvert all content to sRGB, considerchanging your Color Settings to NorthAmerica Web/Internet for more reliableconversion and onscreen viewing.7. Examine the Swatches panel (Window > Swatches). If this project weredestined for print, the multiple spot colors, as well as any non-CMYKcolors, would have to be resolved. Good news: All swatches, regardless ofspecies, will be rendered to sRGB during export to SWF, so you don’t needto worry about their current flavor. However (and this is even more goodnews), since swatches will be rendered as sRGB during export to SWF, youmight want to change their recipes to RGB and brighten them up, sinceyou’re no longer limited by the smaller CMYK gamut.8. Before you do any more work on the magazine document, take a quicklook at the SWF export dialog. Choose File > Export and select the FlashPlayer (SWF) format. Navigate to the InDesign Rework folder, and namethe export MagPageTest.swf. Examine the settings in the export dialog.There are no options for “spread” or “single pages.” Make sure Paper Colorand Interactive Page Curl are checked. Click OK to complete the export,and view the exported SWF in a browser (or Flash Player). The two-pagespreads are intact, and now that the document is in a horizontal format,you have to scroll a bit to find the edge of the page. Now you know:InDesign’s export to SWF keeps spreads intact.TIP: When you repurpose aprint document for onscreenviewing, consider increasingtext size to enhance readability.And keep in mind that sans-serif fonts are often more leg-ible than serif fonts, especiallyat smaller sizes. Since changingfont style and size can pro-foundly alter your layout, antici-pate this when you’re designinga piece that will be used forboth print and Web.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together1929. The pages of the magazine are formatted to fit on the screen, but only oneat a time. You’ll have to separate the two-page spreads into single pages,but it’s not obvious how you can convince InDesign to let you do that.Go ahead, try it. By default, if you delete a page from a spread, the nextpage in the document shuffles up to take its place. InDesign doesn’t allowan empty spot. Open the Pages panel (Window > Pages), and notice thatAllow Document Pages to Shuffle is on by default (Figure 9.7). Turn offthat option so you can separate the pages.Figure 9.7 Disabling theAllow Document Pages toShuffle option allows youto pull spreads apart intoseparate pages. It also allowsyou to glue pages togetherhowever you’d like.10. Click and drag page 3 to the right far enough that you see a black verticalbar (Figure 9.8). If you don’t drag far enough, the page won’t be dislodged.Pull pages 5 and 7 loose using the same method, and then save the file.Figure 9.8 Once you’vedisabled the Shuffleoption, you can pullthe spreads apart intoindividual pages. Just pullfar enough away fromthe spread that you seea black vertical bar.Adding Hyperlinks 19311. Rather than export to SWF to check your work, test your file in thePreview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview). Choose Edit PreviewSettings from the Preview panel menu, and turn off the option to IncludeInteractive Page Curl (it will get in the way of testing in later steps). Dragthe corner of the Preview panel to make it big enough so you can seecontent at a reasonable size. Set the mode to Preview Document ( ).Refresh the preview by clicking the Play button ( ), then page throughthe magazine using the navigation controls in the Preview panel. Save thefile and keep it open so you can start bringing it to life.Adding HyperlinksSince this document is just an excerpt from a magazine, you’ll have to createonly a few hyperlinks to help out the viewer. If you had to manually createhyperlinks for the entire 64-page magazine, that would be painful and timeconsuming. Keep that in mind when you’re planning a project that will beused for print and Web. Get in the habit of building hyperlinks and cross-references as you go. It’s easier when you do that task during the flow ofproduction, and it’s likely to be less error prone.Hyperlinks intended to lead a viewer from one page to another within adocument can be created with one of four methods:■ You can designate selected text (or an object) as a hyperlink destination,and create a hyperlink to jump to that destination. This method requirestwo constituents: the destination, and the hyperlink that takes the viewerto the destination.■ You can use the Page Anchor option to attach a hyperlink to any text orobject, and direct it to jump to any page in the document. In this method,there’s no need to create a hyperlink destination first; all you have to do isspecify the page to be targeted.■ You can establish a cross-reference relationship between a hyperlink anda text target within the document. In this method, the target text must betagged with a specified paragraph style (that’s how InDesign “finds” it).■ A Text Anchor allows you to select any text as a target, name that target,and establish a hyperlink that jumps to the target. The hyperlink “trigger”can be any object or selected text. The advantage of this method is that itisn’t dependent on paragraph styles, and it retains the hyperlink relation-ship even if the target or hyperlink trigger is moved.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together194And there’s a fifth type of hyperlink. A URL hyperlink takes the viewer to aWeb address when clicked. In this project, you’ll use both the Page Anchorand Text Anchor methods of creating hyperlinks and hyperlink destinations.You’ll also create hyperlinks to lead the viewer to fictional online resources.1. Choose Window > Workspace > Interactive to bring up all the necessarypanels. First, you’ll create two URL hyperlinks, which will take the viewerto the Web. Go to page 2 of the document. Open the Hyperlinks panel(Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks). In the last line of text, use the Typetool to select just the text www.outdooropulencemag.com/tour.Choose the Underline option ( )in the Control panel, or use the keyboardshortcut: Command-Shift-U (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift-U (Windows). Keep theunderlined text selected, and open the Color panel (Window > Color >Color). In the Color panel menu, choose RGB to switch to the RGB colorspace, and drag the B (blue) slider all the way to the right until the value is255. (Show a viewer some underlined blue text, and they will feel irresist-ibly compelled to click it.) Click the New Swatch icon ( ) at the bottomof the Swatches panel (Window > Color > Swatches) to add the new blueswatch. Double-click the swatch, uncheck the Name With Color Value op-tion, and name it Hyperlink. You’ll need it again.2. The text looks like a hyperlink; now you’ll make it behave like one. With thetext still selected, choose New Hyperlink From URL from the Hyperlinkspanel menu. InDesign recognizes the URL format and automaticallyvacuums up the text, without you having to retype the Web address(Figure 9.9). Perform a test export to SWF to make sure the hyperlink isclickable. Since you’re viewing the file locally, Flash Player displays a secu-rity alert telling you that it’s stopped a potentially unsafe operation. Youmay remember from Chapter 2 that you’d have to change the Flash Playersettings to allow this—and that it’s not usually a good idea to do so. At thispoint, you’re exporting the project to SWF just to test whether the hyper-link is active, so don’t change your settings.Figure 9.9 InDesignrecognizes text in a URLformat when you create ahyperlink from selected text.Adding Hyperlinks 1953. Go to page 6 of the magazine. Select the text www.helenehideaway.com,and choose New Hyperlink From URL from the Hyperlinks panel menu.If you have trouble selecting the hyperlink text, temporarily switch to theSelection tool by holding down Command (Mac) or Ctrl (Windows) andclicking the text; this will target the small text frame containing the hyper-link text. Release the Command or Ctrl key, and you should now be ableto select the text. The text is already blue and underlined, but the blue isa bit dull. Apply the Hyperlink swatch you created in Step 1. Save the fileand keep it open.4. Now you’ll create several hyperlinks to help viewers find and follow anarticle in the magazine. First, you’ll create a hyperlink destination (a placefor the viewer to land), then the hyperlink trigger that takes them to thedestination. Go to page 4 of the magazine, where the Helene’s Hideawayarticle begins. Use the Type tool to select the headline From BrunchIn The Garden... and choose New Hyperlink Destination from theHyperlinks panel menu. Choose Text Anchor for the destination type.By default, InDesign names the destination based on the selected text.Change the hyperlink name to Article Start (Figure 9.10). Notice that thehyperlink destination does not appear in the Hyperlinks panel. You’ll haveto accept this; you’ll only see evidence of hyperlink destinations when youcreate the hyperlink that will go searching for them.Figure 9.10 It’s a good ideato change the name of a TextAnchor hyperlink destinationso you’ll recognize it laterwhen you’re creating thehyperlink that connects to it.5. Now you’ll create the hyperlink that jumps to the beginning of the article.Go to page 3 of the magazine, which contains the Table of Contents. Withthe Type tool, select the first entry in the TOC (04—This Month...). Youcan quadruple-click in the paragraph to select the entire paragraph with-out having to click and drag. Once the paragraph is selected, choose NewHyperlink from the Hyperlinks panel menu. Choose Text Anchor for theLink To option. Since there’s currently only one text anchor in the docu-ment, you can’t go wrong. Article Start should already be selected in theText Anchor pull-down menu. Don’t click OK quite yet. You should explorethe options in the New Hyperlink dialog.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together1966. Besides letting you pick the target for the hyperlink, the New Hyperlinkdialog (Figure 9.11) also gives you control of the appearance and behaviorof the hyperlink itself. Notice that you can select a character style to applyto the selected hyperlink text (great when you want to call attention to ahyperlink created from just a word or phrase, rather than the entire para-graph). At the bottom of the dialog, the Appearance options let you specifywhether the hot spot area is indicated with a visible rectangle (the defaultis Invisible Rectangle). If you choose the Visible Rectangle option, theColor, Width, and Style options come to life. The Highlight option governsthe visual feedback that viewers receive when they click. You can choosefrom None, Invert, Outline, and Inset. The None option does, well, nothing.The Invert option momentarily turns the area of the hyperlink to a nega-tive as the viewer clicks. The Outline option displays a stroke around theclicked area, and the Inset option indents the hyperlink area into the page,like a pushed button. For this project, just leave the appearance settings atInvisible Rectangle, with None for the highlight.Creating Jumpline HyperlinksIn a printed piece, jumplines (also called continuation lines) are used to leadthe reader through an article that continues across multiple pages. You don’thave to keep track of the pages containing a story; InDesign automaticallydoes that for you. First, you’ll set up the jumplines, and then you’ll create thehyperlinks and their destinations so the viewer can follow the article aboutHelene’s Holistic Hideaway.1. Go to page 4 of the magazine. Underneath the story text is the small textframe that will become the jumpline. Choose the Type tool, then click atthe end of the text. Press the spacebar to add a space after the word “page”Figure 9.11 The Appearanceoptions give you control overhow the hyperlink hot spotarea appears, and how itresponds when clicked.Adding Hyperlinks 197(it won’t look as if the space has been added, but hang on). Right-click(Mac: Control-click) and choose Insert Special Character > Markers >Next Page Number. This inserts the code InDesign uses to keep track ofthe article. Initially, it will read “continued on page 4,” because it can’tcurrently communicate with the frame containing the article.2. Press the Escape key to switch to the Selection tool, and move the smalltext frame up until it touches the bottom edge of the article text frame.And voilà (which is French for “jumpline”), the text now reads “continuedon page 6.”3. While jumplines help readers of a printed piece, viewers of interactivedocuments need something they can click. A hyperlink can be attached toeither selected text or the frame containing the text. The difference is thesize of the clickable area created. If you attach the hyperlink to selectedtext, only the small area of the text is clickable. If you attach the hyperlinkto the text frame, the entire area of the frame is “live.” There are advantagesto each. In a busy page, limiting the clickable area to just a line of textmight be helpful, but the larger area of the containing frame is an easiertarget. In this document, you’ll attach the jumpline hyperlinks to the textframes rather than selected text. With the jumpline frame still selected,choose New Hyperlink from the Hyperlinks panel menu. Choose Page forthe Link To option, and enter 6 for the page number. Leave the other set-tings at their defaults, and click OK.4. Go to page 6 to fix the other jumpline. At the top of the page, click afterthe text in the small jumpline frame. Press the spacebar and then right-click and choose Insert Special Character > Markers > Previous PageNumber. Switch to the Selection tool and move the frame down so ittouches the top edge of the article text frame. The jumpline text shouldnow read “continued from page 4.”5. Create a new hyperlink for the jumpline text frame on page 6, followingthe instructions in Step 3 above, setting the page target to page 4 so theviewer can jump back to the earlier part of the article. You can close theHyperlinks panel for now.6. Test your file in the Preview panel, using the navigation controls at thebottom of the panel to go to page 3 of the magazine (since you disabledthe page curl). Test the hyperlink you created in the Table of Contents; itshould take you to page 4. Test the jumpline hyperlink; it should take youto page 6. Test the jumpline hyperlink on page 6 to make sure it takes youback to page 4. Save the file and keep it open (or take a break).Chapter 9 Putting It All Together198Multistate Objects: Creating a SlideshowCreating an interactive version of a project can open the doors to includingmore content that wouldn’t fit in the confines of a printed version. In thismagazine, it would be nice to show even more scenes for the OutdoorOpulence European tour, without having to make the images smaller. You’lluse a multistate object to create a slideshow, and control it with buttons.To make room for new, larger images, you would have to completely redesignpage 2. Rather than make you do that, I’ve included some replacement con-tent as InDesign snippets. A snippet is just a record of page geometry, andcan be used to store text and graphic frames—even entire pages. Snippetsdon’t include graphics, just references to them. (However, if graphics areembedded in a document, they will be embedded in the snippets exportedfrom the document.)1. Before you proceed with the remodeling job, save the file at its current state.2. Go to page 2 of the magazine. Select and delete all the frames contain-ing images, then move the text frame up to the top margin of the page(Figure 9.12) to make room for the slideshow you’ll create.Figure 9.12 Repositionthe text frame so the imageslideshow can be placedbelow it.3. Now you’ll bring in the images for the slideshow, the buttons to control theslideshow, and a caption, all as InDesign snippets. First you’ll bring in theimages. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesignRework > SlideShowImages folder and select SlideShowImages.idms.Check the Links panel (Window > Links) to make sure the image links arecurrent. Because the snippet was created on my computer, it remembersthe original location of the images. If necessary, relink all the images. TheMultistate Objects: Creating a Slideshow 199image frames are offset so you can see how many there are (Figure 9.13),and to make it easier to select all frames for subsequent steps. Keep theframes selected for the next step.Figure 9.13 The snippet forthe images contains all thepage-geometry informationto create frames and link toimages.4. Align the top and left edges of the selected frames (Figure 9.14), and becareful to keep the frames selected. If you do accidentally deselect, marquee-select the aligned frames by clicking and dragging across a corner of theassembly to reselect them (you don’t have to completely surround theframes; just snag a portion). Resist the temptation to group the frames.You’re going to create a multistate object out of the ten selected frames.If you group the frames, this won’t work.5. With the frames still selected, open the Object States panel (Window >Interactive > Object States), and click the Convert Selection to MultistateObject icon ( ) at the bottom of the panel. Name the new multistateobject tour slides (Figure 9.15).Figure 9.15 Each selectedimage frame becomes a statein the multistate object.Figure 9.14 Align the topand left edges of the selectedimage frames, being carefulnot to deselect them.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together2006. In the Object States panel, select the state you’d like for the initial view(we used State 7). Center the object horizontally in the page (SmartGuides will help), and position the bottom edge just above the bottommargin guide. Now you’ll bring in the caption and the button art. ChooseFile > Place, navigate back to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesign Rework >SlideShowImages folder, select Caption.idms, and Command-click(Windows) or Control-click (Mac) to select SlideShowButtons.idms,then select Open. Click once to place the caption, and click again to placethe buttons (they’re not buttons yet, but soon will be).7. Position the caption text frame below the slideshow object, centeredhorizontally in the page. Then position the orange triangular buttons oneither side of the slideshow object (Figure 9.16), aligning them verticallywith each other, and center the buttons and slideshow object vertically soeverything is nice and neat. Again, Smart Guides (View > Grids & Guides >Smart Guides) can help.Figure 9.16 Center themultistate object below thetext, and position the captionand triangular buttons asshown.8. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Select theleft-pointing orange triangle, and click the Convert Object to a Buttonicon ( ) at the bottom of the Buttons panel. Name the button prev.For Event, choose On Release, and click the plus sign by Actions to chooseGo To Previous State. The tour slides multistate object is the only likelytarget in the page, so its name automatically appears.9. Using Step 8 as a guide, set up the right triangle to be a button namednext that will take the viewer to the next state of the tour slides. Test theproject in the Preview panel, and save the file. Next, you’ll create somenavigation buttons in Photoshop, so you’ll be leaving InDesign for a while.If you like, close down InDesign while you’re working in Photoshop.Photoshop: Making Buttons 201Photoshop: Making ButtonsYou need to provide navigation buttons in the online version of the magazineso viewers can move from page to page. As you saw when you were creatingthe slideshow, you could just create InDesign objects and convert them tobuttons. But for this magazine, you’ll create some buttons in Photoshop soyou can take advantage of layer comps.1. Launch Photoshop. Choose File > New. Set the width and height to 1 inch.Set the resolution to 300 ppi, the color mode to RGB, and the backgroundto Transparent. Name the new file PrevPage.psd. While the buttons willbe much smaller when you place them in the interactive magazine project,it’s easier to see the results of effects while working at a larger size.2. To create the PrevPage art, you’ll use a vector shape. Select the CustomShape Tool, hidden under the Rectangle Tool (Figure 9.17).3. In the Options bar at the top of the Photoshop interface, click the down-ward pointing triangle to display the currently available vector shapes.If you’ve modified your set of shapes, you may not see the same assort-ment as shown in Figure 9.18. Click the circle-in-a-triangle icon to accessthe panel menu, and choose Shapes from the list of preset assortmentsof vector art. An alert appears, asking if you want to replace the currentshapes with the new set. Click OK if you want to replace the current set, orclick Append if you want to keep the current set and add the new ones.Figure 9.18 To explorethe shapes included withPhotoshop, access the panelmenu of the Shapes panel.4. Now that you have more shapes to play with, search for the hollowtriangle shape (Figure 9.19). Select the shape, but don’t start drawingin the image yet. In the Color panel (Window > Color), choose the RGBcolor mode from the panel menu and create a color that’s R245-G130-B32,a medium orange.Figure 9.17 To start huntingfor a vector shape to use asthe basis for the prevpagebutton, choose the CustomShape Tool.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together202Figure 9.19 Once you’veloaded the additional shapes,find and select the hollowtriangle shape.5. Before you start creating the shape, change the mode used for vec-tor content by choosing the Shape Layers option in the Options bar(Figure 9.20). Instead of creating a nonprinting path, this mode allowsyou to create solid color layers with vector masks.6. Start near the upper-left corner of the image, hold down Shift to constrainthe shape, and drag diagonally to create the orange hollow triangle, leavingenough room for a glow you’ll create later. Switch to the Path Selectiontool ( ), and reposition the triangle in the center of the image. Look inthe Layers panel (Window > Layers); the layer consists of a sheet of solidorange, masked by the vector triangle shape (Figure 9.21). One of theadvantages of using a vector shape layer is that you can edit the shape withpath editing tools such as the Pen tool and the Direct Selection tool (whitearrow). For example, if you want to tweak the position of the triangle in theimage, just use the Path Selection tool to move it. To rotate the image so thetriangle points to the left, choose Image > Image Rotation > 90° CCW.Choose File > Save and save the image in the Ch_9_Exercises > PhotoshopButtons folder as PrevPage.psd (you named the file as you created it, soyou shouldn’t have to rename it).Figure 9.21 Note thata vector mask looks a bitdifferent in the Layers panel,to differentiate it from a pixel-based layer mask.Figure 9.20 The Shape Layersoption allows you to createsolid color layers with vectoredges. Switch back to the plainold Paths option (center) whenyou’re done.NOTE: It’s easy to forget youchose the Shape Layers option,and it will bite you the nexttime you intend to draw a plainold clipping path, insisting oncreating a solid shape layer.Thus, some advice: When you’refinished creating a Shape Layer,reselect the Paths option (thecenter of the three vector op-tions in the Options bar).Photoshop: Making Buttons 2037. Click the Layer Style icon ( ) at the bottom of the Layers panel, andchoose Bevel and Emboss. Use the settings shown in Figure 9.22.Figure 9.22 Use thesesettings for the prevpage.psdbutton. Leave all other valuesat the default settings:Style: Inner BevelTechnique: Chisel HardDepth: 100%Direction: UpSize: 10 pxSoften: 0 pxAngle: 120°Altitude: 30°Global Light: On8. The current appearance of the triangle button will be the Up state. So youcan invoke that state when you’re creating a button, you’ll store the currentappearance in a layer comp. Open the Layer Comps panel (Window >Layer Comps), and click the New Layer Comp icon ( ). Name the layercomp UP, check the Visibility and Appearance options so those attributeswill be stored in the layer comp, and click OK.9. Now you’ll modify the image for the Over button state. Click the LayerStyle button at the bottom of the Layers panel, and choose the Outer Glowoption. Use the settings shown in Figure 9.23. Create a new layer comp,named OVER.Figure 9.23 To create theOver appearance for thetriangle button, use thesesettings, and leave the othervalues at their defaults:Blend Mode: NormalOpacity: 75%Noise: 0%Color: R255-G155-B60Chapter 9 Putting It All Together20410. Click in the small square to the left of the UP state in the Layer Comps panelto make that the default state of the image. Save the file and keep it open.11. You could use this triangle for both the previous and next page buttons,but the highlight and shadow would be wrong on one of them. Yes, I knowthat’s a little nitpicky. But it’s quickly done, and then all of us nitpickerscan sleep soundly. First you’ll flip the artwork, then you’ll move the sunto the correct position. Choose Image > Image Rotation > Flip CanvasHorizontal. In the Layers panel, double-click the entry for Bevel andEmboss, and change the Angle value to 120°. Save the file as NextPage.psd in the Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder and keep it openfor the next part of the exercise. Now you have a matching set of pagebuttons, with consistent highlights and shadows (Figure 9.24).Importing Illustrator Artwork into PhotoshopFor the Home button, you’ll start with some existing Illustrator artwork andapply the same Bevel and Emboss layer style, as well as the orange glow, so allthe buttons have a consistent appearance.1. To avoid ruining the NextPage button, duplicate it before you beginchanging it to create the Home button. Choose Image > Duplicate, andname the new image HomeButton.psd. Close the NextPage.psd image.2. To bring in the Illustrator artwork, choose File > Place, navigate to theCh_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder and select Home Path.ai.Make sure Crop To is set to Bounding Box, and click OK. The house art-work is imported and centered in the image. Note the handles aroundthe art. This is because you’ve placed content. Photoshop gives you theopportunity to reposition or transform placed art before finalizing theimport. The artwork just happens to fit (that happens in lesson files, butrarely in Real Life). Just press Return (Mac) or Enter (Windows) to committo the import.3. To duplicate the Bevel and Emboss settings for the original triangle button,hold down Option (Mac) or Alt (Windows), select the small to the rightof the Shape 1 layer (the triangle), and move it up to the Home Path layer.If you find this difficult to do (it can be stubborn to click in just the rightspot), there’s another method. Select the Shape 1 layer and choose Layer >Layer Style > Copy Layer Style. Then select the Home Path layer and chooseLayer > Layer Style > Paste Layer Style. Delete the Shape 1 layer, save thefile, and keep it open.Figure 9.24 The finishedset of page buttons, withanatomically correcthighlights and shadows.Adding Navigation Buttons 2054. Look in the Layer Comps panel. Both of the layer comp entries have yellowwarning triangles because the content to which they referred is gone.You’ll keep the layer comp names, but make them represent the UP andOVER states of the new Home button. The current state of this image willconstitute the UP state, so select the UP layer comp name in the LayerComps panel (don’t select the square to the left of the name; select thename itself). Then choose Update Layer Comp from the Layer Comps panelmenu. The yellow warning triangle should disappear from the UP state.5. Now you’ll add the same orange glow that was used in the OVER statesof the triangle page buttons. Click the Layer Style icon at the bottom of theLayers panel, and choose the Bevel and Emboss option. For Blend Mode,choose Normal, and change the Color to R255-G155-B60. Leave all othervalues at the default settings and click OK.6. Select the OVER layer comp (again, click the layer comp name, not thesquare to the left of the name), and choose Update Layer Comp from theLayer Comps panel menu. The yellow warning triangle should disappearfrom the OVER state.7. Click in the square to the left of the UP layer comp name to make it thedefault appearance of the image. Save the file as HomeButton.psd inthe Ch_9_Exercises > Photoshop Buttons folder, and close the image(Figure 9.25).You can close Photoshop now. It’s time to return to InDesign so you can addand activate the new buttons.Adding Navigation ButtonsYou added navigation buttons in Chapter 2, so this should be old hat (or oldbutton) for you. But if you want to streamline the process by placing thebuttons on the master page, you’ll have to further modify the document.1. Launch InDesign and reopen MagForWebNew.indd in the InDesignRework folder. Currently, the document still considers itself a facing-pagedocument. All left-hand pages are based on the left master page, and allright-hand pages are based on the right master page. You could placethe buttons twice (once on each master page), but there’s an easier way.Choose File > Document Setup, and uncheck the Facing Pages option.Note that this can be tricky in documents with crossover elements, butthat won’t be an issue with this document.Figure 9.25 The finishedHome button, in its UP state.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together2062. In the Pages panel (Window > Pages), double-click the A-Master label inthe top part of the panel. If you see a pair of text frames at the bottom ofthe pasteboard, delete them (they’re leftover folio frames, and you don’tneed them in the interactive version of the magazine). From the Pagespanel menu, choose Master Options for A-Master. In the dialog, changethe number of pages to 1 (Figure 9.26) and click OK. Save the file andkeep it open.Figure 9.26 Once you’vechanged the DocumentSetup to Single Pages, changethe number of pages in theA-Master to 1, so you onlyhave to keep track of onemaster page.3. When you place the button artwork, you want to make sure none of thebuttons interfere with artwork already in the magazine pages. Wouldn’tit be great if you could look at all the pages simultaneously to see therepercussions of positioning the buttons on the master page? You can—almost. Choose Window > Arrange > New Window, then choose Window> Arrange > Tile to place both views of the document side by side. Thismay seem like an instruction from the Department of RedundancyDepartment, but you’ll soon see how handy this is when you’re jugglingmaster page content and document page objects.4. Click in the right document window to make it the active window, andthen double-click the thumbnail for Page 1 in the Pages panel. Click inthe left document window to make it the active window, and then double-click the A-Master label. Double-check the windows before you proceed.You should see “A-Master” at the bottom-left of the left document window,and the numeral “1” at the bottom left of the right document window. Asyou work through the next few steps, remember: Master on the left, docu-ment on the right.5. In the Layers panel, create a new top layer and name it buttons. Lock thetext and graphics layers, and target the new buttons layer. In the rightwindow (the document), reduce the magnification so you can see two orthree pages if possible.6. Once again, click in the left (master) window to make it active. ChooseFile > Place, navigate to the Photoshop Buttons folder, and selectPrevPage.psd, HomeButton.psd, and NextPage.psd. Click to place theAdding Navigation Buttons 207three buttons under the bottom margin of the master page (Figure 9.27).Scale the buttons to 50% of their current size, and align their top edgesusing the alignment controls in the Control panel. Select all three buttons,and use the Distribute Horizontal Centers control ( ) in the Controlpanel to distribute the buttons evenly. Save the file and keep it open.Figure 9.27 Position thebutton artwork close together,with enough distancebetween them to avoidaccidentally clicking thewrong one.7. Click in the right window to make it active. Scroll through the right win-dow to see what’s happening throughout the document. If the buttonsare too high in the master page, click in the left window to target theA-Master, and move the buttons down a bit. This won’t fix all the pages;you’ll have to modify pages 2 and 5.8. The buttons don’t show on the cover, because it’s based on the Nonemaster. Double-click the page 1 thumbnail to target it, and Alt-clickthe thumbnail for the A-Master master page (Mac: Option-click theA-Master). This applies the A-Master page to page 1. You should now seethe navigation buttons on the cover page.9. Lock the buttons layer, and unlock the text and graphics layers. Go topage 2, and move the slideshow and caption text frame as far up as youcan without crowding the text at the top of the page. Select the captiontext below the slideshow, and reduce it to 20 points. Move the captionframe up until it clears the buttons by a comfortable margin.10. Go to page 3, the Table of Contents. There’s no room to move the Table ofContents text up without it being lost in the background image. Instead,you’ll modify the paragraph style used by the text to reduce the spacebetween paragraphs. Click in empty space to deselect anything that mightbe selected. In the Paragraph Styles panel (Window > Styles > ParagraphStyles), double-click 1_Blue TOC to open the Style Options dialog. Inthe left column of the dialog, select Indents and Spacing and change theSpace After value to 0.1875. Click OK to exit the dialog.11. On page 5, select and move the fireplace image and the text frames belowthe image up until they clear the navigation buttons.12. If necessary, return to the A-Master page and reposition the buttons. Aslong as the bottom edge of the buttons is about 0.1 inch from the bottomChapter 9 Putting It All Together208of the page, that should be satisfactory. Close one of the document win-dows; it doesn’t matter which one (just don’t close both). Save the file andkeep it open.Assigning Actions to the Navigation ButtonsNow that you’ve finally positioned the navigation buttons, it’s time to add theactions. Once you’ve done that, you’ll reposition or delete a few buttons in thedocument pages.1. Double-click in the A-Master page to target it. Open the Buttons panel(Window > Interactive > Buttons). Using the methods you learned earlier,select the left triangle, convert it to a button, and name the button PrevPage.Click the plus sign by Actions and choose the Go To Previous Page action.Keep the button selected.2. Select the Rollover state in the Buttons panel. Switch to the Direct Selectiontool (white arrow) and click inside the button frame to select the imagerather than the frame (if you’re zoomed up sufficiently, you can justclick the Content Grabber “donut” inside the frame to target the image).Choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options dialog,choose the OVER layer comp and click OK.3. Now you’ll create the next page button. Select the right triangle, convertit to a button, and name the button NextPage. Add the Go To Next Pageaction. Select the Rollover state and use Object Layer Options to choosethe OVER layer comp so the button will show an orange glow when theviewer rolls over it.4. Select the home graphic, convert it to a button, and name it HomeButton.Add the Go To First Page action. Choose the Rollover state and use ObjectLayer Options to choose the OVER layer comp. Save the file and keepit open.5. Now you’ll delete unnecessary buttons. Double-click the page 1 thumbnailin the Pages panel to target it. Because the buttons are master page items,they are locked. Choose Override All Master Page Items from the Pagespanel menu to unlock the frames containing the button artwork. Selectand delete the PrevPage and HomeButton frames. Move the NextPageframe to the right so it’s closer to the edge of the page.6. Go to page 7. Here, you’ll use a different method of unlocking the buttons,since you only want to delete the NextPage button and don’t want to riskAnimating a Headline 209messing up the arrangement of the remaining buttons. Hold downCommand-Shift (Mac) or Ctrl-Shift (Windows) and click the NextPagebutton to unlock only that master item. Once it’s unlocked, delete it.7. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode ( ), click the Playbutton ( ), and test the buttons and hyperlinks. Fix any malfunctioningcontrols, save the file, and keep it open.As you’ve seen throughout this book, adding interactive content and naviga-tion controls can be a time-consuming endeavor. In essence, you’re workinghard so the viewer doesn’t have to think about how to navigate through yourdocument. I hope your client appreciates all the hard work you’re doing.Animating a HeadlineJust for good measure, don’t you think this magazine could use some flyingtext? I thought so.1. Go to page 7 of the magazine. With the Pen tool or Pencil tool, draw acurving shape starting in the pasteboard at the lower left of the page, andending in the center of the word Environment. The stroke attribute of thepath is not important; once it’s converted to a motion path it will lose anyfill and stroke attributes and become invisible. The smoother the path, themore smoothly the word will fly in (Figure 9.28). Think of the path as asort of track that the word will follow.Figure 9.28 Draw aswooping path with the Penor Pencil tool from the lowerleft to the center of the wordEnvironment. Start severalinches outside the left edgeof the page.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together2102. Open the Animation panel (Window > Interactive > Animation). Selectthe text frame containing the word Environment, and Shift-click toselect the path you drew. At the bottom of the Animation panel, clickthe Convert to Motion Path icon ( ). If necessary, click the triangleto the left of the Properties label in the Animation panel to reveal theProperties options. Choose the following settings, and leave other optionsat the defaults.■ Event: On Page Load■ Duration: 1.5 seconds■ Speed: Ease in■ Animate: To Current Location■ Opacity: Fade In3. Test the flying text. You can edit the path by selecting the text frame andthen switching to the Direct Selection tool and clicking the motion pathto select it. You can then move points and manipulate direction handlesas you can on any other path. Save the file and keep it open.Adding a VideoTo give the viewers an idea of what they’re missing if they don’t visit Helene’sHolistic Hideaway, you’ll add a video showing fun-loving raccoons playingin a giant exercise wheel. The movie was originally an AVI file from a digitalcamera. It was converted to the F4V format with Adobe Media Encoder.1. Go to page 6 of the magazine. Choose File > Place, navigate to theCh_9_Exercises > Video folder, select raccoons.f4v, and click Open. Click(don’t drag) somewhere in the text frame to the left of the peacock photo.You may have to wait a couple of seconds for the video preview to appear.2. Open the Media panel (Window > Interactive > Media). Uncheck Play onPage Load; you’ll trigger the movie with a button. Set the Poster option toNone, and choose the SkinOverAllNoFullNoCaption controller. (Yes, that’sits name. Whew.) Check the Show Controller on Rollover option. If neces-sary, reposition the movie frame so it’s centered over the text frame.3. The button art has been provided as an InDesign snippet. ChooseFile > Place, navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Video folder, selectVideoButton.idms, and click Open. Click above the peacock photo toUsing Illustrator and Flash Professional 211create the embossed text frame that will become a button; right now it’sjust a text frame. Position the frame so its right edge aligns with the rightedge of the peacock photo.4. Convert the text frame to a button named playmovie, and add the Videoaction. Because there’s only one video in the page, the raccoons.f4v videois automatically designated as the target.5. Click the Rollover state in the Buttons panel. Right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Effects > Drop Shadow. Add a 50% black drop shadow,with an X and Y offset of 0.07 inch (Figure 9.29). Set the size of the shadowto 0.07 inch, and click OK.6. Test the spread in the Preview panel. Make sure the button triggers thevideo (there’s no audio accompanying the playful raccoons, so you canturn your sound down now). Save the file. In the next section, you’ll beworking in Illustrator and Flash Professional, so you can close InDesignif you like, and take a break before you start the next part of the project.Using Illustrator and Flash ProfessionalIllustrator and Flash Professional have a close relationship. Flash understandsthe native Illustrator format; you can import Illustrator files with control overwhich layers are visible, and even copy/paste directly between the applica-tions. In this part of the lesson, you’ll modify an Illustrator file, then paste itscontents into a Flash document and animate it so it will fly gently. You’ll ex-port the animation to a SWF, which you’ll then place in InDesign so it can flyacross the page.Figure 9.29 Add a dropshadow to the Rolloverstate of the button that willtrigger the raccoon video,just to provide a bit of visualfeedback to the viewer.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together212Modifying the Illustrator ArtworkYou’ll give yourself a bit of a head start by converting the Helene’s Hideawaylogo to a movie clip symbol before you bring it into Flash Professional.1. Launch Adobe Illustrator. Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > InDesignRework > Links folder, and open helene_logo2.ai. Select all the artworkon the artboard, and group it together (Object > Group). You don’t have togroup the artwork, but it does prevent wandering.2. You need to convert the grouped artwork to a symbol. Open the Symbolspanel (Window > Symbols), and drag the selected grouped artwork ontoan empty area of the Symbols panel. In the Symbol Options dialog (Figure9.30), name the symbol Helene_Symbol, accept the default settings, andclick OK. This creates a new symbol and—more importantly—convertsthe original artwork into an instance of the symbol. Note that the defaultsymbol type is Movie Clip; this will come in handy in Flash.Figure 9.30 Convertingthe artwork to a symbol inIllustrator saves you a step inFlash Professional. You canalso designate Illustrator art asa symbol during the import toFlash Professional.3. If necessary, reselect the logo artwork, and then copy it to the Clipboard.You don’t have to change the document color mode of the Illustratorfile, because its mode will become RGB when it’s imported into FlashProfessional.4. Launch Flash Professional. Choose File > New to start a new document.In the dialog that appears, ActionScript 3.0 (the first option in the list ofgeneral options) should be selected. If not, select ActionScript 3.0 andclick OK. The white rectangle that appears is the stage, analogous to apage in InDesign. Save the file as FlyingLogo.fla in the Ch_9_Exercises >Illustrator to Flash folder.5. To ensure that the animation will fall where you intend in the final proj-ect, change the document dimensions to match the 800 px by 600 px sizeof the InDesign document. Choose Modify > Document and change theWidth and Height values. Alternatively, you can click the Edit button bythe size values in the Properties Inspector at the right side of the stage.Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 2136. Paste the Helene’s Hideaway logo artwork that’s been waiting patiently onthe Clipboard. If you have copied something else to the Clipboard sincethen, you’ll probably receive an error when you attempt to paste it intothe Flash document. Go back to Illustrator and recopy the artwork if nec-essary. Accept the default pasting options (Figure 9.31) and click OK.Figure 9.31 The defaultoptions work for mostsituations when you pasteIllustrator artwork into a FlashProfessional project.7. To help you position the flying logo correctly, choose View > Rulers if therulers are not already visible. Zoom in on the top left corner of the stageby holding down Command-spacebar (Mac) or Ctrl-spacebar (Windows)and dragging a zoom marquee across the upper-left corner of the stage.Position your cursor in the horizontal ruler across the top of the stage,and drag down until you reach the 20 pixel mark. Then choose View >Magnification > Fit in Window.8. Using the Selection tool at the right side of the Flash interface (like theSelection tools in other Adobe applications, it’s a black arrow), move thelogo movie clip to just inside the left edge of the stage, with its top edgealigned to the guide you created.9. At the bottom of the Flash Professional interface, click the Timeline tab toshow the timeline controls if they’re not already visible. Go to frame 120of the timeline, click in the small rectangle underneath the 120 mark, andchoose Insert > Timeline > Frame. Alternatively, you can right-click (Mac:Control-click) in the frame rectangle and choose Insert Frame.10. Return to frame 1 of the timeline by clicking in the frame rectangle at thebeginning of the timeline. Select the logo movie clip in the stage. (It maybe hard to think of a stationary object as a movie clip, but this is howFlash regards it. Just go along with it.) Choose Insert > Motion Tween.11. Click the Motion Tween tab, which is tucked in behind the Timeline tab.Scroll down until you see the Transformation section of the Motion Tweencontrols. Locate the Scale X and Scale Y controls (Figure 9.32). Click theblue 100% by the Scale X label, and change the value to 30%; the Scale Yvalue should also change, since the X and Y values are linked together.NOTE: The default frames-per-second rate (think of movieframes) is 24 fps in both In-Design and Flash Professional.This is a 5-second animation;5 x 24 =120.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together21412. Now you’ll add an effect to make the logo fade in as it moves across thestage. Scroll a bit farther down in the Motion Editor controls, until you seeColor Effect. Click the plus sign to the right of the Color Effect entry in thelist of controls, and choose Alpha from the pull-down menu that appears(Figure 9.33). A new row, Alpha amount, appears. Click the initial 100%value and change it to 0% (you can also scrub to the left on the value itselfto reduce it to 0). You can also add and modify the Color Effect option inthe Properties Inspector.Figure 9.33 Set the Alphavalue to 0% under Color Effectin the Motion Editor controls.This will initially hide the logo,so it can fade in as it movesacross the page.13. Click the Timeline tab to bring the timeline controls to the front again. Clickin the last small frame rectangle, under the 120 mark. Select the logo on thestage (it will still think it’s at 0% alpha, and thus invisible, but you should beable to find its bounding box; click and drag if necessary to throw a net overit). Move the bounding box of the invisible logo to the right side of the stage.14. Return to the Motion Editor by clicking its tab. Scroll down to theTransformation section, and change the size to 60% for both X and Y values.In the Color Effects section, change the alpha to 100%. Now that you canactually see the logo, reposition it so it falls just inside the top and rightedges of the stage.Figure 9.32 In the first frameof the timeline, change theScale X and Y values to 30%(initially, you’ll see 100%, asshown).TIP: Since motion presets(including any custom motionpaths) are stored as XML,they can be shared betweenInDesign and Flash Professional.Using Illustrator and Flash Professional 21515. Preview the animation by pressing Ctrl-Enter (Windows) or Command-Return (Mac). The logo should move sedately across the stage, becomingfully visible when it reaches the right side. Don’t worry that the animationloops over and over; you’ll fix that in a later step. Close the preview, savethe file, and keep it open.16. Notice the red line connecting the initial state of the logo with the currentstate and position of the logo. That’s a visual representation of the mo-tion tween path—and it’s editable (the path is red because that’s the keycolor of the layer it’s in). With the Selection tool, click in the middle of themotion tween path and drag it downward (Figure 9.34). If the entire linemoves, rather than being reshaped, undo and reselect the line, making sureyou see a little curly icon by your cursor to indicate that you can modifythe shape of the motion path.17. Click the Timeline tab to return to the timeline controls. Click in the smallframe rectangle at the 48 marker. You’ll see the position and alpha state ofthe logo at that moment in time. Select the logo movie clip and move it upuntil its top edge aligns roughly with the guideline. Notice that the motiontween path gently curves in and out of that position to provide a smoothmotion (Figure 9.35). Preview the animation again to see the results ofthis move.18. Now you’ll modify the motion tween so the animation starts out fast, thenslows down as the logo lands in its final location. Click the motion path toselect it. In the Properties panel on the right, enter 75 in the Ease setting.Preview the animation to see how this changes the behavior of the flyinglogo. Close the preview and save the file.Figure 9.34 The motion pathis completely editable. Justdrag the nodes on the line, asyou would do in Illustrator.Figure 9.35 At frame 48,move the logo movie clip upto add another little bounce tothe motion path.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together21619. Now you’ll enter a Stop command, to prevent the flying logo from loopingand driving your viewers mad. In the timeline, click in the last frame, underthe 120 mark. Select the logo movie clip on the stage. Open the CodeSnippets panel (Window > Code Snippets). Click the triangle to the leftof Timeline Navigation in the Code Snippets panel to reveal the optionsunder that topic (Figure 9.36). Double-click the Stop at this Frame com-mand. Flash Professional creates a new layer in the timeline to hold theassigned action, and adds the code to the last frame in the timeline. TheActions-Frame panel automatically appears, showing you the code thathas been added. Close the Actions-Frame panel and save the file.20. Now it’s time to export the animation to SWF, so it can be placed inInDesign. Choose File > Publish Settings. In the Type options, uncheckeverything but Flash (.swf), and click the small folder icon to the rightof the filename field to choose a location for the SWF. Save the SWF asFlyingLogo.swf in the Ch_9_Exercises > Illustrator to Flash folder.21. Now that you’ve finished animating the Illustrator logo, you can closeFlash Professional. In the next section, you’ll import the SWF file into themagazine project in InDesign.TIP: The gray text you see incode display is explanatorycommenting provided by Flash.As you explore Flash Profes-sional more deeply, you’ll findcode commenting helpful andeducational.Figure 9.36 When you adda Stop command in the lastframe of the animation toprevent it from looping, FlashProfessional displays thecomplete commented codein case you’d like to examineor edit it.Importing Flash Animation into InDesign 217Importing Flash Animation into InDesignTo finish the interactive magazine project and try to drum up business forHelene’s Holistic Hideaway, you’ll import the animated logo you created inthe previous section.1. Launch InDesign. Choose File > Open, navigate to the InDesign Reworkfolder, and open MagForWebNew.indd. Go to page 5 of the magazine.Select and delete the Helene’s Holistic Hideaway logo; you’ll replace thestatic logo with the flying version.2. In the Layers panel, target the buttons layer. Choose File > Place,navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises > Illustrator to Flash folder, selectFlyingLogo.swf, and click Open. Click near the upper-left corner of thepage to place the animation. Since the animation was built to the samedimensions as the magazine pages, you can snap the upper-left corner ofthe animation to the upper-left corner of the page and it should fit perfectly.3. In the Media panel, select the Play on Page Load option and set the Posteroption to None. The animation won’t be visible until the viewer lands onpage 5. Then, the logo should fly in automatically and land gracefully inthe position originally occupied by the static Illustrator artwork. If thatdoesn’t drum up business for the resort, I don’t know what will.4. Perform one final check of all the interactive elements in the Preview panel.Don’t forget all the hyperlinks, the navigation buttons, the slideshow, and theflying text. Once you’re certain that everything is functioning as expected,choose File > Save As and overwrite the current MagForWebNew.inddfile. Why Save As, rather than just File > Save? Every time you save anInDesign file, new information is appended to the existing file, and filesize can begin to bloat. Save As rewrites the file, economizing it. This canreduce the file size, sometimes dramatically. Just for grins, note the before-and-after file size to see the difference. For example, I just performed aSave As on this chapter, and the file size went from 9.2 MB to 7.4 MB.Chapter 9 Putting It All Together218Exporting the Finished ProjectAt long last! It’s time to export the magazine project to SWF and prepare theproject for uploading to a Web site. You probably remember the approachfrom Chapter 6, but here’s a short refresher course.1. Choose File > Export, and select Flash Player (SWF) for the format.Navigate to the Ch_9_Exercises >Final Project folder, name the fileFinalMag.swf, and click Save. In the Export SWF dialog, make sureInteractive Page Curl is deselected.2. Your default browser should launch and display the exported SWF.Navigate through the magazine project and test all the interactivefeatures. When you’re finished, close InDesign, Flash Professional,Photoshop, Illustrator, your Web browser, your e-mail program, andanything else that’s running, and take a break. You deserve it!ChecklistWhen you’re absorbed in a project—whether print or interactive—it’s easy todevelop tunnel vision, especially when you’re nearly finished. Deadlines canblur your vision, so you should consider making a list that you use to checkyour project before you consider it finalized. It’s even better if you can arrangeto have someone test the finished interactive piece to see if they encounterany issues. Innocent bystanders can be invaluable.You’ll develop your own checklist over time, but here’s a starter list.Page dimensions■ Does the project fit on a typical monitor or laptop screen?■ Would the viewer need to scroll to view important content if the projectwas viewed on a small laptop?Hyperlinks■ Do all the intra-document hyperlinks work correctly? Check hyperlinksto page anchors, hyperlinks to text anchors, cross-references, jumplinehyperlinks, and Table of Contents hyperlinks.■ Are hyperlinks obviously clickable?Exporting the Finished Project 219Web links■ Are all Web links clickable?■ Are there any incorrect links (dead URLs, incorrect sites, less-than-tastefulsites as the result of a typo)?■ Are links obvious? Will the viewer know to click?■ Is it easy to hit intended links, without accidentally clicking on the wrongone in a tight space?Navigation controls■ Are navigation buttons intuitive?■ Is it obvious which is a next or previous page button?■ Does a home button lead to the appropriate target (a cover orTable of Contents)?■ Should you include a “how the controls work” page at the beginning ofthe document to make sure the viewer understands the navigation?Page transitions■ Do page transitions enhance or detract from the experience?■ Will page transitions interfere with navigation controls?Video■ Is it obvious that there is video content? Provide a button or caption thatinvites the viewer to click. Otherwise, they may mistake the video for astill photograph if the video is not set to play on page load.■ Have you included a player skin so the viewer can control playback?Audio■ Is there an obvious indicator that the viewer should click to play audio,if it’s not set to play on page load?■ Is the audio long enough to be worth hearing, but not so long that itoutlasts the page view?Chapter 9 Putting It All Together220Animations■ Is the timing correct for all animations? Do they play in the correct order?■ Do the animations play on page load, or do you need to lead the viewer toclick a trigger?Multistate objects■ Is the current state the one you want viewers to see initially?■ Have you provided controls for cycling through the states of the object?Buttons■ Do buttons convey what they do?■ Do rollover and click appearances work?Deployment■ Do you need to rename the host HTML file “index.html” or “default.html”for it to work properly on your Web server?Wrapping UpNow that you’ve taken this trip through InDesign, Photoshop, Illustrator, andFlash Professional, you should have a much better idea how to tackle yournext interactive project. You should be comfortable with the new interactivefeatures in InDesign CS5, and perhaps inspired to move outside your print-centric comfort zone.Welcome to the future. Now go have fun with your new toys!IndexAactionsbutton. See button actionsPDF, 119SWF, 118–119ActionScript, 2, 140, 143, 212. See also scriptingAdobe AIR, 146, 155–156Adobe Media Encoder, 40Adobe Media Player, 25, 131.ai extension, 80AIR applications, 146, 155–156alignmentcaption text, 200images, 199objects, 15All States command, 170anchor points, 61animated logos, 212–216animation, 51–74adding to objects, 4–7combining behaviors, 59–62considerations, 220delays, 9, 10event triggers, 55–62Flash Catalyst and, 146grouping, 59–62headlines, 209–210importing into InDesign, 217in InDesign, 52–54, 217motion presets, 62–69order of, 8–10overview, 52–54play controls, 7, 8–10previewing, 7–8sample scripts, 52–54synchronizing, 61timing, 8–10transitions. See transitionsAnimation action, 119Animation Encyclopedia, 52–54Animation panel, 4–7Animation Proxy view mode, 62Appearance Only option, 127AppleScript, 52application files, 132applicationsAIR, 155–156e-mail, 83, 116, 118RIA, 146artboards, 98, 101, 148–151artwork. See graphics; Illustrator artwork;imagesaudio, 48–49buttons for, 48–49considerations, 219in Flash Catalyst, 180–182playing/stopping, 48settings, 48–49working with, 10–14audio formats, 48–49automatic page numbers, 85AVI format, 40Bbackgrounds, 74, 127Balloon Float preset, 64–69bevel effect, 87–88, 168, 204Bézier paths, 5, 61, 63blending modes, 102–103bookmarks, 23, 114–115, 139bounding boxes, 61, 92, 96, 214Breadcrumbs bar, 143, 148, 149, 166, 177button actionsbutton events, 76–82for button states, 90–91for navigation buttons, 113–119, 208–209PDF-only actions, 119quick guide to, 117–220SWF and PDF actions, 118–119SWF-only actions, 119working with, 113–117button artcreating in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205creating in Photoshop, 102–112button states. See also statesadding glow effect to, 89changing content in, 89–93considerations, 160Index222button states (continued)creating, 88–89normal, 80, 81, 85, 88, 90, 92overview, 77–82in Photoshop, 203–204button triggersactions, listed, 118–119button events, 76–82for movies/video, 45–46, 59, 210–211buttons, 75–119. See also navigation buttonsactions. See button actionsappearance, 79, 82–93, 113–114art for. See button artfor audio, 48–49considerations, 76, 220converting objects to, 30, 46, 200converting text frames to, 92–93creating in Flash Catalyst, 152–153creating in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205creating in Photoshop, 201–205deleting, 208distributing evenly, 207events. See eventsframes as, 87–89grouping, 59–62hot spots, 76, 92images for, 79included with InDesign, 83–87in interactive documents, 76labels, 152, 153, 169, 178layers, 101–102limitations, 91–92live corners, 93modifying, 29–31mouseovers, 78multilayer, 103–113multimedia content in, 91naming, 30, 84next page, 23, 70–72, 204, 208overview, 28, 75–76PDF files, 76–77positioning, 206–208previous page, 23, 29–30, 204rollover effects, 31–33, 58sample, 83–87shapes, 92–93, 152Show/Hide controls, 31, 32, 33, 79, 80states. See button statesstyles, 111symbols, 97–102target, 31, 32, 76triggers. See button triggersunlocking, 29, 42, 116, 208–209visibility options, 32–33Buttons panel, 32, 78–93, 110–111Ccaptions, 200CD/DVD distribution, 131–132checklist, project, 218–220Click event, 56, 80Click state, 82, 90Clipboard, 153, 180, 212–213clipping paths, 202CMYK color, 122, 124Code Snippets panel, 216Code workspace, 148colorbackground, 127CMYK, 122, 124glow, 165hyperlinks, 194, 195remap artwork, 98–99RGB, 94, 122, 124, 174, 191spot, 124, 191color groups, 100Color Overlay effect, 108, 109Color panel, 103Color Picker, 165color relationships, 99color space, 124color swatches, 100, 191color wheel, 99component editing mode, 169, 177–179compression, 129, 137contentalternate, 160–163, 170changing in button states, 89–93multimedia, 10–14, 137pasting vs. placing, 125printed vs. onscreen, 20–22viewing in browser, 132Content Grabber icon, 82, 90continuation lines, 196controllers/controller skins, 13, 42Crop to Media option, 89cross-references, 23, 33–36, 193Index 223Ddeployment, 24, 130–132, 220Design workspace, 148destinations, 113, 114, 115–116distribution, project, 130–132Document Setup dialog, 189documents. See also files; InDesign documentspreviewing. See previewsrepurposing for onscreen use, 20–22, 123testing navigability of, 23Down state, 77drop shadow effect, 105, 106, 211DVD/CD distribution, 131–132Eedges, 112editingcomponent editing mode, 169, 177–179in Flash Professional, 141–144effects. See also filterscomplex, 157exporting and, 138Flash Catalyst and, 157transparency, 124Ellipse tool, 167–168e-mail addresses, 83, 118e-mail applications, triggering, 83, 116, 118emailing SWF files, 24emboss effect, 87–88, 157, 204event triggers, 6–7, 55–59, 76. See also triggersevents, 55–62On Blur, 77button, 55, 58–59, 76–82On Click, 55, 57–58, 76, 77On Focus, 76On Page Click, 55, 56–57On Page Load, 55–56On Release, 30, 76, 77, 78On Roll Off, 76On Roll Over, 55, 58, 76EXE files, 132exercise files, xExport Selection option, 126exportingcolor conversion and, 191considerations, 72, 138–140document dimensions and, 122–123file size and, 125files from Flash Catalyst, 154–155finished projects to SWF, 218–220to Flash Professional, 135–144Illustrator content, 125from InDesign, 126–129motion presets, 69options, 128–129, 136–137page transitions and, 73–74, 127to PDF, 38Photoshop content, 125slideshows, 16to SWF, 36–38, 40, 126–129video for Flash output, 16FF4V format, 40, 41, 42fade effects, 9, 13, 62, 171–173, 214fade-ins, 9, 13, 171fading transitions, 171–172, 173file formats. See formatsfiles. See also documents; InDesign documentsapplication, 132EXE, 132exercise, xFLA, 2, 138, 140, 142HTML, 17, 74, 127, 130–131Illustrator. See Illustrator artworkmultimedia, 10–14, 127, 130PDF. See PDF filesPhotoshop. See Photoshop filesProjector, 132QuickTime, 40–41SWF. See SWF filesfill attributes, 94filters, 138, 168–169. See also effectsFilters panel, 154, 169FLA files, 2, 138, 140, 142FLA (Flash CS5 Professional) format, 7, 125, 136–140Flash Builder, 146Flash Catalyst, 145–185basic tools, 149–156building on Illustrator files, 174–185building on Photoshop files, 157–173component types, 164creating button art, 152–153creating new projects, 149, 158creating text frames, 151, 169drawing tools, 146, 150, 167–170exporting files from, 154–155formats supported, 146importing Illustrator content into, 147, 174, 175Index224Flash Catalyst (continued)importing Photoshop content into, 147, 150, 157–159interface, 147–149layers in, 157–159, 167, 173limitations, 146, 156navigation buttons in, 163–167overview, 145–147pages/states, 160–163, 178–180planning for, 156scrubbable values in, 154, 165sound in, 180–182transitions in, 170–173, 180–182user guide, 149workspace, 147–149Flash Classic Text, 129, 137Flash CS5 Professional. See FLAFlash Player, 2, 25, 131, 132, 133Flash Player Projector application, 132Flash Professionalediting in, 141–144exporting to, 135–144using Illustrator with, 211–216Flatten Transparency option, 129FLV format, 40, 41, 42fonts, 22, 137, 191formats. See also specific formatsaudio, 48–49images, 12multimedia, 14supported by Flash Catalyst, 146video, 40–42fps ( frames per second), 129, 213frame rates, 129framesas buttons, 87–89graphics, 15, 52, 87, 198–199text. See text framesunlocking, 208frames per second ( fps), 129, 213FutureSplash Animator, 2FXP format, 146GGarbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO), 122Generate HTML File option, 74, 127Glass Buttons styles, 111glow effect, 78–82, 157, 164–165, 169Go To Destination action, 118Go To First Page action, 118Go To Last Page action, 118Go To Next Page action, 30, 84, 88, 118, 208Go To Next State action, 119Go To Next View action, 119Go To Page action, 30, 83, 85, 115, 119Go To Previous Page action, 30, 84, 118, 208Go To Previous Spread action, 8Go To Previous State action, 119, 200Go To Previous View action, 119Go To State action, 119Go To URL action, 83, 86, 91, 118, 154, 180gradients, 106, 108, 109graphic styles, 94–97graphics, 123–126. See also Illustrator artwork; imagescolor space, 124placing, 125resolution, 125, 127shapes. See shapessnippets, 198streamlining, 125–126transparency, 124graphics frames, 15, 52, 87, 198–199grids, 153, 174. See also guidesgroupsanimations, 59–62color, 100layer, 156, 158, 173objects, 16guides. See also gridsHUD, 177ruler, 177, 189Smart Guides, 116–117, 200Hhardware requirements, ixheadlines, animating, 209–210Heads Up Display (HUD), 149, 153, 177hex color system, 165hexidecimal numbers, 165HMTL (Hypertext Markup Language), 17, 165Home button, 25, 115–117, 170, 204hot spots, 76, 92HTML files, 17, 74, 127, 130–131HUD (Heads Up Display), 149, 153, 177hyperlink destinations, 113, 114, 115–116, 195hyperlink trigger, 195hyperlinks. See also linked itemsadding to documents, 193–197appearance options, 196Index 225attaching to text/text frames, 197behavior options, 196color, 194, 195considerations, 218converting URLs to, 36cross-references, 33–36, 194indenting, 196jumpline, 196–197naming, 195page anchor, 194table of contents, 23text, 194text anchor, 195URL, 194–195IIllustratorcreating button art in, 93–102, 204–205round-tripping to, 182–185symbols, 97–102, 174using graphic styles, 94–97using with Flash Catalyst, 174–185using with Flash Professional, 211–216Illustrator artwork. See also graphics; imagesbuttons, 80exporting to FLA, 125exporting to SWF, 125importing into Flash Catalyst, 174, 175importing into Photoshop, 204–205layer visibility and, 80modifying, 212–216placing vs. pasting, 125using in Flash Catalyst, 174–185image handling, 137images. See also graphics; Illustrator artworkadding to slideshows, 198–200aligning, 199button. See buttonsformats, 12importing. See importinglinks, 198–199poster, 10–12, 43–44, 48resolution, 125, 127, 137importingcontent into Flash Catalyst, 147, 150Flash animation into InDesign, 217Illustrator artwork into Photoshop, 204–205Illustrator content into Flash Catalyst, 174, 175layer considerations, 157–159motion presets, 69Photoshop content into Flash Catalyst, 150, 157–159InDesignanimation capabilities, 52–54, 217buttons included with, 83–87exporting to SWF from, 126–129InDesign documents. See also documentsadding hyperlinks to, 193–197adding videos to, 210–211adjusting layout, 123, 188–191dimensions, 122–123, 189–190, 218importing Flash animation into, 217print, 123, 188–193InDesign libraries, 83Interactions panel, 154, 164, 169interactive page curl, 127–128interactivity, 127, 137, 146intranets, deploying to, 130–131JJavaScript, 52JPEG compression, 129, 137JPEG format, 129, 137jumpline hyperlinks, 196–197Llabels, button, 152, 153, 169, 178layer comps, 107–111, 205layersbutton, 101–102in Flash Catalyst, 157–159, 167, 173groups, 156, 158, 173importing and, 157–159multilayer buttons, 103–113in Photoshop, 157–159, 173styles, 103–111visibility of, 80, 89, 113, 157, 161Layers panel, 105Layout Adjustment feature, 123, 188–191Library panelFlash Catalyst, 174, 180Flash Professional, 141Line tool, 64Link Harmony Colors icon, 99linked items. See also hyperlinksimages, 198–199table of contents, 26–28to video, 13web links, 25, 36, 219Index226Links panel, 44, 91, 198Live Corners option, 93Live Preflight feature, 188MMacromedia, 2mailto format, 83, 116, 118masks, vector, 103, 112, 202master objects, 125–126master pages, 29, 113, 205–208media, 127, 137Media panel, 10–14, 210Media Player, 24monitor resolution, 122–123Motion Editor panel, 143–144, 214motion paths, 6, 7, 61–67, 209–210motion presets, 5–6, 64–69, 140, 214Motion Tween controls, 213, 215mouse, two-button, 85, 87, 88mouseovers, 42, 78.mov extension, 40movie clip symbols, 137, 140, 212movies. See videoMP3 format, 48MP4 format, 40MPEG format, 40multimedia, 39–49, 91, 124, 137multimedia files, 10–14, 127, 130multistate objects, 119, 198–200, 220Nnavigationconsiderations, 219options for, 22–23page transitions. See page transitionsnavigation buttons. See also buttonsactions. See button actionsadding to master pages, 113, 205–208creating button art in Illustrator, 93–102, 204–205creating for online documents, 25, 28–31creating in Photoshop, 201–205in Flash Catalyst, 163–167rollover effects, 31–33, 58navigation controls, 117, 219navigation points, 44–46navigational bars, 83navigational controls, 24–38New Hyperlink dialog, 195–196next page buttons, 23, 70–72, 204, 208Normal button state, 80, 81, 85, 88, 90, 92OObject Layer Options command, 80, 81, 110, 112Object States panel, 200Object Styles panel, 14–17objectsadding on top of video content, 47–48adding to all states, 170aligning, 15animated. See animationconverting to buttons, 30, 46, 200graphic styles, 94–97master, 125–126multistate, 119, 198–200, 220naming/renaming, 4, 13repositioning, 47rotating, 47states, 14–17On Blur event, 77On Button event, 55, 58–59On Click event, 55, 57–58, 76, 77On Focus event, 76On Page Click event, 55, 56–57On Page Load event, 55–56On Release event, 30, 76, 77, 78On Roll Off event, 76On Roll Over event, 55, 58, 76opacity, 62, 102Open File action, 119Options setting, 129PPage Anchor option, 193page curl effect, 70–72, 126, 127–128page dimensions, 122–123, 189–190, 218Page hyperlink destination, 115page numbers, 85Page Range option, 126page transitionsconsiderations, 219duration, 172, 173exporting and, 73–74, 127fading, 171–172, 173in Flash Catalyst, 170–173previews, 72, 73smooth, 172–173working with, 70–74, 127pagesalternate content, 160–163automatic numbering, 85Index 227continuing across multiple, 196–197creating pages/states, 160–163, 178–180facing, 205Go To Page option, 30, 83, 85, 115master, 29, 113, 125, 205–208rasterizing, 129spreads, 8, 88, 191–192transitions. See page transitionsvs. states, 160pages/states, creating, 160–163, 178–180paragraph styles, 28Paste dialog, 213pasteboard, 48Path Selection tool, 202pathsBézier, 5, 61, 63clipping, 202motion, 6, 7, 61–67, 63, 209–210selecting, 202patterns, 107–108PDF actions, 119PDF filesbutton events for, 76–77embedding SWF files in, 24interactive, 38, 48layer visibility and, 80placing InDesign pages via, 89–90saving as Photoshop PDF, 112PDF format, 38, 39, 119PDF-Only actions, 119Pen tool, 65Pencil tool, 65Photoshopblending modes, 102–103button creation, 201–205creating button art in, 102–112import options, 158–159importing Illustrator artwork into, 204–205layer considerations, 157–159, 173saving as Photoshop PDF, 112Photoshop filesblending mode attributes, 102in Flash Catalyst, 157–173importing into Flash Catalyst, 150, 157–159layer visibility and, 80, 157, 161placing vs. pasting, 125pixels, 189Place dialog, 89–90, 96Place PDF dialog, 89–90play controls, 7, 8–10Play on Page Load option, 217playing animations, 8, 9, 10PNG format, 137poster images, 10–12, 43–44, 48Poster option, 217preflight errors, 188presentation, 20–22presetsanimation, 74document, 21motion, 5–6, 62–69, 140, 214zoom, 119Preview panel, 7–8, 72, 88, 193previewsanimation, 7–8checking documents with, 88, 193keyboard shortcuts, 88page transitions, 72, 73previous page button, 23, 29–30, 204print documents, 20–22, 123, 188–193print/web projects, 188–193project checklist, 218–220project folders, 130–131Projector files, 132projectsdeployment, 24distribution, 130–132exporting to SWF, 218–220print/web, 188–193Properties panelFlash Catalyst, 150–152, 164–165, 168Flash Professional, 141.psd extension, 80Publish to SWF/AIR command, 154–155, 173, 216Qquality, JPEG, 129QuickTime files, 40–41Rraster effects, 94, 129Rasterize Pages option, 129Recolor Artwork dialog, 98–100Rectangle tool, 103, 150–151, 152resolutionconsiderations, 122export options, 129graphics/images, 125, 127, 137monitor, 122–123Index228Resolution option, 129_Resources folder, 130RGB color, 94, 122, 124, 174, 191RIA (Rich Internet Applications), 146Rich Internet Applications (RIA), 146rollover effects, 31–33, 58Rollover state, 77, 79, 81, 85, 88–90, 208Rounded Rectangle tool, 103ruler guides, 177, 189rulers, 171, 180, 213SSample Buttons library, 83–87Save As command, 16, 69, 123, 212–216Scale option, 74scriptingActionScript, 2, 140, 143, 212AppleScript, 52JavaScript, 52sample scripts, 52–54VBScript, 52scroll panels, 175–178Select tool, 150–153, 169, 176, 180Selection tool, 213servers, deploying to, 131shadow effect, 105, 106, 157, 211Shape layers, 112, 202shapesbuttons, 92–93, 152constraining, 202drawing, 152vector, 201sharpness, 112Shockwave Flash. See SWFShow/Hide controls, 31, 32, 33, 79, 80, 118Shuffle option, 192Size option, 127slideshowsadding images to, 198–200creating, 198–200multistate objects, 14–17Smart Guides, 116–117, 200snippets, 198software requirements, ixsound. See audioSound action, 119spot colors, 124, 191spreads, page, 8, 88, 191–192sRGB color, 191stage, 141states. See also button statesadding objects to, 170creating pages/states, 160–163, 178–180objects, 14–17Rollover, 81, 85, 88–90, 208vs. pages, 160streaming video, 46stroke attributes, 94stylesbuttons, 111fonts, 191graphics, 94–97layers, 103–111paragraphs, 28Styles panel, 105swatches, color, 100, 191Swatches panel, 191SWF actions, 118–119SWF filescompanion HTML files, 38deploying, 130–132emailing, 24embedding in PDF files, 24exporting, 2, 136, 139playing in Media Player, 24viewing in Web browsers, 24, 25, 26SWF formatexporting finished projects to, 218–220exporting Illustrator content to, 125exporting to, 36–38, 40, 126–129SWF-only actions, 119symbol libraries, 98symbols, 97–102, 174Symbols panel, 97–98, 212Ttable of contents, 23, 26–28, 114–115textanimating, 209–210captions, 200on curved path, 65Flash Classic Text, 129, 137Index 229size, 191Text Anchor hyperlink destination, 116Text Anchor option, 193, 195text framesconverting to buttons, 92–93creating in Flash Catalyst, 151, 169Text Layout Framework (TLF), 137Text option, 129text tools, 167, 169, 176Timeline, 141timeline controls, 171, 213–216Timeline tab, 213–215Timelines panel, 148, 170–173, 180–181Timing panel, 8–10, 68TLF (Text Layout Framework), 137Tools panel, 103–104, 167, 168Transform Proxy option, 93transitionsin Flash Catalyst, 170–173, 180–182page. See page transitionstransparency, 102–103, 124, 129transparent backgrounds, 127transparent effects, 191triggersanimation, 55–62button. See button triggersevent, 6–7, 55–62, 76–82hyperlink, 195“Twinkie finger,” 87two-button mouse, 85, 87, 88Type tool, 151UUnderline option, 194Up state, 77URL hyperlink destination, 116URL hyperlinks, 194–195URLsconverting to hyperlinks, 36Go To URL action, 83, 86, 91, 118, 154, 180viewing in web browsers, 24, 25, 86–87, 118VVBScript, 52vector art, 122, 174vector edge, 112vector masks, 103, 112, 202vector shapes, 201video, 40–48adding objects on top of, 47–48adding to InDesign documents, 210–211colorizing, 47considerations, 219embedding, 13exporting for Flash output, 16fade-ins, 13links to, 13navigation points, 44–46placed, 11, 12posters, 43–44QuickTime, 40–41streaming, 46triggering with buttons, 45–46, 59, 210–211working with, 10–14Video action, 119video formats, 40–42View SWF after Exporting option, 74, 127View Zoom action, 119WWebdeploying to, 130–131repurposing print documents for, 188–193viewing SWF files on, 26Web browsersFlash Player plug-in, 131Go To URL action, 86–87, 91, 118, 180viewing SWF files, 24, 25, 26Web hosting server, 131Web intent, 122web links, 25, 36, 219Web styles, 111web/print projects, 188–193workspacesFlash Catalyst, 147–149interactive, 3interactive for PDF, 3listed, 3Zzoom controls, 119zoom options, 115zoom presets, 119WatchreadcreateMeet Creative Edge.a new resource of unlimitedbooks, videos and tutorials forcreatives from the world’sleading experts.creative edge is your onestop for inspiration, answers totechnical questions and ways tostay at the top of your game soyou can focus on what you dobest—being creative.all for only $24.99 per monthfor access—any day any timeyou need it.peachpit.com/creativeedgeThank you for purchasing this digital version of:Fearless FlashThe print version of this title comes with a disc oflesson files. 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چکیده فارسی

. فلش بی باک کلاودیا مک کیو نحوه استفاده از Adobe InDesign CS5 و ابزارهایی که قبلاً برای ایجاد تجربیات وب جذاب می‌دانید استفاده کنید. Peachpit 1249 Eighth Street Berkeley, CA 94710 510/524-2178 510/524-2221 (فکس) Peachpit یک بخش از Pearson Education است. برای اطلاع از جدیدترین کتاب‌های Adobe Press، به www.adobepress.com مراجعه کنید تا خطاها را گزارش کنید، لطفاً یادداشتی را به errata@peachpit.com ارسال کنید. حق چاپ © 2011 توسط کلودیا مک کیو ویراستار پروژه: سوزان ریمرمن ویراستار تولید: لیزا برازیل توسعه/ویرایشگر کپی: Erfert Fenton ویراستار فنی: Jean-Claude Tremblay تصحیح کننده: Scout Festa نمایه ساز: Karin Arrigoni طرح جلد: Aren Howell تصویر جلد: Giovanni Meroni طراحی داخلی: Kathleen Cunningham اطلاعیه حقوق کلیه حقوق محفوظ است. هیچ بخشی از این کتاب بدون اجازه کتبی قبلی ناشر قابل تکثیر یا انتقال به هیچ شکلی، الکترونیکی، مکانیکی، فتوکپی، ضبط یا غیره نیست. برای اطلاعات در مورد دریافت مجوز برای چاپ مجدد و گزیده ها، با: permissions@peachpit.com تماس بگیرید. اطلاعیه مسئولیت اطلاعات این کتاب بر اساس "همانطور که هست" و بدون ضمانت توزیع شده است. در حالی که تمام اقدامات احتیاطی در تهیه کتاب انجام شده است، نه نویسنده و نه Peachpit هیچ مسئولیتی در قبال هیچ شخص یا نهادی در قبال هرگونه ضرر یا خسارتی که مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم توسط دستورالعمل های موجود در این کتاب ایجاد شده یا ادعا می شود ایجاد شده است ندارند. یا توسط نرم افزار و محصولات سخت افزاری کامپیوتری که در آن توضیح داده شده است. علائم تجاری Adobe، Creative Suite، Flash، Flash Catalyst، InDesign، Illustrator، و Photoshop علائم تجاری یا علائم تجاری ثبت شده Adobe Systems Incorporated در ایالات متحده و/یا سایر کشورها هستند. سایر علائم تجاری متعلق به صاحبان مربوطه می باشد. بسیاری از عناوین مورد استفاده توسط تولید کنندگان و فروشندگان برای متمایز کردن محصولات خود به عنوان علائم تجاری ادعا می شوند. در جایی که آن نام‌گذاری‌ها در این کتاب آمده است، و Peachpit از ادعای علامت تجاری آگاه بود، نام‌گذاری‌ها طبق درخواست صاحب علامت تجاری ظاهر می‌شوند. همه نام‌های محصولات و خدمات دیگر که در این کتاب مشخص شده‌اند، فقط به صورت سرمقاله و به نفع چنین شرکت‌هایی بدون قصد نقض علامت تجاری استفاده می‌شوند. هیچ چنین استفاده یا استفاده از هر نام تجاری، به منظور انتقال تأیید یا وابستگی دیگر به این کتاب نیست. ISBN-13: 978-0-321-73482-2 ISBN-10: 0-321-73482-3 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 چاپ و صحافی شده در ایالات متحده آمریکا For my North Star IV فهرست مطالب مقدمه vii چه کسی باید این کتاب را بخواند viii چه چیزی از این کتاب به دست خواهید آورد viii این کتاب چیست ix نرم افزار مورد نیاز ix درباره فایل های تمرین x تقدیرنامه ها x فصل 1 با اسباب بازی های جدید خود آشنا شوید 1 بیایید به کاوش 3 نگاه کردن به آینده 17 فصل 2 تعامل اولیه و پیمایش 19 ارائه 20 ناوبری 22 استقرار 24 افزودن کنترل های ناوبری 24 صادرات به SWF 36 فصل 3 چند رسانه ای 39 ویدیو 40 صوتی 48 فصل 4 انیمیشن 51 چه چیزی را می توان متحرک کرد؟ 52 رویداد 55 حرکت از پیش تنظیم شده 62 انتقال صفحه 70 فصل 5 دکمه به بالا 75 رویداد دکمه 76 ظاهر دکمه 82 ایجاد هنر دکمه در ایلوستریتور 93 ایجاد هنر دکمه در فتوشاپ 102 عملکرد دکمه 113 فهرست مطالب در مقابل Start11 و گسترش به Exporting1 122 گرافیک 123 صادرات به SWF از InDesign 126 استقرار فایل‌های SWF 130 جمع‌بندی 133 فصل 7 صادرات به Flash Professional 135 آماده‌سازی برای Flash Professional 136 در ترجمه گم شده است 139 ویرایش در Flash Chat 14 Beed4p. 145 The Flash Catalyst Workspace 147 Basic Flash Catalyst Tools 149 Planning for Flash Catalyst 156 Building on Photoshop Files 157 Building on Illustrator Files 174 Chapter 9 Team It Together 187 Analysing the InDesign Print Document 188 Adding1 8 فتوشاپ: ساخت دکمه‌ها 201 افزودن دکمه‌های پیمایش 205 اختصاص دادن اقدامات به دکمه‌های پیمایش 208 متحرک سازی یک عنوان 209 افزودن یک ویدیو 210 با استفاده از ایلاستریتور و فلش حرفه‌ای 211 وارد کردن انیمیشن فلش به InDesign 217 در حال صادر کردن Le220 Project Up218 فایل های sson 231 فهرست مطالب این صفحه عمداً خالی گذاشته شده است، بیش از یک بار، سوگند یاد کرده بودم که "می خواهم نحوه استفاده از Adobe Flash را یاد بگیرم." من تصمیم گرفته بودم از منطقه راحتی چاپ محور مادام العمر خود منشعب شوم و باسنم را بگیرم. بنابراین، فلش را روشن می‌کردم، روی رابطی که خیلی شبیه دوستان قدیمی‌ام فتوشاپ و ایلاستریتور بود، مدیتیشن می‌کردم و به خودم می‌گفتم: «فکر می‌کنم می‌روم کمی لباس بشوییم». من مخفیانه به طراحانی که می‌توانستند محتوایشان را تکان دهند و پارس کنند حسادت می‌کردم، و در خواب دیدم که روزی من هم می‌توانم این کار را انجام دهم. اما، صادقانه بگویم، فلش مرا ترساند. سپس Adobe InDesign CS5 همراه شد، با زرادخانه عظیمی از ابزارهای تعاملی جدید، همراه با Adobe Flash Catalyst جدید CS5 – که هر دو به طرز تازه ای بدون کد هستند. ناگهان امیدی به وجود آمد. مقدمه viii مقدمه چه کسی باید این کتاب را بخواند اگر طراح چاپی هستید که بیشتر اعداد رنگ پنتون را به خاطر می‌سپارد اما نمی‌داند کدهای رنگ هگزا دسیمال چیست، استفاده از ابزارهای آشنا برای ایجاد محتوای تعاملی کار جدیدی خواهد بود. زندگی حرفه ای شما اگر وقتی می بینید که کدنویس ها جادوی روی صفحه نمایش می دهند کمی منسوخ شده اید، تسلیم نشوید. لازم نیست مغز خود را به طور کامل بازآموزی کنید. به‌عنوان یک طراح چاپ، شما سال‌ها دانش طراحی را انباشته‌اید، غرایز بصری خود را تقویت کرده‌اید و کارهای تولیدی خود را تمرین کرده‌اید. و با شروع طراحی صفحات برای وب، یک دقیقه از این تجربه هدر نخواهد رفت. لازم نیست از نو شروع کنید؛ شما می توانید به زمین بزنید، زیرا از قبل می دانید که چگونه از ابزارهای پایه در InDesign، Photoshop و Illustrator استفاده کنید. و حتی اگر هرگز از آن استفاده نکرده‌اید، رابط Flash Catalyst را دوستانه و شهودی خواهید یافت. به جای اینکه مجبور باشید دنده ها را به طور کامل تغییر دهید، می توانید بر اساس آنچه قبلاً می دانید، ایجاد کنید و توانایی های خود را در پروژه های تعاملی به کار ببرید. این کتاب می تواند شما را برای شروع خوبی در ماجراجویی جدیدتان آغاز کند. آنچه از این کتاب به دست می آورید در حالی که در این کتاب جایی برای راهنمایی شما در مورد تک تک ویژگی های InDesign، Photoshop، Illustrator، Flash Catalyst و Flash Professional وجود ندارد، شما تکنیک های جدید و ارزشمندی را برای افزودن تعامل انتخاب خواهید کرد. از جمله: ■ Awakening InDesign's Secret Encyclopedia Animation InDesign ■ متحرک سازی محتوای صفحه InDesign با تنظیمات از پیش تعیین شده حرکت ■ کنترل سرعت و ترتیب پخش انیمیشن ها ■ ایجاد و استفاده از پیش تنظیم های حرکتی سفارشی ■ ایجاد آثار هنری دکمه های سفارشی در Photoshop، Illustrator و InDesign ■ واردات محتوای ویدیویی و کنترل گزینه‌های پوستر و پخش‌کننده ■ صادرات به Flash Professional (و یادگیری مواردی که در ترجمه گم می‌شوند) ■ ویرایش انیمیشن‌ها در Flash Professional ■ استفاده از نمایشگر بصری Heads Up در Flash Catalyst برای تبدیل اسناد Illustrator و Photoshop به پروژه‌های تعاملی ■ اصلاح فایل‌های خود برای استقرار آنلاین، داخلی یا دیسک و همه این کارها را بدون نوشتن یک خط کد انجام خواهید داد! ixWhat This Book is Not آنچه که امیدوارم از این کتاب به دست آورید، احساس آرامش است (این کار چندان سخت نیست!) و کمی الهام بخش است (این واقعا سرگرم کننده است!). این کتاب چه نیست این کتاب اصول طراحی را به شما آموزش نمی دهد. من یک مکانیک هستم، نه یک طراح. شما طراح هستید تنها چیزی که می توانم ارائه دهم، بینشی در مورد عملکرد درونی این ابزارها است. من روی شما حساب می کنم تا آن را خوب جلوه دهید! این کتاب برنامه نویسی نیست. به شما کمک می کند از نوشتن کد جلوگیری کنید. اما اجازه ندهید که شما را از احتمالات فنی تر بترساند. فانی های ساده می توانند اکشن اسکریپت را بیاموزند و Flash Professional را بخوانند. من جاوا اسکریپت را برای بهبود فرم های Adobe Acrobat نوشته ام و قطعا برنامه نویس نیستم. ممکن است این کتاب اشتهای شما را برانگیزد و به شما انگیزه دهد تا در آنچه قبلاً فکر می‌کردید سرزمین‌های خارجی هستند، عمیق‌تر کاوش کنید. این باعث افتخار من می شود. نیازهای نرم افزار، مگر اینکه فقط قصد خواندن این کتاب را در ساحل داشته باشید (بعید است)، به همه نرم افزارهای مناسب برای بازی نیاز دارید. از برنامه های Adobe زیر در تمرین ها استفاده می شود: ■ InDesign CS5 ■ Photoshop CS5 ■ Illustrator CS5 ■ Flash Catalyst CS5 ■ Flash Professional CS5 اگر Adobe Creative Suite 5 Design Premium یا Adobe Creative Suite 5 Master Collection دارید، همه مجموعه Master را دارید. نرم افزار لازم در مورد نیازهای سخت افزاری، تا زمانی که اسب بخار کافی برای اجرای نرم افزار مورد نیاز دارید، کاملا مجهز هستید. داشتن رم کافی که بتوانید چندین برنامه را به طور همزمان اجرا کنید ضرری ندارد و چیزی به نام فضای هارد دیسک بیش از حد وجود ندارد. برای اطلاع از الزامات رسمی سیستم به www.adobe.com/ products/creativesuite مراجعه کنید. اگر وب سایت خود را دارید، می توانید فایل های پروژه تمام شده را آپلود کرده و آنها را آزمایش کنید. در غیر این صورت، می توانید آنها را روی رایانه خود آزمایش کنید. x مقدمه ای درباره فایل های تمرین فایل های تمرین استفاده شده در این کتاب بر اساس فصل روی سی دی سازماندهی شده اند. می توانید قبل از شروع کار، همه آنها را روی هارد دیسک خود کپی کنید، یا در صورت نیاز فایل های تمرینی را برای هر فصل کپی کنید. (توجه: هیچ فایل تمرینی برای فصل 6 وجود ندارد.) از آنجایی که شما بر روی اجزای پروژه ها کار می کنید و آنها را ذخیره می کنید، سپس با ترکیب آن اجزا در کار تمام شده، کار کردن با هارد دیسک محلی آسان تر (و منطقی تر) خواهد بود. سعی می کنم روی سی دی کار کنم. اکثر تمرین‌ها شامل نسخه‌های نهایی فایل‌های کاری و فایل‌های SWF صادر شده نهایی هستند تا بتوانید کار خود را بررسی کنید. هیچ تکلیفی وجود ندارد، و هیچ تستی وجود ندارد (مگر اینکه رئیس خود را بشمارید که می‌پرسد: «هی، چون دیروز آن کتاب را به شما دادم، آیا می‌توانید آن نمونه کار تعاملی را صبح آماده کنید؟»). تمام فونت‌های مورد نیاز تمرین‌ها با Creative Suite 5 نصب می‌شوند، بنابراین نباید با پیام‌های «فونت گمشده» مواجه شوید، مگر اینکه به‌طور دستی مخزن فونت‌ها را تغییر داده باشید. در حالی که می‌توانید با هر محتوایی در تمرین‌ها دوباره کار کنید و آزمایش کنید، لطفاً از هیچ یک از تصاویر یا آثار هنری به صورت تجاری استفاده نکنید. قدردانی ها وقتی برای اولین بار ویژگی های تعاملی را در InDesign CS5 دیدم و با بچه جدید در بلوک، Flash Catalyst آشنا شدم، تحت تأثیر قرار گرفتم. فکر کردم، "باید کتاب بنویسم." بنابراین باید از جادوگران نرم‌افزار با استعداد Adobe تشکر کنم که به نحوی موفق می‌شوند ویژگی‌های جدید قانع‌کننده‌ای را با هر انتشار بیاندیشند. من متقاعد شده ام که آنها به فناوری بیگانه دسترسی دارند. (آیا Content Aware Fill in Photoshop CS5 را دیده‌اید؟ من به پرونده‌ام استراحت می‌دهم.) از سوزان ریمرمن برای اینکه فکر می‌کند این کتاب ممکن است ایده خوبی باشد، و برای صبر و حوصله‌ای که در صنعت مقاومت می‌کند، تشکر می‌کنم. کار کردن یک بار دیگر با لیزا برازیل به عنوان سردبیر تولید لذت بخش بود. ژان کلود ترمبلی به عنوان یک ویراستار فنی چشم عقاب بسیار ارزشمند بود و بینش ضروری را نسبت به Flash Professional ارائه داد. من به او چیزی ملموس تر از سپاسگزاری مدیونم. (فقط امیدوارم او نگوید: "اوه، یک لامبورگینی درست می شود.") و اگرچه ویرایش ممکن است راهی غیر متعارف برای به دست آوردن یک دوست جدید باشد، این همان چیزی است که در نتیجه داشتن ارفرت فنتون به عنوان سردبیر اتفاق افتاد. . امیدوارم روزی با همه این افراد آشنا شوم. فصل 1 اگر از Adobe InDesign برای ایجاد صفحات برای چاپ استفاده کرده اید، احتمالاً با رابط کاربری و طرز فکر InDesign راحت هستید. بنابراین در مورد انشعاب به ویژگی های تعاملی جدید InDesign CS5 تردید نکنید. آنها بلافاصله برای شما آشنا هستند حتی اگر هرگز از ابزار دیگری برای ایجاد انیمیشن یا محتوای تعاملی استفاده نکرده باشید. این کل ایده است! با اسباب‌بازی‌های جدید خود آشنا شوید فصل 1 با اسباب‌بازی‌های جدیدتان آشنا شوید2 این فصل را به‌عنوان نوعی دور گرم کردن برای معرفی ابزارهای جدیدی که استفاده می‌کنید، در نظر بگیرید. همانطور که پانل‌ها و ویژگی‌های جدید را بررسی می‌کنید، انیمیشن و عناصر تعاملی را به فایل درس اضافه می‌کنید و متوجه می‌شوید که چقدر می‌تواند بی دردسر (و سرگرم‌کننده) باشد. شما یاد خواهید گرفت که چگونه انیمیشن حرکتی را اعمال و تغییر دهید تا تیتر به خوبی در صفحه قرار گیرد، چگونه ویدیو را وارد و پخش کنید، و چگونه کار خود را قبل از صادرات پیش نمایش کنید. شما حتی یک نمایش اسلاید از فریم های گرافیکی ساده خواهید ساخت. در فصل‌های بعدی، با ابزارهایی که در این فصل با آنها آشنا می‌شوید به عمق بیشتری خواهید رفت و قبل از اینکه متوجه شوید، در زنده کردن صفحات، مهارتی خواهید داشت! قبل از اینکه وارد دنیای جدید و شجاع تعاملی شوید، دانستن معنای چند کلمه اختصاری مهم مفید است. حلقه رمزگشای شما این است: FLA: فرمت اصلی Adobe Flash Professional. فایل های FLA را می توان در Flash Professional ویرایش کرد، اما نمی توان آنها را به صورت آنلاین مشاهده کرد. فایل های FLA را به عنوان فرمت کاری برای فلش در نظر بگیرید. آنها باید به فرمت SWF برای مشاهده صادر شوند. SWF: حروف مخفف ShockWave Flash هستند که منشا آن به محصولی به نام FutureSplash Animator برمی گردد که رقیبی برای Shockwave Macromedia بود. زمانی که FutureSplash توسط Macromedia خریداری شد، نام آن به Flash کوتاه شد. فلش فوروارد (به اصطلاح) تا 2005، و فلش تبدیل به یک محصول Adobe می شود. فرمت SWF را می توان در Adobe Flash Player (که قبلا Adobe Shockwave Player نامیده می شد) مشاهده کرد، اما نمی توان آن را در Flash ویرایش کرد. فایل های SWF می تواند شامل لینک ها، انیمیشن ها، فیلم ها، صداها، انتقال صفحه و دکمه ها باشد. InDesign CS5 می‌تواند فایل‌های FLA (فلش قابل ویرایش) را صادر کند، که سپس می‌توان آن‌ها را در Adobe Flash Professional ویرایش کرد. با این حال، متوجه خواهید شد که برخی از رفتارهای ایجاد شده در InDesign فقط با استفاده از یک زبان برنامه نویسی خاص فلش به نام ActionScript در Flash Professional قابل تکرار یا اصلاح هستند. ActionScript به شما اجازه می دهد تا اشیاء و جدول زمانی Flash را برای کنترل رفتار و تعامل با اشیا دستکاری کنید. اگر می خواهید فراتر از قابلیت های Flash InDesign CS5 بروید، باید زمانی را به یادگیری Flash و ActionScript اختصاص دهید. در حالی که اکشن اسکریپت فراتر از محدوده این کتاب است، من بعداً برخی از منابع را برای کسانی که می‌خواهند عمیق‌تر کاوش کنند، توصیه می‌کنم. InDesign CS5 همچنین می‌تواند فایل‌های SWF را صادر کند، این فایل‌ها را می‌توان به صورت آنلاین مشاهده کرد و در سایر فایل‌های InDesign یا Adobe PDF قرار داد، اما نمی‌توان آن‌ها را در Flash تغییر داد. با این حال، فایل های SWF را می توان به عنوان کامپوننت به یک پروژه Flash وارد کرد. Let’s Go Exploring 3 از آنجایی که این کتاب تا حد زیادی بر ویژگی های ایجاد Flash در InDesign CS5 متمرکز است، ما عمدتاً بر روی ابزارهای محتوای فلش تمرکز خواهیم کرد. اما ما افزودنی‌های گزینه‌های ایجاد PDF را نیز بررسی می‌کنیم تا بدون توجه به فرمت صادراتی که انتخاب می‌کنید، راحت باشید. همانطور که متوجه خواهید شد، در حالی که بین قابلیت‌های فرمت SWF و فایل‌های PDF متقابل Adobe Acrobat همپوشانی وجود دارد، ویژگی‌های Flash/SWF غنی‌تر و انعطاف‌پذیرتر از آنهایی هستند که به تنهایی توسط PDFهای تعاملی پشتیبانی می‌شوند. در ادامه این کتاب درباره تفاوت‌های بین SWF و قابلیت‌های PDF تعاملی بحث خواهم کرد. بیایید به کاوش برویم وقت آن است که پانل های تعاملی جدید InDesign را بررسی کنیم. آنها به راحتی قابل تشخیص هستند. یکی از فضاهای کاری جدید - Interactive یا Interactive for PDF - را انتخاب کنید (شکل های 1.1 و 1.2). شکل 1.1 (سمت چپ) برای مشاهده پانل های مناسب برای ایجاد محتوای Flash، فضای کاری تعاملی جدید را انتخاب کنید. شکل 1.2 (راست) فضای کاری جدید Interactive for PDF را برای فعال کردن پانل های مناسب برای ایجاد PDF های تعاملی انتخاب کنید. افزوده های جدید انیمیشن، رسانه، وضعیت اشیاء، پیش نمایش و زمان بندی هستند. (نشانک‌ها، دکمه‌ها، هایپرلینک‌ها و انتقال صفحه برای InDesign CS5 جدید نیستند.) برای دسترسی به پانل‌هایی که عملکردهای تعاملی را کنترل می‌کنند، Window > Interactive را انتخاب کنید. تمام پنل های لازم از طریق یک زیر منو در دسترس هستند. اکنون نگاهی به پنل‌های جدیدی خواهیم داشت که ویژگی‌های تعاملی را ایجاد و کنترل می‌کنند. ما تمام پانل های تعاملی (قدیمی و جدید) را در فصل های بعدی بررسی خواهیم کرد. فصل 1 با پانل انیمیشن Toys4 جدید خود آشنا شوید با استفاده از کنترل‌های موجود در پانل انیمیشن، می‌توانید یک شی هدف را چیزی معنی‌دار نامگذاری کنید (به جای صرفاً "مستطیل" یا نام فایل یک تصویر)، یکی از چندین ایستگاه از پیش تنظیم حرکت را اعمال کنید، مشخص کنید چه زمانی انیمیشن راه‌اندازی می‌شود و نحوه پخش آن، مقیاس‌بندی شی در طول انیمیشن و حتی کنترل شفافیت آن. هر شیء در سند InDesign را می توان متحرک کرد. شما می توانید قاب های متنی پرنده، گرافیک هایی که به آرامی کاملاً مات می شوند، حتی اشیایی که به اطراف می چرخند ایجاد کنید. نام شیء اگر یک شی یک فریم حاوی یک گرافیک قرار داده شده باشد، در ابتدا در پانل لایه های بازسازی شده با نام فایل گرافیک شناسایی می شود. اما می‌توانید با تغییر نام شی در پانل لایه‌ها یا پانل انیمیشن، این را به چیزی معنادارتر تغییر دهید. از آنجایی که ممکن است از یک دکمه یا سایر ماشه‌ها برای فعال کردن انیمیشن این شیء استفاده کنید، باید نامی به آن بدهید که بعداً به خاطر بسپارید. و اگر قصد دارید یک گرافیک را چندین بار در یک گسترش قرار دهید، اما می خواهید هر نمونه کاری متفاوت انجام دهد، هر فریم به نام منحصر به فرد خود نیاز دارد. اکنون بخش های مهم پانل انیمیشن را با افزودن مقداری انیمیشن به یک شی در پروژه بررسی خواهید کرد. برای شروع، پوشه Ch_1_Exercise را در هارد دیسک خود کپی کنید. توجه: در ابتدا، پانل انیمیشن، کنترل‌های Properties را نمایش نمی‌دهد. روی مثلث کوچک سمت چپ برچسب Properties کلیک کنید تا نیمه پایینی پانل انیمیشن ظاهر شود. می‌خواهید مرتباً به کنترل‌های Properties دسترسی داشته باشید، بنابراین ممکن است این حالت ترجیحی شما برای پانل انیمیشن باشد. نام شیء از پیش تنظیم‌های حرکت راه‌انداز رویداد پیش‌نمایش حذف انیمیشن کنترل‌های پخش ویژگی‌ها نمایش پراکسی انیمیشن نمایش پانل زمان‌بندی تبدیل به مسیر حرکت Let's Go Exploring 5 پیش‌تنظیم حرکت در این تمرین، از پانل انیمیشن برای ایجاد یک عنوان از بالای صفحه استفاده می‌کنید. صفحه نمایش سرفصل زندگی را به عنوان یک اثر هنری ساده از Adobe Illustrator شروع می کند، اما شما آن را به پرواز در می آورید! 1. InDesign CS5 را راه اندازی کنید و فایل VintageAd_start.indd را باز کنید. اگر هیچ یک از مقواهای بالای صفحه را نمی بینید، کمی بزرگنمایی کنید. 2. File > Save As را انتخاب کنید و فایل را به عنوان VintageAd_working.indd ذخیره کنید. 3. فضای کاری تعاملی را انتخاب کنید. می توانید Window > Workspace > Interactive را انتخاب کنید یا از منوی کشویی Workspace در نزدیکی سمت راست پانل کنترل انتخاب کنید. 4. روی دکمه Animation panel کلیک کنید تا پانل بزرگ شود. روی مثلث کنار کنترل Properties در پایین پنل کلیک کنید تا همه گزینه ها نمایان شوند. 5. ابزار Selection را انتخاب کنید (از این پس با نام رایج آن، "فلش سیاه" نامیده می شود) و عنوان Vintage Motocross را انتخاب کنید. توجه داشته باشید که در پانل انیمیشن با نام فایل اثر هنری VintageHeader.ai مشخص می شود. 6. در پانل Animation، نام شی را به Headline تغییر دهید و سپس Fly in را از پیش تعیین شده حرکت بالا انتخاب کنید. پانل انیمیشن یک پیش‌نمایش سریع را در بالا نشان می‌دهد و به شما ایده می‌دهد که پیش‌تنظیم حرکت چه می‌کند. یک پروانه بنفش (نقشه ای به نماد/مسکوت اصلی InDesign) به زیبایی از بالای پانل به پایین می رود. به خط سبز متحرکی که در بالای عنوان اثر هنری در صفحه سند ظاهر می شود توجه کنید. این نشان دهنده نقطه شروع و پایان حرکت fly-in است. 7. می‌توانید با کلیک کردن روی نماد کوچک پیش‌نمایش ( ) در گوشه سمت چپ پایین پانل انیمیشن، نتایج تنظیمات انیمیشن را پیش‌نمایش کنید. شما باید تیتر را از بالا ببینید (شکل 1.3). می‌توانید گوشه‌های پنجره پیش‌نمایش را بکشید تا بزرگ‌تر شود. شکل 1.3 انیمیشن خود را در پنل پیش نمایش تست کنید. همچنین می‌توانید پیش‌نمایش را از پانل‌های انیمیشن، زمان‌بندی و دکمه‌ها اجرا کنید. نکته: خط انیمیشن یک مسیر Bézier است، به این معنی که می توانید شکل آن را با ابزار Pen ویرایش کنید. اگر می خواهید آزمایش کنید، فقط خط انیمیشن را با ابزار Direct Selection (فلش سفید) انتخاب کنید، سپس برای افزودن انحنا به ابزار Pen بروید. وای! فصل 1 با اسباب‌بازی‌های جدید خود آشنا شوید 8. اگر می‌خواهید سرعت پخش سرفصل را تغییر دهید، تنظیمات مدت زمان را در بخش کنترل‌های پخش در پانل انیمیشن آزمایش کنید. حتی می‌توانید fly-in را لوپ کنید (اما این کار بی‌رحمانه‌ای برای کاربر نهایی است). راه‌انداز رویداد به‌طور پیش‌فرض، وقتی صفحه نمایش داده می‌شود، انیمیشن‌ها به‌طور خودکار پخش می‌شوند، اما انیمیشن‌ها می‌توانند با رویدادهای دیگر، مانند کلیک یک دکمه، فعال شوند. در فایل Vintage Motocross، یک انیمیشن سفارشی از قبل وجود دارد، اما هنوز هیچ محرکی برای به حرکت درآوردن آن وجود ندارد. شما انیمیشن را اصلاح خواهید کرد تا زمانی که صفحه نمایش داده می شود فعال شود. 1. در پانل لایه ها، روی کنترل دید کره چشم کلیک کنید تا لایه چرخ نشان داده شود، و سپس روی مثلث سمت چپ نام لایه کلیک کنید تا نمایش محتویات لایه باز شود. تنها یک شی در لایه وجود دارد، یک فایل Illustrator به نام BikeWheel.ai. روی مربع کوچک سمت راست ورودی BikeWheel.ai در لایه کلیک کنید تا اثر هنری چرخ دوچرخه را هدف قرار دهید. در صورت لزوم، برای دیدن آثار هنری چرخ در مقوای سمت راست صفحه، بزرگنمایی کنید. 2. چرخ را با فلش سیاه انتخاب کنید، و خط سبز منحنی را می بینید که نشان دهنده یک پیش تنظیم حرکت سفارشی است (شکل 1.4). در تمرین بعدی، از پیش تنظیم حرکت سفارشی خود را ایجاد خواهید کرد. هر مسیری می تواند به راهنمای حرکتی برای یک انیمیشن تبدیل شود. 3. در پانل انیمیشن، توجه داشته باشید که از پیش تعیین شده به عنوان سفارشی برچسب گذاری شده است، اما هیچ رویدادی به عنوان محرک برای شروع انیمیشن فهرست نشده است. روی مثلث کوچک رو به پایین در کنار کلمه Choose کلیک کنید تا On Page Load را از منوی کشویی که ظاهر می‌شود انتخاب کنید (شکل 1.5). مدت زمان را روی 3.5 ثانیه تنظیم کنید. شکل 1.4 هنر چرخ را برای مشاهده مسیر حرکت سفارشی انتخاب کنید. Let’s Go Exploring 7 شکل 1.5 On Page Load را برای فعال کردن انیمیشن چرخ انتخاب کنید. به سایر گزینه های موجود توجه کنید. 4. روی نماد Preview در پایین سمت چپ پانل Animation کلیک کنید تا پنل Preview باز شود و نتایج را ببینید. توجه داشته باشید که چگونه چرخ مسیر حرکت منحنی را دنبال می کند. 5. فایل را ذخیره کنید و آن را برای بخش بعدی باز نگه دارید. کنترل‌های پخش در حالی که تنظیمات پیش‌تنظیم شده حرکت شروعی عالی هستند، اغلب می‌خواهید رفتار یک انیمیشن را تغییر دهید. می توانید مدت زمان، تکرار و سرعت انیمیشن را با کنترل های پخش در پانل انیمیشن کنترل کنید. 1. در صورت لزوم، چرخ را دوباره انتخاب کنید و پانل انیمیشن را باز کنید. اگر قسمت Properties پنل مخفی است، روی مثلث سمت چپ کنترل Properties کلیک کنید تا کنترل های اضافی نمایش داده شوند. 2. تنظیمات Speed ​​را به Ease Out تغییر دهید و پیش نمایش نتیجه را مشاهده کنید. توجه کنید که چگونه چرخ قبل از توقف، به جای حرکت با سرعت یکنواخت، کند می شود. 3. ویژگی Rotate را به -180 درجه تغییر دهید—حالا چرخ در طول انیمیشن خود به آرامی می چرخد. مدت زمان را به 5 ثانیه تغییر دهید و نتیجه را پیش نمایش کنید. 4. Opacity را روی Fade In قرار دهید و پیش نمایش تغییرات را مشاهده کنید. 5. Opacity را به None برگردانید (به این معنی که هیچ اثر opacity وجود نخواهد داشت) و سپس تنظیمات Scale را به 50% تغییر دهید و نتایج را پیش نمایش کنید. به نظر می رسد چرخ هنگام حرکت از راست به چپ از شما دور می شود. 6. فایل را ذخیره کنید و آن را برای بخش بعدی باز بگذارید. پنل پیش‌نمایش همانطور که پیچیدگی بیشتری به اسناد تعاملی اضافه می‌کنید، ممکن است بخواهید روی رفتار یک شیء واحد تمرکز کنید، یا پیوندهایی را که به سایر گسترش‌های فایل می‌پیوندند، یا لینک‌هایی که به وب‌سایت‌ها منتهی می‌شوند را آزمایش کنید. به طور پیش‌فرض، نکته پیش‌نمایش: پانل پیش‌نمایش را از داک پانل جدا کنید تا یک پانل شناور باشد و گوشه‌های آن را بکشید تا اندازه آن افزایش یابد. به این ترتیب، هر بار که با کلیک کردن روی نماد پیش‌نمایش در پانل انیمیشن، زمان‌بندی یا دکمه‌ها، پیش‌نمایش را انتخاب می‌کنید، می‌توانید پانل اصلی را هنگام پیش‌نمایش باز نگه دارید. پانل فصل 1 Meet Your New Toys8 گسترش فعلی را نشان می دهد، اما شما می توانید آن را تغییر دهید. همچنین کنترل‌های ناوبری را ارائه می‌کند که به شما امکان می‌دهد از طریق یک سند چند صفحه‌ای برای آزمایش لینک‌های داخلی صفحه‌گذاری کنید. علاوه بر این، پانل پیش نمایش در صورت گم شدن لینک ها یا ناسازگاری محتوایی با Flash Player به شما هشدار می دهد (شکل 1.6). 1. چرخ را انتخاب کنید و گزینه Preview Selection ( ) را انتخاب کنید و روی دکمه Play ( ) در پانل Preview کلیک کنید. فقط انیمیشن چرخ در پانل پیش نمایش ظاهر می شود. 2. در حالی که چرخ هنوز انتخاب شده است، گزینه Preview Spread ( ) را انتخاب کنید و دوباره روی دکمه Play کلیک کنید تا کل صفحه را در عمل ببینید. از آنجایی که این سند فقط یک صفحه تک صفحه دارد، دکمه پیش نمایش سند ( ) مفید نخواهد بود. (اگرچه ممکن است عجیب به نظر برسد که به یک صفحه به عنوان اسپرد اشاره کنیم، اما ایندیزاین در مورد یک صفحه منفرد و بدون روبه رو فکر می کند. شما می توانید از یک تا ده صفحه در یک گسترش داشته باشید. اگر می خواهید رفتار صفحه را مشاهده کنید. کل سند - به عنوان مثال، برای آزمایش ارجاعات متقابل - گزینه Preview Document بسیار مفید است.) 3. سند را برای بخش بعدی باز نگه دارید. انیمیشن‌های پانل زمان‌بندی به ترتیبی که ایجاد شده‌اند بازی می‌کنند، که همیشه آن چیزی نیست که شما می‌خواهید. ممکن است بخواهید ترتیب انیمیشن ها را تغییر دهید یا چندین انیمیشن را به طور همزمان پخش کنید. پانل زمان‌بندی (شکل 1.7) به شما کمک می‌کند ترتیب پخش انیمیشن‌ها را کنترل کنید و به شما این امکان را می‌دهد که یک تاخیر بین یک رویداد آغازگر و شروع یک انیمیشن تنظیم کنید. شکل 1.6 کنترل‌ها و گزینه‌های پانل پیش‌نمایش پخش پیش‌نمایش پاک کردن پیش‌نمایش رفتن به پخش قبلی رفتن به گسترش بعدی پیش‌نمایش سند پیش‌نمایش گسترش پیش‌نمایش انتخاب پیوند از دست رفته یا ناسازگاری با Flash Player Let's Go Exploring 9 1. در پانل لایه‌ها، روی کنترل دید برای ویدیو کلیک کنید. لایه، و سپس روی مثلث سمت چپ نام لایه کلیک کنید تا اشیا در لایه نمایش داده شوند. تنها شیء اثر هنری فیلم استریپ، Filmstrip.ai است. روی مربع کوچک سمت راست نام Filmstrip.ai کلیک کنید تا آن را هدف قرار دهید. از آنجایی که فیلم استریپ تنها شیء موجود در لایه ویدیو است، می‌توانید روی نام لایه Option-click یا Alt-کلیک کنید. این همه اشیاء در یک لایه را انتخاب می کند. هنر نوار فیلم سیاه ثابت به نظر می رسد، اما قرار است به آرامی محو شود. 2. با کلیک بر روی دکمه Play در پنل Preview یا با کلیک کردن بر روی نماد Preview در پانل زمان‌بندی، انیمیشن را پیش‌نمایش کنید. توجه داشته باشید که نوار فیلم قبل از اینکه انیمیشن‌های تیتر و چرخ رخ دهد، محو می‌شود. در مراحل زیر آن را تغییر خواهید داد. 3. هنر فیلم استریپ را انتخاب کنید و به رفتار آن در پانل انیمیشن نگاه کنید. تنظیم شده است که از پیش تنظیم Fade-in با مدت زمان سفارشی 1 ثانیه استفاده کند. 4. پانل زمانبندی (Window > Interactive > Timing) را باز کنید. هنر Filmstrip.ai اولین بار در لیست است، بنابراین قبل از شروع انیمیشن‌های تیتر و چرخ پخش می‌شود. ترتیب انیمیشن ها را با کشیدن شی Filmstrip.ai به انتهای لیست تغییر دهید (شکل 1.8). اکنون پس از افت تیتر و چرخش چرخ به پایان رسید، پخش خواهد شد. نتایج را با کلیک کردن روی نماد پیش‌نمایش در پانل زمان‌بندی آزمایش کنید. 5. ترتیب پخش انیمیشن ها را تصحیح کرده اید، اما اکنون یک تاخیر ناخوشایند قبل از ظاهر شدن فیلم استریپ وجود دارد. در پانل Timing، شی BikeWheel.ai را انتخاب کنید و سپس روی شی Filmstrip.ai Shift کلیک کنید. روی نماد Play Together ( ) در پایین پانل زمان‌بندی کلیک کنید. پیش نمایش زمان بندی جدید؛ اکنون با چرخش چرخ، نوار فیلم محو می‌شود، اما ظاهر آن آخرین بیت چرخ را در سراسر صفحه می‌پوشاند. شکل 1.7 پانل زمان‌بندی به شما امکان می‌دهد ترتیب انیمیشن‌ها و همچنین تأخیر اضافه کنید. می توانید چندین انیمیشن را برای پخش همزمان تنظیم کنید. پیش نمایش پخش جداگانه پخش با هم شکل 1.8 ترتیب انیمیشن ها را با کشیدن شی Filmstrip.ai به پایین لیست در پانل زمان بندی تغییر دهید. فصل 1 با اسباب‌بازی‌های جدیدتان آشنا شوید10 6. اگر نوار فیلم را بعد از چرخ پخش کنید، دیگر دیر شده است. اگر نوار فیلم را همزمان با چرخ پخش کنید، خیلی زود است. راه حل "درست" چیست؟ کمی تاخیر به ظاهر نوار فیلم اضافه کنید. شی Filmstrip.ai را در پانل زمان‌بندی انتخاب کنید و Delay را روی 1.75 ثانیه تنظیم کنید (می‌توانید از کنترل‌های بالا/پایین در سمت چپ فیلد Delay به جای زحمت تایپ کردن استفاده کنید). 7. تنظیمات جدید را پیش‌نمایش کنید و نظر خود را ببینید. نوار فیلم درست زمانی که چرخ پشت آن ناپدید می شود، محو می شود. اگرچه ممکن است پخش همزمان دو انیمیشن در حالی که تاخیری به یکی از آن‌ها اضافه می‌شود، غیرمعمول به نظر برسد، گاهی اوقات ساده‌ترین راه برای اعمال کنترل دقیق بر روی زمان پخش آن است. فایل را ذخیره کرده و برای قسمت بعدی باز بگذارید. Media Panel InDesign CS5 به شما امکان می دهد ویدیو و صدای با کیفیت بالا را وارد کنید و اضافه کردن کنترل های پخش حرفه ای را آسان می کند. پانل رسانه (شکل 1.9) به شما امکان کنترل ظاهر و رفتار فایل های چند رسانه ای را می دهد. همانند انیمیشن‌ها، می‌توانید کنترل کنید چه چیزی باعث پخش محتوای چندرسانه‌ای می‌شود. همچنین اگر می‌خواهید ظاهر آن را کنترل کنید، می‌توانید یک پوستر برای نمایش چندرسانه‌ای در صفحه اضافه کنید. یک پوستر می تواند فریمی از ویدئو باشد، شکل 1.9 از پنل رسانه برای کنترل رفتار فایل های صوتی و تصویری قرار داده شده استفاده کنید. حتی می توانید نقاط ناوبری را به یک ویدیو اضافه کنید که می تواند توسط دکمه ها یا رویدادها فعال شود. قرار دادن ویدیو از url گزینه‌هایی برای صادرات PDF قرار دادن فایل ویدیویی یا صوتی پیش‌نمایش پخش پیش‌نمایش فیلم پخش در بارگذاری صفحه انتخاب کنترل‌کننده پوستر افزودن/حذف نقاط ناوبری نقاط ناوبری Let's Go Exploring 11 تصویر با وضوح بالا برای نمایش یک فایل صوتی یا تصویری یا InDesign متغیرهای پیش فرض گرافیکی 1. در فایل VintageAd_working.indd، لایه ویدیو را هدف قرار دهید. شما یک ویدیو را در بالای فیلم استریپ هنری قرار می دهید. File > Place را انتخاب کنید، به پوشه Ch_1_Exercise بروید و moto1.f4v را انتخاب کنید. برای قرار دادن فایل در فیلم استریپ آرت روی صفحه کلیک کنید. ویدیو را با فلش سیاه انتخاب کنید و با استفاده از فلش های ماوس یا صفحه کلید، طرح کلی فیلم را طوری قرار دهید که مانند یک قاب در نوار فیلم به نظر برسد (شکل 1.10). 2. اکنون چهار گزینه پیشنهادی InDesign را برای نمایش ویدیو در سند آزمایش خواهید کرد. در صورت لزوم، ویدیوی قرار داده شده را با فلش سیاه انتخاب کنید و در منوی کشویی Poster در پنل رسانه، گزینه None را انتخاب کنید. برای مشاهده نحوه نمایش ویدیو در صادرات نهایی، Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) یا Ctrl- Shift-Enter (ویندوز) را فشار دهید تا پانل Preview باز شود و انیمیشن اجرا شود. از آنجایی که (به طرز عجیبی) هیچ گزینه ای در پانل رسانه برای راه اندازی خودکار پیش نمایش وجود ندارد، روش کلید ترکیبی ساده تر از دسترسی دستی به پانل پیش نمایش است. طرح کلی سبز و خطوط مورب ناپدید می شوند، و هیچ نشانه ای از وجود ویدیو در آن مکان وجود ندارد. برای پخش ویدیو، کاربر نهایی باید به طور تصادفی روی مکان ویدیو کلیک کند، یا باید راهنمایی دیگری ارائه دهید (مانند یک عنوان یا یک دکمه قابل کلیک که ویدیو را پخش می کند). چیزی به نام خیلی ظریف بودن وجود دارد. شما باید به کاربر نهایی کمک کنید تا محتوا و ویژگی های تعاملی را در صورتی که واضح نیستند پیدا کند. 3. InDesign آثار هنری نوار فیلم عمومی داخلی را برای نمایش یک ویدیو ارائه می دهد. در صورت لزوم، ویدیو را دوباره انتخاب کنید و سپس از منوی کشویی Poster در پانل رسانه، گزینه استاندارد را انتخاب کنید. Command-Shift- Return (Macintosh) یا Ctrl-Shift-Enter (ویندوز) را فشار دهید تا پنل Preview باز شود و انیمیشن اجرا شود. مانند قبل، قاب سبز و خطوط مورب ناپدید می شوند زیرا آنها فقط نشانگر مساحت ویدیو هستند (شکل 1.11). If you didn’t have the cute Illustrator filmstrip artwork, the Standard option might be OK, but there are more attractive options. 4. If necessary, select the placed video with the black arrow, and then choose the From Current Frame option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. By default, InDesign displays the first frame of the video, but you can select any frame. You can drag the little slider underneath the preview pane in the Media panel to find a frame you like, or you can step back and forth through the frames one by one by using the left and right arrow keys on your keyboard. There’s a nice frame at the 00:06.63 mark Figure 1.10 A placed video initially just indicates the area occupied by the file. The green frame and stripes do not print or appear in exported files. Figure 1.11 The Standard poster displays a white rectangle containing a filmstrip icon. Figure 1.12 The Current Frame represents the video with a frame you choose from the video. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys12 (Figure 1.12). To designate the chosen frame as the poster, click the pair of curly arrows to the right of the From Current Frame pull-down menu. To see how the video will appear in the final export, press Command-Shift- Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. 5. If you want a different image to represent the video in the document, you can choose any PSD, TIFF, PNG, JPEG, or GIF image for placement (you can’t use Illustrator AI or EPS files, though). When you place the image, you can then reposition and scale it as you would any image. It will seem as though you actually have two items occupying the same frame in the document: the video, and the image representing it. If necessary, reselect the placed video with the black arrow, and select the Choose Image option in the Poster pull-down menu in the Media panel. Navigate to the Ch_1_Exercise folder and select MoviePoster.psd. If nec- essary, choose Object > Fitting > Fill Frame Proportionally (Figure 1.13). Play the preview to check the results. The new poster lets the viewer know they should click to play the video; however, if they click immediately they might miss the descending headline and bouncing wheel. Instead, it would be nice if the image faded in after the headline, wheel, and filmstrip art. 6. Look in the Animation, Media, and Timing panels; there’s no way to address the speed or timing of the appearance of the poster image, since it’s more or less considered a decoration for the video. So you’ll have to cheat. Since a poster can’t be animated, you’ll remove it from the video. Select the frame containing the video and poster and choose the None poster option in the Media panel. 7. Choose File > Place, and then choose MoviePoster.psd. Now you’re placing it as a graphic, not as a poster attribute for the video, so you can handle it a bit differently. Position it appropriately on top of the filmstrip art. It should fit nicely, since its size was set to match the pixel dimensions of the video, but of course that’s not necessary. In the Layers panel, drag the MoviePoster.psd object below the moto1.f4v video object (Figure 1.14); otherwise, the video won’t be clickable. Keep the poster frame selected for the next step. Figure 1.14 Make sure the video is above the poster in stacking order, or it won’t be selectable or clickable. Figure 1.13 You can represent the video with any image. Here, the image also acts as a hint that there’s a video in the document. Let’s Go Exploring 13 8. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade-In preset, and leave the other settings at their defaults. Look in the Timing panel: The poster image fades in last because it’s last in the list of animations. The default timing works nicely, but you can modify it if you like. Press Command-Shift-Return (Macintosh) or Ctrl-Shift-Enter (Windows) to open the Preview panel and run the animation. 9. It would be nice to add a play controller to the video so the end user can play, pause, and stop the video. InDesign provides a number of prebuilt controller skins for you to use. In the Layers panel, click the small triangle to the left of the name of the video layer to display all the objects in the layer. Target the video by clicking the small green square to the right of the video’s name, (or just select the video in the document with the black arrow). In the Media panel, choose SkinOverAllNoCaption from the Controller pull-down menu, and select the Show Controller on Rollover option (Figure 1.15). (The rollover option causes the controller to appear when the user mouses over a running video; it does not cause the controller to appear if the user mouses over the area of the video be- fore the video has been triggered to run.) Figure 1.15 InDesign offers an extensive selection of controller skins that allow the end user to play, pause, and stop the video. You can embed video for viewing in a SWF or interactive PDF, or you can in- clude external links that refer to the video file. While external links mean that you don’t have to host (or include) the video file, this method can complicate deployment if the target video is moved or deleted. While InDesign allows you to place a number of multimedia formats, the ap- propriate format for your project depends on how you plan to export it, and the capabilities of your proposed audience. TIP: You can name any object in the Layers panel. By default, geometric shapes are named by their species (rectangle, ellipse, etc.), and placed graph- ics are named by their filename, but you can modify the name of any object. Just select the object in the Layers panel, wait a second, and the name will highlight for retyping. This can help you retain your sanity in a very complex document. Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys14 While you can place multimedia files in Flash Video (FLV, F4V), H.264- encoded files (for example, MP4), QuickTime (MOV), AVI or SWF format, only certain types (FLV, F4V, SWF, MP3, MP4) are supported by Adobe Flash Player version 10 or later. QuickTime (MOV), AVI, and MPEG are supported in exported interactive PDFs, but not in exported Flash (SWF or FLA) files. For maximum flexibility, stick with the FLV and F4V formats for video, and the MP3 format for audio, and educate your potential audience so they can take advantage of rich media. Gently suggest (or insist) that they adopt the most recent version of Adobe Flash Player. Provide links for the current download for the free Flash Player. Object States Multistate objects consist of groups of multiple frames linked together by a common behavior; their appearance can be triggered by external sources, such as buttons. One of the most common uses for multistate objects is to create slideshows. The Object States panel (Figure 1.16) allows you to add or delete states, and to control the visibility of the multistate object until it is triggered. Figure 1.16 Multistate objects consist of multiple frames that are all governed by an external trigger, such as a button. Delete state New state Paste copied objects into current state Let’s Go Exploring 15 1. You’ll convert several graphic frames into a single multistate object, which will be controlled by two clickable buttons. In the Layers panel, select the slideshow layer and click the small triangle to the left of the layer name to reveal all the objects in the layer. Click the small square to the right of the object named . Holding down the Shift key, click , , and . Alternatively, since the moto images are the only objects in the slideshow layer, you can Option/Alt-click the small square to the right of the slideshow layer name in the Layers panel. 2. Using either the Align controls in the Control panel or the Align panel (Window > Object & Layout > Align), align the top and left edges of the four selected frames (Figure 1.17). You don’t need to group the objects; just keep them selected for the next step. 3. In the Object States panel (Window > Interactive > Object States), click the Convert Selection to Multistate Object button ( ) at the bottom of the panel. Name the new multistate object motoslides. 4. Now you’ll set up the yellow triangle buttons to page through the slide- show created by the multistate object. (Later in the book, you’ll learn how to create and control buttons. In this document, you’ve been given a head start; the buttons are already in place, and you’ll just have to add the appropriate actions.) Select the left triangle, and then open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Name the button prev, and then click the small plus sign to the right of the word Actions. Choose Go to Previous State from the pull-down menu. The Object pull-down should automatically read motoslides, since it’s the only multistate object in the document. Figure 1.17 Shift-click to target and select the four moto images in the Layers panel (left), and then align their top and left edges (below). Chapter 1 Meet Your New Toys16 5. Select the right yellow triangle and then follow the steps above, but assign the Go to Next State action. By default, the slideshow will cycle when the end user clicks the buttons; you can restrict this by checking the Stop at First State option. For this document, leave that option unchecked. See Figure 1.18 for the correct settings. 6. Reselect the motoslides multistate object if necessary, and then Shift- click to select the two triangular buttons on either side of the slides. Group all three objects together, and then preview the results; you can test the buttons in the Preview panel. (It’s not necessary to group the objects for functionality; the buttons will recognize their target by object name whether they’re grouped or not. But grouping ensures that the arrange- ment of objects will be maintained if you click accidentally. Additionally, if the entire slideshow-and-button assembly is grouped, you could add animation to the whole shebang at a later time.) 7. Now—finally!—you’ll export your project and view it in a browser. Save your working file, and then choose File > Save As and name the file VintageAd_final.indd. Create a folder (say, on your desktop), then return to InDesign and choose File > Export, choosing Flash Player (SWF) for the export format. Make sure the default View SWF After Exporting option is checked, leave everything at the defaults, and click OK. Your default browser should launch, and you can test all the features you’ve created. You’ll see the headline descend, and the wheel bounce in from the right. Play the video, experimenting with the controller. Cycle through the slide- show, making sure the buttons work as you expect. Isn’t that cool? And you didn’t have to write a single line of code! Figure 1.18 Use these settings for the triangle buttons that will allow the end user to cycle through the slideshow. 17Looking Ahead 8. Open the folder you created, and view the directory structure and files that were created as you worked on your project (Figure 1.19). InDesign creates a “host” HTML file to contain and display the SWF in a browser; if you’re curious, open the HTML file in a text editor to see what’s inside. It may look foreign if you’ve never looked at HTML code before, but it makes sense to a developer who might build on this basic start (or start from scratch). The entire folder should take up less than 1.5MB of disk space. Looking Ahead In future chapters, we’ll dig deeper into the functions of the interactive tools; the more you know, the more fun you can have. It’s also important to consider the end user’s experience. For truly successful deployment of your interactive content, you have to anticipate the user’s needs and reactions to your inter- active documents. This can mean a lot of hard work on your part in order to make it much easier for the person on the other side of the screen. Later on, we’ll tackle best practices and deployment issues to get you headed in the right direction. Figure 1.19 View the files that were created when you exported the project to SWF. This page intentionally left blank Chapter 2 Designing for onscreen viewing is a bit different from designing for print. It’s not just a matter of switching to a horizontal format; you have to simplify presenta- tion and help the end user find a logical path through the content. As the content creator, you have to work really hard to make things very easy for the user. You have to anticipate the user’s needs to ensure that their experience is positive. While the goal is still to present information in an attractive way, the approach has to be a bit different in terms of presentation, navigation, and deployment. Basic Interactivity and Navigation 20 Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation Presentation The readers of a printed piece are viewing content by reflected light; if text is hard to read, they can seek a brighter reading light (or stronger glasses). But the viewer of onscreen content has limited options; they’re unlikely to fiddle with the monitor resolution or brightness to read small or illegible text. It’s up to you to anticipate the user’s viewing conditions and compensate for the realities of onscreen viewing. View a PDF of a printed piece onscreen, and you’ll start to get an idea of some of the differences between printed and onscreen documents. Open the file BF_Print.pdf in the Ch_2_Exercise folder (Figure 2.1). Welcome to Baker-Feldman City Park Enjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park. Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery! Figure 2.1 A four-page brochure that’s appropriate for print needs to be reformatted horizontally for effective onscreen viewing. 21Presentation Start thinking about what you’d change if you were repurposing this content for a better onscreen viewing experience. Whether you’re planning to create Flash, PDF, or HTML content, the issues are largely the same. Here are some considerations: ■ Use a horizontal format. This is perhaps the most obvious difference between print and onscreen viewing. Most print materials follow a verti- cal format, which doesn’t always translate comfortably to the horizontal format of computer monitors. Plan your design with the horizontal format in mind; it will dictate your layout as well as your choice of content. For example, landscape-format images may fit into your design more easily than tall, narrow graphics (see Figure 2.2). Welcome to Baker-Feldman City Park Enjoy hiking, biking, and sailing in the area’s largest park. Refresh your mind with clean air and beautiful scenery! Click here to get started... ■ Use a screen-appropriate page size. Just switching a letter-sized or A4 page to landscape mode isn’t quite the answer. Even though most users have a reasonably sized monitor that’s capable of at least 1024 by 768 resolution (and many have monitors capable of even higher resolutions), filling the entire area of that screen isn’t necessary (or optimal). InDesign offers several default document presets that are appropriate for Web- based viewing. Figure 2.2 The same content, formatted for onscreen viewing. Note the larger graphics, simpler text, and horizontal page format. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation22 ■ Shorten the line length of text. Readers are more comfortable with shorter line lengths (3 to 6 inches), even when reading printed content. Do a little experiment: Open a few magazines and books, and take note of your own reading experience. You’ll find that when you’re traversing longer lines, you use a few extra microseconds to find the start of the next line. Shorter line widths yield easier reading. Of course, this can require more vertical scrolling or multipage navigation if you have lots of text. This leads to the next point... ■ Simplify editorial content. Unless you’re being paid by the word, figure out a way to say more with less. Write more concisely. Replace a long para- graph with a well-crafted bullet point. Let headlines do some of the talking. Move secondary content to another location, and provide links for readers who want to dig deeper. ■ Ensure readability with legible text. Minimum text size should be 10 or 12 points. While serif and sans serif fonts are equally readable at larger sizes, sans serif fonts are more reliable at smaller sizes, especially when text is white or light-colored on a dark background. Text size and styles aren’t the only issues; contrast and color also play a part. Charcoal gray text on a black background may look chic in a printed piece, but onscreen viewing benefits from higher contrast. Red text on a green background is, well, just plain cruel. ■ Link to a printable version. If you feel it’s necessary to provide the reader with a print-oriented version (for example, to include a larger, more detailed map), include a link to a downloadable PDF. Navigation Readers don’t need to be educated about how to read a book. When reading a novel, they know to start at the front cover and proceed toward the back (and the surprise ending). In a reference book, the table of contents is the primary navigational aid. For a reader thumbing through a book, chapter titles may be enough guidance. Rarely does a book consist of one long, unin- terrupted flow of text; there are logical divisions to the content. In an online environment, you have to lead the viewer through your information so they follow a logical path. And you have to provide a clear method of navigating nonlinear content so they can find what’s important. A SWF or interactive PDF file launches somewhat like a book, but the reader can’t just thumb through it to get an aerial view. It’s up to you to provide a road map. Think about some of the options: 23Navigation ■ Use a hyperlinked table of contents. A table of contents (TOC) doesn’t have to be formal, with extensive descriptions and page numbers. Think of the TOC as the 10,000-foot view, giving the reader an idea where the major topics are to be found. Hyperlinked entries let the reader jump to the sub- ject that interests them, without having to wade through other topics first. InDesign can generate a table of contents based on paragraph styles used in the document, and the TOC is automatically hyperlinked to the content it references, whether you export to SWF or interactive PDF. Bonus: Clickable bookmarks are generated from TOC entries in an interactive PDF. ■ Use cross-references. If portions of the content are interrelated, provide cross-references to enable the reader to quickly jump to related sections. InDesign CS5 makes this fairly easy, allowing you to create dynamic links based on text anchors or text tagged with paragraph styles. ■ Create hyperlinks. You can manually create hyperlinks to content within the same document (similar to cross-references, above) or to Web ad- dresses that provide additional information. You can also use the hyperlink format to provide e-mail links for your readers. ■ Provide navigational aids. If a document is just a single run of text con- tinued across multiple pages, it may be obvious to the reader that when they’re finished reading the content of one page, they should go to the next page. But how do they get there? The page curl page-turning effect included in InDesign’s default SWF export options is cute, but unless the user already knows that the corners of the page are “hot spots” that pro- vide a mechanism for turning pages, he’s doomed to stare at the same page forever. Help the reader by providing unambiguous controls, such as previ- ous page/next page buttons, and a “home” button to take them back to a comfortable starting point, such as the first page or the table of contents. ■ Test your document. You’ve been looking at your project for so long that you don’t have to think about the content or its presentation, so perhaps you’re not the best judge of whether it’s intuitive to navigate. Enlist an inno- cent bystander to test the navigability of the document. Do they need to be told what to click? Do they immediately understand the controls? If not, per- haps you need to make the controls simpler and more obvious, or provide an introductory page that explains the document’s structure and naviga- tional controls. If possible, choose a control subject who’s typical of your potential audience; don’t expect your Aunt Ruth to make sense of a highly stylized presentation intended for your design peers. (Although chances are if she can find her way around, almost anyone can. No offense to Aunt Ruth.) Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation24 Deployment Once you’ve finished your interactive creation, the next step is to get it out into the world so other people can appreciate it. When content creation and testing are finished, it’s time to export to SWF or interactive PDF. (Since this book is about Flash content, we’ll limit this discussion to the SWF file format.) You have several options for deploying SWF files: ■ Post the file on the Web and provide the URL so users can view it in a Web browser (if they have Adobe Flash Player installed). ■ Send the SWF on disc or as an email attachment and instruct the recipient to download and install the latest Flash Player (http://get.adobe.com/ flashplayer). The user can then launch a browser and view the locally stored SWF file. ■ Send the SWF file to users with Adobe Media Player (http://www.adobe. com/products/mediaplayer); they can open and play the SWF directly in Media Player. ■ Embed the SWF file into a PDF and send the PDF to users with Adobe Acrobat 9 Standard or Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro, or Adobe Reader 9. While users of version 6.0 of Acrobat Standard, Pro, or Reader can view embed- ded video content, they must have the appropriate multimedia viewer installed (such as QuickTime or Windows Media Player). A multimedia viewer is built into Reader and Acrobat 9, so no external player is required. You can embed a SWF file in a PDF by opening the PDF in Acrobat 9 Pro and using Acrobat’s multimedia tools. Alternatively, you can place the SWF into an InDesign CS5 document and export to interactive PDF. In either case, the PDF must have Acrobat 6 (PDF 1.5) or higher compatibility; sup- port for embedded video and Flash content was introduced with Acrobat 6.0. (While earlier versions of InDesign allow the placement of SWF con- tent, you may find that the SWF does not play correctly in the exported PDF. So stick with InDesign CS5 for best results.) Adding Navigational Controls Now you’ll open a file in progress and add cross-references and navigation buttons to help the end user get around. You’ll also create a Table of Contents style so InDesign can generate an automatically hyperlinked table of contents. You’ll create a rollover effect that allows the user to display additional content. And you’ll be pleasantly surprised at how easy all of this is. Adding Navigational Controls 25 To view the final version of the project, launch a Web browser with the cur- rent version of Adobe Flash Player installed, navigate to the Finished folder inside the Ch_2_Exercise folder, and open index.html. (If you’re using Adobe Media Player, just open the SWF file in that folder, bfpark.swf.) Page through the document, and try out the buttons that take you to the previous or next page, as well as the Home button that takes you back to the table of contents on the “Learn About the Park” page. Try out the links in the table of contents, and test the cross-references (e.g., “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4”) on the “About the Park” page. Do you think the various navigational controls do a good job of leading you through the document? If you click the URL on the Directions page, you’ll receive an alert (Figure 2.3). You won’t see this alert if you’re viewing a Web-hosted SWF in a browser. This is meant to protect you from malicious code being invoked by a link in a SWF file. If you wish to examine your current Flash Player Security settings, click the Settings button. Figure 2.3 Attempt to exercise a Web link in a locally stored SWF, and you’ll be intercepted by the Flash Player Security alert. Click the Settings button to launch the Settings Manager. When you click the Settings button, you’ll be taken to a Web page and prompted to change your local Flash viewing settings (Figure 2.4). As the link itself informs you, what looks like just a screen shot at the top of the page is in fact the Flash Player Settings Manager. Figure 2.4 The Settings Manager allows you to control how Web links are handled while you’re viewing a SWF file. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation26 If you’d prefer to not alter your Flash Player settings (and, for safety’s sake, it’s a good idea not to), but would like to test the URL hyperlink, you can view the SWF on the Web rather than locally: http://www.practicalia.net/bfpark. Notice that the document contains the same material as the printed piece, but redesigned for onscreen viewing. Generating a Table of Contents While a table of contents might seem like a print-centric concept, it can serve a valuable purpose in a multipage interactive file. With just a bit of work up front, InDesign can generate a table of entries that are automatically hyper- linked to content in the document (hence the term table of contents). You’re about to see how easy it is to build a table of contents—and the secret ingre- dient is the paragraph style. 1. Launch InDesign CS5. If you haven’t already copied the Ch_2_Exercise folder to your hard drive, do that now. In the Ch_2_Exercise folder, open BF_Start.indd. Save the file as BF_Working.indd in the same folder before you start modifying it. 2. First, you’ll create a table of contents that will provide dynamic links enabling the reader to jump to topics within the document. InDesign uses paragraph styles to identify text to be harvested for a TOC. Navigate to page 3, select the Type tool, and click in the text “About the Park.” Choose Window > Styles > Paragraph Styles. In the Paragraph Styles panel, the Topics paragraph style is highlighted. That’s the style you’ll be looking for as you construct the TOC. Don’t worry, InDesign will do all the heavy lifting for you. 3. Go to page 2; this is where you’ll place the TOC text. Choose Layout > Table of Contents Styles. 4. In the Table of Contents Styles panel that appears, click the New button. Creating a new style allows you to name the style and leave the Default style untouched. The New Table of Contents Style dialog appears (Figure 2.5). Click the More Options button so you see the panel in the mode shown below. Adding Navigational Controls 27 Use the following settings: ■ In the Title field, delete the default text; InDesign won’t generate title text. ■ In the Include Paragraph Styles section, select the Topics style in the right column and click the Add button (or just double-click the Topics style name; you may have to scroll down in the list to find it). This tells InDesign, “Find all text tagged with the Topics style and add it to the TOC.” ■ Tell InDesign how to format the TOC content. For Entry Style, choose TOC Entry (a style already created in the document), and for Page Number, select No Page Number. روی OK کلیک کنید. At this point, you’ve created the recipe InDesign uses to gener- ate the TOC, but you haven’t set things in motion yet. 5. Now you’ll generate the TOC text. Choose Layout > Table of Contents. In a case of page-layout déjà vu, it seems that you were just here a minute ago. It’s InDesign’s polite way of saying “I know you want to make a TOC, but here’s one last chance to change your settings.” Click OK, and InDesign gives you a loaded text cursor. Figure 2.5 Setting up the Table of Contents style. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation28 6. Click inside the ghosted text frame and view the table of contents. If you have a red overset text indicator, don’t panic—it’s just a leftover paragraph return. While it won’t result in an incorrect link, it may mess up the verti- cal alignment of the TOC within the frame, so it’s worth fixing. Choose Type > Show Hidden Characters so you can see the extra paragraph return, and then select and delete it. 7. To test the table of contents links, open the Preview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview), and click the Preview Document Mode button ( ). This allows you to view the entire document, rather than just the current spread, and lets you test internal document links. Click the Play button ( ) in the Preview panel to build the preview. The first page appears, and the Luna moth flies across from right to left. Using the page con- trols at the bottom of the Preview panel, go to page 2, and then click the Park Activities link; it should take you to page 5 of the document in the Preview panel. 8. You knew to click the TOC link because you were instructed to do so; a reader might not suspect that they should do that. That’s why there’s a bit of instruction above the ghosted text frame: “Click to view topics.” Include such little bits of guidance in your own documents so the unsus- pecting reader knows what to do. All of your work in creating the TOC would be lost if the reader had no idea the entries were clickable. Now you see why paragraph styles are for more than just controlling the appearance of text; they’re also a mechanism for tagging text so you can use it as the basis for a TOC. And in an upcoming section, you’ll use paragraph styles as part of creating cross-references. Save the file, and keep it open for the next section. Creating Navigation Buttons Readers can use the clickable TOC entries to get to a specific topic in the document, but what if they just want to page through the document on their own? How can they get back to the TOC? InDesign can include cute little “page curl” effects on the corners, but unless the user suspects that the page corners are hot spots, this isn’t helpful. And the page corners don’t offer any way to pages other than the previous or next page. You need to provide a more flexible system of navigation. Buttons can act as triggers for a wide variety of functions, and can change their appearance based on their state (up, down, rollover). You’ll spend more Adding Navigational Controls 29 quality time with buttons in a later chapter, but this exercise will let you get acquainted with some of the possibilities buttons afford. 1. If necessary, navigate to page 2. Open the Layers panel (Window > Layers), and make the Buttons layer visible by clicking in the “eyeball” column of the Layers panel. Three buttons appear on the page; currently, they all have the same appearance, but you’ll change both their appearance and their function. 2. You can’t select the buttons on page 2; the dotted border indicates that they are master page items (Figure 2.6). You could unlock the buttons and modify them, but then you’d have to do the same thing on all pages. It makes more sense to just edit the buttons once on the master page. In the Pages panel (Window > Pages), double-click the A-Master page icon. Now you can edit the buttons’ appearance, and give them something to do. 3. All three buttons use the same Adobe Illustrator artwork, NavButtons.ai. While each button could have been created from a separate Illustrator file, stacking up all the artwork in one file means you just have to manage one file. You can use Object Layer Options in InDesign to control layer visibility within Illustrator, Photoshop, and placed PDF files. Select the left button, and then choose Object > Object Layer Options. In the Object Layer Options panel, turn off the visibility for the next and home layers, leaving only the prev layer visible (Figure 2.7), and then click OK. Figure 2.7 Use Object Layer Options to control the visibility of layers in Illustrator, Photoshop, or PDF files. 4. Select the right button, and use Object Layer Options to turn off the home and prev layers, leaving only the next layer visible. The middle button’s appearance is OK as it is, so you don’t have to do anything to it yet. 5. Now the buttons look the part, but they aren’t truly buttons yet. The “prev” button will take readers to the previous page, the “next” button will take them to the next page, and the “home” button will take them back to the TOC page. Select the “prev” button, and then open the Buttons Figure 2.6 Because the buttons are master page objects, they can’t be edited on the document page without unlocking. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation30 panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). To convert the selected object to a button, you can either choose Object > Interactive > Convert to Button, or click the Convert to Button icon ( ) on the bottom of the Buttons panel. (You can also select the object in the page, and then right-click and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu that appears.) Now the Buttons panel comes to life, and you can give the button something to do. 6. Name the button prev rather than using the default name InDesign assigns. For Event, choose On Release; this is the instant you release the mouse button after clicking, and it’s when a user expects something to happen. Click the plus sign next to Actions, and then select Go To Previous Page from the list of possible actions (Figure 2.8). Notice how many actions are available, and note that the list contains two sublists: actions that are SWF-only, and actions that are PDF-only. The top part of the list contains actions that work in either export format. Figure 2.8 Assign the Go to Previous Page action to the On Release event of the “prev” button. 7. Select the “next” button object, and convert it to a button using either method described above. Name the button next, and for Action, choose the Go to Next Page action. If you like, check your work so far by running a preview in the Preview panel. 8. The “home” button will take users back to the TOC on page 2. Convert the object to a button, and name it home. In the Buttons panel, choose the Go to Page action from the SWF Only portion of the action list, and type 2 in the page field. Leave the other settings at their default values. Adding Navigational Controls 31 9. The cover page will need a “next page” button to lead the reader into the file, so copy the next button to the clipboard, and then double-click the page 1 icon in the Pages panel to go to page 1. Make sure the Buttons layer is still targeted in the Layers panel, and paste the button on the cover page. Reposition the button so it follows the text “Click here to get started...” (Figure 2.9). 10. Test all your buttons in the Preview panel, and fix anything that’s gone awry. Note that you don’t have to unlock the buttons on the docu- ment pages; they’ll function just fine in all the pages as master objects. If all the buttons are behaving, save the file and leave it open for the next section. Or close the file and take a break. Creating a Rollover Effect When you want to display multiple large images in a small page, sometimes the best way is to not show them all at once, but provide small thumbnails as triggers to display the large images one by one, using a rollover effect. A rollover is accomplished by using buttons, and consists of two pieces: a target button to contain the graphic you want to temporarily display, and a button to trigger the appearance of the target button. The mechanism is referred to as Show/Hide Buttons in InDesign. The effect can be activated by clicking the trigger button, or by rolling over the button area. In this docu- ment, you’ll use the rollover effect. 1. Go to page 4 of the document, and open the Preview panel if it isn’t already open. Change the preview mode to Preview Spread Mode ( ) so you don’t have to wade through the full document preview to see what’s happening on page 4. Note the instruction built right into the page: “Roll over a thumbnail for a larger view.” Test the existing rollovers; as you roll over a thumbnail, a larger version of the image appears, accompanied by a text frame with information about the image or the park feature it represents. As you roll over the next thumbnail, the previous large image disappears, because the button action of the thumbnail is set to show one image while hiding all the other images. 2. Now that you’ve seen the desired effect, you’ll set up a rollover action of your own. Zoom out until you can see the image and text frame in the pasteboard to the left of the page. Select both frames and group them (Object > Group). Then, move the grouped objects into the page and posi- tion them to match the other large images and text frames. You don’t have Figure 2.9 The “next page” button on the cover invites readers into the document. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation32 to be exact—remember, the other frames disappear, so no two frames appear simultaneously. 3. The large image and text frame need to become a button so their visibility can be controlled by another button—the other half of the two-member button team. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons), and reselect the grouped large image and text frame if necessary. Convert the group to a button by one of the methods you learned earlier, and name the button dairy. Check the Hidden Until Triggered option in the Buttons panel so the image won’t appear until you want it to. 4. Now you’ll create the button that triggers the appearance of the dairy farm image. Select the dairy farm thumbnail (the last image on the right in the row of thumbnails), and convert it to a button. Name the button showdairy, choose the On Roll Over event, and assign the Show/Hide Buttons action. Note that this thumbnail button needs to accomplish several things. It needs to show the large dairy graphic and it needs to force any other large graphics to hide, so it needs to address the behavior of multiple target buttons. The Show/Hide controls can be a bit confusing at first glance, so a decoder can be helpful (Figure 2.10). Figure 2.10 Show/Hide Buttons controls. The “X” option means “leave it alone.” ■ The solid eyeball icon means “make the target button visible.” ■ The crossed-out eyeball icon means “hide the target button.” ■ The “X” means “leave the target button alone; use its existing visibility setting.” 5. Just setting the target button (dairy) to show isn’t enough. You also have to hide the other large graphics that shouldn’t be visible when the dairy graphic is visible, and you have to make sure that no other buttons are adversely affected. It’s a bit tedious, especially since the Buttons panel doesn’t allow you to expand the list of current buttons; you can see only three of them simultaneously in the claustrophobic little Visibility section Retain button’s existing visibility Hide target button Make target button visible Adding Navigational Controls 33 of the Buttons panel. (Let’s hope this is fixed in a future release.) As you scroll through the list of buttons, use the settings shown in Figure 2.11. Essentially, you’re making the large dairy graphic visible, hiding all the other large graphics in the spread, and making sure you don’t accidentally hide the other thumbnail buttons or the navigation buttons. 6. After you’ve set the visibility options for all the necessary buttons, preview the results. Fix any problems, and preview one last time. Once you get the hang of “hide this, show that,” the creation of rollovers is conceptually easy, if somewhat tedious. 7. Whew! This would be a good time for a break. I’m hungry—how about you? Save the file, and leave it open for the next section (or close it if you’ve had enough scrolling and clicking for one day). Creating a Cross-Reference While buttons can lead a reader from page to page, sometimes you want to provide more specific control. In a printed piece, cross-references can lead a reader to related information. They can serve the same purpose in an inter- active document, with one added advantage—cross-references are actually clickable hyperlinks that take the reader immediately to the target content. 1. Navigate to page 3, and in the bullet point about Lake Baker, note the text in parentheses: “see ‘Sunset Cruises’ on page 4.” While you could just type that text, it wouldn’t translate to a clickable hyperlink in the exported SWF without some extra work on your part. A cross-reference, however, is easy to generate and automatically becomes a clickable hyperlink. (Subliminal message: Paragraph styles are your friends.) 2. Navigate to page 4 to find out how this cross-reference was generated. Because there are multiple frames stacked up on the page, it’s hard to dig down and select the Sunset Cruise frame. But you can get an idea of what’s going on. Choose the Type tool, and then click somewhere in the large italic Lake Baker text (not the small caption under the thumbnail). Check in the Paragraph Styles panel or the Control panel, and you’ll see that the text uses the Subhead paragraph style. You’ll recall from the section on creating a table of contents that paragraph styles are a tagging mechanism. 3. You’ll create a cross-reference that goes hunting for text using the Subhead style. Go back to page 3, and zoom in on the bullet point about touring the authentic turn-of-the-century dairy farm. Switch to the Type tool if Figure 2.11 Use this as a guide for setting up the Show/Hide options for the “showdairy” thumbnail button. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation34 necessary, and click at the end of the paragraph. Type a space, and then choose Type > Hyperlinks & Cross-References > Insert Cross-Reference. The New Cross-Reference dialog opens (Figure 2.12). 4. In the New Cross-Reference dialog, you specify whether InDesign should find text tagged with a particular paragraph style (the most common op- tion) or text that’s been earmarked as a text anchor (a manually created target). In the Destination section, specify the Subhead style in the left column, and all paragraphs using that style are then displayed in the right column. Scroll if necessary in the right column, and select Historic Dairy Farm from the list. This creates a dynamic hyperlink between the origin of the cross-reference on page 3 and its target on page 4. Leave the dialog open; you’re going to change the cross-reference format in the next step. 5. Click the small pencil icon ( ) next to the Format pull-down so you can modify the definition for the format of the generated cross-reference text. The Cross-Reference Formats dialog appears (Figure 2.13). In the Definition field, click at the beginning of the line of code describing the cross-reference formula, and type an opening parenthesis. Click at the end of the line and type a closing parenthesis. The existing cross-references have manual parentheses, but including them in the cross-reference definition can save time in long documents; you’ll fix the manual paren- theses in a bit. Figure 2.12 In the New Cross-Reference dialog, you’re creating a recipe for a cross- reference. Choose a target paragraph style, and then modify the cross-reference format if you wish. Adding Navigational Controls 35 6. Check the Character Style option and choose the x-ref italic character style. Click OK; you can already see the change being applied to the cross-reference entries in the document. Click OK again to exit the New Cross-Reference dialog. 7. Delete the extraneous parentheses around the cross-references in the page, leaving only the parentheses that were created by the cross-reference definition. Put the Preview panel in Document Preview mode and test the cross-references; clicking one should take you to the target page. 8. What happens if the target of a cross-reference changes? That’s the beauty of creating cross-references the way you just did—they’re dynamic. Test this by going to page 4 and changing the word “Historic” to “Authentic.” Immediately, a yellow alert triangle appears next to the entry in the New Cross-References dialog (Figure 2.14). If the dialog is not showing, choose Window > Type & Tables > Cross-References. Click the Update icon ( ) to update the cross-reference. Save the file and keep it open; there’s just a bit more work to do. Figure 2.14 A yellow triangle indicates an out-of-date cross- reference. Click the Update icon to fix it. Figure 2.13 Examine the code in the Definition field, and it quickly makes sense. Here, you add opening and closing parentheses to the recipe and specify the character style to be used. NOTE: Occasionally a cross- reference becomes stubborn, and displays a red “Missing” flag, even though it’s only been modified. Try undoing your change, saving the file, and tackling it again. It usually be- haves the second time around (and no, I don’t know why). Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation36 Don’t be intimidated by the Definition field in the Cross-Reference Formats dialog. If you’re curious, it’s not too hard to look at the definition and the text that’s generated and figure out how the recipe (see "" on page ) translates to: (see “Authentic Dairy Farm” on page 4) Explore the options available via the “plus” and “@” icons next to the Definition field, too. Creating a Web Link If you want to direct the reader to a Web site for more information, it’s easy to provide a hyperlink in your document. If the text is already in the format of a URL, it’s painless. 1. Go to page 6, select the Type tool, and then select the URL text, http:// www.bfparkonline.net. You don’t even have to copy that text to the clipboard; just leave it highlighted. 2. If the Hyperlinks panel isn’t open, choose Window > Interactive > Hyperlinks. From the Hyperlinks panel menu, choose New Hyperlink from URL. That’s all there is to it—you can see the new hyperlink in the panel, and you’re done. If you’re curious about the option “Convert URLs to Hyperlinks,” yes, it does indeed search for URL-formatted text in selected text, a story, or the entire document, and automatically creates hyperlinks for you. چقدر باحاله؟ 3. Save the file, and keep it open for the last steps. Exporting to SWF All the hard work is done; now it’s time to share the results. If you have a hosted Web site, you upload the finished files using your customary upload procedures, and view the SWF online. If not, you can view the local file. Exporting to SWF 37 1. Check your document thoroughly. Set the Preview panel to Preview Document Mode, and check all the internal links. Test the buttons and rollovers to make sure everything works as it should. Save the file. 2. Create a folder named bfpark in the Ch_2_Exercise folder or, if you pre- fer, in another location on your computer. Choose File > Export, navigate to the new bfpark folder, and select Flash Player (SWF) as the format. Name the SWF bfpark.swf and click Save. 3. The Export SWF dialog appears (Figure 2.15). Leave the settings at the defaults, but take this opportunity to familiarize yourself with some of the options. روی OK کلیک کنید. Because the View SWF After Exporting option is checked by default, your default browser should launch when the export process is finished, and you can view the results. Figure 2.15 For this document, use the default SWF export settings. Make sure the Interactive Page Curl is not checked. Of course, the animations and some of the rollover effects were already in place when you began working on this file, but think of the new skills you now have. You can create cross-references, generate a table of contents, assign actions to buttons, and create hyperlinks. You’ll use those tech- niques constantly as you’re bringing documents to life, whether you plan to export to SWF or interactive PDF. Chapter 2 Basic Interactivity and Navigation38 Exporting to PDF Interactive PDFs support some of the same functions available in SWF files. There’s a good bit of overlap between the two formats, but they’re not identical. Export your exercise file to interactive PDF and examine the results. 1. Choose File > Export, select Adobe PDF (Interactive) for the format, name the file bfpark.pdf, and save the PDF in the Ch_2_Exercise folder. Use the default set- tings, and wait for the finished PDF to be displayed. You’ll receive an alert that the Go To Page button action isn’t supported in PDF (Figure 2.16); this refers to the “Home” button that takes readers back to the TOC page. If you intend to export to PDF as well as SWF, you can provide equivalent functionality by creating a Text Anchor hyperlink on the TOC page and setting the Home button’s action to a Go to Destination action with the text anchor as the destination. 2. Examine the PDF. While the flying moth and spinning daisy animations didn’t survive the trip, the remaining interactive functions work. This gives you some idea of the overlap between SWF and PDF capability (and some of the shortfalls in PDF support). If you want to post your SWF on your own Web site for testing, you may want to include the companion HTML file that is generated with the SWF; think of it as a rudimentary life support system for your SWF, making it easy to launch. (And, of course, remember that the graphics and text in the exercise file are just for tutorial use.) Figure 2.16 You’re warned that the Go To Page button action doesn’t translate to PDF. If you wish to export your file to interactive PDF, you can use a Go to Destination action instead. Chapter 3 First, a little background on multimedia content in Adobe InDesign. We’ve been able to place video and audio in InDesign since CS2, when we were thrilled to be able to export to interactive PDF. However, the PDF format had one limitation: Before Adobe Acrobat 9, the viewer had to have an appropriate multimedia interpreter on their system, external to Acrobat. So, for example, if a viewer attempted to play a QuickTime movie embedded in a PDF without the QuickTime viewer installed on their computer, they were out of luck. All they saw was an error message. Acrobat 9 and Adobe Reader 9 rectified this shortfall by including the ability to view video without needing an external player. Multimedia Chapter 3 Multimedia40 In InDesign CS4, we were given the option to export to SWF, but the SWF-iness of the export was mainly limited to cute page curls, clickable buttons, QuickTime movies, and page transitions. With CS5, you can now export a SWF with full support for the smaller, more modern Flash video formats, as well as MP3 audio files. If the viewer has the Adobe Flash plug-in for their browser, they’ll be able to view your multimedia content in its full glory. In this chapter’s exercise, you’ll add video and audio to a promotional piece for a fictional city’s attractions. You’ll dig a bit deeper into some of the con- cepts you explored in Chapter 1. Video If a picture is worth a thousand words, how much is a video worth? A short tutorial video can clearly convey a complex procedure, often better than written instructions. Or a video can be a great companion to text, bringing the topic to life or expanding on the written word. Video Formats InDesign CS5 assumes you’ll want to export to SWF or FLA, so it may display a cautionary message if you try to place some types of legacy video content, such as older versions of QuickTime (.mov). H.264-encoded content, such as MP4, is OK. AVI and MPEG aren’t supported by Flash, and thus are not viable for projects you’ll be exporting to FLA or SWF. If you intend to export to SWF or FLA, you should obtain versions of the desired video in an acceptable format, or convert your existing assets to FLV or F4V. If you have Creative Suite Design Premium, Web Premium, or Production Premium, you have Adobe Media Encoder (a stand-alone application that is installed with Flash, Premiere Pro, After Effects, Soundbooth, and Encore), which will enable you to convert many other video formats to FLV or F4V. If you don’t have Adobe Media Encoder, a quick Web search will unearth a num- ber of media conversion programs, many of them attractively priced at $free. In the first part of this exercise, we’ll look at what happens when you import a video in Ye Olde QuickTime format. 1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_3_Exercise folder, and open CityCenterStart.indd. Save the file as CityCenterWorking.indd in the same folder. Choose the Interactive workspace (or your modified version of it, if you have moved panels around to suit you). TIP: If you’d like to look at the finished version of this project, you’ll find the final InDesign file and the exported SWF (and supporting HTML file) in the Finished File folder inside the Ch_3_Exercise folder. Video 41 2. Page through the document. Navigation buttons are already in place, and the table of contents has been automatically generated so that the entries will be hyperlinked to their destination in the exported SWF. There are hints on several pages about the media files you’ll place: an audio file on page 3, videos on pages 4 and 5. 3. View page 4 of the CityCenter file. In the Layers panel, make sure the multimedia layer is unlocked and selected. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder inside the exercise folder, and select butterfly.mov. Because this QuickTime file is ancient (in computer years, anyway), InDesign reacts to it like a two-year-old reacts to broccoli, and displays an alert (Figure 3.1). However, you can bully your way past the alert, click Continue, and place the file by clicking in the page. InDesign assumes you know what you’re doing, and allows it because of the possibil- ity that you’re going to export the file to interactive PDF, which supports QuickTime content (provided the viewer is using Acrobat or Reader version 9, or has QuickTime installed on their system to serve as an exter- nal viewer). Figure 3.1 Attempt to place a video in any format other than FLV or F4V, and you’re advised that it won’t be supported by Flash. The QuickTime format is, however, supported in interactive PDF, so you will be allowed to place it despite the alert. 4. After all that, undo the movie import or delete the placed movie. The pre- vious step was just to show you the alert you might encounter, so it won’t alarm you in the future. Now you’ll place the actual video, a short piece showing otters frolicking. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, and select OtterMovie.f4v. Click in the page (don’t click and drag) to place the video, and position it in the upper-right corner of the page, just inside the top and right edges of the page. 5. Open the Media panel (Window > Interactive > Media) to modify the set- tings for the placed movie (Figure 3.2). Since you’ll use a button to trigger the movie, leave the Play on Page Load option unchecked. Because you don’t want the movie to cover up the sea anemone photo in the back- ground until it plays, set the Poster option to None. Choose SkinOverAll Chapter 3 Multimedia42 from the Controller pull-down, and choose the Show Controller on Rollover option. The SkinOverAll option provides all options, including play, stop, pause, mute, and full- screen play (hence the “all” in the option name). You may want to experiment with the controllers to find which ones you find most useful. 6. The text “Play Otter Movie” is in a text frame that has already been converted to a button, but it has no attached action. In the Layers panel, unlock the Buttons layer, and select the Play Otter Movie button in the page. In the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons), click the plus sign by Actions, and choose the Video option. Since the otter movie is the only video, it’s automatically selected as the target, and the default Play action is selected as the action. Click the Preview icon ( ) in the Buttons panel, or choose Window > Interactive > Figure 3.2 Choosing the settings for the otter movie. Set the Poster option to None, so the still frame from the movie doesn’t cover up the background photograph. Preview to open the Preview panel. Test the button in the Preview panel. Does it launch the video? Roll over the video to see the options offered by the SkinOverAll controller you chose. Save the file and keep it open. Controllers When you place an FLV, F4V, or H.264-encoded file, you can choose from the long list of controllers in the Media panel. The Show on Rollover option displays the controls only when the user moves the mouse over the video (so they don’t obscure the playback). If the video is a legacy file (such as MPEG or AVI), you’ll only be able to add a basic controller with play, pause, start, and stop controls (no audio controls). Placed SWF files may have their own embedded controller skins. Use the Preview panel to check controller appearance and behavior. Custom controller skins can be created in Flash Professional, saved as SWF files, and stored in the Presets > Multimedia > FLVPlayback Skins folder inside the InDesign application folder. Video 43 Posters By default, InDesign represents a placed video by displaying the first frame of the video. You can also use the “standard” poster, which is a graphic resembling a filmstrip. For the otter movie, you set the poster to None so the background photo wasn’t covered up. There are also other options. You can scrub through the video in the Media panel, select any frame in the video, and designate it as the representative poster. As you saw in Chapter 1, you can also specify a separate image for the poster. This is a great option if you plan to use the doc- ument for both print and Web; you can place a high-resolution poster image appropriate for print, and the image will be optimized for Web viewing when the project is exported to SWF—it’s the best of both worlds. You’ll experiment now with the poster options for another video. 1. Go to page 5 of the CityCenter document. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select PeacockMovie.f4v, and click to the left of the large text frame describing the wildlife preserve to place it. (It may take the video a few seconds to “settle in” and allow you to select it.) Position the video at the lower left of the page, lining up its bottom edge with the bottom of the text frame. 2. In the Control panel, choose [Paper] for the stroke attribute of the frame containing the video. This will add a 1-pixel white stroke around the video, to set it apart from the green background photograph. If you like, increase the weight of the white stroke to suit you. 3. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead to about the 5.5 second mark to show the peacock’s tail facing the viewer (Figure 3.3). Click the Use Current Frame icon ( ) to designate the chosen frame as the poster. Check the results in the Preview panel. Figure 3.3 Scrub through the video to find a better frame to serve as a poster, and pin it down with the Use Current Frame icon to the right of the Poster pull-down. Chapter 3 Multimedia44 4. That’s certainly an improvement, but if this document will be used for both print and Web purposes, a high-resolution image might be even better. Before you bring in the image, however, take a look at the Links panel (Window > Links); PeacockMovie.f4v is listed as a link, just like a placed graphic. This is what you’d expect, but it’s interesting to notice what hap- pens when you assign an image as a replacement poster. If necessary, reselect the peacock video frame and, in the Media panel, select the Choose Image option from the Poster pull-down. Navigate to the Multimedia Content folder and select PeacockPoster.psd. It’s about the right size to fit neatly in the frame. Now, look at the Links panel. There are two entries for the selected frame: one for the video, and one for the imported image poster (Figure 3.4). Think of them as roommates in the frame. Figure 3.4 Frames containing both a video and an image poster are represented by two entries in the Links panel. 5. Choose SkinOverAll from the Controller pull-down, and check the option for Show Controller on Rollover (this displays the controller only when the viewer mouses over the video while it’s playing; the controller will not show if the user mouses over the area of the video when it isn’t active). Navigation Points Sometimes you want to draw the viewer’s attention to a particular part of a video, especially if it’s a long video containing multiple topics or scenes. You can add navigation points to a video, which can be invoked by buttons or upon page load to ensure that the viewer sees what you think is important. You’ll create three navigation points: one for the full display of the peacock’s tail, one for his distinctive call, and one that shows the beginning of his festive mating dance. 1. Select the peacock movie frame. Even though the poster image seems to cover the movie, selecting the frame still lets you address the movie and control its attributes. In the Media panel, scrub the playhead under the video preview until you reach approximately the 5.5 second mark. It may be difficult to move the playhead smoothly; you can use keyboard arrows to advance/reverse the time in the playback line, but the preview may not update. Yes, it’s a little kludgy. Sometimes it’s easier to just play the video Video 45 in the Media panel and note the timecode for the moment you want to freeze. The time is displayed below the playback line, showing the current time position in the video, followed by the total time length of the video. Just try to get close to the 5.5 second mark on the playback line. When you reach the approximate moment of the peacock’s tail unfurling for the first time, the readout below the playline will be some- thing like 00:5.55/00:33.53, indicating that you’re at the 5.5 second mark of a 33.5 sec- ond video. 2. Once you’ve reached the approximate 5.5 second mark on the playline, click the plus sign below the Navigation Points area to create a new navigation point. It’s initially named Point 1, but the name is highlighted so you can immediately rename it. Name this first navigation point tail feathers (Figure 3.5). Figure 3.5 To create a navigation point, scrub to the correct part of the video and click the “+” icon below the Navigation Points area. 3. Scrub to about the 10 second mark on the playline, and create a naviga- tion point for the peacock’s distinctive call. Name this point mating call. If you accidentally create a navigation point that you don’t want, select the point in the list and click the minus sign to delete it. 4. Create a navigation point at approximately the 23 second mark, to show- case the peacock’s mating dance. He spins to show the back of his splendid tail, and does some fancy wing work. Name this navigation point dance. 5. Now, it’s time to trigger the movie at the three navigation points you cre- ated. You’ll accomplish this by creating buttons that become hot spots over the text on the page. In the Layers panel, target the Buttons layer. Using the Rectangle Frame tool ( ), draw a rectangle around the text “Click here to see the peacock’s beautiful tail.” Make the rectangle large enough to cover all the text, but keep the bottom of the rectangle very close to the baseline of the text. There will be a total of four buttons (one over each of the last four lines of text). You want them to be large enough to be easily clicked, but not so large that the user clicks the wrong one by mistake. Keep the rectangle selected. NOTE: You can start playing a video at a designated naviga- tion point, but you cannot use a navigation point as a stopping point. If users want to stop a movie, they’ll have to use the Stop or Pause options in the video controller—another good reason to include a controller. Chapter 3 Multimedia46 6. In the Buttons panel, click the Convert Object to a Button icon ( ). Name the button tail, click the plus sign by Actions, and select the Video action from the pull-down list. The peacock video is automatically selected, since it’s the only video in the current spread (you can only trigger videos within a current spread). In the Options pull-down, choose Play from Navigation Point, and select tail feathers from the Point pull-down (Figure 3.6). Test the button in the Preview panel to make sure it triggers the video correctly from the chosen navigation point. Figure 3.6 Choose the Play from Navigation Point option in the Buttons panel, and then you can select which navigation point to target. 7. Now you’ll create a button named play dance for the dance navigation point. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to see the peacock’s dance display,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger the video at the dance navigation point. 8. You’ll create a button named mating call for the mating call navigation point. Drag a rectangle around the text “Click here to hear the peacock’s mating call,” and convert the rectangle to a button. Set it to trigger the video at the mating call navigation point. 9. Create a button named play for the last line of text, “Click here to play the peacock movie.” This will play the video from the beginning. Test all four buttons in the Preview panel, and then save the file and keep it open for the next section. TIP: InDesign supports stream- ing video in exported SWF and interactive PDF files. Select an empty frame (or a frame con- taining a local video that you want to replace), and choose Video From URL from the Media panel menu. The video format must be supported by the Flash Player. TIP: If you duplicate a button that contains an action that triggers a sound, video, or animation, the action is auto- matically removed from the duplicate. InDesign seems to feel that it’s redundant to have more than one trigger for a multimedia event. Of course, you can manually add the action to the duplicate. Video 47 Adding Objects On Top of Video Content You can place objects on top of video content to create interesting effects, such as corner decorations. You can even use this method to colorize part of a video, by applying a blending mode to an overlaying object (thanks to Jean-Claude Tremblay for pointing out that trick!). However, at least some of the video must be uncovered and clickable—it can’t be completely covered by an object. 1. In the Layers panel, select the multimedia layer. Choose File > Place, navi- gate to the Multimedia Content folder, and select PeacockFeather.psd. Click anywhere in the page to place the image. You’re about to rotate and reposition it. 2. Now you’ll rotate the feather clockwise. Just hover your cursor a bit out- side one of the corners of the frame, and a two-headed curved arrow icon appears, indicating that you can now rotate the frame interactively. This is much more fun than having to switch to the Rotate tool. Rotate the feather and position it over the upper-left corner of the peacock video frame (Figure 3.7). Figure 3.7 Position the feather over the corner of the video frame (we rotated to -58 degrees). It should add a bit of visual interest, without covering up important elements in the video. 3. Because the feather, the video poster, and the forest background are so similar in color, the artwork sort of all runs together. You’ll add a glow around the peacock feather to make it easier to see. If necessary, reselect the feather, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Effects > Outer Glow from the contextual menu. In the dialog that follows, set the Opacity to 70%, and the size to 7 pixels (as always, feel free to stray from these settings to experiment). The feather should be more visible now, without being too obvious. NOTE: If you have created interactive PDFs, you may be surprised to learn that you can place objects on top of video content in InDesign files des- tined for export to SWF. Acrobat handles video as floating con- tent that appears in front of all other objects (except buttons). Chapter 3 Multimedia48 4. Test the file in the Preview panel. If the feather is covering up too much of the video, reposition the feather, reduce its size, or rotate it to a differ- ent angle—or do all three. It’s your project, and ultimately it’s up to you to decide when it looks satisfactory. Save the file and keep it open. Audio If you place a video containing an audio track into an InDesign file, the sound is not a separate entity; if the video plays, its audio track plays. But sometimes you’ll want audio accents, such as music or chirping birds, in your projects. Audio Formats and Settings Picking the audio format is easy: if you’re exporting to SWF or FLA, you can only import audio files in MP3 format. Other formats are supported only if you export to interactive PDF. If you have Apple iTunes, Adobe Media Encoder, or Adobe Soundbooth, you can easily convert other audio formats to MP3. Or you can take advantage of the many free (or inexpensive) conversion appli- cations available on the Web. 1. Go to page 3 of the document, which displays information about CityCenter Park. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select WaterChimes.mp3, and click OK. Place the file anywhere in the page. While you can choose from No Poster, Standard Poster, or an image in the Media panel, none of these will make the area of the placed audio visible or clickable in an exported SWF. This seems to be a bug (it works as expected in an exported interactive PDF). That’s OK; we’ll cheat. 2. In the Media panel, check the options for Play on Page Load and Stop on Page Turn. When the viewer clicks a navigation button at the bottom of the page, the audio track will stop abruptly. This is a brief audio clip, but if a long audio clip follows the viewer onto another page, it could still be playing when another audio or video clip is triggered. 3. Go to page 6 of the document. In the Layers panel, unlock the Basics layer. Select the red music clef in the page. In the Layers panel, click the small red square on the right side of the Basics layer, hold down the mouse button, and drag the red square up to the Buttons layer. This transplants the clef artwork frame to the Buttons layer. Lock the Basics layer and target the Buttons layer. NOTE: Sounds can be placed out in the pasteboard and still function in an exported SWF file. However, a sound in the pasteboard is not included in an exported interactive PDF, and pasteboard contents are not included when a document is packaged. Audio 49 4. Choose File > Place, navigate to the Multimedia Content folder, select Orchestra.mp3, and click OK. Target the multimedia layer, click in the page—it doesn’t matter where—and place the sound. When you’re done, target the Buttons layer. 5. Rather than have the sound triggered when the viewer reaches this page, you’ll set up a button so the viewer can choose when to listen to the City Center Orchestra. In the Buttons layer, select the red music clef frame, right-click (Mac: Control-click), and choose Interactive > Convert to Button from the contextual menu. A rectangular hot spot is created, surrounding the rotated clef frame, and the Buttons panel automatically opens. In the Buttons panel, name the button Orchestra, and click the plus sign next to the Actions label to choose the Sound option. Since the orchestra audio is the only one in the page, it’s automatically selected, as is the Play option. Make sure that the Play on Page Load option is not selected, and please don’t check the Loop option—that’s just plain mean. 6. You’ve been checking your work throughout the project, but it’s always advisable to export the project and test it in multiple browsers. Save the file as CityCenterDone.indd in the Ch_3_Exercise folder. Choose File > Export and select the Flash Player (SWF) format. Accept the default set- tings, but make sure the Interactive Page Curl option is not checked. 7. As you view the project in your default browser, test all the navigation buttons at the bottom of the page; you’ll learn how to create such buttons in Chapter 5. Make sure the audio and video content play as you expect. If you need to tweak anything, modify the InDesign file, save it, and re- export it, overwriting the earlier files. When you’re finished, you can save and close the file. As you’ve seen, it’s as easy to place music or movies in an InDesign document as it is to place images and text. You can trigger a video with a button or a simple page turn and greatly enhance the user’s viewing experience. And now you know it’s much easier than it looks! TIP: Videos and sounds appear in the Timing panel, so they can be controlled by delay and playing order options, just like animations. You’ll learn more about the Timing panel in Chapter Four, “Animation.” This page intentionally left blank Chapter 4 While previous versions of InDesign allowed you to create hyperlinks and import video and sound files, the InDesign document itself was static; none of the page content wiggled or barked. While InDesign CS4 introduced the ability to import SWF files and to export to the SWF format, the resulting SWF was still just a container for content that had to be created elsewhere. But InDesign CS5 allows you to do so much more—now, page content itself can be animated. Here’s where the real fun begins! Animation 52 Chapter 4 Animation What Can Be Animated? Any text frame, graphics frame, or empty frame (or group of frames) can be animated. As you saw in Chapter 3, “Multimedia,” a frame containing an FLV or FV4 video can be animated, but the video inside the frame won’t play until the animated frame calms down and stops doing whatever it’s doing. However, remember that a frame containing a placed SWF file can be animated, and the animation inside the frame will play while its container is doing something else (as long as something triggers the SWF to play). Think of the fiendish possibilities! Exploring the Possibilities There’s a great little guide to InDesign’s animation capabilities built right into the application, but you have to do a little digging to find it. First, you have to find a script that ships with InDesign. The script generates an InDesign docu- ment containing examples of objects using many of the animation controls. You can examine each object’s settings in the Animation and Timing panels and learn a lot. 1. To start your quest for the Animation Encyclopedia (its official name), open the Scripts panel (Window > Utilities > Scripts). You’ll see two folders: Application and User. The User folder stores scripts you download to add to InDesign’s functionality (the scripts displayed are those installed by the currently active computer user); the Application folder contains the scripts that ship with InDesign (Figure 4.1). Figure 4.1 Sample scripts are supplied in two formats for Windows (JavaScript and VBScript) and two formats for Mac (JavaScript and AppleScript). All application scripts are available in both formats; only JavaScript is cross-platform. 2. You’ll have to keep digging. Click the triangle next to the Application folder to view the Samples folder. Here’s where the road forks: If you’re using Windows, you’ll see subfolders for VBScript and JavaScript; on the Mac, you’ll have subfolders for AppleScript and JavaScript. The script selection is actually the same in both subfolders, so it doesn’t matter which you select for the next step; you’re almost there. Click the triangle 53What Can Be Animated? next to JavaScript, VBScript, or AppleScript, and there it is (finally): AnimationEncyclopedia (Figure 4.2). Figure 4.2 You’ll find the AnimationEncyclopedia script in the JavaScript, AppleScript, or VBScript folder (depending on your platform). You’ll see VBScript on Windows, and AppleScript on the Mac. JavaScript is cross-platform. 3. Double-click the script to run it. InDesign takes the reins and builds a six-page document. It may not look very exciting at first (Figure 4.3), but it packs a secret punch. Preview the document and play along. Some objects require that you click them or the page, and some will be triggered when the page loads. Figure 4.3 The design of the Animation Encyclopedia may not be compelling, but the beauty is under the hood. Preview this simple document, and prepare to be amazed. Chapter 4 Animation54 The document that’s created is named Untitled.indd; I suggest you save it as AnimationEncyclopedia.indd and put it in a safe place. You can learn a lot about InDesign’s animation capabilities by examining the settings used by those little rectangles. Just so you know, page 6 of the document displays very complex behavior that’s beyond what you can do with just the animation and timing settings; it’s accomplished with scripting (as are the Color Fade and Combination effects on page 1). To give you an idea of its complexity, look at an excerpt from the JavaScript version of the Animation Encyclopedia script (Figure 4.4). Don’t freak out—you’re not expected to write code like this! All the behaviors you see on pages 1 through 5 of the encyclopedia—and many more—can be achieved by using the controls and options in the Animation and Timing panels. The inclusion of the over-the-top performance on page 6 is to expose you to the fact that animation, like every other operation in InDesign, is com- pletely scriptable. For this and other reasons, it’s a good idea to befriend a scripter and take him/her to lunch occasionally. Figure 4.4 Scripting can accomplish complex animations far beyond what’s possible with the motion and timing controls. Events 55 Events An animation requires two components: the object or objects being ani- mated, and an event to trigger the playing of the animation. The triggering event could be the click of a button, a click of the animated object itself, or just the loading of the page on which the animation was created. Now you’ll do some exploring, so you can see how easy it is to make simple objects do your bidding. On Page Load The default animation-triggering event is the simplest: The animation plays when the reader reaches the page (or opens the document, if the page is the first—or only—page). 1. Launch InDesign, navigate to the Ch_4_Exercises folder, and open Events_Start.indd. Before changing anything in the file, resave the file as Events_Working.indd. If necessary, choose the Interactive workspace from the Control panel (unless you have a custom panel arrangement for the interactive panels and don’t want to alter that). 2. Notice the caption beneath each object, describing the trigger that will set the object’s animation in motion (Figure 4.5). Select one of the objects and look in the Animation panel; nobody home. You’ll create the anima- tions and set up the event triggers. If you’re curious, you can preview a finished version of the file in the exercises folder (Events_Done.indd). On Page LOad On Page CLiCk On CLiCk (seLf) On ROLL OveR (seLf) On ButtOn event 3. Select the green globe with the “On Page Load” caption and open the Animation panel. Rename the object GreenGlobe. (It’s helpful to give objects names you’ll recognize when you set up animations.) While each object in this page is unique, how would you address the correct circle in a page full of circles? By its name, of course. By the way, renaming the object in the Animation panel also changes its name in the Layers panel (and vice versa). Figure 4.5 The caption under each object specifies the event that will trigger the object’s animation. You’ll create each animation behavior and set up the event triggers. Chapter 4 Animation56 4. In the Animation panel, choose Fly in from Top from the Preset pull-down menu. A charming lavender butterfly demonstrates the animation for you. The Event option should already be set to the default, On Page Load (Figure 4.6). If you don’t see all the options, click the triangle to the left of Properties to reveal more of the panel. Leave all the other options at their defaults. Check the results in the Preview panel (Window > Interactive > Preview). Save the file and keep it open. There’s more fun to be had. Figure 4.6 Set the GreenGlobe object to fly in from the top of the page on page load. On Page Click You may find that you rarely use the On Page Click event as a trigger for animation, since a reader probably wouldn’t feel the urge to click the page unless invited to do so. Artwork or text would have to give the reader a hint, or nothing would ever happen. But you never know when it might come in handy, so here goes. 1. Select the embossed orange square, and then choose Fly Out > Fly Out Top from the Preset pull-down menu (the Fly Out Top option is available in the submenu of the Fly Out option). Events 57 2. The Events pull-down menu control isn’t obvious; it’s a tiny triangle about an inch to the right of the Event(s) label in the Animation panel, and it comprises about six pixels. Squint a bit, and you’ll find it (Figure 4.7). The triangle is a small target, but you can activate it by clicking the name of the existing event: On Page Load. (You can also click a bit to the left of the pull-down triangle and activate it.) Figure 4.7 The Event options are available when you click the tiny triangle to the right of the Event(s) option. Could it be any more subtle? Once you’ve found the miniature triangle, click it and choose On Page Click from the menu. 3. IMPORTANT: Choosing the On Page Click option does not override the original On Page Load trigger; this is easy to overlook when you’re in a hurry. Go back to the same menu and select On Page Load to toggle it off . Otherwise, the orange square will fly upward when the page loads, before the user has an opportunity to click the page, thus spoiling the surprise. In the Preview panel, wait for the green globe to fly in from the top, and then click in the Preview panel to set the orange square in motion. Be sure to click in an empty part of the page (despite the temptation to click on the orange square) to prove to yourself that it’s the page click that does the trick. Save the file and keep it open. On Click (Self) If you want the reader to click on an object to wake it up, use the On Click (Self) event. The term may seem odd; after all, the object can’t click itself. But it just means that the animation is triggered by clicking the object itself, rather than by clicking an external trigger. 1. Select the red heart-shaped object, and change its name to Heart in the Animation panel. Choose the Pulse animation from the Preset pull-down (it’s in the bottom part of the long list of presets). 2. Now that you’ve found the elusive Events pull-down triangle, choose the On Click (Self) option. Be sure to go back and toggle the default On Page Load option off . Chapter 4 Animation58 3. Test the file in the Preview panel; click the heart and watch it beat hyp- notically. If you like, experiment with the duration of the pulse, and set the number of times to 2 or 3. Remember this around Valentine’s Day (or Halloween). Save the file and keep it open. As with the On Page Click option, something has to lure the reader to click on the object to trigger its animation. While a “Click Me!” label might be a bit inelegant, something must provide a hint, or the heart will never have a chance to beat. On Roll Over (Self) Now that you know that “(Self)” refers to the animated object itself, it’s obvi- ous that the On Roll Over (Self) event triggers an animation when the reader rolls over the animated object. You’ll use the rollover event to make the blue half-circle spin around. 1. Select the blue object, and change its name to HalfCircle in the Animation panel. Choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, and then choose the Rotate > Rotate 180° CW option from the Preset pull-down menu. Remember to toggle the On Page Load event off. Test the half-circle in the Preview panel. 2. Try holding the mouse on the half-circle, and you’ll see that the half-circle keeps rotating. That’s one oddity about using the rollover event as the trigger for an animation that keeps an object in the same location: If the user doesn’t move the mouse away from the object, the animation is repeatedly triggered. Save the file and keep it open. Note that when you choose the On Roll Over (Self) event, a new option appears in the Animation panel: Reverse on Roll Off. This would reverse (or undo) the animation move caused by the Roll Over event. For example, if the Reverse on Roll Off option is checked and you rotate an object 90 degrees clockwise by rolling over it, the object will rotate back to its original orienta- tion when you roll off it. On Button Event One of the most common methods you’ll use to trigger an animation is a button click. You must create the animation (even if it’s just a temporary version of the animation) before setting up the button, or the button has nothing to hook up to. (In Chapter 5, “Button Up,” you’ll learn how to create cool button artwork in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign.) Events 59 1. Select the purple doughnut shape. Name it Doughnut in the Animation panel, and select the Grow option from the Preset pull-down. Set the scale factor to 150%, and choose the On Page Load event to toggle it off, in preparation for triggering the growing animation with a button. 2. Select the gray button in the bottom right corner of the page, and open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons) to set it up. Choose the default On Release event, and click the plus sign next to Actions to select Animation (in the SWF section of the menu). 3. Note that when you select the Animation action, the panel changes in response, adding a pull-down menu that allows you to select which ani- mation is triggered, and to select from options including Play, Stop, Pause, and Resume. Select the Doughnut animation and the default Play option. Test the file in the Preview panel. Export the file if you’d like to view it in a browser. You’re finished with this exercise, so you can save the file for future reference and then close it. Think about how the animated piece is presented, either in the Preview panel or in a browser. You knew where and what to click, because you were adding the interactive features. But would a reader, stumbling onto your Web page, know where to click? احتمالا نه. This exercise was meant to familiarize you with the controls and options, not to create a final piece that would be pub- lished online. But when you start creating your own animations, you’ll have to provide hints to the reader so they don’t miss out on some of the fun, especially if the animated objects are hidden when the reader first views the document. Combining Animations If you were intrigued by the multiple behaviors of the object on page 6 of the Animation Encyclopedia, but don’t have the time or inclination to learn scripting, you can cheat. I mean, use a workaround. An animated object can be grouped with other objects, and then the group can be animated, resulting in a second behavior added to the original animation. Buttons can be grouped with other objects in a group that becomes animated, giving you the ability to make buttons move. You can keep nesting animations inside animations until… well, as long as your conscience will allow. 1. In the Ch_4_Exercises folder, open MultiMoveStart.indd. Resave the file as MultiMoveWorking.indd in the same folder. The objects in the page have already been named in the Layers panel, which will save you some TIP: You can also create a relationship between the ani- mation and the button right in the Animation panel. Click the Create Button Trigger icon ( ) in the Animation panel, and then click the button that will act as the trigger. If the trig- ger object is not yet a button, you’re given the opportunity to make it a button. Chapter 4 Animation60 time (approximately half a second) when you animate them. If you like, preview the finished version of the project, MultiMoveDone.indd. 2. Select the yellow star with a solid red stroke. In the Animation panel, choose the Grow preset, set the Duration to 2 seconds, and set the final scale factor to 200%. Be sure that the center point is selected in the scale orientation control ( ) in the Animation panel, so the star scales up from the center. Test the growing star in the Preview panel. 3. Select the light-blue square, and send it behind the star in stacking order: Object > Arrange > Send to Back. Select the light-blue square and center it under the yellow star (Smart Guides can make this easy). If you’re not sure the blue square and yellow star are perfectly centered, select them both, open the Align panel (Window > Object & Layout > Align), and use the vertical and horizontal center operations (Figure 4.8). It’s even easier to use the alignment icons in the Control panel. Figure 4.8 Make sure the yellow star is perfectly centered on the blue square by clicking the Align Horizontal Centers icon and then the Align Vertical Centers icon in the Align panel. 4. Now you’ll start piling on the animations. Group the blue square and yellow star together, and snap the group to the lower-left corner of the page. In the Animation panel, rename the group StarSquare, choose the Fly In From Top preset, and set the Duration to 2 seconds. The intention is to have the star-and-square group drop in from the top of the page, while the star scales simultaneously. But when you preview the anima- tion, it clearly needs more work. You need to modify the length of the fly-in from the top of the page, as well as synchronize the fly-in and the scaling of the star. Events 61 5. If necessary, reselect the group so you can see the bright green fly-in path (Figure 4.9). Notice that it has little nodes. Yes, this means that you can edit any motion path. Click the path (the “bulb” at the top is probably the easiest target), and you’ll see a narrow bounding box appear around the path. The goal is to stretch the top anchor point on the path up to the top edge of the page. Pull up on the top anchor point—and it snaps back to its original position. ارغ! (This is a peculiarity of the Fly in from Top and Fly in from Bottom presets.) Here’s the trick: Switch to the Direct Selection tool (white arrow). The bounding box disappears, and the motion path now appears as a hairline. Click on the tiny top anchor point, hold down the Shift key (lest the path wander left or right), and drag straight up until you touch the top edge of the page. You can also set up the length and position of the motion path in the measurements fields in the Control panel, but you may find selecting and dragging easier and more intuitive. 6. The star should grow as the star-and-square group falls from the top of the page, so you’ll have to synchronize the star’s growth with the square’s fall. Switch back to the black arrow, and reselect the group. In the Timing panel, Shift-click to select both the tacky star and StarSquare anima- tions, and click the link icon to synchronize them (Figure 4.10). Now, the scaling of the star and the group’s aerial drop will occur simultaneously. Preview the results, save the file, and keep it open for the grand finale. Figure 4.10 Select the tacky star and StarSquare animations and synchronize them by clicking on the small link icon at the bottom of the Timing panel. 7. Now you’ll add another animation, to send the star-and-square group flying off the page to the right. Select the empty rectangle on the page, and move it to the lower-left corner so it’s aligned with the star-and-square group; the lower-left corner of the group should be aligned with the lower-left corner of the page. Select all the objects and group them (Object > Group). TIP: There’s a shortcut to the Timing panel at the bottom of the Animation panel: Just click the Timing panel icon ( ). Figure 4.9 The anchor points provide a hint that you can edit the motion path just like any other Bézier path. Chapter 4 Animation62 8. In the Animation panel, name the new group FinalGroup, and choose the Fly Out > Fly Out Right preset. You’ll have to edit the preset motion path so that the FinalGroup flies all the way off the right side of the page. 9. If necessary, select the FinalGroup object so you can see its bright-green motion path. Unlike the Fly in from Top motion path, this path can be edited without switching to the Direct Selection tool (only the Fly In from Top and Fly In from Bottom presets have this limitation). Select the path itself, click the green arrowhead on the end of the path, and drag the arrow- head to the right until it’s far enough off the page that the star-and-square group will disappear at the end of its travel. Look up in the Control panel; the total length of the path (the “L” field) should be about 425 px. 10. You’ll make one last change; rather than having the star-and-square group fade out as it exits, you’ll keep it solid. In the Animation panel, change the Opacity setting from Fade Out to None. Preview the final animation, tweak if you want, and then save and close the file. This is just a simple example, but it gives you an idea of what’s possible with- out learning how to script InDesign. I don’t mean to imply that this is a good thing to do, from a design standpoint; this is one of those “just because you can, doesn’t mean you should” situations. The potential for garish, annoying animations is limitless. I feel guilty even showing this to you (you’re welcome). Motion Presets As you probably noticed while working through the previous exercises, InDesign includes an extensive assortment of motion presets to get your content moving (Figure 4.11). The presets are the same ones you’ll find in Adobe Flash CS5 Professional, and you can also import any custom presets that have been created in Flash Professional. You can create custom motion presets in InDesign, save them for future use, and share them with other InDesign users or Flash designers. There’s just no end to the flying, dancing, bouncing fun you can have with motion settings. TIP: Sometimes it’s easier to modify the behavior of an animation if you choose the Animation Proxy view mode. Click the Animation Proxy icon on the bottom of the Animation panel ( ) to see “ghosts” of the object at the start and end points of the animation path. Motion Presets 63 Figure 4.11 How many motion presets ship with InDesign? Feast your eyes. And restrain yourself—you don’t have to use every single one in your project. The motion presets below the dividing line include special effects such as multiple stops or disappearing in smoke. But maybe that’s not enough for you. Maybe you want more. Motion Paths If you want to make an object move along a more interesting path than just straight up or left to right, it’s surprisingly easy to do: You just have to draw the path you want the object to follow. You can use the Line tool, the Pen tool, or the Pencil tool—anything that creates a Bézier path. The path can be a simple straight line or a complicated curlicue. The stroke attributes of the line aren’t important; its appearance is discarded once it’s designated as a motion path. Chapter 4 Animation64 Creating a Custom Motion Preset In this exercise, you’ll work on a child’s birthday party invitation, modifying existing presets and saving them as custom presets. You will also be creating several custom motion paths and saving their settings as custom presets. 1. Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, and open InviteStart.indd. Resave the file as InviteWorking.indd in the same folder. If you want to see the finished file, open InviteDone.indd and preview it. 2. In the Layers panel, make sure the Moon layer is selected and unlocked. Select the Line tool ( ), and draw a diagonal line from the center of the blue moon to the upper-right corner of the page (Figure 4.12). Leave some room for the moon to grow larger as it rises. Figure 4.12 Using the Line tool, start at the center of the moon, and drag up to the upper-right corner of the page. Don’t go all the way to the corner; leave some room for the moon to grow larger. 3. Now you’ll convert the diagonal line to a motion path. Select both the path and the moon, and click the Convert to Motion Path icon ( ) at the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 2 seconds ■ Speed: Ease Out ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 150% ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated Motion Presets 65 These settings will hide the moon until it begins to rise and grow larger. If necessary, tweak the length and angle of the path—you have to allow for the increase in the diameter of the moon so it isn’t cropped by the edge of the page. 4. Lock the Moon layer, and click the visibility control by the Once in a Blue Moon layer to make it visible. Select the layer to target it. 5. Using either the Pen or the Pencil tool, create a curved path that will bring the “Once in a Blue Moon” text in along a short counterclockwise arc (Figure 4.13). Start below the text, and end the curved path near the center of the text. You’ll designate this path as a motion path after you choose the initial motion preset. Figure 4.13 Create a short, counterclockwise arc to guide the blue text up to the top of the page. 6. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade In preset as a start, and use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 2.5 seconds ■ Speed: From Preset ■ Animate: To Current Location ■ Animate Scale: 120% ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated 7. Select the arc path and the text (which have already been converted to outlines), and click the Convert to Motion Path icon at the bottom of the Animation panel. Chapter 4 Animation66 8. The moon should start rising, followed by the appearance of the text. Use the Timing panel to control when each component plays. Select both animations in the Timing panel, and click the Play Together link at the bottom of the panel (Figure 4.14). (Ignore the existing animation in the Timing panel; it will make its appearance later in the exercise.) Preview the animation, save the file, and keep it open. Figure 4.14 Synchronize the moonrise and the blue text so they play together. 9. Now you’ll create a motion path and save it as a custom preset that you can use for other objects. Hide the Party, Once in a Blue Moon, and Moon layers. Reveal the Balloons layer, and select it to target it. With the Pen or Pencil tool, create an S-shaped path that starts at the center of the green-and-purple balloon and stops short of the top of the page (Figure 4.15). You’ll probably want to tweak the path after you test the animation; you want the balloon to float upward, but not off the page. Remember that the stroke attributes of the path aren’t important; it becomes invisible once it’s designated as a motion path. Figure 4.15 Create an S-shaped path for the green-and-purple balloon to follow as it floats upward. Motion Presets 67 10. Select the balloon and the path, and click the Convert to Motion Path icon at the bottom of the Animation panel. Use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 3 seconds ■ Speed: None ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 100% ■ Opacity: Fade Out 11. To save the balloon motion as a motion preset, choose Save from the Animation panel menu. Name the motion preset Balloon Float in the Save Preset dialog (Figure 4.16) and click OK. Figure 4.16 Name your new motion preset. 1 2. Now you’ll apply the new custom motion preset to the other balloon. Select the purple-and-yellow balloon, and choose the Balloon Float pre- set in the Animation panel; notice that it’s displayed in a separate part of the Preset pull-down menu, near the top. That’s where your custom presets will appear. Examine the settings. Everything you specified for the first balloon has been stored in the preset, giving you a big head start on the second balloon. Change one thing: Set the Opacity to None, so the second balloon doesn’t fade out. 1 3. Preview the animation. Reposition the purple-and-yellow balloon if it flies off the left side of the page. If you wish to edit the balloon’s motion path, select the balloon, then switch to the white arrow and select the motion path. Once it’s selected, you can move, add, or delete anchor points to change its travel. Such edits will not alter the custom motion preset you created—the changes will apply just to this balloon’s animation. 1 4. It would be nice if the second balloon appeared in front of the text at the top of the invitation. In the Layers panel, turn the visibility of the Once in a Blue Moon layer back on, and unlock the layer. Select the purple- and-yellow balloon in the Balloons layer, and use the small blue target square in the Balloons layer to push the balloon up to the topmost layer (Figure 4.17). Chapter 4 Animation68 Figure 4.17 Move the purple- and-yellow balloon up to the Once in a Blue Moon layer by pushing the blue target square up to the top layer. 1 5. Reveal the Party layer, and select the “We Have a Party” text. In the Animation panel, choose the Fade In preset and use the following settings: ■ Event: On Page Load ■ Duration: 3.5 seconds ■ Speed: From Preset ■ Animate: From Current Appearance ■ Animate Scale: 200% ■ Opacity: Fade In ■ Visibility: Hide Until Animated 1 6. Finally, reveal all layers. The text in the You’re Invited layer has already been animated. All you have to do is slightly rearrange the order in the Timing panel and link most of the animations together. 1 7. In the Timing panel, drag the Invited.ai animation to the bottom of the list. Drag balloon.ai and balloon2.ai up in the timing list so they’re just below BlueMoon.ai (Figure 4.18). Select all of the animations except Invited.ai, and link them so they start together on page load. They have different durations, so they don’t all finish simultaneously. Preview the animation, save the file, and keep it open. Figure 4.18 Arrange the animations in the Timing panel as shown. Link all the animations except Invited.ai. Motion Presets 69 Exporting and Importing Motion Presets Motion presets are not document-specific. When you save a preset, it be- comes part of InDesign’s arsenal for all documents. You should save the Balloon Float preset in case you ever need it again. 1. From the Animation panel menu, choose Manage Presets. Select the Balloon Float preset at the top of the list, and then click the Save As button. You can save motion presets anywhere; they’re just XML files. Navigate to the Motion Presets folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, name the preset BalloonFloat.xml, and click Save. You have to save pre- sets one at a time, so if you want to store multiple custom presets, you’ll have to export them like this, one by one. Keep the Manage Presets dialog open for the next step. 2. So you’ll know how to import custom motion presets, you’ll delete the Balloon Float preset and then re-import it. Select the Balloon Float pre- set and click the Delete button. InDesign warns you that there is no undo for this move (Figure 4.19); روی OK کلیک کنید. Figure 4.19 InDesign warns you that deleting a motion preset in the Manage Presets dialog cannot be undone. 3 . Back in the Manage Presets dialog, click the Load button, navigate to the folder where you saved the BalloonFloat.xml file, select the file, and click Open. Although you must save presets one at a time, you can load mul- tiple motion presets at once. Preview the file one last time, and tweak any- thing you’d like to change. You’re finished with this exercise; you can close the file. In this exercise, you played with a number of motion presets, learned how to create and use a motion path, and learned how to save and load custom mo- tion presets. You should feel more familiar with the controls in the Animation panel and the wonderful selection of motion presets InDesign gives you. You should also be starting to get a sense of how you can combine durations and animation order in the Timing panel to make things happen when you want. And it’s all pretty easy, isn’t it? Chapter 4 Animation70 Page Transitions As the user navigates from page to page in your project, it’s (usually) obvious to them that they’re reading through a multipage document. If you provide buttons that lead them to the next page, they’ll click on a “next page” button and the current page will be replaced by the next one (more about that in the next chapter). But if you’d like a fancier transition from one page to another, you might want to explore InDesign’s built-in page transitions. You may have seen the default Page Curl (way too cute), but there are others. 1. In the Page Transitions folder inside the Ch_4_Exercises folder, open Paintings.indd. Resave the file as PaintingsWorking.indd in the same folder. Drag on the corner of the Preview panel so that you can more eas- ily experiment with the default page curl, and set it to Preview Document mode ( ). If necessary, click the Play triangle in the bottom left corner of the Preview panel to render the document. Hover your cursor over the upper-right or lower-right corner of the cover page of the project, and you’ll see the “paper” start to curl, much like a real magazine page. Hold down the mouse button and keep dragging toward the left side of the Preview window, and the experience is much like turning the page in a magazine printed on very thin paper (Figure 4.20). In fact, you may find it difficult to let go of the page in order to complete the transition to the next page— it’s sort of like that scene in National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation when Chevy Chase is trying to read a magazine with pine sap on his hands. You’ll be relieved to know that the experience is much better in the exported SWF. Figure 4.20 The default SWF page curl is similar to turning pages in a printed magazine. NOTE: If the page curl effect isn’t working in the Preview panel, choose Edit Preview Settings from the Preview panel menu, and make sure that the Include Interactive Page Curl option is checked. You may have to refresh the Preview panel by Alt/Option-clicking the play icon on the bottom of the panel. Page Transitions 71 2. Launch your default Web browser, choose File > Open File, navigate to the PaintingsExport folder inside the Page Transitions folder, and open Paintings.html. Try turning the pages in your Web browser, and you should find that the page-turning behavior is much more natural. When you drag far enough toward the opposite side of the screen, the page should turn—and stay that way. Note that the page turn works whether you are paging forward or backward in the project, but only works when you click the corners, not on the straight edges of the page. 3. Return to InDesign so you can explore more page transition options. If you rely on the page curl to take a reader from page to page, you may find you don’t need navigation buttons in a simple document. But you’ll have to make sure they know to peel the pages by the corners, and that isn’t obvious. You may decide that, however cute the page curl might be, you’d still like to provide buttons as a more obvious method of turning pages. But that doesn’t mean you can’t still entertain the user during the page- turning experience. It’s time to experiment with page transitions. In the Layers panel, reveal the Nav Buttons layer; “next page” and “previous page” buttons have already been created for you. 4. In the Pages panel, select all seven page thumbnails. From the Pages panel menu, select Page Transitions > Choose to see the dozen page transition effects available (Figure 4.21). The examples themselves are animated; roll your cursor over one of the options to see the transition in action. Choose the Dissolve transition by clicking the radio button under its example, and click OK. Figure 4.21 Page transition options. Roll over each option, and the example becomes animated to show you the effect. Note the option to apply to all spreads. All page transitions translate to interactive PDF except the Page Turn transition. Chapter 4 Animation72 5. If necessary, set the Preview panel to Preview Document mode. In the Preview panel menu, choose Edit Preview Settings and turn off the Include Interactive Page Curl option (Figure 4.22); the Page Curl option is on by default. Having the curl won’t prevent your page transition effects from working, but the cumulative effect of the Dissolve transition, the page curl, and the navigation buttons would probably be sensory overload for a reader. As they attempted to click the navigation button for the next page, the page would unexpectedly curl, then dissolve... well, it would just be too much. There’s something to be said for restraint. Figure 4.22 To test page transitions, turn off the Include Interactive Page Curl option. Remember this option if you do want the page curl and wonder why it isn’t working (the option is on by default). Click through the document in the Preview panel; what do you think of the Dissolve transition? 6. If the twelve page transitions aren’t enough, you can customize the behavior of the transitions to shake things up (Figure 4.23). Open the Page Transitions panel (Window > Page Transitions), and select the Push transition. Click the Direction pull-down to see the options, and select the Right Up option. Click the Speed pull-down to see that you can choose from Slow, Medium, and Fast. Leave the Speed option at the default: Medium. Click the Apply to All Spreads icon in the lower-right corner of the panel, and check the results in the Preview panel. NOTE: During export to SWF, you’re given the choice of using a Paper color or Transparent background. If you choose the Transparent option, all page transitions (including the page curl) are disabled. If your page transitions aren’t working, export settings are the likely culprits. Page Transitions 73 Figure 4.23 You can customize page transitions by changing the speed and direction. Click the Apply to All Spreads icon (circled) if you neglected to select all spreads beforehand. Experiment with other transitions; edit them to see what works best for this document. You can even apply a different transition to each page. (Remember: just because you can, that doesn’t mean you should. Control the urge.) Pages with a transition assigned will display a small icon in the Pages panel (Figure 4.24). You can also choose page transitions from Layout > Pages > Page Transitions > Choose (they just hide these little goodies everywhere, don’t they?). Figure 4.24 A small icon (circled) indicates which pages have been assigned page transitions. 7. Even if you pull on the corners of the Preview panel for a larger preview, you should still export to SWF and view the results in a browser for the full effect. What looks amusing in the Preview panel may prove to be overwhelming at full size in the final state. Decide on the page transition (or transitions) that you feel would be suitable for this small catalog of an artist’s work, and choose File > Export. Choose Flash Player (SWF) for Chapter 4 Animation74 the format, and navigate to the folder named Paintings (Your Version) inside the Page Transitions folder. Name the SWF Paintings.swf. In the export dialog, use the following settings: ■ Generate HTML File: This enables you to view directly in a browser. ■ View SWF after Exporting: Automatically displays the SWF in your default browser. ■ Scale: 100% ■ Background: Paper Color—even though the project has a charcoal gray background; if you check Transparent, page transitions won’t be included. ■ Page Transitions: From Document, to preserve your choices. Note that you can select a transition from the pull-down menu, though, and override existing page transitions during export. ■ Options: Uncheck the option to Include Interactive Page Curl. 8. Page through the Paintings project in your browser and see what you think. Do you like the transition (or transitions) you chose? Do the page transitions enhance the reader’s experience, or do they compete for the reader’s attention, detracting from the paintings, which are the central subjects? You might even decide to dispense with the fancy transitions after all, and just let the reader move sedately from page to page using the navigation buttons. این به شما بستگی دارد. If you want to remove all page transitions and start over, select a page thumb- nail (or multiple thumbnails) in the Pages panel and, from the panel menu, choose Page Transitions > Clear All. If you want to disable the page transition for a single page, the easiest way is to select the page thumbnail in the Pages panel, then right-click (Mac: Control-click) and choose Page Transitions > Clear Page Transition from the contextual menu. TIP: Some of the animation effects may behave oddly when combined with a page transi- tion—especially the page curl effect. You’ll get your first hint in the Preview panel. As you page through the project in the Preview panel, if animations are not appearing, or are behaving unexpectedly, test the file by exporting to SWF and preview- ing in a browser. You may find that you have to dispense with either the animation or the as- signed page transition. Some of the more common animation offenders are Fade In, Appear, Zoom in 2D, Swoosh, and the Fly-in presets. It’s just One Of Those Things you’ll have to con- sider as you start creating more adventurous projects. The easi- est way to combat this problem is to make it a habit to rely on buttons to navigate to the next or previous page, disabling all transitions, and let your anima- tion imagination run wild. Chapter 5 Buttons aren’t just decorations (although they can be pretty cute); they really make things happen in your interactive projects. Buttons can trigger animations, jump from page to page in a project, and create rollover effects. They can provide precise control over events, and they can provide visible hints to the reader to click here to make something happen. Button Up Chapter 5 Button Up76 Buttons in interactive documents are very much like real-life buttons: They’re intended to trigger an action that is already available, such as turning a device on or off. In some cases, though, you can create a button in anticipation of its use, such as a button with a “next page” action attached, even though you haven’t yet created all the pages of the document. But in any case, a button acts on some- thing else. A video plays whether it’s triggered by a separate button, or by directly clicking the video. The button needs a video to trigger; you might think of the button as part of a partnership. In this chapter, we’ll first look at the button triggers that make something happen (and all the events buttons can trigger), and then you’ll explore the ways you can control the appearance of buttons. Button Events Buttons have six active behaviors (which InDesign calls “events”) that can act as triggers for actions. Since two of those behaviors work only in exported PDFs, we’ll concentrate on using the four events that work as triggers in exported SWF files: ■ On Release. This is the instant the user releases the mouse button after clicking, and it’s when users expect something to happen. This is the most commonly used trigger. ■ On Click. This is the bottom of a click, and it’s usually a bit premature to be used as a trigger, since it will usually catch users by surprise. ■ On Roll Over. The button area is actually a hot spot. You can trigger events by just moving your cursor over the button area. This is usually used to trigger remote rollover events, such as causing a graphic to appear or prompting an animation to play. ■ On Roll Off. This is the moment when your cursor leaves the hot spot area of the button. This option is usually used in tandem with the On Roll Over trigger to hide a graphic that was revealed by On Roll Over. For the record, here are the button events that only work in PDFs (all events described above work in both SWF and PDF export): ■ On Focus. This is similar to the On Roll Over event, but is usually accom- plished by tabbing from another field into the button area. This is sometimes used in Acrobat forms to trigger an event as the user tabs through the fields in the form. The On Focus moment occurs when the tabbing lands the focus on the target button area. Button Events 77 ■ On Blur. Similar to On Roll Off, this is the moment when a user tabs away from the button (again, usually in an Acrobat form). Note that neither On Focus nor On Blur works in SWF export, so save them for documents that will be exported to interactive PDF. Button States Up. پایین. Rollover. Button states sound a bit like dog tricks, don’t they? In fact, button states are very similar to dog tricks. Let’s compare: Trick Dog Button Up ■ ■ Down ■ ■ Rollover ■ ■ Fetch ■ Play Animation ■ As you can see, each has its advantages. While a dog can fetch, a button can trigger an animation (and, as an added bonus, buttons don’t shed). A button’s default state is labeled Normal, while its down state is referred to as Click by InDesign. (Acrobat refers to the default state as Up.) It might be helpful to explore a simple file showing the On Release, On Click, On Roll Over, and On Roll Off events. If you haven’t already copied the Ch_5_Exercises folder from the tutorial disc, do so now. 1. Navigate to the Ch_5_Exercises folder, and then to the ButtonTriggers folder. Launch a Web browser and open the file ButtonTriggers.html (or, if you have Adobe Media Player, launch it and view the ButtonTriggers.swf file directly). 2. Click the red capsule-shaped button at the top of the file. When you release the mouse button at the end of the click, a picture appears to the right of the button. This is what users expect, and On Release is the trigger you’ll use most often. 3. Click the blue button. When you’ve fully pressed the mouse button down (but before you’ve released it), the picture disappears. The On Click trigger seems a bit sudden, doesn’t it? Consequently, you may find that you rarely use the On Click trigger. Chapter 5 Button Up78 4. Roll your mouse over the red shirt button at the bottom, and you’ll notice several things. First, the artwork isn’t a dull standard button; it was created in Illustrator to look like a real-life shirt button. As you mouse over the button, it changes color and shows a green glow. The mouseover causes the image of a lion sculpture to appear, and mousing away from the button causes the image to disappear. This is because the button has separate actions attached to the Roll Over and Roll Off states. 5. Now you’ll examine the InDesign file that created the ButtonTriggers.swf file that you’ve been viewing. Close the Web browser or Adobe Media Player and, if necessary, launch InDesign CS5. In the ButtonTriggers folder, open ButtonTriggers.indd. This is the InDesign file that generated the SWF file. You’ll explore the InDesign file to see how the buttons were set up. Later in this chapter you’ll create your own buttons. Save the file as ButtonTriggersWorking.indd in the ButtonTriggers folder. 6. Open the Buttons panel (Window > Interactive > Buttons). Select the red button at the top of the page with the Selection tool (black arrow), and examine the settings in the Buttons panel (Figure 5.1). ■ Event. The On Release option means that the requested action is trig- gered at the moment the user releases the mouse button (at the