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Ebook details:
عنوان: Cardiovascular Physiology: Mosby Physiology Monograph Series (Mosby's Physiology Monograph)
نویسنده: Pappano PhD, Achilles J., Wier PhD, Withrow Gil
ناشر: Elsevier; 11 edition (November 12, 2018)
زبان: English
شابک: 0323594840, 978-0323594844

9780323594844, 9780323594875, 0323594875
حجم: 250 Mb
فرمت: Epub + Converted Pdf

Cover image Title page Table of Contents Series Page Copyright Dedication Preface 1. Overview of the Circulation and Blood The Circulatory System Blood Summary Keywords and Concepts 2. Excitation: The Cardiac Action Potential Cardiac Action Potentials Consist of Several Phases Ionic Basis of the Slow Response Conduction in Cardiac Fibers Depends on Local Circuit Currents Conduction of the Slow Response Cardiac Excitability Depends on the Activation and Inactivation of Specific Currents Summary KeyWords and Concepts 3. Automaticity: Natural Excitation of the Heart The Heart Generates its Own Pacemaking Activity Afterdepolarizations Lead To Triggered Activity Electrocardiography Displays the Spread of Cardiac Excitation Dysrhythmias Occur Frequently and Constitute Important Clinical Problems Summary Keywords and Concepts 4. The Cardiac Pump The Microscopic and Gross Structures of the Heart The Force of Cardiac Contraction is Determined by Excitation-Contraction Coupling and the Initial Sarcomere Length of the Myocardial Cells The Sequential Contraction and Relaxation of the Atria and Ventricles Constitute the Cardiac Cycle The Pressure-Volume Relationships in the Intact Heart The Fick Principle is Used to Determine Cardiac Output Summary Keywords and Concepts 5. Regulation of the Heartbeat Heart Rate is Controlled Mainly by the Autonomic Nerves Myocardial Performance is Regulated by Intrinsic Mechanisms Myocardial Performance is Regulated by Nervous and Humoral Factors Summary Keywords and Concepts 6. Hemodynamics Velocity of the Bloodstream Depends on Blood Flow and Vascular Area Blood Flow Depends on the Pressure Gradient Relationship Between Pressure and Flow Depends on the Characteristics of the Conduits Resistance to Flow Flow May Be Laminar or Turbulent Shear Stress on the Vessel Wall Rheological Properties of Blood Summary Keywords and Concepts 7. The Arterial System The Hydraulic Filter Converts Pulsatile Flow to Steady Flow Arterial Elasticity Compensates for the Intermittent Flow Delivered by the Heart The Arterial Blood Pressure is Determined by Physical and Physiological Factors The Pressure Curves Change in Arteries at Different Distances from the Heart Blood Pressure is Measured by a Sphygmomanometer in Human Patients Summary Keywords and Concepts 8. The Microcirculation and Lymphatics Functional Anatomy The Endothelium Plays an Active Role in Regulating the Microcirculation The Endothelium is at the Center of Flow-Initiated Mechanotransduction The Endothelium Plays a Passive Role in Transcapillary Exchange The Lymphatics Return the Fluid and Solutes That Escape Through the Endothelium to the Circulating Blood Summary Keywords and Concepts 9. The Peripheral Circulation and Its Control The Functions of the Heart and Large Blood Vessels Contraction and Relaxation of Arteriolar Vascular Smooth Muscle Regulate Peripheral Blood Flow Pharmacomechanical Coupling Intrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood Flow Extrinsic Control of Peripheral Blood Flow is Mediated Mainly by the Sympathetic Nervous System Balance Between Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors in Regulation of Peripheral Blood Flow Summary Keywords and Concepts 10. Control of Cardiac Output: Coupling of Heart and Blood Vessels Factors Controlling Cardiac Output The Cardiac Function Curve Relates Central Venous Pressure (Preload) to Cardiac Output The Vascular Function Curve Relates Central Venous Pressure to Cardiac Output Venous Pressure Depends on Cardiac Output Cardiac Output and Venous Return are Closely Associated The Heart and Vasculature are Coupled Functionally The Right Ventricle Regulates Not Only Pulmonary Blood Flow but also Central Venous Pressure Heart Rate has Ambivalent Effects on Cardiac Output Ancillary Factors Affect the Venous System and Cardiac Output Summary Keywords and Concepts 11. Coronary Circulation Functional Anatomy of the Coronary Vessels Coronary Blood Flow is Regulated by Physical, Neural, and Metabolic Factors Diminished Coronary Blood Flow Impairs Cardiac Function Energy Substrate Metabolism During Ischemia Coronary Collateral Vessels Develop in Response to Impairment of Coronary Blood Flow Summary Keywords and Concepts 12. Special Circulations Cutaneous Circulation Skin Blood Flow is Regulated Mainly by the Sympathetic Nervous System Ambient Temperature and Body Temperature Play Important Roles in The Regulation of Skin Blood Flow Skin Color Depends on The Volume and Flow of Blood In The Skin and on The Amount of O2 Bound to Hemoglobin Skeletal Muscle Circulation Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Circulation Cerebral Circulation The Pulmonary and Systemic Circulations are In Series with Each Other The Renal Circulation Affects The Cardiac Output The Splanchnic Circulation Provides Blood Flow to the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Spleen, and Pancreas Fetal Circulation Summary Keywords and Concepts 13. Interplay of Central and Peripheral Factors That Control the Circulation Exercise Limits of Exercise Performance Physical Training and Conditioning Hemorrhage Summary Keywords and Concepts Appendix A. End-of-Chapter Case Study Answers Appendix B. Comprehensive Review Examination Index

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