دانلود کتاب The Treaty of Pelindaba on the African Nuclear-weapon-free-zone - Original PDF
Author:
Oluyemi Adeniji
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توضیحات کتاب :
When the world formally entered the nuclear weapons age in August 1945 with the launching by the United States of America of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki,1 most of Africa was under colonialism. Since the imperial powers were also the Allied Powers on whose behalf the most destructive element of the atom was unleashed on Japan, its effect in hastening the end of the Second World War was the only immediate impression. The universal euphoria over the end of the war, however, soon gave way to great concern about the future consequences of the wider use of atomic weapons. The United Nations, which was established in order to avert a future world war, had elaborated its charter unaware of the new weapon.2 The effectiveness of the new Organization was hinged on the system of collective security, which would deter aggression and therefore maintain international peace and security. The appearance of the atomic weapon on the scene introduced a new situation which could render the system of collective security very difficult, if not impossible, to implement. The United Nations General Assembly was therefore obliged at its first meeting to give the highest priority to laying down principles for disarmament that had not been spelt out in the Charter.3 Thus, in the first resolution it adopted, the General Assembly established the Atomic Energy Commission, which was charged with making specific proposals for the elimination of atomic weapons and all other weapons of mass-destruction from national armaments.4
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