Our major purpose in developing this volume evolved as we at tempted to integrate and adapt various approaches to the systematic study of families faced with normative and non-normative family stressors and crises. As researchers, we were concerned that many of our colleagues were faced with the same dilemma, that is, at tempting to conduct research, build theory and practice in a field that lacked integration and which appeared to be a hodgepodge of partial theories and perspectives on families under stress. In organizing this anthology, we attempted to identify those critical arenas of family research and theory building which showed the most promise of promoting our knowledge of families under stress, of advancing efforts to integrate the psychological, social psychological, and sociological theories of stress and coping, and which would set the stage for future scientific inquiry in this do main. As we have become more familiar with the breadth of research in this area (McCubbin, Joy, Cauble, Comeau, Patterson & Needle, 1980), we have become increasingly cognizant of the most salient dimensions of family stress research which have in turn guided the development of this edited volume. We anticipate that these chapters will aid researchers, theoreticians, and practitioners in their efforts to develop more integrated and effective research strategies to understand families under stress
چکیده فارسی
هدف اصلی ما از توسعه این جلد زمانی تکامل یافت که ما وسوسه شدیم رویکردهای مختلف را با مطالعه سیستماتیک خانواده‌هایی که با استرس‌ها و بحران‌های خانوادگی هنجاری و غیرهنجاری مواجه هستند، ادغام و تطبیق دهیم. به عنوان محقق، ما نگران این بودیم که بسیاری از همکارانمان با همین معضل مواجه شوند، یعنی وسوسه انجام تحقیق، ساختن نظریه و عمل در زمینه‌ای که فاقد یکپارچگی است و به نظر می‌رسد انبوهی از نظریه‌ها و دیدگاه‌های جزئی در مورد آن باشد. خانواده های تحت استرس در سازماندهی این مجموعه، ما سعی کردیم آن عرصه‌های حیاتی پژوهش و نظریه‌سازی خانواده را شناسایی کنیم که بیشترین نوید را در ارتقای دانش ما از خانواده‌های تحت استرس، پیشرفت تلاش‌ها برای ادغام نظریه‌های روان‌شناختی، روان‌شناختی اجتماعی و جامعه‌شناختی استرس و مقابله را نشان می‌دهد. و زمینه را برای تحقیقات علمی آینده در این do main فراهم می کند. همانطور که با گستردگی تحقیقات در این زمینه بیشتر آشنا شده ایم (مک کوبین، جوی، کابل، کومئو، پترسون و نیدل، 1980)، به طور فزاینده ای با برجسته ترین ابعاد تحقیقات استرس خانواده آشنا شده ایم که به نوبه خود هدایتگر توسعه این جلد ویرایش شده ما پیش‌بینی می‌کنیم که این فصل‌ها به محققان، نظریه‌پردازان و پزشکان در تلاش‌هایشان برای توسعه استراتژی‌های تحقیقاتی یکپارچه‌تر و مؤثرتر برای درک خانواده‌های تحت استرس کمک کند
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n reviewing family stress research since the advent of Hill’s AB CX family crisis model (1949, 1958) and Burr’s (1973) synthesis of family stress research (McCubbin, Joy, Cauble, Comeau, Patter son, & Needle, 1980; see Klein, Chapter 4), it would appear that family outcomes following the impact of a stressor and a crisis are the by-product of multiple factors in interaction with each other. This would suggest that one productive research and theory building strategy for studying family adaptation to normative and non- normative crises would be to employ a multivariate model where psychological, intra-familial, and social variables identified from prior family stress studies would be addressed simultaneously. By so doing, the individual and collective contributions of these variables could be ascertained. The central research questions for family stress investigations then become how much and what kinds of stressors; mediated by what personal, family, and community resources and by what family coping responses; and what family processes shape the course and ease of family adjustment and adap tation over time.
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