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Ebook details:
عنوان: Introduction to Criminology: Theories, Methods, and Criminal Behavior
نویسنده: Frank E. Hagan, Leah E. Daigle
ناشر: SAGE Publications, Inc; Tenth edition (January 16, 2019)
زبان: English
شابک: 154433902X, 978-1544339023
حجم: 23 Mb
فرمت: Epub + Converted pdf

Preface About the Authors PART I FOUNDATIONS OF CRIMINOLOGY Chapter 1 • Introduction to Criminology Criminology Fads and Fashions in Crime The Emergence of Criminology Crime File 1.1: The FBI’s 10 Most Wanted Fugitives Crime and Deviance Sumner’s Types of Norms Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita Social Change and the Emergence of Law Consensus Versus Conflict Versus Interactionist Model of Law Crime and Criminal Law Crime File 1.2: Crimes of the 20th Century Who Defines Crime? Criminological Definitions The Crime Problem Crime File 1.3: The JonBenet Ramsey Murder The Cost of Crime Criminology in Context 1.1: What Is Crime? Crime & the Media 1.1: Publicized Trials Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 2 • Research Methods in Criminology The Research Enterprise of Criminology Objectivity Ethics in Criminological Research Crime File 2.1: Scientific Evil: The Guatemala Syphilis Study Crime File 2.2: Secrets of the Belfast Project Operationalization—Who Is Criminal? Official Police Statistics—The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Sources of Crime Statistics The Crime Indexes: Violent and Property Crime Issues and Cautions in Studying UCR Data Crime File 2.3: The Crime Dip Alternative Data-Gathering Strategies Experiments and Evidence-Based Research in Criminology Some Examples of Experiments in Criminology Evidence-Based Research Criminology in Context 2.1: Preventing Crime—What Works, What Doesn’t, What’s Promising Surveys Victim Surveys National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Criminology in Context 2.2: Crimesolutions.gov: Research at the Office of Justice Programs Issues and Cautions in Studying Victim Data Criminology in Context 2.3: NCVS Sample Questions Self-Report Measures of Crime Criminology in Context 2.4: Self-Reported Delinquency Items Participant Observation Participant Observation of Criminals Evaluation of the Method of Participant Observation Case Study or Life History Unobtrusive Measures Crime File 2.4: Confessions of a Dying Thief Crime File 2.5: The Black Dahlia Murder Validity, Reliability, and Triangulation Criminology in Context 2.5: The FBI Reading Room Crime & the Media 2.1: Crime Rates Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 3 • General Characteristics of Crime and Criminals Caution in Interpreting Crime Data International Variations in Crime The Prevalence of Crime Trends in Crime Age and Crime Criminology in Context 3.1: American Crime Problems From a Global Perspective Criminology in Context 3.2: Meeting the Challenge of Transnational Crime Criminology in Context 3.3: What Is the Relationship Between Age and Crime? Gender Differences in Criminality Social Class and Crime Race and Crime Criminology in Context 3.4: Racial Profiling Criminology in Context 3.5: Native Americans and Crime Regional Variation in Crime Urban Versus Rural Crime Institutions and Crime The Family and Crime Education and Crime Religion and Crime War and Crime Economy and Crime Mass Media and Crime Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 4 • What Is Victimology? Nature of Victimization The Typical Victimization and Victim Costs of Victimization Economic Costs System Costs Mental Health Consequences and Costs Fear of Crime Theories of Victimization Role of the Victim in Crime Crime File 4.1: When Offender Becomes Victim Routine Activities and Lifestyles Theory Structural Causes of Victimization Victims’ Rights Victim Remedies and Services Crime & the Media 4.1: Portrayal of Victims Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises PART II THEORIES OF CRIMINOLOGY Chapter 5 • Early and Classical Criminological Theories Theory Demonological Theory Classical Theory Criminology in Context 5.1: The Nacirema Undergraduate as Criminal: A Criminological “Why Do It?” Crime in Relation to Punishment: Cesare Beccaria Criminology in Context 5.2: The Oral History of Criminology Project Hedonism and Crime: Jeremy Bentham Critique of Classical Theory Neoclassical Theory Rational Choice Theory Deterrence Theory Crime File 5.1: “Designing Out” Gang Homicides and Street Assaults: Situational Crime Prevention Criminology in Context 5.3: Justifications for Punishment Ecological Theory Using Crime Statistics: Andre M. Guerry and Adolphe Quetelet Critique of Ecological Theory Other Geographical Theories Economic Theory Class, Crime, and Capitalism: Karl Marx Criminal Law and Class: Willem Bonger The Theory–Policy Connection Applying Theory 5.1 Crime & the Media 5.1: Ecological Theory Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 6 • Biological and Psychological Theories Positivist Theory Precursors of Positivism Biological Theories Biological Positivism: Cesare Lombroso Feeblemindedness: Charles Goring Heredity: The Jukes and Kallikaks Physical Inferiority: Earnest Hooton Body Types Critique of Early Biological Theories More Recent Biological Theories Brain Disorders Twin Studies Adoption Studies Problems With Twin and Adoption Studies XYY Syndrome Other Biological Factors Critique of Neobiological Theories Psychological Theories Freudian Theory Psychometry Extroverts Versus Introverts: Hans Eysenck Conditioning: B. F. Skinner Criminology in Context 6.1: Crime Profiling Social Learning Theory: Albert Bandura The Criminal Personality: Samuel Yochelson and Stanton Samenow Intelligence and Crime Criminology in Context 6.2: The Insanity Defense Crime File 6.1: The Twinkie Defense The Psychopath Crime File 6.2: The Flynn Effect: Sex, Race, and IQ The Theory–Policy Connection Applying Theory 6.1 Crime & the Media 6.1: Biological and Psychological Theories Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 7 • Sociological Mainstream Theories Anomie Theories Anomie: Émile Durkheim Merton’s Theory of Anomie Robert Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST) Subcultural Theories Cohen’s Lower-Class Reaction Theory Cloward and Ohlin’s Differential Opportunity Theory Social Process Theories Applying Theory 7.1 The Chicago School Shaw and McKay’s Social Disorganization Theory Sutherland’s Theory of Differential Association Criminology in Context 7.1: Designing Out Crime Miller’s Focal Concerns Theory Matza’s Delinquency and Drift Theory Applying Theory 7.2 Social Control Theories Reckless’s Containment Theory Hirschi’s Social Bond Theory Gottfredson and Hirschi’s General Theory of Crime John Hagan’s Power-Control Theory Applying Theory 7.3 Developmental and Life Course (DLC) Theories Farrington’s Antisocial Potential (AP) Theory Sampson and Laub’s Life Course Criminality Applying Theory 7.4 The Theory–Policy Connection Crime & the Media 7.1: Sociological Mainstream Theories Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 8 • Sociological Critical Theories and Integrated Theories Mainstream Versus Critical Criminology Labeling Theory Lemert’s Secondary Deviance A Critique of Labeling Theory John Braithwaite’s Shaming Theory Conflict Criminology The Political Nature of Criminal Law: Austin Turk Conflict Theory: William Chambliss and Richard Quinney Conflict Criminology and Race: W. E. B. Du Bois Conflict Criminology and Social Class: Jeffrey Reiman Feminist Criminology New Critical Criminology Left Realism Peacemaking Postmodernism Criminology in Context 8.1: Incorporating Restorative and Community Justice Into American Sentencing and Corrections Radical Marxist Criminology Radical Criminology: Richard Quinney Capitalism and Crime: William Chambliss Conflict Versus Marxist Criminology Critiques of Radical Criminology Integrated Theories of Crime Delbert Elliott’s Integrative Theory Terence Thornberry’s Interactional Theory Applying Theory 8.1 Criminal Typologies A Critique of Typologies A Defense of Typologies Criminal Behavior Systems Criminology in Context 8.2: Some Sociological Typologies of Criminal Behavior Theoretical Range and Criminological Explanation The Global Fallacy The Theory–Policy Connection Crime & the Media 8.1: Portrayal of White-Collar Offenders Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises PART III CRIME TYPOLOGIES Chapter 9 • Violent Crime History of Violence in the United States Murder Serial Murder Mass Murder Spree Murder African Americans and Serial Murder Crime File 9.1: The Virginia Tech Massacre Homicide and Assault Statistics Crime File 9.2: The DC Snipers and the BTK Killer Patterns and Trends in Violent Crime Typology of Violent Offenders Workplace Violence School Violence Crime File 9.3: Deadly Lessons: The Secret Service Study of School Shooters Guns Sexual Assault Acquaintance Rape Rape as a Violent Act Crime File 9.4: The Problem of Acquaintance Rape of College Students Sexual Predators Crime File 9.5: Child Sexual Abuse by Catholic Priests Incest Characteristics of Sex Offenders Robbery Conklin’s Typology of Robbers Crime File 9.6: The Gardner Museum Theft Domestic Violence Child Abuse Intimate Partner Violence Elder Abuse Criminal Careers of Violent Offenders Culture of Violence Subculture of Violence Career Criminals and Violent Offenders Societal Reaction Theory and Crime Crime & the Media 9.1: Violent Crime and the Media Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 10 • Property Crime: Occasional, Conventional, and Professional Occasional Property Crimes Shoplifting Vandalism Criminology in Context 10.1: Graffiti Motor Vehicle Theft Check Forgery Conventional Property Crimes Burglary Fencing Operations Stings Larceny-Theft Identity Theft Arson: A Special-Category Offense Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals Crime File 10.1: Identity Theft Societal Reaction Professional Crime The Concept of Professional Crime Characteristics of Professional Crime Argot A Model of Professional Crime Edelhertz’s Typology Criminal Careers of Professional Crime Boosters Cannons Professional Burglars Criminology in Context 10.2: Shoplifting The Box Man The Professional Fence Paperhangers Crime File 10.2: Busting the Biggest Band of Cable Pirates in U.S. History Professional Robbers Professional Arsonists Professional Auto Theft Rings Crime File 10.3: Car Cloning: A New Twist on an Old Crime Professional Killers Societal Reaction Theory and Crime Crime File 10.4: House of Cards: Casino Cheating Ring Dismantled Crime & the Media 10.1: Internet and Crime—Dating Scams Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 11 • White-Collar Crime: Occupational and Corporate White-Collar Crime—The Classic Statement Related Concepts Measurement and Cost of Occupational and Corporate Crime History of Corporate, Organizational, and Occupational Crime Cons and Scams Big Cons Ponzi Schemes Crime File 11.1: The Bernie Madoff Affair: “One Big Lie” Pyramid Schemes Religious Cons Legal Regulation Occupations and the Law Organizations and the Law Occupational Crime Crimes by Employees Against Individuals (the Public) Crimes by Employees Against Employees Crimes by Employees Against Organizations Crimes by Individuals (or Members of Occupations) Corporate Crime Crimes by Organizations/Corporations Against Individuals (the Public) Crime File 11.2: The “Kids for Cash” Scandal: Injustice and Corruption in Juvenile Justice Crime File 11.3: Financial Crimes: FBI Releases Annual Report to the Public Crime File 11.4: The Savings and Loan Scandal: The Biggest White-collar Crime in U.S. History Crime File 11.5: The Donora Fluoride Death Fog: A Secret History of America’s Worst Air Pollution Disaster Crimes by Organizations Against Employees Crimes by Organizations (Corporations) Against Organizations Crime File 11.6: Pirates of the Internet: Criminal Warez Groups Criminal Careers of Occupational and Organizational Offenders Rationalizations Societal Reaction Why the Leniency in Punishment? Theory and Crime Crime & the Media 11.1: White-Collar Crime Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 12 • Political Crime and Terrorism Ideology Political Crime: A Definition Legal Aspects The Nuremberg Principle Crime File 12.1: September 11, 2001 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights International Law Crimes by Government Secret Police Human Rights Violations Patriarchal Crime Genocide Crimes by Police Illegal Surveillance, Disruption, and Experiments Scandal Crime File 12.2: White House Crime and Scandal: From Washington to Obama Crimes Against Government Protest and Dissent Social Movements Assassination Espionage Crime File 12.3: The Robert Hanssen Spy Case Political Whistleblowing Terrorism Definitions and Types Brief History of Terrorism Crime File 12.4: Narco-Terrorism: Drugs and Terrorism a Dangerous Mixture, DEA Official Tells Senate Judiciary Committee Criminology in Context 12.1: State Department Strategic Assessment of International Terrorism Terrorism and Social Policy Crime Careers of Political Criminals The Doctrine of Raison d’État Societal Reaction Crime & the Media 12.1: Political Crime and Terrorism Theory and Crime Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 13 • Organized Crime Sources of Information on Organized Crime Types of Organized Crime Organized Crime Continuum Street Gangs International Organized Crime Yakuza Chinese Triad Societies Russian Organized Crime Nature of Organized Crime Ethnicity and Organized Crime Money Laundering Crime File 13.1: Kill the Irishman: The Danny Greene Mob and the Death of the Cleveland Mafia Drug Trafficking Colombian Cartels Mexico’s Drug War Theories of the Nature of Syndicate Crime in the United States The Cosa Nostra Theory (The Cressey Model) The Patron Theory (The Albini Model) Criminology in Context 13.1: The Origin of the Mafia The Italian American Syndicate (IAS) Classic Pattern of Organized Crime Strategic and Tactical Crimes Illegal Businesses and Activities Crime File 13.2: Operation Hook Shot Criminology in Context 13.2: Mobsters, Unions, and the Feds Big Business and Government Crime Careers of Organized Criminals Crime File 13.3: J. Edgar Hoover, the Mafia, and the KKK Societal Reaction Drug Control Strategies Investigative Procedures Laws and Organized Crime Theory and Crime Crime & the Media 13.1: Organized Crime Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 14 • Public Order Crime Broken Windows Prostitution Types of Prostitution Massage Parlors Johns Underage Prostitutes Sexual Offenses Paraphilia Drug Abuse Drugs and History Drug Use in the United States: The Drug Dip? Crime File 14.1: Moral Panics and the Strange Career of Captain Richmond Hobson—Moral Entrepreneur Drug Abuse and Crime The Opioid Crisis Drunkenness Societal Reaction Crime & the Media 14.1: #MeToo Overcriminalization Decriminalization Theory and Crime Crime & the Media 14.2: Public Order Crime Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Chapter 15 • Cybercrime and the Future of Crime Types of Cybercrime Crime File 15.1: Operation Ghost Click: International Cyber Ring That Infected Millions of Computers Dismantled Types of Attacks on Computer Systems Crime File 15.2: Botnet Bust Argot of Cybercrime Online Predators Crime File 15.3: Cracking Down on Sexual Predators on the Internet Cyberterrorism Societal Reaction Criminology in Context 15.1: Protecting Children in Cyberspace: The ICAC Task Force Program The Future of Crime Exploring the Future of Crime: Methods Crime File 15.4: International Blackshades Malware Takedown Other Crime Predictions Crimewarps The Future of Digital Crime Other Predictions British Home Office Predictions Theory and Crime Crime & the Media 15.1: Cyberbullying and Its Consequences Summary Key Concepts Review Questions Web Sources Web Exercises Learning Check Answers Glossary References and Further Readings Index

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