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Ebook details:
عنوان: Articulation and Phonology in Speech Sound Disorders A Clinical Focus (6th Edition)
نویسنده: 9780134990576
ناشر: Pearson; 6 edition (March 7, 2019)
زبان: English
شابک: 0134990579, 978-0134990576

9780135185056, 013518505X
حجم: 68 Mb
فرمت: Original PDF

Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Page About the Author Preface Brief Contents Contents 1 Clinical Framework: Basic Terms and Concepts Communication, Speech, and Language Disorders of Communication,Speech, and Language Articulation and Speech Sounds(Phones): Phonology and Phonemes Defining Speech Sound Disorders:Articulation and Phonological Disorders Classifying Speech Sound Disorders Subtypes and Etiological Factors: Speech DisordersClassification System Examining Error Patterns: The DifferentialDiagnosis System Summary Case Studies Think Critically 2 Articulatory Phonetics: Speech Sound Form Phonetics: Definitions and Classification Anatomical-Physiological Review of theFoundations of Speech Production The Respiratory System The Phonatory System The Resonatory System The Articulatory System Vowels Versus Consonants General American English Vowels:Descriptive Parameters Front Vowels Back Vowels Central Vowels Diphthongs General American English Consonants:Descriptive Parameters Sounds in Context: Coarticulation andAssimilation Syllable Structure Clinical Significance Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 2.1 Selected Readings in Anatomy and Physiology of the Speech and Hearing Mechanisms Appendix 2.2 Phonetic Symbols Used in Current Phonetic Transcription Texts 3 Phonetic Transcription and Diacritics Phonetic Transcription as a Notational System The Use and Value of Phonetic Transcription for Speech‐Language Therapists Defining Diacritics Diacritics Used with Consonants Diacritics Used with Vowels Diacritics for Stress, Duration, and Syllable Boundaries Additional Symbols Clinical Implications Summary Case Study Think Critically 4 Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications The Evolution of the Phoneme Concept How Did the Concept of the Phoneme Develop? Speech Sound Versus Phoneme: Form and Function as a Unity Distinctive Feature Theories How Do Distinctive Features Work? Generative Phonology How Does Generative Phonology Work? How Did Generative Phonology Develop? Naturalness, Markedness, and Implicational Universals Natural Phonology How Does Natural Phonology Work? How Did Natural Phonology Develop? Nonlinear Phonologies: Exemplified by Feature Geometry and Optimality Theory Feature Geometry Optimality Theory The Sonority Theory and Sonority Sequencing Principles Summary Case Study Think Critically 5 Normal Phonological Development Aspects of Structural and Functional Development Early Perceptual Development Prelinguistic Stages: Before the First Words Vocoids: Nonphonemic Vowel‐like Productions Contoids: Nonphonemic Consonant‐like Productions Syllable Shapes Babbling and Its Relationship to Later Language Development Prosodic Feature Development Transition from Babbling to First Words and the First‐50‐Word Stage The First‐50‐Word Stage Segmental Form Development Prosodic Feature Development Consonant, Vowel, and Prosodic Development of the Preschool‐Age Child Segmental Form Development: Vowels Segmental Form Development: Consonants Phonological Processes Prosodic Feature Development Consonants, Consonant Clusters, and Prosodic Development of the School‐Age Child Segmental Form Development Consonant Cluster Development Prosodic Feature Development Phonological Awareness, Emerging Literacy, and Phonological Disorders Summary Case Study Think Critically 6 Assessment and Appraisal: Collection of Data Guidelines for Assessment: Objectives of Appraisal and Diagnosis Initial Procedures: Hearing Evaluation and Speech Mechanism Examination Initial Impression Procedures for a Hearing Screening Evaluation of the Speech Mechanism What to Look for When Evaluating the Speech Mechanism Standardized Speech Assessments and Supplemental Testing Advantages and Disadvantages of Standardized Speech Assessments Factors to Consider When Selecting a Standardized Speech Measure Assessment Procedures to Supplement Standardized Speech Measures Organizing Standardized Speech Assessment Results: Describing the Error Stimulability Testing Contextual Testing Testing Multisyllabic (3‐Plus Syllable) Words Spontaneous Speech Sample Organization of the Continuous Speech Sample Selection of Additional Measures in Other Areas Language Screening Prosodic Screening and Testing Phonological and Phonemic Awareness Screening and Testing Cognitive Appraisal Assessment of a Child’s Communicative Participation Special Considerations: A Child with Emerging Phonology Special Considerations: A Child with Unintelligible Speech Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 6.1 Speech‐Motor Assessment Screening Form 7 Diagnosis: Summarizing Data and Classifying Speech Sound Disorders Inventory, Distribution, and Stimulability of Speech Sounds Outcome Measures: Which Sounds the Child Can Produce, Which Sounds the Child Cannot Produce, and Sti What Do the Inventory, Distribution, and Stimulability Results Tell Us as Clinicians? Phonemic Contrasts: Establishing a Phonemic Inventory Phonemic Pattern Analysis: Phonological Processes Classifying Speech Sound Disorders Articulation Disorder Phonological Delay Consistent Phonological Disorder Inconsistent Phonological Disorder Factors Affecting Intelligibility and Measurements of Intelligibility Factors Affecting Intelligibility Measures of Intelligibility Measures of Severity, Whole‐Word Accuracy, and Variability Measures of Whole Words Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 7.1 Transcription from Jonah, Age 7 Years 4 Months, from the Goldman‐Fristoe Test of Ar Appendix 7.2 Matrix for Spontaneous Speech Sample from Jonah, Age 7 Years 4 Months Appendix 7.3 Minimal Word‐Pairs Ordered by Vowel Appendix 7.4 Intelligibility Grid 8 Dialects and English as a Second Language Dialects Regional Dialects Characteristics of Appalachian English, Ozark English, and African‐American Vernacular English Appalachian Versus Ozark English Ethnicity, Race, and Culture African‐American Vernacular English ASHA’s Position on Dialects The Speaker of English as a Second Language Factors to Consider in the Phonological Development of Children Learning English as a Second Languag Limited English Proficient Students Speech Sound and Selected Prosodic Characteristics of Spanish, Vietnamese, Cantonese, Korean, Filipi Spanish American English Vietnamese American English Korean American English Cantonese American English Filipino/Tagalog American English Hmong American English Arabic American English Cultural Competence and Implications for Appraisal Guidelines Summary Case Study Think Critically 9 Therapy for Articulation Disorders: Obtaining an Accurate Production of a Speech Sound Defining the Traditional Motor Approach Guidelines for Beginning Therapy: Articulation Disorders General Overview of Therapy Progression Sensory‐Perceptual Training Production of the Sound in Isolation Sounds in Context Dismissal and Re‐evaluation Criteria Principles of Motor Learning and Their Application to Therapy Conditions of Practice Conditions of Feedback The Traditional Motor Approach and the Most Frequently Misarticulated Speech Sounds Misarticulations of [s] and [z] Misarticulations of [ʃ] and [ʒ] Misarticulations of [k] and [ɡ] Misarticulations of [l] Misarticulations of [ɹ] and the Central Vowels with r‐Coloring Misarticulations of [Θ] and [Ð] Misarticulations of [f] and [v] Affricate Problems Voicing Problems Consonant Cluster Problems Group Therapy with the Traditional Motor Approach Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 9.1 Minimal Word‐Pairs with Frequently Misarticulated Sounds 10 Treatment of Phonological Disorders Minimal Pair Therapy: Minimal Oppositions Contrast Therapy and the Multiple Oppositions Approach Minimal Opposition Contrast Therapy Multiple Oppositions Approach Target Selection for Minimal Pair Therapy: Maximal Oppositions and the Complexity Approach Maximal Oppositions The Complexity Approach Cycles Phonological Remediation Approach Inconsistent Speech Disorder and the Core Vocabulary Approach The Metaphon Approach Speech Sound Disorders with Concurrent Language Problems: The Treatment of Morphosyntax, Vocabulary, Connecting Phonology to Morphosyntax: Morphosyntax Intervention Connecting Phonology to Semantics: Vocabulary Intervention The Child with an Emerging Phonological System: Expanding the System and Vocabulary Treatment of Multiple Vowel Errors The Child with a Very Limited Vowel Inventory: Therapeutic Suggestions The Child with a High Proportion of Vowel Substitutions: Therapeutic Suggestions Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 10.1 Probes for Initial Consonant Clusters That Could Be Targets Appendix 10.2 Probes for Monitoring Generalization or Therapy Progress 11 Speech Sound Disorders in Selected Populations Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Disorder of Speech Motor Control Definition and General Features Articulatory and Phonological Characteristics Clinical Implications: Diagnostics Clinical Implications: Therapeutics Motor‐Speech Disorders: Cerebral Palsy Definition and General Features Articulatory and Phonological Characteristics Clinical Implications: Diagnostics Clinical Implications: Therapeutics Cleft Palate Definition and General Features Articulatory and Phonological Characteristics Clinical Implications: Diagnostic Clinical Implications: Therapeutics Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) Definition and General Features Articulatory and Phonological Characteristics: GeneralInformation Down Syndrome: General Information Down Syndrome: Articulatory and Phonological Impairments Clinical Implications: Diagnostics Clinical Implications: Therapeutics Hearing Impairment Definition and General Features Articulatory and Phonological Characteristics Clinical Implications: Diagnostics Clinical Implications: Therapeutics Motor-Speech Disorders in Adults Acquired Apraxia of Speech The Dysarthrias Summary Case Study Think Critically Appendix 11.1 Protocol for Assessing Respiration, Phonation, Resonation, and Articulation of Dysar Glossary References Index

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