لایب سان

Preface .................................................................................................................vii 1 Overview of Key Properties and Underlying Principles.................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 1 1.2 Key Properties ..................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Short-term Temperature Performance ..................................... 2 1.2.2 Long-term Temperature Performance...................................... 5 1.2.3 Chemical Resistance................................................................ 6 1.2.4 Radiation Resistance............................................................... 8 1.2.5 Fire, Smoke and Toxicity......................................................... 9 1.2.6 Mechanical Performance....................................................... 10 1.2.7 Purity and Outgassing........................................................... 13 1.2.8 Electrical Properties .............................................................. 14 1.2.9 Colour and Colour Measurement ......................................... 15 1.3 Structural Characterisation................................................................ 15 1.4 Processing Considerations ................................................................. 18 1.4.1 Economics............................................................................. 18 1.4.2 Metals versus Plastics............................................................ 19 1.4.3 Melt Flow ............................................................................. 20 1.4.4 Crystallisation and Crystallinity............................................ 21 1.4.5 Dimensional Tolerances and Stability.................................... 23 1.4.6 Recycling .............................................................................. 24 1.5 Property Improvement....................................................................... 24 1.5.1 Reinforcements, Fillers and Additives ................................... 24 1.5.2 Continuous-fibre Thermoplastic Composites ........................ 27 1.5.3 Blends ................................................................................... 28 Contents iv Contents 1.6 Food Contact and Medical Devices ................................................... 29 1.6.1 Food Contact........................................................................ 29 1.6.2 Medical Devices.................................................................... 29 1.7 Notes and Caveats on Reading the Materials Chapters...................... 30 2 Polyarylethersulfones and Polyaryletherimides............................................ 33 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 33 2.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 33 2.2.1 Polyethersulfones .................................................................. 33 2.2.2 Polyetherimides..................................................................... 36 2.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 38 2.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 43 3 Semi-Aromatic Polyamides (Polyphthalamides)........................................... 47 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 47 3.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing Processes............................................ 47 3.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 50 3.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 53 4 Polyphenylene Sulfide .................................................................................. 57 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 57 4.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing Processes............................................ 57 4.3 Product Forms, Properties and Processing ......................................... 59 4.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 61 5 Polyaryetherketones .................................................................................... 65 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 65 5.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 65 5.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 67 5.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 70 6 Polyamideimides.......................................................................................... 75 6.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 75 6.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 75 v Contents 6.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 76 6.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 78 7 Polyimides................................................................................................... 81 7.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 81 7.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 81 7.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 84 7.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 85 8 Polybenzimidazole....................................................................................... 87 8.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 87 8.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 87 8.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 89 8.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 90 9 Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polyesters................................................. 93 9.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 93 9.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing........................................................... 93 9.3 Properties and Processing .................................................................. 95 9.4 Applications ...................................................................................... 97 10 Polyphenylenes.......................................................................................... 101 10.1 Introduction .................................................................................... 101 10.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing......................................................... 101 10.3 Product Forms, Properties and Processing ....................................... 102 10.4 Applications .................................................................................... 104 11 Perfluoropolymers..................................................................................... 107 11.1 Introduction .................................................................................... 107 11.2 Chemistry and Manufacturing......................................................... 107 11.3 Structure-property Relationships in Perfluorpolymers...................... 108 11.4 Properties and Processing ................................................................ 110 11.5 Applications .................................................................................... 112 Abbreviations .....................................................................................................115 Index ..................................................................................................................117

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