لایب سان

Ebook details:
عنوان: A Practical Guide to Contemporary Pharmacy Practice, 3rd Edition
نویسنده: Medicine & Health Science Books @ Amazon.com
ناشر: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 3rd edition (January 24, 2009)
زبان: English
شابک: 0781783968, 978-0781783965
حجم: 195 Mb
فرمت: Image pdf with ocr

A Practical Guide to Contemporary Pharmacy Practice, Third Edition Copyright Dedication Preface Preface to Companion CD-ROM Contents Contents of Companion CD-ROM Additional Resources Part 1: Processing the Prescription Chapter 1: Prescription and Medication Drug Orders CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS II. ISSUING AND RECEIVING DRUG ORDERS III. OUTPATIENT PRESCRIPTION DRUG ORDERS IV. INPATIENT MEDICATION ORDERS V. RECORDS FOR COMPOUNDED DRUG ORDERS VI. RECOMMENDED PRACTICES TO PREVENT MEDICATION ERRORS IN DRUG ORDERS REFERENCES Chapter 2: Labeling Prescriptions and Medications CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. LABELS FOR OUTPATIENT PRESCRIPTION ORDERS III. LABELS FOR INPATIENT DRUG ORDERS IV. LABELS FOR COMPOUNDED DRUG PREPARATIONS V. AUXILIARY LABELS REFERENCES Chapter 3: Controlled Substances CHAPTER OUTLINE I. LEGAL JURISDICTION FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES II. DEFINITIONS III. DEA REGISTRATION IV. SCHEDULES FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES V. REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESCRIPTION ORDERS FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR NONPRESCRIPTION SALES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES VII. RECORD KEEPING FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES VIII. LABELING OF PRESCRIPTIONS FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES IX. OTHER REQUIREMENTS REFERENCES Chapter 4: Expiration and Beyond-Use Dating CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. REGULATION OF EXPIRATION AND BEYOND-USE DATING III. DIFFICULTIES IN ASSIGNING BEYOND-USE DATES IV. ASSIGNING BEYOND-USE DATES TO MANUFACTURED DRUG PRODUCTS DISPENSED BY THE PHARMACIST V. ASSIGNING BEYOND-USE DATES TO COMPOUNDED DRUG PREPARATIONS VI. SUMMARY REFERENCES Chapter 5: Drug Utilization Review and Medication-Use Evaluation CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. HISTORY III. PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS OF PRACTICE IV. MEDICATION PROFILE RECORDS V. ELEMENTS FOR PROSPECTIVE DRUG UTILIZATION REVIEW VI. WHAT TO DO WHEN A PROBLEM IS IDENTIFIED REFERENCES Chapter 6: Patient Counseling CHAPTER OUTLINE I. PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS OF PRACTICE II. STATE LAW III. FEDERAL LAW IV. GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR PATIENT COUNSELING V. ELEMENTS FOR PATIENT COUNSELING VI. ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT CONSULTATIONS REFERENCES Part 2: Calculations Chapter 7: Systems of Measurement and Introduction to Pharmaceutical Calculations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT II. INTERSYSTEM CONVERSION FOR WEIGHTS AND VOLUMES III. TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS AND CALCULATION OF MEAN KINETIC TEMPERATURE IV. DENSITY AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY V. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES VI. METHODS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL CALCULATIONS REFERENCES Chapter 8: Quantity and Concentration Expressions and Calculations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. QUANTITY EXPRESSIONS AND CALCULATIONS USED IN DRUG THERAPY III. CONCENTRATION EXPRESSIONS AND CALCULATIONS USED IN DRUG THERAPY IV. METHODS OF CALCULATING QUANTITIES AND CONCENTRATIONS WHEN COMBINING OR DILUTING PREPARATIONS V. SPECIAL CALCULATIONS INVOLVING ALCOHOL USP VI. SPECIAL CALCULATIONS INVOLVING CONCENTRATED ACIDS VII. SPECIAL CALCULATIONS INVOLVING FORMALDEHYDE SOLUTIONS VIII. CALCULATIONS INVOLVING SALTS AND COMPOUNDS CONTAINING WATER OF HYDRATION REFERENCES Chapter 9: Evaluating Dosage Regimens I. INTRODUCTION II. DOSE FORMATS USED IN DRUG THERAPY III. BODY WEIGHT AND BODY SURFACE AREA IN DOSE EXPRESSIONS IV. DOSAGE REGIMENS V. TRANSLATING DOSAGE REGIMENS TO PRODUCTS AND DIRECTIONS FOR USE VI. SPECIAL CASES REFERENCES Chapter 10: Aliquot Calculations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES II. SIMPLE SOLID-SOLID ALIQUOTS III. SOLID-SOLID SERIAL DILUTIONS IV. SOLID-LIQUID ALIQUOTS V. LIQUID–LIQUID ALIQUOTS AND SERIAL DILUTIONS Chapter 11: Isotonicity Calculations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES II. FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION METHOD III. SODIUM CHLORIDE EQUIVALENT METHOD IV. USP METHOD (ALSO KNOWN AS THE WHITE–VINCENT METHOD OR THE SPROWLS METHOD) V. LISO METHOD REFERENCES Part 3: Compounding Drug Preparations Chapter 12: General Guidelines for Preparing Compounded Drug Preparations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. EVOLUTION AND CURRENT STATUS OF COMPOUNDING IN PHARMACY PRACTICE III. GUIDELINES FOR PROVIDING SAFE AND EFFECTIVE COMPOUNDED DRUG PREPARATIONS IV. STEPS TO FOLLOW IN THE COMPOUNDING PROCESS REFERENCES Chapter 13: Selection, Storage, and Handling of Compounding Equipment and Ingredients CHAPTER OUTLINE I. COMPOUNDING FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT II. COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS III. STORAGE CONDITIONS FOR DRUG PRODUCTS AND INGREDIENTS IV. CONTAINERS AND CLOSURES V. SAFE HANDLING OF DRUGS AND CHEMICALS IN THE PHARMACY VI. SOURCES OF SUPPLY FOR DRUGS AND CHEMICALS, COMPOUNDING EQUIPMENT, PACKAGING MATERIALS, AND TECHN REFERENCES Chapter 14: Selection and Use of Weighing and Measuring Equipment CHAPTER OUTLINE I. STANDARDS AND STANDARD-SETTING AGENCIES II. GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR WEIGHING AND MEASURING III. BALANCES AND WEIGHTS IV. RECOMMENDED WEIGHING PROCEDURES V. VOLUMETRIC DEVICES VI. RECOMMENDTIONS FOR USING VOLUMETRIC DEVICES REFERENCES Part 4: Pharmaceutical Excipients Chapter 15: Pharmaceutical Solvents and Solubilizing Agents CHAPTER OUTLINE I. GENERAL INFORMATION II. WATER III. ALCOHOLS IV. GLYCOLS V. KETONES VI. OILS VII. CYCLODEXTRINS REFERENCES Chapter 16: Antimicrobial Preservatives CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITION II. USES OF PRESERVATIVES III. WHEN IS IT NOT NECESSARY TO ADD A PRESERVATIVE? IV. WHEN ARE PRESERVATIVES CONTRAINDICATED? V. ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES WHEN PRESERVATIVES ARE NEEDED BUT ARE CONTRAINDICATED VI. PROPERTIES OF THE IDEAL PRESERVATIVE VII. ANTIMICROBIAL PRESERVATIVES LISTED IN THE USP 30–NF 25 VIII. PRESERVATIVES FOR ORAL DOSAGE FORMS IX. PRESERVATIVES FOR TOPICAL PREPARATIONS X. PRESERVATIVES FOR OPHTHALMIC PREPARATIONS XI. NEED FOR PRESERVATIVE-FREE FORMULATIONS REFERENCES Chapter 17: Antioxidants CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. PREVENTING OXIDATION III. USES OF ANTIOXIDANTS IV. MECHANISM FOR AUTO-OXIDATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS V. PROPERTIES OF THE IDEAL ANTIOXIDANT/CHELATING AGENT VI. ANTIOXIDANTS LISTED IN THE USP 30/NF 25 VII. CHELATING AGENTS LISTED IN THE USP 30/NF 25 VIII. ANTIOXIDANTS FOR AQUEOUS SYSTEMS IX. ANTIOXIDANTS FOR OIL SYSTEMS X. CHELATING AGENTS REFERENCES Chapter 18: Buffers and pH Adjusting Agents CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. USES OF BUFFERS AND pH ADJUSTING AGENTS III. BUFFER CAPACITY IV. SELECTING A BUFFER SYSTEM OR A COMPOUND TO ADJUST pH V. ACIDIFYING, ALKALIZING, AND BUFFERING AGENTS REFERENCES Chapter 19: Viscosity-Inducing Agents CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. THE ROLE OF VISCOSITY IN FORMULATION III. SUSPENDING AND/OR VISCOSITY-INDUCING AGENTS LISTED IN USP 30/NF 25 IV. VISCOSITY-INDUCING AGENTS REFERENCES Chapter 20: Surfactants and Emulsifying Agents CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF EMULSIFYING AGENTS III. CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACTANTS AND EMULSIFYING AGENTS REFERENCES Chapter 21: Colors, Flavors, Sweeteners, and Scents CHAPTER OUTLINE I. COLORS II. FLAVORS AND SWEETENERS III. SCENTS REFERENCES Chapter 22: Vehicles for Liquid Preparations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. VEHICLES FOR ORAL LIQUID PREPARATIONS III. VEHICLES FOR TOPICAL LIQUID PREPARATIONS REFERENCES Chapter 23: Ointment Bases CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. DEFINITIONS III. DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF OINTMENT BASES IV. CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF OINTMENT BASES V. INGREDIENTS FOR OINTMENT BASES REFERENCES Chapter 24: Suppository Bases CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF SUPPOSITORY BASES III. CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPPOSITORY BASES REFERENCES Part 5: Nonsterile Dosage Forms and Their Preparation Chapter 25: Powders CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. PHARMACEUTICAL USES OF POWDERS III. ADVANTAGES OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS IV. DESIRED PROPERTIES OF POWDERS V. PRINCIPLES OF COMPOUNDING FOR POWDERS VI. COMPOUNDING BULK POWDERS VII. COMPOUNDING DIVIDED POWDERS OR CHARTULAE VIII. COMPATIBIITY, STABILITY, AND BEYOND-USE DATING Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 26: Capsules, Lozenges, and Other Solid Oral Dosage Forms CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. CAPSULES III. LOZENGES IV. MOLDED TABLETS V. COMPATIBILITY, STABILITY, AND BEYOND-USE DATING Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 27: Solutions CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS AND SOLUTION NOMENCLATURE II. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SOLUTIONS III. USES AND DESIRED PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS BY ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION IV. PRINCIPLES OF COMPOUNDING SOLUTIONS V. COMPATIBILITY, STABILITY, AND BEYOND-USE DATING Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 28: Suspensions CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS AND SUSPENSION NOMENCLATURE II. USES OF SUSPENSIONS III. DESIRED PROPERTIES OF A SUSPENSION IV. BASIC STEPS IN COMPOUNDING A SUSPENSION V. STABILITY AND BEYOND-USE DATING VI. SPECIAL LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR SUSPENSIONS Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 29: Liquid Emulsions CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. USES OF LIQUID EMULSIONS III. EMULSION TYPE IV. DESIRED PROPERTIES OF A LIQUID EMULSION V. COMPOUNDING BASIC EMULSION TYPES VI. COMPATIBILITY, STABILITY, AND BEYOND-USE DATING VII. SPECIAL LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR EMULSIONS Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 30: Semisolids: Ointments, Creams, Gels, Pastes, and Collodions CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATURE FOR SEMISOLIDS II. USES OF SEMISOLID DOSAGE FORMS III. CHOICE OF A BASE IV. PRINCIPLES OF COMPOUNDING OINTMENTS V. COMPATIBILITY AND STABILITY Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 31: Suppositories CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS AND SUPPOSITORY NOMENCLATURE II. USES OF SUPPOSITORIES III. SELECTING THE SUPPOSITORY BASE MATERIAL IV. SELECTING A COMPOUNDING METHOD V. CALCULATIONS AND PROCEDURES FOR COMPOUNDING SUPPOSITORIES VI. COMPATIBILITY, STABILITY, AND BEYOND-USE DATING VII. PATIENT CONSULTATION Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Part 6: Sterile Dosage Forms and Their Preparation Chapter 32: General Principles of Sterile Dosage Form Preparation CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. DEFINITIONS III. TRAINING, EVALUATION, AND RESPONSIBILITY OF COMPOUNDING PERSONNEL IN ASEPTIC MANIPULATION SKILL IV. CSP MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION RISK LEVELS V. CONSIDERATIONS FOR CSP VI. VERIFICATION OF COMPOUNDING ACCURACY AND STERILITY VII. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND CONTROL VIII. SUGGESTED STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES IX. VERIFICATION OF AUTOMATED COMPOUNDING DEVICES FOR PARENTERAL NUTRITION COMPOUNDING X. FINISHED PREPARATION RELEASE CHECKS AND TESTS XI. STORAGE AND BEYOND-USE DATING XII. MAINTAINING STERILITY, PURITY, AND STABILITY OF DISPENSED AND DISTRIBUTED CSP XIII. PATIENT OR CAREGIVER TRAINING XIV. PATIENT MONITORING AND ADVERSE EVENTS REPORTING XV. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM REFERENCES Chapter 33: Ophthalmic, Nasal, Inhalation, and Irrigation Solutions CHAPTER OUTLINE I. OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS II. NASAL SOLUTIONS III. INHALATION SOLUTIONS IV. IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS V. COMPOUNDING PROCEDURES VI. BEYOND-USE DATING VII. PATIENT CONSULTATION Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Chapter 34: Parenteral Preparations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. PREPARATION OF PARENTERAL DOSAGE FORMS III. USES OF PARENTERAL PRODUCTS IV. DISADVANTAGES OF PARENTERAL THERAPY V. PARENTERAL ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION VI. CALCULATIONS FOR PARENTERAL PREPARATIONS AND ADMINISTRATION Sample Medication Orders REFERENCES Chapter 35: Total Parenteral Nutrition CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. BASIC REQUIREMENTS AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR TPN THERAPY III. NUTRIENTS AND FLUID REQUIREMENTS IV. SPECIAL TOPICS Sample TPN Order REFERENCES Part 7: Veterinary Pharmacy Chapter 36: Veterinary Pharmacy Practice CHAPTER OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION II. INFORMATION RESOURCES III. PROFESSIONAL VETERINARY PHARMACY ORGANIZATIONS IV. LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS V. IMPORTANT VETERINARY TERMINOLOGY VI. DOSAGE FORMS USED IN ANIMAL PATIENTS VII. SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS IN DRUG DELIVERY VIII. ALGORITHM FOR FILLING VETERINARY PRESCRIPTIONS Sample Prescriptions REFERENCES Part 8: Compatibility and Stability Chapter 37: Compatibility and Stability of Drug Products and Preparations CHAPTER OUTLINE I. DEFINITIONS II. RESPONSIBILITY FOR PROVIDING QUALITY DRUG PRODUCTS III. PHYSICAL CHANGES IV. CHEMICAL CHANGES REFERENCES Appendices Appendix A: Abbreviations Commonly Used in Prescriptions and Medication Orders Appendix B: Nomograms for Determination of Body Surface Area from Height and Weight Appendix C: National Center for Health Statistics Growth Charts Appendix D: Isotonicity Values Appendix E: Code of Ethics for Pharmacists Index Color Plates

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